23 with the law. This could discourage students because they are on their own and
they will have to manage and undergo their own policies. Even though the SPD students generally have the clients from many different companies, in the
academic year of 20112012 they had the opportunity to teach students from non- English department study programs. Regarding the fact that students from non-
English department study programs must follow the English proficiency test of TKBI
Tes Kemampuan Bahasa Inggris; those students need to learn English as the preparation before doing the TKBI test.
B. Theoretical Framework
After having the theoretical description, the researcher gives further explanation of the theoretical framework on how the problems of the study will be
solved. Since this study is aimed to investigate clients’ perceptions on SPD
students teaching skills, the researcher used the term perception as Bootzin et al. 1983
has claimed that experience and expectation shaping someone’s perception on his sensory events. This research emphasizes clients’ experience in following
the English course as their sensory events which creating their perceptions. Based on the c
lients’ experience, the researcher is able to have the concrete sight of how the clients’ perceived their teachers SPD students. The research also uses the
statement from Mouly 1973; saying that people might have different perceptions toward the same thing even they have experienced the same event, as the
consideration of having diverse data. In obtaining clients’ perceptions on SPD
students’ teaching skill, the researcher also considers some factors influencing
24 cli
ents’ perceptions as stated by Gibson et al. 1985, Huffman and Vernoy 2000, Atman, Valenzy and Hodgetts 1985 namely: stereotype, selectivity,
object frame and context, self-concept, motivation and needs, and situation. In answering research questions about clients’ perception on SPD
stu dents’ teaching skills, the researcher mostly used the theories of teaching skills
by Purnomo et al. 2008 which was adapting the theories of teaching skills by Brown 1975, while the theories of teaching skills by Hough and Duncan 1970
and by Ryan and Cooper 1984 were also used as the additional points since their theories are relatively similar to each other. Every basic teaching skill is divided
into some indicators where the clients will stated their perceptions in the Likert Scale provided in the questionnaire. Besides the use of teaching skills theories, the
researcher used the theory of teacher characteristics by Hamachek 1990. The researcher will take the points of each teaching skill and teacher characteristic that
is visible for the clients. It means that not all of the teaching skills and teacher characteristics can be seen by the students because some of the characteristics deal
with the preparation of the performance. The limited visible indicators for the clients result in the limited teaching skills indicators which were used in this
research.
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter discusses the method used in the study and divide it into six parts namely research method, research participants, setting, research instrument,
data gathering technique and research procedure.
A. Research Method
The study conducted by the researcher was survey research where the researcher intended to find out the perceptions of the research participants.
Pinsonneault and Kraemer 1993 p. 77 stated that a survey is a method of obtaining information about the characteristics, actions, or opinions of a large
group of people. This research was aimed to find out the perceptions of the clients on the Service Program Design course
student teachers’ teaching skills. This research will focus on the number of data collected from the clients. To be more
specific, this survey study used questionnaires and interviews to obtain deeper perceptions on Service Program Design SPD students
’ teaching skills including their strengths and weaknesses. The reason to select this method is the researcher
could collect the big number of data just in a relatively short time. Regarding the fact that this study had relatively big number of participants, survey research was
chosen to make the process of gaining the data become effective and efficient.
