Actions taken to reduce impacts of climate hazard extreme events

92 Table 6.7. Summary of landslide disaster in Muang district areas Source: DDPM provincial office Detail Chiang Rai Year 2008 Number of Disaster Event 1 Affected Area Tambon Wat Prakhew Affected People 16 Affected Household 4 Losses THB ‐ Table 6.8. Summary of drought disaster in Muang district areas Source: DDPM provincial office Detail Phuket Year 2008 2005 2007 Number of Disaster 1 1 1 Affected Area Tambon Ka ron Ta Kam, Pa Tong, Ko Hong, Kuan Lung, Chalung, Ku Tao, Tung Yai, Nomnoi, Tung Tamsao Kuan Lung, Chalung, Tung Tamsao Affected People NA 122,484 3494 Affected Household NA 38,683 1456 Losses THB NA 2,776,000 NA Hat Yai

6.3 Actions taken to reduce impacts of climate hazard extreme events

Aftermath of disaster events the municipalities have taken many positive measures to undertake actions o reduce future risk. Most of such initiatives are Projects funded by jointly by Municipality Governments and Royal Thai Government. Such actions include: • Major infrastructure Development projects dams, embankments, Storm water discharging canal network improvements etc • Maintenance schemes regular maintenance of drainage, cleaning of canals, • Reconstruction and Rehabilitation projects Reconstruction of damaged roads, embankments etc • Introduction of new planning regulations • Capacity building programs,DDPM in association with Cities conduct capacity building programs for city officials, community leaders NGOs etc • SimulationsDDPM conduct simulation exercises such as Tsunami drills, fire drills, accident risk management simulations etc • Public awareness programs. All such programs can be considered as the capacity of the cities to undertake future projects on Climate resilience. It is also important to note the high political will of the decision making bodies and city councils etc. 93 Table 6.9. Existing and previous major projects relevant to climate change and disaster risk reduction in Udon Thani Source: Udon Thani Municipality Project Program Year Implementing Agency Budget million THB Funding Source Construction of the canal, gate, pump station, underground pipe line 2006 Municipality Khon Khen University 163 Municipality central government Wetland waste water treatment palnt Klong Suay Nam Sai Project 2008 Municipality Khon Khen University NA Municipality Construction of additional underground canal and pipe line to Nong Prachak lake 2009 Municipality NA Municipality Table 6.10. Existing and previous major projects relevant to climate change and disaster risk reduction in Chiang Rai Source: Chiang Rai Municipality Project Program Year Implementing Agency Budget million THB Funding Source Construction of Sluice gate diverting canal of Mae Kon river 2006 Municipality NA Municipality Construction of canal, pipe line flood pumping system 2007 Municipality NA Municipality Waste classification plant 2009 Pullution Control Department 321 Pullution Control Department 94 Table 6.11. Existing and previous major projects relevant to climate change and disaster risk reduction in Hat Yai Source: Hat Yai Municipality Project Program Year Implementing Agency Budget million THB Funding Source Klong Rian Reservior 2004 Municipality 100.80 Municipality Klong Plee Reservior Municipality 81.15 Municipality Embankment of U Tha Phao canal Municipality 363.06 Municipality Culvert construction Municipality 1.30 Municipality Drainage pipe construction Municipality 46.47 Municipality Pumping station matainance 2005 Municipality 4.60 Municipality Water control building construction Municipality 32.75 Municipality Pumping station matainance 2006 Municipality 2.00 Municipality Drainage pipe construction Municipality 4.76 Municipality Water control building construction Municipality 13.25 Municipality Drainage system 7 projects 2007 ‐ 2009 Municipality 466.36 Municipality Drainage pipe construction Municipality 0.10 Municipality Table 6.12. Existing and previous major projects relevant to climate change and disaster risk reduction in Phuket Source: Phuket Municipality Project Program Year Implementing Agency Budget million THB Funding Source Drainage canal reparing 2009 Municipality 0.25 Municipality Construction of drainage canal road maintainance Municipality 3.129 Municipality Construction of drainage pipe Municipality 7.0232 Municipality Dam reserviors maintainace Municipality 6.256 Municipality 95 Figure 6.8. Projects relevant to climate change and disaster risk reduction Source: Provincial office, Municipality, field survey 96 Figure 6.9. Flood protection scheme in Muang districts Source: Municipality 97 Figure 6.10. Landslide early warning measures developed by ADPC and Kaasetsart universities in Phuket Source: ADPC RECLAIM II 98 Figure 6.11. Tsunami warning system in Phuket Source: field survey and National Disaster Warning Center 99 Figure 6.12. Community level training and capacity building program organized by municipality and DDPM in Hat Yai and Phuket Source: Municipality 100 Figure 6.13. Community level training and capacity building program organized by municipality and DDPM in Udon Thani and Chiang Rai Source: Municipality 101 Figure 6.14. Community and municipality capacity building program organized by municipality, DDPM, and ADPC in Phuket Source: Municipality and ADPC RECLAIM II 102 Figure 6.15. Various publication relevant to disaster capacity building development 103 7 Air and water quality observations

7.1 Air Quality Variations