Conversion Clipping Word Formation Process a. Affixation

lunch. 27 Another literature also classifies blends into two types, the right- headed where the first source word modifies the second, for the example motel which the meaning is a kind of hotel, and coordinating where both have equal status, for the example spork which the meaning is equally spoon and fork. However, there is one type of blends, the left-headed, as the example acceleread built by the word accelerate and read, which the word accelerate is the head where the meaning is a kind of accelerate. 28 In spite of the semantic properties of blends, the next is about the prosodic properties of blends. The basic rule of words in the second type is the first part of the first element combined with the second part of second element as quoted from Bauer. This can be formulated as a rule, with A, B, C and D, referring to the respective parts of the elements involved: 29 Blending rule A B + C D → AD As evidenced by guesstimate, B or C can be null, one of the two forms may appear in its full form. Taking the orthographic representation, guesstimate does not truncate the first element B is null while taking the orthographic representation, the word estimate is not truncated, hence C is null. Similar examples can be found. There is only one veritable exception 27 Ingo Plag. Word-Formation in English. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 2003, p.122. 28 Katherine Shaw, Andrew White, Elliott Moreto, and Fabian Monrose. Emergent Faithfulness to Morphological and Semantic Heads in Lexical Blends. United States: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 2014, p.2, accessed from http:journals.linguisticsociety.orgproceedingsindex.phpamphonologyarticleview4551 29 Plag, op. cit., p.123. to this pattern in the dataabove, namely modem, where the blend structure AC instead of AD modulator-demodulator. 30 The rule of speaker cutting the base word to make a blend word is not arbitrary but constrained by prosodic categories. From the data above, there are two types of restrictions. The first has to do with syllable structure the second with the size. Firstly, the syllable structure are introduced. The structure of a syllable was described as having four constituents- onset, nucleus, coda, with nucleus and coda forming the so- called rime. Applying this structural model to the data above, it can be seen that in the truncation process the constituents of syllables are left intact. Only syllabic constituent as a whole can be deleted. In monosyllabic blends, for example, they take either the onset of the first element and the rime of the second element, or onset and nucleus of the first element and the coda of the second. As the following example: 31 Combinations of syllabic constituents in monosyllabic blends, applying the blending rule AB + CD → AD 30 Ingo Plag. Word-Formation in English. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 2003, p.123. 31 Ibid. p.123-124.