2.1.1.4 Vocabulary in Senior High School
Students in senior high schools in Indonesia are the EFL learners. It will be better if the EFL students learn more about vocabulary since vocabulary is one
of the English elements that can support the students’ ability in English. In senior high school, the students can learn vocabulary through the four skills they get in
learning English. However, the learners will get more knowledge in vocabulary, especially the word meanings and forms. They emphasize the learning of
vocabulary on the meaning and the forms of the words. Senior high school students who learn English as a foreign language in
Indonesia are included in beginner level. There are about six to eight hundred academic words which frequently occur in academic texts Nation, 1990.
Vocabulary learning can be done while learning the four skills in English, but the emphasis is more on comprehension and productive skills. The students can learn
vocabulary more from the various reading and listening passage. The more the students read or listen to the various passages, the more vocabulary they learn,
especially the form and the meaning. The meanings of the words can be explored more through the different
level of readings Lehr, 2001. The students will master the vocabulary more through reading and speaking skills, but it is possible to get vocabulary through
the other skills, such as listening and writing Nation, 1990. The understanding of word meanings and forms are very important for the learners in the beginning
level of English as foreign language learning. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
2.1.2 Understanding of Academic Words
Vocabulary is knowledge of words and word meanings. Vocabulary can be divided into two forms, they are: receptive and productive vocabulary. According
to Lehr, 2001, productive vocabulary is the words used when someone is speaking or writing, while receptive vocabulary is the words used when someone
is listening or reading. Vocabulary can also be said as the kind of words that have to be mastered by the people who learn English as a foreign language.
Academic words refer to the words learned and operated in academic environments in English also need to be familiar with a special type of formal
vocabulary that is common in academic discourse. Academic words are the words in the next level below the specialist words or it can be called as sub-technical
words which occur in a number of disciplines Jordan, 1997. There are three parts of academic vocabulary which are appropriate for teaching learning with research
graduates. They are: a. the research process: the vocabulary is verbs and nouns, b. the vocabulary of analysis: high-frequency and two-word verbs, c. the
vocabulary of evaluation: adjectives and adverbs that occur in reviews, critiques, and some reports.
Coxhead says that academic words can be supportive elements in the process of teaching and learning English as a foreign language as in Schmitt and
Schmitt, 2005. These words can be provided in texts which the students learn and they can support the productive skills of the students, such as: speaking and
writing. If the students have good mastery on academic vocabulary, the students can have better result in their productive skills. For example, Coxhead compiled a
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