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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
This chapter consists of five parts. They are background of the study, problem formulation, objectives of the study, benefits of the study, and definition of terms.
The background of the study discusses the reason for choosing the topic. In problem formulation, I give general description of the problems. Objectives of the
study explain the goal of the study. Benefits of the study give explanation about who can get benefits from the study. The last part, I want to discuss the definition
of some terms related to the study.
A. Background of the Study
According to Rene Wellek and Austin Warren in their book Theory of Literature, there is a difference between literature and literary study 15.
Literature is an art, while literary study is a piece of knowledge or of learning. I think that reading a literary work needs an imagination to understand the story or
the meaning of the literary work. People can also improve their knowledge by reading a literary work.
Prose fiction, poetry, and drama are the genres in literature. This study focuses on the novel. Novel is a kind of prose fiction. Prose fiction is generally regarding
“one or a few major characters or deal with problems or difficulties in their lives” Robert and Jacobs 2. There are many genres of novel, such as, romance, science
fiction, horror, thriller, crime fiction, fantasy, and historical fiction.
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
One of the most interesting genres of the novel is historical fiction. Carlos Mata Indurain from University of Navarra defines historical novel as a novelistic
action unfolds in the past; its main characters are imaginary, whereas the historical figures and the real facts constitute the secondary element of the story.
A Thousand Splendid Suns is an historical novel fiction regarding the life of the people in Afghanistan during the war. Actually, the novel tells the story about two
female characters struggling for life. It includes the struggle from the physical abuse which is done by their husband and struggle from the regime changes that
happened in Afghanistan. There are also some society problems during the regimes and wars. I find that wars and the regimes changes give many effects to
the characters in the novel. The reason why I choose this novel because Khaled Hosseini’s novel is a
bestseller and the story of the novel teach people about the value of life. Moreover, I also find an interesting topic in this novel about the effects of regimes
on the life of the people in Afghanistan. I am interested in discussing on how regimes give many effects to the life of women. By using sociocultural-historical
approach, I try to find some supporting data form some books of Afghanistan history to support the evidence. Afghanistan is one of the countries which have a
long story of conflict between colonizers as well as the civil war on the country. Thus this study discusses A Thousand Splendid Suns, a novel by Khaled
Hosseini. The study focuses on the history of Afghanistan which tells clearly in the novel. The novel gives information related to the three regimes that invaded
Afghanistan and the wars which gave many effects to the life of Afghan women.
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In the novel, Khaled Hosseini tells about the story of two women who struggle to face the abusement from their husband and the life difficulty. This study intends
to discover the effects of regimes on Afghan women through the characters Mariam and Laila.
B. Problem Formulation
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