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a. Definition
According to Steele 2005, mind mapping is a strategy for making notes on a topic, which is prior to writing. It is a structured strategy, which shows the
hierarchical relationship of ideas, as opposed to an unstructured strategy, such as brainstorming, in which students produce notes randomly on a paper. Buzan and
Buzan 1994, p.59 says that mind mapping is an expression of Radiant Thinking and therefore it is a natural function of the human mind. It is a powerful graphic
technique which provides a universal key to unlock the potential of the brain. Buzan and Buzan 1994, p. 84 also state that it harnesses the full range of cortical
skills-word, image, number, logic, rhythm, color and spatial awareness- in a single, uniquely powerful manner.
b. Process
According to Buzan and Buzan 1994, p. 93, there are three basic instructions in the process of creating mind mapping. Those basic instructions are
called the three „A‟s; „Accept‟, „Apply‟, and „Adapt‟. Buzan and Buzan 1994 write that in the first stage, the users should follow the mind mapping laws
exactly, imitating the models given as precisely as the users can. In the „Apply‟, the users create a minimum of 100 mind mapping. For the third stage, Buzan and
Buzan 1994 state that this is the time to do the experiments with ways of adapting the mind mapping form.
Mind mapping laws are divided into the laws of techniques and the laws of layout. The laws of technique consist of four stages. Namely using emphasis,
association, being clear and developing a personal style. The laws of layout have PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
22 two stages, namely using hierarchy and using numerical order Buzan Buzan,
1994, p. 93. In this study, mind mapping is a tool for the students to improve their
speaking skill. Mind mapping technique is the best technique to teach students in senior high school because it is simple. Besides, this is the simple technique,
students are also easy to remember their idea when they write their own mind mapping.
B. Theoretical Framework
In this section, the writer synthesizes all basic theories discussed in the theoretical description. The theories are about mind mapping and speaking skill.
This study aims to design a set of speaking instructional materials using mind mapping for the 11
th
grade students of SMA N 1 Ngaglik. In this study, speaking activity refers to an action when students try to share their ideas to other people
with their own perception and it is also a skill how they can deliver the content for other people. Furthermore, the writer uses the theories of teaching speaking
principles based on Scrivener 1998, Harmer 1991 and Larsen 2000 to observe the English lesson in the school and to analyze the characteristics of the
learners. The writer also uses CLT as the approach of this study.
This study uses mind mapping as a tool for students to improve their speaking skill that make students easy to remember their idea Vanessa Stelle,
2005. This study also uses instructional designed model proposed by Kemp 1977 and Yalden
1987. Kemp‟s model has eight parts of instructional design, PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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