37 Major Climate change issues : Flood, Land subsidence, Salt intrusion, Air pollution,
Water shortage, Coastal erosion
4.5.1 Location
Muang Samut Sakhon is located at latitude 13 °31
ƍ59ƎN and l ongitude
100°16 ƍ59ƎE
at the mouth of the Tha Chin River, which flows into the Gulf of Thailand as one of the
distributaries of the Chao Praya River. The municipality is situated 30 kilometers from Bangkok and shares its western provincial border with Samut Songkhram; its northern one
with Nakhon Pathom; and Eastern one with Bangkok. Muang Samut Sakhon covers three subdistricts, namely Tha Calom, Krokkrak and Maha Chai, with respectively 9,865 5,262 and
40,250inhabitants.
Figure 4.13. Map of Samut Sakhon Provice Source: GISTDA
4.5.2 Resources
The economy of Samut Sakhon mostly relies on fishery, as the city is one of the major fishing ports in the zone. The production of brine salt also provides substantial incomes to the region,
thanks to the coastal location of the municipality. Industrial development has increased drastically for the past decade. Currently 4,000 industries are settled in the zone. The
associated pumping of groundwater resources has led to land subsidence and the constant degradation of the aquifer.
38
4.5.3 Climate
With respect to the climate of Samut Sakhorn, it is situated in the central Thailand. The Central regions climate is influenced by the southwest monsoon winds and sea breezes. The
mountains of the north and the northern part of the Central region reduce the northeast monsoon winds influence. Similarly the annual average temperature is 28
C, the average highest temperature being 330C, and the average lowest temperature being 20
C. Muang Samut Sakhon has 3 seasons, the rainy season, from June to October, when the
southwest monsoon winds and depression storms exert their influence, winter, from November to January, when the northeast monsoon winds exert their reduced influence and
thus is not as cold as the winter of the North or Northeast , and summer, from February to May, which is less hot than the summer of the North or Northeast due to the influence of the
ocean and the trade winds from the ocean between February and April.
The average rainfall of the city is 1,120 mmyear.
4.5.4 Climate hazard and extreme events
Kategori