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program and then again after the program. Those students who participated would be our treatment group; those who did not would be
our control group. Hartoyo 2009: 32
The design of the pretest posttest nonequivalent groups could be described as the following:
EG O
1
X O
2
CG O
1
X O
2
Where, EG = Experimental Group
CG = Control Group
O
1
= Pretest
O
2
= Posttest
X = Treatment
Hartoyo 2009: 33
3.4.2 Experiment
Experiment refers to the effort to obtain the data from the experimental group and control group. “An experiment, then, is a series of controlled observations which
will inevitably need the use of one or more tests” Allen and Davies 1977: 3. I chose SMA Negeri 2 Mranggen as the experiment site. I took XI IPA 2 as the
experimental group and XI IPA 3 as the control group. Both groups consist of 37 students. Then, I took a narrative story writing composition test from the students
before and after teaching writing. The test which was done before giving the treatment was called pretest and the test which was done after giving the treatment
was called posttest. Video clips were used as teaching media and the treatment on the experimental group, while picture series were used as teaching media and the
treatment on the control group.
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3.4.3 Procedure of Experiment
I used the following design in my experiment. EG O
1
X O
2
CG O
1
x O
2
Where, EG = Experimental Group
CG = Control Group
O
1
= Pretest
O
2
= Posttest
X = Treatment using video clips
x = Treatment without video clips
The experimental group was taught writing narrative texts using video clips which contain music, song, and story, while the control group was taught writing
narrative texts without using video clips. Both groups were taught the same topic but using different in the media in teaching it. The story writing pretest was given
to the both groups before the video clips as media were given to the experimental group. Then, the story writing posttest was given later to the both groups after the
treatment. The results of the pretest and the posttest were counted statistically.
Table 3.1 The Table for Procedure of Experiment
Experimental Group Control Group
1. I gave story writing pretest about
Cinderella to get the students’ pretest scores.
1. I gave story writing pretest about
Cinderella to get the students’ pretest scores.
2. I analyzed the students’ pretest
scores from the experimental group and compared the scores to the
students’ pretest scores from the control group to measure the
students’ achievement on writing 2.
I analyzed the students’ pretest scores from the control group and
compared the scores to the students’ pretest scores from the
experimental group to measure the students’ achievement on writing
39
test before giving the treatment. test before giving the treatment.
3. I taught writing narrative text by
using video clips with music, song and story as media. In this research,
video clips from Emily Osment entitled Once Upon a Dream and
Avril Lavigne entitled Alice Underground were used.
3. I taught writing narrative text by
using series of pictures as media without using video clips as
media. In this research, the series of pictures which were used were
about Alice in the Wonderland and Sleeping Beauty.
4. I gave some exercises to the
students using video clips with music, song and story as media.
4. I gave some exercises to the
students using series of pictures without using video clips as
media.
5. I gave story writing posttest about
Cinderella to get the students’ posttest scores.
5. I gave story writing posttest about
Cinderella to get the students’ posttest scores.
6. I analyzed the students’ posttest
scores from the experimental group and compared the scores to the
students’ posttest scores from the control group to measure the
students’ achievement on writing test after giving the treatment.
6. I analyzed the students’ posttest
scores from the control group and compared the scores to the
students’ posttest scores from the experimental group to measure the
students’ achievement on writing test after giving the treatment.
3.5 Instrument of the Study
