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only in some events in the novel and have no crucial role in the plot of the story. On the other hand, round characters are introduced mostly from the beginning of
the story up to the end, so that they might have important roles and have dynamic capability of surprising in a convincing way through an inconstant and changing
environment Forster, 1974, pp. 46-54. It is meant so that the readers can pay deeper attention towards the intriguing actions, thoughts and events in the story.
2.1.3 Characterization
A way that a character behaves in a story is defined as characterization. It is evident that characterization contributes great sense to the readers. The
definition of characterization according to Rhorberger and Wood Jr. 1971 is a process by which an author creates a character with various characteristics so that
it becomes a device to make the readers believe a character in particular person in the story p. 20. This is the author’s ideas to make stereotypes of persons in real
life into the work of literature so that during reading, the readers might feel and think that it is real.
There are many ways of analyzing the characterization of a character in a story. Some of them can be implicit and the others are explicit. Murphy 1972
explains that there are nine methods of seeing characters to help understand the characterization pp. 161-173.
2.1.3.1 Personal Description
It is the way that the author uses to describe a character through his or her physical appearance, such as the face, the skin color, the hair and other physical
description. The author can directly explain it in an event of a story or using
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another character to describe the character. Direct personal description is severally used by the author of the object novel of this study.
2.1.3.2 Character as Seen by Others
As a description of a character the author uses other persons’ opinions around this character. The opinions give some description of this person’s
personality and which will then depict this person’s characterization. Generally, direct opinion is used in the story. However; in The Hawk and the Dove there are
opinions from other characters referring to a person or a band of people in which also contributes perception.
2.1.3.3 Speech
This is the common way to understand the characteristic of a person in the story by seeing from the way he or she speaks to others and to express his or her
ideas about something. Speech can also indicate the educational background of a character, whether a character is educated or not. It is also a crucial factor of
characterization in which a character can mostly reflected his or her own characteristics in a story.
2.1.3.4. Background Past Life
The background life of a character might be sometimes flashed back in some events in the story in order to give detailed information for the readers.
Through this background life of a character, the readers will find the past experiences, problems and values that influence the development and changes in a
person’s future.
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2.1.3.5 Others’ Conversation
The author sometimes describes a person through others’ conversation about him or her in some events in the story. Hence, the readers will learn this
character by understanding others’ conversation.
2.1.3.6 Reactions
