Significance of the Study Definition of Translation

1.4 Significance of the Study

This thesis is intended to be helpful theoretically and practically. Theoretically, this thesis analyses the strategies and the categories of the cultural terms in the subtitling of “Memoirs of a Geisha” movie. Therefore, the English’s students can understand the strategies and the categories in translation according to translation’s experts, so they can analyze that for their assigment, especially for students that want to analyze the cultural terms. Practically, this thesis can be used as references to study about the strategies and the categories of the cultural terms in the translation. Universitas Sumatera Utara CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2.1 Definition of Translation

There are some definitons of translation and the following definitions have been selected. Bell 1991:6 also says Translation is the replacement of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text in a second language. Nida and Taber 1982:12 state ‘translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in the term of meaning secondly in the term of style’. Kridalaksana 1999:19, “Penerjemahan sebagai pemindahan suatu amanat dari bahasa sumber ke dalam bahasa sasaran dengan pertama-tama mengungkapkan maknanya dan kemudian gaya bahasanya”. Translation as transferring a message from SL to the TL by firstly expresses the meaning and then the style of language. Newmark 1988 states translation is an instrument of education and instrument in transmitting culture. Foreign communities have their own language structures and their own cultures, their own way of thinking and of expressing themselves, but all these can be explained by translation. He also gives the procedures to translate the cultural terms. He suggests that the translators should discuss the author’s life or general background to help them to understand the next. Newmark 1982 says translation theory attempt to give some insignt into the relation between thought, meaning, and language; included the understanding of cultures. He tries to emphasize that a translator has to bear in the intention of the original in mind through out his work; the same emotional and persuasive intentions as the original and the cultural flavour of the SL text. Dubois 1991: 5 says, “Translation is the expression in another language or target language of what has been expressed in another, source language, preserving semantic and stylistic equivalences. Bell 1991:6 also says Translation is the replacement of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text in a second language. Universitas Sumatera Utara Based on those definitions above, it can be concluded that translation is an expression of transferring the original message of the original author into another language by using the exact meaning of words or the equivalent one and in terms of style.

2.2 Process of Translations