grow their beards. For women, they were required to wear burqa in public. If the women wanted to go outside their houses, their male blood relative had to
accompany them. Women were not allowed to work. These rules made many schools were closed because women were the primary teachers. Since then
Taliban took over the country and controlled the country until 2001. The era of Taliban regime could be said as the darkest era in the history of Afghanistan.
Many people in Afghanistan lost their human right especially women.
E. Theoretical Framework
There is one main problem which is discussed in this study that is the effects
of regime Soviet Union, Mujahideen and Taliban on the life of Afghan women.
The first thing to do is to analyze a literary work. I use the appropriate approach of literary criticism. From the five approaches that Rohrberger and
Woods present, I choose the sociocultural-historical as the best approach because this study focuses on historical side of the country in certain decade.
Sociocultural-hitorical approach focuses on the civilisation and its effect to the society and culture. While, the study focuses on the civilization and the effects to
the society, especially women. So, the approach is used to find supporting data from some books of Afghanistan to support the evidence.
In answering the question about the effects of regimes in the novel, I did some research on the history concerning the Soviet Union, Mujahideen and
Taliban. All the historical reviews in chapter two are a general truth.
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methodology of this study. There are three parts presented in this chapter. The first part is object of the study which discusses the
novel. The second part is approach of the study that discusses the approach I applied in this study. The last part is method of the study which tells about the
procedures of gathering and arranging the data used in writing this study.
A. Object of the Study
The object of the study is a novel written by Khaled Hosseini. A Thousand Splendid Suns was first published in 2007. The novel has 402 pages and 51
chapters. There are some extra pages for afterword, acknowledgments, postscript
by Khaled Hosseini, reading guide, and a note on the author.
The novel tells a story of two Afghan women who lives during 1974-2001. There are two main female characters in the novel, Mariam and Laila. The story
begins with the story of Mariam’s life. Mariam is a harami or illegitimate child whose father has three wives. Her father insists her to be Rasheed’s wife. Mariam
always feels unhappy and afraid of her husband since she cannot give her husband a child and Rasheed always has bad temper and always abuse her physically and
mentally.
Mariam has a neighbor whose house gets hit by a rocket. Her name is Laila. Fortunately, she is alive. Then, Mariam and Rasheed have taken care of Laila.
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