Acronym and Abbreviation Word Formation Process a. Affixation

Table 3. Semantic Features Table Horse Boy Man Girl Woman Animate + + + + + + Human - + + + + + Female - - - - + + Adult - - - + - + There are four types procedures to analyze in componential analysis are naming, paraphrasing, defining and classifying. The first process, naming is similar to reference but there is different perspective. Naming is the specific act of designating such a referent. In naming process the procedural steps number 2 and 5 are relevant to do the analysis. 46 Second, paraphrasing is process of explaining a distinctive feature of a word. For example, uncle can be defined as my father’s brother or my mother’s brother. 47 It means that paraphrase is a process of describing or explaining a word for getting a meaning. Third, defining is simply another form of paraphrase. Defining combines the appropriate referents of paraphrase to be a single statement that related to the referent in question. 48 Last, classifying is process of relating some words in similar feature to get a meaning for such group. 49 46 Eugene A. Nida. Componential Analysis of Meaning. London: University Press, 1979, p.64-65. 47 Ibid.p.65 48 Ibid. p.65. 49 Ibid. p.66.

6. Procedural Steps in the Analysis of Diagnostic Components

There are six procedural steps in analyzing diagnostic components based on Nida. 50 The first step is procedure for analyzing, meanings which appear to be closely related are selected tentatively. The meaning of father, mother, son, daughter, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, nephew, niece, and cousin, for instance, all share the components of being applicable to human beings and related to either blood or marriage. 51 The second step is listing all the specific kinds of referents for each of the meaning belonging to the domain in question. For example, father and mother, as related to any one ego, there would presumably be only one referent. This second step in procedure should, however, be regarded as ending at that point when one has listed the various objects, events, abstracts, etc. which may be designated by a particular semantic unit. 52 Third, determining those components which may be true of meaning of one or more terms, but not of all the terms in question. For example, the component of female sex is only true for mother, aunt, daughter, sister, and niece, while the component of male sex is true for father, uncle, son, brother and nephew. 53 The fourth step is determining the diagnostic component applicable to each meaning. The meaning of father, for example, may be indicated as possessing the component: male sex, one ascending generation, and direct 50 Eugene A. Nida. Componential Analysis of Meaning. London: University Press, 1979, p.54. 51 Ibid. p.54-55. 52 Ibid. p.55. 53 Ibid.p.55.