Eponyms, Nicknames, and Geographical Names
Eponyms, Nicknames, and Geographical Names
Aardvark US F-111 fighter-
Adventure Captain Kidd’s pi- bomber
acid rock synthesized music
associated with drug use
rate ship
AE George William Russell Bentley’s pseudonym
A Bachelor of Arts P h y l l i s
Aco Michel Accault (La Salle’s
Aegean Ethicist Aristotle abandoned woman nickname
lieutenant)
Aerospace Valley California’s for a prostitute
Acronym Islands I n d o n e s i a
Antelope Valley Abba Dabba Jim Tobin (base-
where politicians delight in
creating acronyms for every
Aesthetic Post-Impressionist
Vasili Kandinski Abbé Sieyès Emmanuel Jo-
ball player)
occasion
Affable Archangel Raphael seph Sieyès
Acropolis of America N ew
afghan afghan blanket; afghan abbott nembutal sleeping tab-
York City’s Morningside
hound (noted for its long silk- let (nicknamed for its pro-
Heights-site of Columbia
like coat and narrow head) ducer, Abbott Laboratories)
University
Africa in Miniature C a m e - Abby Abigail
Acton Bell p s e u d o ny m o f
roon Abdul the Damned Sultan Ab-
Anne Brontë
Ada Adelaida; Adelaide
African-American Abolition-
dul-Hamud II of Turkey
Adam Hall Elleston Trevor’s
ist-Author-Editor-Orator
Abe nickname for a $5-bill
Frederick Douglass bearing Lincoln’s portrait
pseudonym
Adam Smith George JW Good-
African-American Astrono-
Abigail Van Buren Pa u l i n e
man’s pseudonym; 18th cen-
mer-Inventor-Mathemati-
cian Benjamin Banneker known as Dear Abby
Esther (Popo) Phillips, better
tury Scottish economist
Addie Ada; Adela; Adelaide;
African-American Botanist
Abolitionist Quaker E l i a s
Adelina; Adeline
Chemurgist-Educator
George Washington Carver Abominable Snowman b i g ,
Hicks
Addison’s disease adrenal cor-
tical defciency
African-American Explorer
hairy manlike creature be-
Matt(hew) A Henson who lieved by natives to inhabit
Adelina Patti A d e l a J u a n a
pushed Peary to the North the higher Himalayas (also
Maria Patti
Pole as well as helping him known as yeti)
Admirable Doctor E n g l i s h
survey the Nicaraguan canal Ab-o’-th’-Yate Benjamin Bri-
author-philosopher Francis
route erley
Bacon—Doctor mirabilis
Admiral of the Atlantic K a i -
African-American Messiah
Abu Zabi (Arabic-Abu Dhabi)
ser Wilhelm II
Booker T Washington
The Admiral Doctor R o g e r
Harriet Tubman Abyssinia Ethiopia
capital of the United Arab
African-American Moses
Emirates (UAE)
Bacon
Admiral of the Ocean Sea
African-American Movie Pio-
academy whorehouse
Christopher Columbus
neer Ralph Cooper
African Queen Mrs Ian Smith acapulco gold g o l d - t i n t e d ,
Admiral of the Pacific C z a r
of Salisbury, Rhodesia (now high-priced Mexican mari-
Nicholas II
Zimbabwe) juana
Admiralties Admiralty Islands
Africa’s big five Cape buffalo, accommodation houses B r i t -
Adobe State New Mexico
elephant, leopard, lion, rhi- ish nickname for brothels
Adonis from Congress Wa r-
noceros ace marijuana cigarette
ren Magnuson
Adonis of Fifty nickname of
Afro-America’s First Great
Ace of Spies Sidney Reilly
George IV
Poet Paul Laurence Dunbar
Acerbic American Critic
A-funk acid (LSD) funk, drug American Mercury’s HL
Adrian Hadrian
depression Mencken in the 1920s and
Adrian Girls ( d e l i n q u e n t )
Agate Capital Prineville, Ore- 1930s; American Spectator’s
Girls Training School at
gon R Emmett Tyrell, Jr in the
Adrian, Michigan
agates nembutal 1970s and 1980s
Adrianople former name of
Age of Extinction the 20th cen- Achmed Abdullah Alexander
Eridne
tury when the human popula- Nicholaievitch Romanov
Adriatic bowels diarrhea ac-
tion growth infringed on acid freak habitual LSD user
quired in Italy or other Adri-
wildlife habitat who exhibits bizarre behavior
atic countries
Age of Reptiles early meso- acid head habitual LSD user
Advance Agent of Emancipa-
tion Lucretia Mott
zoic era
Eponyms, Nicknames
Age of Uncertainty John Ken-
Alexander Girls A r k a n s a s neth Galbraith’s name for the
alacranes (Spanish—scorpi-
Training School for (delin- late 20th century
ons)—persons from the Mex-
quent) Girls at Alexander Age of Voltaire the Enlighten-
ican state of Durango
Alain pseudonym of Emile
Alexander of the North
Charles XII of Sweden Aggie Agatha; Agnes
ment
Chartier
Alexander Serarimovich A l - Agnes Lee Mrs Otto Freer
Alain-Fournier Henri-Alban
exander Serafimovich Popov Agnon Shmuel Yosef Agnon
Fournier’s pseudonym
Alexander Technique m a s - pseudonym of Samuef Josef
Alameda Bernardo O’Higgins
sage and physical-manipula- Czaczkes
Las Delicias
tion therapy developed by F Agnostic Penologist C o l o n e l
Alamo City San Antonio, Texas
Mathias Alexander Robert Green Ingersoll
Alan Alda A l p h o n s o
Alexandretta Iskenderun (1833–1899) who lectured
d’Abruzzo
Alexandria Egyptian port city and wrote about Crimes
of El Iskandariya Against Criminals as well as
Alan Hovhaness Alan Hov-
Alexandrian Century the 4th Cruelty in the Elmira Refor-
haness Chakmakjian
Alan King Irving Kniberg
century before the Christian matory
era when Alexander of Mace- Agrarian Champion E m i l -
Alaric Cottin Voltaire’s nick-
donia conquered Egypt, Per- iano Zapata of Mexico
name for Frederick the Great
Alas Leopoldo Alas y Ureña
sia, and India as well as en-
Agricola Alexander Ackerman, couraging Greek philosophers
Alaskan Ports (south to north)
composer; George Bauer, and poets—the 300s
Ketchikan, Wrangell, Peters-
German minerologgist; Jo- Alexes ten-dollar bills bearing
burg, Sitka. Juneau, Cordova,
hannes Sneider or Schnitter, the portrait of America’s first
Seward, Anchorage, Kodiak,
Protestant reformer; Martin Secretary of the Treasury, Al-
Dutch Harbor, Adak Naval
Sohr, composer; Roelof exander Hamilton
Station, Nome
Huysman, Dutch musi- Alfalfa Bill Governor William
Alaska’s Scenic Capital J u -
cian-painterscholar Henry Murray of Oklahoma
neau
Alaska turkey Alaska salmon
AgriculturaI Wizard of Tuske-
Alfonso XIII León Fernando
gee George Washington María Isídro Pascual António
Albany beef H u d s o n R ive r
Carver Alfred, Lord Tennyson Alfred
sturgeon
Tennyson (1st Baron Tenny- Agritainment farms open to
Albaturkey Albuquerque, New
son—poet laureate of En- public tours
Mexico
gland from 1850 until 1892) Aguecheek Charles B Fair-
Albemarle Island, Galápagos
Algerian onyx stalagmitic cal- banks
Isabela
cite A-head acid head; LSD user;
Albert the Good Prince Albert
Algerian Ports Annab (Bone), amphetamine addict
Francis Charles Augustus
Skikda, Bejaia, Alger (Alg- Ai Florence Anthony
Emmanuel of Saxe-Coburg-
Gotha, Prince Consort of
iers), Mostaganem, Arzew,
Air Capital of America
Oran, Mers el Kebir Wichita, Kansas
Queen Victoria
Alberto Moravia A l b e r t o
Alhambra ( A r a b i c — R e d
Air Capital of the World
House)—ancient Moorish Montreal, Quebéc—head-
Pincherle
castle in Granada whence the quarters of the International
Alberto Savinio A n d r e a d e
Moors ruled most of Spain Civil Aviation Organization
Chirico
from 711 to 1492 and the International Air
Albert’s disease inflammation
Algonquin Circle F(ranklin) Transport Association
of the bursae over the Achilles
P(ierce) A(dams), Robert Air-Conditioned City D u -
tendon
Benchley, Heywood Broun, luth, Minnesota
Albertville Kalima, Zaire
Irvin S Cobb, Edna Ferber, Air Mike Air Micronesia
George S Kaufman, Ring Airtourer single-engine trainer
Albion Britain’s ancient name
Albuquerque Girls New Mex-
ico Girls Welfare Home at Al-
Lardner, Harpo Marx, Dor- othy Parker, Harold Ross,
plane built by Aero Engine
Robert E Sherwood, Alex- Services of New Zealand
buquerque
ander Woolcott, and others Ajax Annie Besant’s pseud-
Albuturkey Albuquerque, NM
who met informally around onym when working with
Al Capp Alfred Gerald Caplin
the bar of the Algonquin Ho- Charles Bradlaugg for free
Alcibiades Alfred Lord Tenny-
tel or in the offices of The New thought and population con-
son
Yorker trol in Great Britain
Alcofribas Nasier F r a n ç o i s
Al Hirt Alois Maxwell Hirt Akhiar formerly Sevastopol
Rabelais
The Alice Alice Springs, North- Akmechet formerly Simfer-
Alec Waugh Alexander Raban
ern Territory, Australia opol
Waugh
Alice B Toklas brownie cookie Alabama Port Mobile
Aleksei Maksimovich Pesh-
kov Maxim Gorki
with baked-in marijuana
Eponyms, Nicknames
Alice Cooper Vincent Furnier
American Agnostics Clarence Alice Faye Alice Leppert
Alte Fritz ( G e r m a n — O l d
Darrow, Felix Frankfurter, Alice Markova Alice Marks
Fritz)—Frederick the Great
of Prussia
Robert G Ingersoll, Ben B
Alien-and-Sedition President
Lindsey, Henry L Mencken John Adams
Alter Steffl ( G e r m a n — O l d
Stevie)—Stephen’s Cathedral
American Apostle of Nonvio-
Alize Breguet carrier-based
lent Disobedience M a r t i n three-place antisubmarine
in Vienna
Luther King, Jr warfare aircraft
Alto Peru ( S p a n i s h — H i g h
American Arctic Alaska north Al Jolson Asa Yoelson
Peru)—Bolivia
of the Arctic Circle; the North Alkyd Winsor & Newton’s
Pole reached by Americans trade name for alkyd-base
Amazonia Brazil’s Amazon
Robert E Peary and Matthew watercolors
River basin
Henson in 1909 All All Alligator Alley
Amazon of the Keyboard
Teresa Carreño
American Atheist Epigram-
All-American Boy Jack Arm- matists Ambrose Bierce, strong
Ambassador of the Air
M a r k Tw a i n , a n d H L All-American Mirror U p t o n
Charles A Lindbergh
Mencken Sinclair
Ambassador of Good Will
American Atheists Luther Bur- All Bunny Albany, New York
Will Rogers
bank, Thomas Edison, Eman- Allenwood Camp F e d e r a l
A.M. Bernard Louisa Mae Al-
uel Haldeman-Julius, Ayn Prison Camp at Allenwood,
cott
Rand, Margaret Sanger, Gor- Pennsylvania
Amdahl’s Law a c o m p u t e r
don Stein Alligator Alley trans-Florida
system’s speed is determined
by its slowest components
American Ballad Composer
Stephen Collins Foster derdale on the Atlantic coast
highway between Fort Lau-
(for Gene Amdahl)
American Balladeer Pa u l and Naples on the Gulf of
Robeson Mexico
America of the East Poland,
American Balzac Wi l l i a m Alligators Floridians
according to Lech Walesa
Faulkner Alligator State Alabama, Flor-
America of the North Green-
The American Beauty B i l l i e ida, Louisiana, Mississippi,
land, according to Franklin
Delano Roosevelt
Dove (Lillian Bohny)
and Texas American Beauty Rose o ff i-
America of the South Panama
Canal
All-the-Talents Administra-
cial flower of Washington,
tion Prime Minister William D.C.; nickname sometimes Wyndham Grenville
America South of the Equator
given young women—Amer- Alma Gluck Reba Fierson
American Samoa
ican Beauty Roses Almanac Trial 1858 case won
America of the West Guam
American Caesar G e n e r a l by Abraham Lincoln when he
American American aloe (cen-
Douglas MacArthur held up an almanac to show
tury plant); American beauty
American Cato Samuel Ad- that since there was no moon
(crimson rose); American
ams on the night of a murder, a
buffalo (bison); American
American Century the 20th witness could not have seen
cheddar (also called Ameri-
century marked by invention his client commit murder
can cheese or store cheese);
American cheese (cheddar);
and industrial activity, dis-
Almirante del Mar Oceano
covery of the North Pole, (Spanish—Admiral of the
American cloth (oil-cloth);
landing of men on the moon, Ocean Sea), title given Chris-
American cotton (upland cot-
ton); American-English
victory in two world wars, de- votion to the democratic
topher Columbus by Queen
(American-style English);
ideal—the 1900s American Chronicler J o h n
Isabella la Católica who also
American fingering (piano);
Dos Passos ered
made him viceroy and gover-
American fries (hashed
nor of all the lands he discov-
brown potatoes); American
leopard (jaguar); American
American Comedians Abbott and Costello, Fred Allen,
Almost-Impeached President
Amos and Andy, Lucille Ball, Andrew Johnson, Richard M.
lobster (Canadian or New En-
gland large-clawed species);
Jack Benny and Rochester (Eddie Anderson), Edgar Ber-
Nixon
American Morse (code);
Aloha State Hawaii
gen, Milton Berle, Josh Bill- Aloysha (Russian nickname—
American plan (fixed hotel
ings, Victor Borge, Albert Aleksei)—Alex; Alexander
rate including board and
Brooks, Mel Brooks, Alpine Principality Liechten-
food), (food plus room and
(George) Burns and (Gracie) stein
bath); American rig (oil rig);
Allen, Sid Caesar, Eddie Can- Alpine Republic Switzerland
American sable (pine mar-
tor, George Carlin, Diahann Altamont, Catawba T h o m a s
ten); American School (of art-
Carroll, Johnny Carson, Wolfe’s fictitious name for
ists, economists, etc.); Amer-
Charlie Chaplin, Bill Cosby, Asheville, North Carolina
ican twist (tennis) other
American categories or items
Billy Crystal, Sammy Davis,
Eponyms, Nicknames
Jr, Phyllis Diller, Jimmy Du- rante, WC Fields, Redd Foxx, Great Gildersleeve, Jackie Gleason, Whoopi Goldberg, George B Hicks, Bob Hope, Danny Kaye, Buster Keaton, (Stan) Laurel and (Oliver) Hardy, Jay Leno, David Let- terman, Sam Levinson, Harold Lloyd, Sam Lucas, Jackie (Moms) Mabley, Steve Martin, the Marx Brothers (see Marx Brothers), Florence Mills, Eddie Murphy, Petro- leum V Nasby, Bill Nye, Pat Paulson, Paula Poundstone, Will Rogers, Mark Russell, Bobby Short, Red Skelton, Lily Tomlin, Peter Ustinov, Bert Williams, Robin Will- iams
American Commoner Wi l l - iam Jennings Bryan
American Composer-Pianist
Louis Moreau Gottschalk American Composers S a m - uel Barber, Leonard Bern- stein, William Billings, Aaron Copland, Norman Dello Joio, Stephen Foster, George Ger- shwin, Louis Moreau Gottschalk, Morton Gould, Howard Hanson, Victor Her-
b e r t , A l a n H ov h a n e s s , Charles Ives, Edward Mac- Dowell, Gian Carlo-Menotti, Walter Piston, Wallingford Riegger, William Schuman, John Philip Sousa. Virgil Thomson
American Conservationists
John Muir, William T Horn- day, Williard G Van Name
American-Cowboy Comedian- Humorist Commentator-
Philosopher Will Rogers American Critic H ( e n r y ) L(ouis) Mencken
American Crusader for Reli-
gious Liberty Roger Will- iams
American Demosthenes Rob- ert Ingersoll American disease narcotic ad- diction
American Documentary Film
Pioneer Robert Flaherty American (Bald) Eagle s y m - bol of the United States American-English Poet T h o - mas Stearns Eliot
American Etchers Joseph Pen-
nell and James Abbott Mc- Neill Whistler
American Expatriate Painters
Benjamin West and James Ab- bott McNeill Whistler
American Filibuster William
Walker (1824–1860) who in- vaded Baja California, So- nora, and Nicaragua attempt- ing to become the head of Central America
American Film Pioneer
David Wark Griffith
American Founder of
Women’s Suffrage E l i z a - beth Cady Stanton (founder and first president of the Na- tional Woman Suffrage Asso- ciation)
American Frontier Romanti-
cist James Fenimore Cooper
American Gateway to Alaska
and the Orient Seattle American Heartland Illinois,
Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin
American Hellenist F r a n k
Mortyn
American Historical Painter
Emmanuel Leutzé
American Humanist Philoso-
pher John Dewey American Humorists George
Ade, Steve Allen, Woody Allen, Steven L Anreder, Rus- sell Baker, Robert Benchley, Ambrose Bierce, Erma Bombeck, Art Buchwald, Al Capp, Johnny Carson, Irwin
B Corey, ee cummings, Fin- ley Peter Dunne, TS Eliot, William Faulkner, Benjamin Franklin, Lewis Grizzard, Joel Chandler Harris, Bret Harte, O Henry, Oliver Wen- dell Holmes, Art Hoppe, Washington Irving, Vachel Lindsay, Don Marquis, Grou- cho Marx, HL Mencken, Ger- ald Nachman, Ogden Nash, George Jean Nathan, SJ Per- elman, James Whitcomb Ri- ley, Will Rogers, Leo Rosten, Damon Runyon, Morrie Rys- kind, Mort Sahl, R Emmett Tyrell, Jr, Mark Twain, Arte- mus Ward, Diane White, Rob- ert Yoakum
American Ice Master J a c k -
son Haines
American Illustrators A n t o n Otto Fischer, Howard Pyle, Norman Rockwell, N C Wy- eth
American Impressionist
Childe Hassam
American Industrial Painter
Charles Sheeler American Infidel C o l o n e l Robert G Ingersoll, agnostic attorney and public speaker, also known as the American Demosthenes; Luther Bur- bank
American Karl Marx Daniel De Leon—born in Curacao, educated in Germany and the Netherlands, founded the So- cialist Labor Party (SLP) and the International Workers of the World (IWW) in New York City
American Landscape Paint-
ers Albert Bierstad, George Caleb Bingham, James Brit- ton, Frederic Church, Thomas Cole, Arthur Dove, Asher Brown Durand, Edward Hop- per, Henry Inman, George In- ness, J Francis Murphy, Geor- gia O’Keeffe, Grant Wood, and Alexander Helwig Wyant
American Libertarian Philos- opher, Natural Scientist, Printer, and Publisher
Benjamin Franklin American Libertarians T h o - mas Jefferson, Thomas Paine, Robert Ingersoll, Clarence Darrow
American Lighthouse Painter
Edward Hopper
American Lithographer
(Nathaniel) James (Merritt) Ives
American Medical Historian
William Henry Welch American Melodist S t e p h e n Foster American Modern J a c k s o n Pollock American Montaigne R a l p h Waldo Emerson
American National Composer
John Philip Sousa
American Neurologist
Extraordinary Silas Weir Mitchell
American Nine b e s t - k n ow n classical composers arranged chronologically: MacDowell,
Eponyms, Nicknames
Ives, Piston, Hanson, Gersh-
American Woodsman J o h n win, Copland, Barber, Hov-
American Primitive Painters
James Audubon haness, Bernstein
Edward Hicks, Grandma
Moses
American Wordsworth Will-
American Operetta Compos-
iam Cullen Bryant ers Irving Berlin, George M
American Propagandist Nov-
The Americas North, Central, Cohan, Victor Herbert, Jer-
elist Upton Sinclair
and South America; the West- ome Kern, Frederick Loewe,
American Prose-Poetry Novel-
ern Hemisphere Cole Porter, Richard Rodgers,
ist Thomas Wolfe
America’s Bermuda R h o d e Vincent Youmans
American Railroad Barons
Jay Gould; Edward H Harri-
Island’s Block Island
American Orator Extraordi-
America’s Best Girl Gertrude nary Robert G Ingersoll and
man; James J Hill; Collis P
Ederle, first woman to swim Franklin D Roosevelt
Huntington; William H
the English Channel American Paradise U.S. Vir-
Vanderbilt
America’s Burns John Green- gin Islands
American Rebel Upton Sin-
leaf Whittier American Patriot Author Th-
clair
America’s Cicero R i c h a r d omas Paine
American Samoan Port Pago
Henry Lee American Pestalozzi A m o s
Pago
America’s Dairyland Wiscon- Bronson Alcott
American Sappho S a r a h
Wentworth Apthorp Morton
sin
American Photographers of
America’s Devil’s Island mil- Distinction Berenice Ab-
of Braintree and Quincy,
itary prison at Fort Jefferson bott, Ansel Adams, Diane Ar-
Massachusetts
in the Dry Tortugas west of bus, Peter Beard, Mathew B
American Scott James Feni-
Key West, Florida Brady, Julia Margaret Cam-
more Cooper
America’s Finest City S a n eron, Robert Capa, Imogen
American Sculptors D a n i e l
Diego, California’s nickname Cunningham, Walker Evans,
Chester French, Borglum,
America’s First College H a r- Robert Frank, Arnold Genthe,
Brancusi, Epstein, Lachaise,
Manship, Moore, Smith, St
vard
Gaudens, Ward, and Zorach
America’s First Colonizers
Ralph Gibson, JK Hillers, William Henry Jackson, Ger-
Roger Williams of Rhode Is- trude Käsebier, Jill Krementz,
American Skeptic Philoso-
pher George Santayana
land and William Penn of
Pennsylvania Dorothea Lange, Clarence
American Socrates Benjamin
John Laughlin, Annie Leibo-
Franklin
America’s First Financier
vitz, J Ghislain Lootens,
Robert Morris Mary Ellen Mark, Edward
American Spokesmen for
Socialism Eugene V Debs,
America’s First Great Writer
Muybridge, Timothy O’Sulli-
Washington Irving, James van, Roy Pinney, Galen Row-
Daniel De Leon, and Norman
Fenimore Cooper, or Edgar ell, Edward Steichen, Alfred
Thomas
Allan Poe Stieglitz, Paul Strand, Edward
American Temple of Music
America’s First Poet P h i l i p Weston, Clarence H White,
Carnegie Hall
Frenau Margaret Bourke White,
Americans United Americans
America’s First Resort New- James Van Der Zee, Willard
United for Separation of
port, Rhode Island Van Dyke
Church and State (AUSCS)
America’s First Suffragist American Portrait Painters
American Virgin Islands S t
Thomas, St John, St Croix,
Abigail Smith Adams
and other Virgin Islands
America’s First Woman News-
James Britton, John Singleton Copley, Henry Inman, East-
American Virgins U.S. Virgin
paper Publisher Elizabeth Timothy of the South Caro-
man Johnson, John Singer
Islands
lina Gazette published in Sargent, Eugene Edward Spe-
American West Indies Amer-
Charleston icher, the Peale family, Gil-
ican Virgin Islands, Common-
bert Stuart, Thomas Sully,
wealth of Puerto Rico, islands
America’s Foremost Free-
thinker Robert Ingersoll James Abbott McNeill Whis-
of Culebra, Vieques, and Mona, Navassa, Swan Is-
America’s Forgotten Photog-
rapher Timothy O’Sullivan American Ports (see entries
tler
lands, Corn Islands, and cer-
America’s Godfather T h o - under states and territories
tain coral reefs in Caribbean
mas Paine such as Alabama Port, Amer-
American Womanist A l i c e
Walker
America’s Great Winter Gar-
ican Samoan Port, California
den Imperial Valley, Califor- Ports, etc.)
American Women Reformers
Jane Addams, Susan
nia
American Practical Naviga-
America’s Ice Box Alaska tor Nathaniel Bowditch
B(rownell) Anthony, Eliza-
America’s Inside Fun City American Pragmatist Trinity
beth Cady Stanton, Ida M(in-
New York (concert halls, the- John Dewey, William James,
erva) Tarbell, Lillian D Wald,
aters, opera houses, muse- Charles Sanders Pierce
and Frances Elizabeth Wil-
lard
ums)
Eponyms, Nicknames
America’s Largest State
Andrew Furuseth Anders An- Alaska
America’s Sweetheart M a r y
Pickford
dreassen
America’s Last Frontier
Andrew Garve Paul Winterton Alaska
America’s Tropical Islands
Hawaiian Islands and the Vir-
Andrew York C h r i s t o p h e r
America’s Last Great Wilder-
Nicole’s ness Alaska
gin Islands
America’s Wintergarden
Andropov Stalinist name for
America’s Leading Operetta
Rybinsk Composer Victor Herbert
Southern California’s Impe-
rial Valley
Angel of the Battlefield Clara
America’s Leading Proletar-
Barton ian Writer John Dos Passos
Amiable Atheist Paul Hein-
Angel of the Bottomless Pit America’s Most Famous Naval
rich Dietrich von Holbach,
the Devil Hero Admiral David G Far-
known to friends as Baron
angel dust p h e n cy c l i d i n e ragut
d’Holbach
Ami des Hommes (French—
(PCP)
America’s Most Useful Citi-
Angelenos residents of Los An- zen Jane Addams—author
Friend of Mankind)— Mar-
geles, California o f Tw e n t y Ye a r s a t
quis de Mirabeau
Angelic Doctor T h o m a s Hull-House
Ami du Peuple ( F r e n c h —
Friend of the People)—Jean
Aquinas
America’s Newest Big City
Angie Dickinson A n g e l i n e Miami, Florida
Paul Marat; the revolutionary
journal he edited
America’s No 1 Composer-
Brown Musician Aaron Copland
Amiri Baraka LeRoi Jones
Ammonia King E d wa r d
Angolan Ports A m b r i z ,
America’s Nonsense Poet
Mallinckrodt
Luanda, Porto Amboim,
Novo Redondo, Lobito, Ben- Ogden Nash
Amos and Andy Freeman F
guela, Mocamedes, Porto Al-
America’s Official Poets Lau-
exandre reate Robert Penn Warren,
Gosden and Charles J Correll
angora a breed of long-hair cat Richard Wilbur, Howard
Anarchist Geographers Prince
originally from Angora (An- seph Brodsky, Mona Van
Peter Kropotkin, Elisée Re-
Nemerov, Mark Strand, Jo-
kara), Turkey; long hair goats Duyn, Rita Dove, Robert
clus
or rabbits originally from An- Hass, Robert Pinsky, Stanley
Anarchist Protagonist Michael
gora; long and fluffy strands Kunitz
Bakunin
of wool America’s Oldest City St Au-
Anatole France Jacques Ana-
Angora Turkey’s old name for gustine, Florida
tole, François Thibault
Anatolia Asia Minor
Ankara; long-haired breeds of
America’s Outback Montana cats, goats, and rabbits
Anatomist of Humanity J e a n
Baptiste Poquelin Molière
America South of the Equator
Angora Goat Capital R o c k - American Samoa
Ancient Capital of England
Winchester
springs, Texas
America’s Outside Fun City
Angry Eagle of Aviation
General William (Billy) year-round outside sports)
Ancient Capital of Sweden
San Diego (bays, mountains,
Sigtuna
Ancient Universities of
Mitchell
America’s Poet Laureate
Animist Nation Dahomey Henry Wadsworth Longfel-
Ankara Ancyra or Angora low
England Cambridge and
Oxford
Andean America ( n o r t h t o
Anna Akhmatova Anna An-
America’s Practical Naviga-
dreyevna Gorenko tor Nathaniel Bowditch—
south) Venezuela, Colombia,
Annaba Bone, Algeria compiler of The American
Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Ar-
Annabella Suzanne Georgette Practical Navigator
gentina, Chile
Andean Common Market
Carpentier
America’s Premier Air
Anna O Bertha Pappenheim— Woman Amelia Earhart—
Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador,
feminist crusader against first aviatrix to fly across the
Peru, Venezuela (Andean Pact
white slavery and first person Atlantic
Nations)
to be psychoanalyzed America’s Premier City New
Andean Group Bolivia, Co-
Annapolis of the Air P e n s a - York
lombia, Ecuador, Peru, Vene-
zuela
cola, Florida
America’s Principal Port
Anna Seghers Netty Radvanyi New York
Andean Lands Argentina, Bo-
livia, Chile, Colombia, Ecua-
Anne Bancroft Anna Maria
America’s Proudest Musical
Italiano Possession Carnegie Hall
dor, Peru, Venezuela
Andrea del Sarto Andrea Do-
Anne Morrow Mrs Charles
America’s Road Rage Thera-
Lindbergh pist Arnold Norenberg
menico d’Agnolo di
Ann Harding Dorothy Gatley America’s Second City C h i -
Francesco
Annie Oakley Phoebe Anne cago
Andrei Sinyavsky A b r a m
Tertz
Oakley Mozee
America’s Star-Spangled Sati-
Annie’s Town Anniston, Ala- rist Mark Russell
Andre Maurois E m i l e
Salomon Wilhelm Herzog
bama
Eponyms, Nicknames
Ann Landers Esther Pauline
Apple Island Tasmania (Eppie) Lederer
Apostle of the Anglo-Saxons
Apple Islanders Tasmanians Ann Miller Lucille Ann Col-
Saint Augustine (first Arch-
Apple Isle Tasmania lier
bishop of Canterbury)
Apples Frank Kudelka (basket- Ann Sothern Harriette Lake
Apostle of Caledonia I r i s h -
ball player) Antananarivo Tananarive, the
born Saint Columbia
Appletalk trademark of Apple capital of the Malagasy Re-
Apostle of California Pa d r e
Corporation public (Madagascar)
Junipero Serra
Apron War Korean housewives Antarctica’s Claimants A r-
Apostle of Christian Realism
helped to defeat the Japanese gentina, Chile, Norway,
Reinhold Niebuhr
in 1592 by carrying rocks in United Kingdom, U.S.A.,
Apostle of Common Sense
their aprons for ammunition Russia
Voltaire
Apostle of Culture M a t t h ew
Aqueduct City R o c h e s t e r,
Antarctica’s Only Known
New York Active Volcano Mount Ere-
Arnold
Arab Africa northern Africa bus on Ross Island in the New
Apostle of Dissent Wi l l i a m
from Egypt to Morocco and Zealand sector
Penn
from Mauritania to the Sudan Antelope State Nebraska
Apostle of Enlightenment T h -
Arabia Deserta Desert Arabia Anthony Abbot Charles Ful-
omas Paine
in the northern sector of the ton Oursler
Apostle of Free Trade R i c h -
Arabian Peninsula Anthony Armstrong G e o rg e
ard Cobden
Arabia Felix Fertile Arabia Anthony Armstrong Willis
Apostle of the French S a i n t
also known as Aden, the Anthony Berkeley A n t h o ny
Denys
Hadhramaut, or Yemenite Berkeley Cox
Apostle of the Gentiles S a i n t
section Anthony Boucher Wi l l i a m
Paul (formerly Saul of Tarsus)
arabian arabian baboon; ara- Anthony Parker White
Apostle of Humanity T h o -
bian camel (one-humped Anthony Hope Sir Anthony
mas Paine
dromedary); arabian coffee; Hope Hawkins
Apostle of the Hungarians
arabian horse Anthony Quinn Anthony Ru-
Saint Anastasius
Arabian Arabian Desert; Ara- dolph Oaxaca
Apostle of the Indians Barto-
bian Peninsula of Arabian Anthracite City S c r a n t o n ,
lomé de Las Casas
Sea; inhabitant of Saudi Ara- Pennsylvania
Apostle of the Indies S a i n t
bia also called Saudi (plural Antid Oto Leon Trotsky
Francis Xavier
or singular) anti-gods marijuana cigarettes
Apostle of Ireland S a i n t
Arabian Gulf Persian Gulf anti-Semite anti-Jewish person
Patrick
Arabia Petraea Rocky Arabia Anti-Slavery President J o h n
Apostle of Liberty Benjamin
in the northwestern section of Quincy Adams
Franklin
Apostle of Mexican Rebellion
the Arabian Peninsula
Francisco I Madero
Anti-Trinitarian Author
arabic arabic numbers (1, 2, 3,
Apostle of New Zealand Rev-
Faustus Socinus, originally
4, 5, etc., as distinct from ro-
Fausto Sozzini man numbers—I, II, III, IV,
erend Samuel Marsden
Apostle of Reason P e t e r
V, etc.)
Anti-Trinitarian Martyr
Araucania region of central Michael Servetus, originally
Abelard
Chile south of Bío-Bío River Miguel Serveto
Apostle Rebel Dorothy Day
araucanos (Latin American anti-Zionist often anti-Semite
Apostle of the Rights of Man
nickname—Chileans or chil- Antsirane Diégo Suarez
Thomas Paine
enos )—sobriquet recalls the Apache State Arizona
Apostle of Sanity Epicurus
liberty-loving Araucanian In- Apis code name of Dragutin
Apostle of Science Roger Ba-
dians who were never con- Dimitrijevic, chief of Serbian
con
quered by the Spaniards army intelligence, who engi-
Apostle of the Scottish Refor-
Arch City St Louis, Missouri, neered the assassination of
mation John Knox
dominated by the Jefferson Austro-Hungarian Archduke
Apostles of Freedom S a m
National Expansion Memo- Franz Ferdinand providing
Adams and Thomas Paine
rial arch commemorating the the pretext for World War I in
Apostle of the Slavs St Cyril
Louisiana Purchase 1914
Apostle of the Sword M o -
hammed
Archeological Capital of
Apollinaire Guillaume Apolli-
Africa Cairo, Egypt naire, Wilhelm Apollinaris
Apostle of Temperance
Theobold Mathew
Archeological Capital of North
America C h i c h e n I t z a , Apollo of the Box Tony Mul-
Kostrowitski
Appeasement Premier N ev -
Mexico lane (baseball player)
ille Chamberlain
Apple Capital of Texas M e -
Archeological Capital of South
Apollyon The Devil
dina
America Cuzco, Peru
Apostle of Absolute Beauty
Apple Capital of the World
Archetypal American Painter
Jean Sibelius
Wenatchee, Washington
Jackson Pollock
Eponyms, Nicknames
Archie Moore A r c h i b a l d
Argentinian Ports Santa Fé,
Artist of the French Revolu-
tion Jacques Louís Davíd Archipiélago de Colón (Span-
Wright
Rosario, Zarate, Campana,
Arturo de Cordova A r t u r o ish—Columbus Archipelago)
Buenos Aires, La Plata, Mar
Garcia Ecuador’s official name for
del Plata, Puerto Belgrano,
Aruba’s Ports Sint Nicolaas the Galápagos Islands
Ingeniero White, Puerto
Madryn, Ushuaia
(Lago Refinery), Paarden
Architect of American Modern
Baai (Oranjestad), Druif Dance Martha Graham
Argyrol King Dr Albert C Bar-
nes
ARW 493 S t i g S ve r ke r
Architect of the Atomic Bomb
Foghammar J Robert Oppenheimer
Ariel of the Piano F r e d e r i c
Chopin
Ashcan School (see Eight)
Architect in Chief of St Peters
Ashenden W S o m e r s e t Raphael (Raffaello Santi)
Aristocles P l a t o ’s o r i g i n a l
name
Maugham
Architect of the Constitution
Ashland Henry Clay’s home in James Madison
Aristocrat of Sports billiards
Aristocrats of Beans l i m a
Lexington, Kentucky
Architect of Mexican Indepen-
ash-Sham (Arabic-northern) dence Padre Miguel Hidalgo
beans
Aristotle’s Lantern sea-urchin
well known as Damascus,
mouth parts
capital of Syria
Architect-Naturalist-Philoso-
Asian Subcontinent B a n g -
pher-Statesman-President
The Ark HMS Ark Royal
ladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Thomas Jefferson
Arkansawyer a native of Ar-
Sikkim, and Sri Lanka; Indian
Architect of the New Deal
kansas, also called Arkie
Peninsula Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Arkie Arkansas (or resident;
migratory worker from Ar-
Asia’s big five elephant, leop-
Architect of Non-Alignment
ard, rhinoceros, tiger, water Josip Broz Tito
kansas)
buffalo Architect President T h o m a s
Arkopolis Little Rock, Arkan-
Asmus Rasmus R a s m u s Jefferson
sas
Meyer Museum, Bergen, Arctic Arctic Current flowing
Arletty Arlette-Léonie Bathiat
Norway; Miller south from Baffin Bay and
(French actress)
Asparagus Capital I s l e t o n , Greenland to cool the coasts
Armageddon Meggido, Pales-
California of Labrador, Newfoundland
tine where the British de-
Asperger’s Disorder f o r m o f and most of New England;
feated the Turks in 1918
early infantile autism Arctic Ocean washing the
Arminius Jacobus Arminius
Asphaltic Lake the Dead Sea north coast of Asia, Europe,
(originally Jacob Harmensen)
Arms-control President
Assemblyman from the Bow-
and North America including
ery Al Smith (Alfred E Alaska and Canada
George Bush
Smith) Arctic big three muskox, po-
Arnhem Land northern end of
Associated States Caribbean lar bear, walrus
island states (Antigua-St Arctic Canada Northwest Ter-
Australia’s Northern Territory
K i t t s - N ev i s , D o m i n i c a , ritories and the Yukon
Arnold Bennett Enoch Arnold
Grenada, St Lucia, St Vin- Arctic Lands Alaska, Canada,
Bennett
cent) Greenland, Iceland, Norway,
Arrowhead Herman Melville’s
Assyrian Century the 7th cen- Sweden, Finland, Russia
home in Pittsfield, Massachu-
tury before the Christian era Arctic Territories C a n a d i a n
setts
when Assyria ruled the Mid- Northwest Territories
Arroyo del Ajo ( S p a n i s h —
dle East and conquered Arctogaea landmass including
Garlic Gulch)—John Stein-
Egypt—the 600s Africa, Asia, Europe, and
beck’s name for his home
near Los Gatos. California
astrakhan astrakhan cloth or
astrakhan wool of the type Ardent City Liège, Belgium
Arsenal of the Nation C o n -
North America
necticut
Art Capital New York City
originally clipped from sheep
Ardent Conservationist
native to Astrakhan on the
Caspian in the delta of the Rachel Carson
Art Center of Rhode Island
Volga Area 51 unidentified flying ob-
Wickford
Astrodome City H o u s t o n , ject aficionados’ term for se-
Art Center of the Southwest
Texas cret U S Air Force base north
Taos, New Mexico
Astronaut President J o h n of Las Vegas, Nevada
Artemus Ward Charles Farrar
Fitzgerald Kennedy Argentina La Argentina (Anto-
Browne (19th-century Amer-
Astronomical Prophet G a l i - nia Mercé y Luque)
ican humorist)
Artesian State South Dakota
leo Galilei
Argentina’s Principal Port
Asylum for Talent J a c q u e s Buenos Aires
Arthritis Season autumn
Copeau’s Theatre du Vieux Argentinian First Argentina’s
Artichoke Capital C a s t r o -
Colombier best known classical com-
ville, California; Watsonville,
Atacama Atacama Desert of poser—Alberto Ginastera
California
Artie Shaw Arthur Arshawsky
northern Chile
Eponyms, Nicknames
Ataturk ( Tu r k i s h — C h i e f
Aurelian Century the 100s— Turk) General-President
Atlantic Scandinavia D e n -
reign of Roman emperor-phi- Mustafa Kemal—first presi-
mark, Iceland, Norway
losopher Marcus Aurelius— dent of Turkey
Atlantique (French—Atlantic
the 2nd century The Atheist P e r cy B y s s h e
Ocean)—also name of the
Aussieland Australia Shelley
Breguet maritime-patrol air-
Australia Felix (Latin—Happy Atheist Penologist J e r e m y
craft BR-1150
Australia)—fertile central Bentham
Atoll Soviet Sidewinder-type
Victoria in southeastern Aus- Atheist Poetess Ellen Prouse
missile
tralia Mardan
Atoll Nation Nauru
Australian Alps mountains of Atheist Poets Heinrich Heine,
Atomic Age Capital Los Ala-
New South Wales and Victo- Percy Bysshe Shelley, Walt
mos, New Mexico
ria Whitman
Atomic Capital of America
Australian Atheist Phillip Ad- Atheist’s Bible T h o m a s
Richland, Washington
ams Paine’s The Age of Reason
Atomic Cities L o s A l a m o s ,
New Mexico; Oak Ridge,
Australian Commonwealth
Athenian Century the 5th cen-
tury before the Christian era Australia and its territories
Tennessee; Richland, Wash-
when the Athenians destroyed Australian Desert 1,300,000-
ington
the Persian fleet and com- square-mile area (530,000 pleted the Parthenon—the
Atomic City Los Alamos, New
hectares) in central and west- 400s
Mexico and Oak Ridge, Ten-
ern Australia Athens of Alabama Tu s c a -
nessee
Australian Dominion Austra- loosa
Atomic Energy City O a k
lia and its territories Athens of Arkansas Fa y -
Ridge, Tennessee
Australian Ports Port Kennedy, etteville
A-town Allentown
Cairns Harbour, Townsville, Athens of America Boston
Atterdag (Danish—Another
Day)—King Valdemar IV
Port of Bowen, Port of
Athens of Hispanic America
Mackay, Rockhampton, Bogotá
Attic Muse the Athenian histo-
Gladstone, Maryborough, Athens of the North E d i n -
rian Xenophon
Brisbane, Clarence River, burgh, Scotland
Attorney for the Damned
Clarence Darrow
Port Waratah, Newcastle,
Athens of the Northwest
Sydney, Port Kembla, Mel- Faribault, Minnesota
Audrey Hepburn E d d a va n
b o u r n e , Wi l l i a m s t ow n , Athens of the South N a s h -
Heemstra
Geelong, Portland, Port Ade- ville, Tennessee
Augustan Age Latin litera-
laide, Port Vincent, Port Pirie, Athens of Texas Waco
ture’s golden era when
Port Augusta, Whyalla, Port Athens of the West L ex i n g -
Horace, Livy, Ovid, and Vir-
Lincoln, Albany, Busselton, ton, Kentucky
gil flourished during the reign
Bunbury, Freemantle, Perth, Atlanta-Fulton Atlanta-Ful-
of the Emperor Augustus (27
G e r a l d t o n , C a r n a r vo n , ton County Stadium
B.C. to A.D. 14)
Broome, Wyndham, Darwin, Atlantic Bitch Atlantic Beach
Augustina de Aragon Augus-
tina Domenech Zaragoza
Gove, Hobart (in Tasmania
along with Burnie, Devon- Atlantic Canada L a b r a d o r
Au 2 H 2 O former Arizona Sena-
port, Beauty Point, Launce- and Newfoundland, New
tor Barry Goldwater (1908–
Brunswick, Nova Scotia,
ton) Prince Edward Island,
Australian States New South Québec
Auld Ane (Scottish Gaelic—
Wales, Queensland, South Atlantic Community NATO
Old One)—the devil
Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, nations
Auld Brig o’ Don D u n d e e ,
Western Australia Atlantic Highlands H i g h -
Scotland’s Brig o’ Balgownie
Australian Territories Austra- lands of the Navesink around
(brig = bridge)
lian Antarctic; Australian Sandy Hook, New Jersey
Auld Clootie (Scottish Gaelic—
Capital Territory (Canberra); Atlantic Narrows r e l a t ive l y
Old Cloven)—cloven-footed
Northern Territory, Christmas restricted area uniting North
devil
Island; Cocos Islands; Coral and South Atlantic between
Auld Reekie (Scottish Gaelic—
Sea Islands Territory; Heard bulge of Africa and bulge of
Old Smelly)—smogbound
and McDonald Islands; Nor- Brazil, Freetown and Natal
Edinburgh
fold Island Atlantic Ocean Edens We s t
Auld Sod (Scottish Gaelic—
Old Land)—Scotland
Australia’s Little England
Indies before European settle-
Tasmania ment
auntie old homosexual
Aunt Jane Tia Juana (river
Austrian Emperor of Mexico
Atlantic Provinces New Bruns-
Ferdinand Maximillian von wick, Newfoundland, Nova
separating Tijuana, Mexico
Hapsburg, also known as Max Scotia, Prince Edward Island
and San Ysidro, California)
Aunty Vicky Queen Victoria
of Baden
Eponyms, Nicknames
Austrian Quintet c l a s s i c a l
Babinski Sign curling of toes composers Haydn, Mozart,
Avon Avon Books; Avonmouth
upward after infancy Schubert, Bruckner, Mahler
(Port of Bristol); Avon Water
Babs Barbara Austrian Waltz Kings Joseph
(flowing from Ayrshire to La-
Babushka (Russian—grand- Lanner, Johann Strauss, and
nark); Avonwick (Devon-
mother)—Ekaterina Breshk- his son Johann Strauss Jr
shire)
The Awakened One S i d -
ovskaya, revolutionary leader
Author of the Declaration of
Baby Bells phone companies Independence Thomas Jef-
dhartha Gautama (Buddha)
formed after breakup of ferson
Awakener of Bulgaria
George Venelin
AT&T
Author of the First Amend-
Baby Boomers people born af- ment James Madison
Awakening Moon full moon in
March
ter World War II, from 1946
Author of the first draft of the
Axis Salty Mildred E Gillars,
to 1964
Declaration of Indepen-
Baby Boom Generation nick- dence Thomas Paine
American traitor convicted of
treason for broadcasting Nazi
name for the seventy-six mil-
Author of the Virginia Statute
lion people born from 1946 to for Religious Freedom Th-
propaganda during World
War II
omas Jefferson The Baby Bull O r l a n d o
axminster eponymic name for
Cepeda (baseball player) seph Campbell
good grade carpets and rugs
Authority on Mythology J o -
originally made in the English
town of Axminster in Devon-
Baby Doc Haitian dictator
Autocrat of All the Russias
Jean-Claude Duvalier Czar Nicholas II
Baby Langdon Harry Lang- Autocrat of Austria P r i n c e
shire; modern axminsters of-
don Clemens Wenzel Lothar von
ten copy well-known oriental
designs
Babylon Miami, Florida Metternich
Ayrshire Poet Robert Burns
born in Alloway, Ayrshire,
Baby Lucille Lucille Vore
Autocrat of the Breakfast
Baby Ruth Ruth Cleveland, Table Dr Oliver Wendell
Scotland
daughter of Grover and Holmes
Azalea Trail City Lafayette,
Frances Cleveland Autocrat of Commerce Ve n -
Louisiana
Baby State Arizona in 1912 ice
Azania African nationalist
name for the Republic of
when admitted to statehood
George Spencer Cavendish, Automobile City D e t r o i t ,
Automobile Capital of the
Bachelor Duke Wi l l i a m World Detroit, Michigan
South Africa
Aztecan and Incan Century
the 1000s—great stone struc-
the Sixth Duke of Devonshire
Bachelor Painter Sir Joshua Michigan
tures in Mexico and Peru are
Reynolds Automobile State Michigan
mute witnesses to these indig-
Bachelor President J a m e s Automobile Wizard H e n r y
enous American cultures—
Buchanan—fifteenth Presi- Ford
the 11th century
dent of the United States Auto State Michigan
Aztec State Arizona
Back Bay Boston’s old resi- Aux Cayes former name of Les
Aztec two-step loose bowels
dential section built on mud Cayes, Haiti
acquired in Mexico, the land
flats reclaimed from Boston Ava Gardner Lucy Johnson
of the Aztecs
Bay Avalon Somerset region of
Aztec type microcephalic idi-
Backbone of Asia the Himala- southwestern England be-
ocy
yas lieved to be Avalon of Arthu-
Azure Coast Côte d’Azur on
the French Riviera
Backbone of the Confederacy
rian legend; resort port of Cat-
the Mississippi River alina Island off Los Angeles,
Azure Sea L a ke R u d o l f ,
Backbone of England P e n - California
Kenya
nine Hills; Pennine Ridge Avenue of the Americas N ew
B B King Riley B King
Backbone of Europe the Alps York City’s Sixth Avenue
Baal Shem-Tov ( H e b r ew —
Kind Master of the Holy
Aviation City Seattle, Wash-
Name)—Israel Ben Eliezer
Backbone of North America
the Rockies ington
Babar Jean de Brunhoff’s story-
book elephant; Zahir ud-Din Muhammad (founder of In-
Backbone of South America
Aviation Historian O c t ave
the Andes Chanute
Backfire Soviet strategic su- Avicenna Arabian astronomer-
dia’s Mogul dynasty)
personic bomber equivalent mathematician-physician
Babe Ruth George Herman
to the North American-Rock- Abu ibn Sina (980–1037)
Ruth, the Sultan of Swat
well B-1 Aviocar Spanish transport air-
Babe Ruth’s Legs S a m m y
Back-of-Beyond A u s t r a l i a ’s craft designated C-212
Byrd (baseball player)
sparsely inhabited interior Avocado County San Diego
Babeuf Francois Noël
Back Home Again State Indi- County, California
Babinski Reflex curling of toes
upward when foot is stroked
ana
Eponyms, Nicknames
Bactrian Sage Z o r o a s t e r
Bangladesh Ports Chalna An- (founder of the Magian reli-
Balkan Peninsula b e t w e e n
chorage, Chittagong, Cox’s gion and native of Bactria)
Adriatic and Black seas and
Bazar Bad Boy of Music G e o rg e
terminating between the Ae-
Banjo Andrew Barton Paterson Antheil
gian and Ionian peninsulas
of Australia Bad Boys of 57th Street t h e
Balkans Albania, Bulgaria,
Banjo Eyes Eddie Cantor (Ed- New York Philharmonic in its
Croatia, Greece, Romania,
ward Israel Itskowitz) post-Toscanini period
Slovenia and European sec-
Banjo Joe Gus Cannon bad cholesterol low-density li-
tion of Turkey
The Bank The Bank of En- poprotein
balloons drugs such as heroin
gland Badger NATO nickname for
packaged in toy balloons
Bankwire trademark of US Soviet Tupolev medium
Balthus Count Balthazar Klos-
Banking and Settlement Ser- bomber (Tu-16)
sowski de Rola
vice Badger(s) Wisconsinite(s)
Baltic Baltic Sea between Den-
Banner Cloud forms on the Badger State Wisconsin
mark, Estonia, Finland, Ger-
lee side of a mountain Badlands arid and eroded areas
many, Latvia, Lithuania, Po-
Banner State Texas of Nebraska and South Da-
land, Russia, Sweden
Baotou (Pinyin Chinese— kota
Baltic Republics E s t o n i a ,
Paotou) Bad News Jim Barnes (basket-
Latvia, Lithuania
Bapu (Gujerati—father)—Ma- ball player); Odell Hale
Baltic Scandinavia F i n l a n d
hatma Gandhi’s title (baseball player)
and Sweden (Denmark some-
Bar Barbara Baffin Basin deeper parts of
times included although
much of its coast is on the
Barão de Rio Branco (Baron
Rio Branco) José María de Island and Greenland
Arctic Ocean between Baffin
Atlantic)
Silva Paranhos bag drugs packaged in balloons
Baltimore beefsteak b r o i l e d
Barbadian Ports S p e i g h t - or paper bags
liver’s military nickname in
stown, Bridgetown Bagdad by the Bay San Fran-
the US
Barbara Bel Geddes Barbara cisco
Baltimore Oracle HL Mencken
Geddes Lewis Bagdad-on-Hudson New York
Balzac Honoré de Balsa
Barbara Stanwyck R u b y Bagdad on the Subway o n e
Bambino G e o rg e H e r m a n
Stevens of O Henry’s nicknames for
(Babe) Ruth
Barbara Ward Lady Jackson New York City; He also called
Bamboo Curtain old name for
(wife of Sir Robert Jackson) it the City of Razzle Dazzle
the barrier between anti-com-
munist and communist coun-
Barbarossa nickname of red-
Bag Town San Diego, Califor- bearded Frederick I of the
tries of Southeast Asia
nia, where sailors tote sea- Holy Roman Empire; Bar- bags
Banaba Ocean Island near the
barossa I (Koruk) and Bar- Bahamian Ports F r e e p o r t
Gilberts in the equatorial mid-
Pacific Ocean
barossa II (Khaireddin) were
Greek-born Algerian pirates (Grand Bahama), Bimini
Banana Benders Queensland
Barbary Coast North African (Bimini Islands), Nassau
Australians
(New Providence), Matthew coast; San Francisco’s water-
banana boat cargo vessel built
Town (Great Inagua) front district a century ago
to carry bananas
Bahraini Ports Al Manamah Barbary States Algeria, Libya Harbour, Mina Sulman, Sitra
Banana City Brisbane
Bananaland Queensland, Aus-
(Tripolitania), Morocco, Tu-
nisia Baiá de Guanabara ( P o r t u -
tralia
Barbecue Bob Robert Hicks guese—Guanabara Bay)—
Bananalanders p e o p l e o f
Queensland, Australia
Barbed Wire Capital of the
World DeKalb, Illinois Baird Leonard Mrs Harry S
Rio de Janeiro’s inner harbor
Banda Oriental ( S p a n i s h —
Barbellion WNP Barbellion Clair Zogbaum
Eastern Ribbon)—Uruguay
(pseudonym of Frederick Baked Beans Massachusett-
Band City Elkhart, Indiana
Cummings) sans
Bandit Queen of the Old West
The Barber Sal Maglie (base- Baked Bean State Massachu-
Belle Starr
ball) setts
Bane of the Bureaucrats Par-
Barber Poet Provencal poet Bakst Leon Bakst (originally
kinson’s Law
Jacques Jasmin—a barber by Rozenberg)
banewort Atropa belladonna’s
profession, also called the Balanchine Georgi Balanchi-
(also called beautiful lady,
Last of the Troubadors vadze
deadly nightshade, or death’s
Barbs Barbados island or peo- Bald Eagle Frank Isbell (base-
herb)
ple ball player)
bangkok bangkok hat (straw
Barca the Carthaginian M a - bale 100 to 500 pounds of mar-
hat of a type first woven in
harbal ijuana compressed
Bangkok); bangkok straw
bar code Universal Product Baleful Prophet Cassandra
(Siamese straw used in mak-
ing baskets and hats)
Code
Eponyms, Nicknames
Bard of Avon William Shakes-
Barry Fitzgerald Wi l l i a m
Battleground of Freedom
Kansas during ten years of Bard of Ayrshire Robert Burns
peare
Shields
debate over slavery Bard of Olney William Cow-
Barrymore family containing
Battle of Seattle November 19, per
some of America’s best be-
1999, police clash with pro- Bard of Prose Boccaccio
loved actors (Lionel, Ethel,
testers at World Trade Orga- Bard of Sheffield James Mont-
John—children of Maurice
nization conference gomery
and Georgiana Barrymore)—
actual surname was Blythe
Battling Battalino Christo-
Bard of the Stumblebum
pher Battalino (boxer) Nelson Algren
Barry Perowne Philip Atkey
Battling Bob Robert M La Fol- Bard of Twickenham A l ex -
Barry Sullivan Patrick Barry
lette, Sr ander Pope
Barton Cannon Barton Dan-
Battling Levinsky B a r n ey Barefoot Diva Cesaria Evora
zilio
Lebrowitz (boxer) Barefoot King of Cocos J o h n
Basil Rathbone L aw r e n c e
Battling Nelson Oscar Nielson Clunies-Ross (owner of the
Northrup
(boxer) Cocos or Keeling Islands in
Basket of Eggs hills of Downs
Batumskaya formerly Batum the South Indian Ocean)
in Northern Ireland
Bauhaus German school of Baritone-Conductor Dietrich
Basque Provinces á 1 ava ,
modern industrial design Fischer-Dieskau
Guipúizcoa, and Viscaya,
linking art and technology, Barney Barnato Barnett Bar-
Spain
headed by architect Walter nato (Barnett Isaacs)
Basra belly Persian Gulf diar-
Gropius Baron Britten Edward Ben-
rhea
Bay Bay of Bengal, Biscay jamin Britten
Bastille by the Bay San Quen-
(nicknamed Biscuits by sail- Baron Burnham E d wa r d
tin prison in San Francisco
ors), Boston, Charleston, Levy-Lawson
Bay
Fundy, Holland, Islands, Baron Corvo Frederick Will-
Bastion of the Caribbean Pu-
Laig, Mission, Naples, New iam Rolfe
erto Rico
York, Panama, Pigs, River, Baron Cuvier G e o rg e s
Basutoland former name of
San Diego, San Francisco, Léopold Chrétien Frédéric
Lesotho
State, Street, Whales; The Dagobert
Bataan Death March 65-mile
Bay—Algoa Bay or Port Eliz- Baron de Reuter Israel Beer
march by American and Fili-
abeth Bay in South Africa Josaphat (founder of Reuter’s
pino prisoners of Japanese
The Bay Hudson’s Bay Com- news agency)
troops in 1942 (World War II)
pany (see Bay) Baroness Orczy Mrs Montagu
Batavia D u t c h n a m e f o r
Bay of Biscuits (naval nick- Bartstow—author of The
Djakarta; former name of
name—Bay of Biscay) Scarlet Pimpernel
Djakarta, Indonesia; Roman
Bay Cities cities surrounding Baronet Peel R o b e r t P e e l
name for the Netherlands
San Francisco Bay (former Prime Minister of
Batavian Republic name for
Bay City San Francisco Great Britain)
the Netherlands during the
Bay of Gold San Francisco Baron Grenville Wi l l i a m
French Revolutionary wars
Bay Wyndham Grenville (former
(1795 to 1806); the Nether-
Bayou City Houston, Texas Prime Minister of Great Brit-
lands during rule of Louis
Bayou State Louisiana, Mis- ain)
Bonaparte (1806–1810)
sissippi Baron Lugard Frederick John
Bath City Mt Clemens, Michi-
Bay of Pigs C u b a ’s s o u t h Dealtry Lugard
gan
coastal Bahía de Cochinos Baron Munchausen R u d o l f
Bat Masterson William Bar-
where an unsuccessful at- Erich Raspe
clay Masterson
tempt was made to liberate Baron Passfield Sidney Webb
Battenberg Mountbatten
Cubans from Castro’s rule Baron Stiegel i r o n m a s t e r
Battery old seawall containing
Bay State Massachusetts Henry William Stiegel
gun emplacements in
Bay Stater(s) M a s s a c h u s e t - Baron Tweedsmuir J o h n
Charleston, South Carolina,
tan(s) Buchan
Manhattan Island in New
Bay Street financial center of Barr body inactivated X chro-
York
the Bahamas in Nassau on mosome (for Murray L Barr)
Battle-Born State N eva d a —
admitted as territory in 1848
New Providence Island; fi-
Barrington Island, Galápagos
nancial center of Canada in Santa Fé
following the Mexican War
Toronto, Ontario Barrio Chino (Spanish—Chi-
Battlefield City Gettysburg,
BB King Riley B King nese Quarter)—Barcelona’s
Pennsylvania
BBB Big Bronze Buddha (in brothel area close to the wa-
Battlefield of the Nations
Kamakura, Japan) terfront
Leipzig in Germany in 1813;
b-dacs armed agents of the Bu- Barry Cornwall Bryan Waller
Plain of Esdraelen in Israel
reau of Drug Control Procter
between Megiddo and Naza-
reth; Waterloo in Belgium
Beagles Virginians
Eponyms, Nicknames
Bean Town Boston, Massa-
Belle City of the Lakes R a - chusetts
Beemer BMW (Bavarian Motor
cine, Wisconsin beans barbiturates
Works) car or motorcycle
Belle Riviere (see La Belle bears law-enforcement officers
Beer City Milwaukee
Riviere) Bears Kentuckians
Beethoven Town Bonn, Ger-
Belle Starr Myra Bell Shirley Bear State Arkansas, Ken-
many—birthplace of Ludwig
bellman buster rolling suitcase tucky
van Beethoven
Bell Rock Inchcape Rock off The Beast Jimmie Foxx (base-
Beetle Juice (American na-
the Forfarshire coast of Scot- ball player)
valese—Betelgeuse)—vari-
able giant red star of the first
land, the subject of Robert
Beast of the Apocalypse
Southey’s Ballad of Inchcape Aleister Crowley
magnitude in the constella-
Rock Beat Generation group of writ-
tion of Orion
Bell Town East Hampton, Con- ers including Allen Ginsburg,
Bee Wee nickname for a Brit-
necticut William S Burroughs, Jack
ish West Indian
Belly of Paris Les Halles Kerouac and others; "beat" is
Beggars of the Sea Dutch pi-
Beloved City of El Greco To- short for beatitude —the idea
rates and privateers
ledo, Spain that the downtrodden are
Beige Book regional economic
Beloved Friend Nadejda von saintly
survey conducted by the
Meek (Tchaikovsky’s patron- The Beatles George Harrison,
United States Federal Re-
ess and lifetime friend he John Winston Lennon, James
serve Board
never met) Paul McCartney, Ringo Starr
Beige Toaster Macintosh com-
Beloved Infidel Colonel Rob- (Richard Starkey)
puter
ert Ingersoll Beatrice Arthur B e r n i c e
Bela Lugosi B e l a F e r e n c
Beloved Violinist Fritz Kreisler Frankel
Blasko
Bel Anglais (French—Hand-
Below Sea-Level Cities Braw-
Beautiful City by the Sea
ley and El Centro, California Portland, Maine
some Englishman)—nick-
Ben Block a British sailor Beautiful Kingdom t r a n s l a -
name of John Churchill—
Ben Cur Benguela Current tion of China’s name for the
Duke of Marlborough
Ben Day Process photoengrav- United States of America
Belgeek(s) B e l g i a n ( s ) — s o -
ing process (for Benjamin Beauty Dave Bancroft (base-
called by American, British,
Day, 1838–1916) ball player)
and Canadian armed forces
Bender-Gestalt Test measures Beauvoir last residence of Jef-
during World War II
personality and assesses func- ferson Davis (in Mississippi)
belgian Belgian griffon (small
tional and organic disorders Beaver State Oregon
black or reddish-black ter-
rier); Belgian horse (draft
Benemérito de las Américas
bebop jazz-style music of the
(Spanish— Meritorious Man 1950s
horse); Belgian hare (rabbit);
of the Americas)—the Mexi- Bechuana bill an African diar-
Belgian sheepdog
can Indian Benito Juárez rhea
Belgian Congo colonial pos-
session of Belgium from 1884
Ben-Gurion (Hebrew—Son of
to 1963; Zaire
Beck Depression Inventory
a Lion)—name adopted by
questionnaire used to diag- David Green nose depression and its sever-
Belgian East Africa f o r m e r
Benin Ports Cotonou, Kpeme ity
name of Rwanda
Belgian Ports Antwerpen (An-
Benjies hundred-dollar bills
bearing the portrait of Amer- Beck(y) Rebecca
vers), Bruxelles (Brussel),
ica’s Benjamin Franklin Bedlam nickname of the Beth-
Gente (Gand), Brugge
Ben Kingsley Krishna Banji lehem Royal Hospital
(Bruges), Zeebrugge, Blan-
founded in London in 1247 bennies benzedrine pills
kenberge, Oostende (Ostend),
Benny Leonard B e n j a m i n Beedle General Walter Bedell
Nieuwpoort (Nieuport)
Leiner (boxer) Smith
Belgium Film Pioneer
Benoulli’s Principle p r e s s u r e Beef Barons Armour, Cudahy,
Jacques Feyder
of water against sides of a Morris, Swift
Belial The Devil
wooden pipe decreases as the Beefeaters Her (His) Majesty’s
Believing Unbeliever S u -
velocity of the water in- Honourable Corps of Gentle-
preme Court Justice Felix
creases (observation of men at Arms
Frankfurter
Daniel Benoulli, Swiss math- Beef-heads Texans
Belize formerly capital of Brit-
ematician in mid-1700s) Beef State Nebraska; Texas
ish Honduras and continuing
Ben and Pen Benjamin Frank- Bee Gee British Guiana (now
seaport of Belize, whose cap-
lin and William Penn called Guyana)
ital is inland Belmopan
bent-nail syndrome P ey r o - Beehive of Industry P r ov i -
Belle of Amherst Emily Dick-
nie’s disease wherein the pe- dence, Rhode Island
inson
nis is bent out of shape Beehive State Utah
Belle City of the Bluegrass
Benzer’s Raiders b i o l o g i s t Beelzebub The Devil
Region Lexington, Ken-
tucky
Seymour Benzer’s students
Eponyms, Nicknames
Bering Bering Sea extension of
Big Ditch Panama Canal the North Pacific Ocean
Bien Aime (French—Well Be-
Big Drink Atlantic or Pacific Berks the Beautiful Pennsyl-
loved)—Louis XV
Ocean vania’s Berks County
Big A Anaheim Stadium, Ana-
Big-D of the West D e nve r, Berkshires Berkshire Hills of
heim, California; Atlanta,
Colorado western Connecticut and
Georgia in the Southeast;
Big-E aircraft carrier USS En- Massachusetts
Amarillo, Texas in the South-
terprise Berlin Bach K a r l P h i l i p p
west; underworld nickname
Big Easy New Orleans, Louisi- Emanuel Bach—also nick-
of the Federal Penitentiary in
ana named Hamburg Bach
Atlanta, Georgia Big Apple New York City
Bermuda High high-pressure
player) system in the Atlantic Ocean
Big Ben aircraft carrier USS
Big Ed Ed Delahanty (baseball
The Big Eight I owa S t a t e , tween Bermuda, Cape Hat-
Franklin; battleship USS
Bermuda Triangle a r e a b e -
Franklin; huge bell attached
Kansas State, Colorado, Kan- teras, and Key West in the
to clock in Parliament tower,
sas, Missouri, Nebraska, western North Atlantic—also
Westminster district of Lon-
Oklahoma, Oklahoma State called the Devil’s Triangle or
don, named after Sir Ben-
(college sports) the Limbo of the Lost because
jamin Hall, commissioner of
Big Finger Australia’s Cape of the many planes and ships
works in 1859 when bell was
York Peninsula lost in the area; area is also
hung
Big Five (British banks) Bar- said to be between Bermuda,
Big Bend big bend of the Rio
clays, Lloyds, Midland, Na- Florida, and Puerto Rico
Grande—bounding southern
tional Provincial, Westmin- Bernese Oberland B e r n e s e
section of the Big Bend Na-
ster Alps
tional Park on the Texas bor-
Big Five System ex t r ove r t , Bernhardt Sarah Bernhardt—
der of Mexico
agreeable, conscientious, stage name of Rosine Bernard
Big Benders Tennesseans
emotional stability, and open- Berry City Woodburn, Oregon
Big Bend State Tennessee
ness to experience (five basic Berserkeley Berkeley, Califor-
Big Bertha World War I how-
components of personality) nia
itzer capable of hurling a
Big Four ABC, CBS, Fox, and Bertholt Brecht Eugen Ber-
one-ton projectile nine miles.
NBC television networks (in thold Friedrich Brecht
named for a member of the
late 1990s); at the Johns Hop- Bertie Bertrand A Russell—
Krupp family
kins Medical School—Will- English philosopher
Big Bill Broonzy William Lee
iam Howard Welch, William Bert Lahr Irving Lahreim
Conley
Osler, Howard Atwood Kelly, Bert Parks Bert Jacobson
Big Bill Haywood Wi l l i a m
William Stewart Halsted; bessel bessel equation, bessel
Dudley Haywood (founder of
IWW)
California railroad builders
Charles Crocker, Mark Hop- function, or bessel method
Big Blue IBM Corporation
kins, Collis P Huntington, and (named for the German 19th-
Big Board New York Stock
Leland Stanford; civil-rights century astronomer Friedrich
Exchange
leaders of the 1960s: Martin Wilhelm Bessel)
Big Boy Arthur Crudry; largest
bessemer bessemer converter
type of steam locomotive
Luther King, Jr., James
Farmer, Roy Wilkins, and or bessemer steel (named for
from World War II era
Whitney Young; Cleveland, its English inventor, Sir
Big Brother big government’s
Cincinnati, Chicago, and St Bessie Love Juanita Horton
Henry Bessemer)
watchful eye as described in
George Orwell’s 1984
Louis; Great Britain, France,
Italy, and the United States at Betel Nut Island Penang, Ma-
Big Burg New York City
the end of World War I, their laysia
big C cancer; cocaine
representatives at the Peace Betsytown Elizabeth, New Jer-
The Big Cat J o h n ny M i z e
Conference—Lloyd George, sey
(baseball player)
Georges Clemenceau, Vit- Betty Carter Lillie Mae Jones
Big Charlie Charles de Gaulle
torio Orlando, and Woodrow Betty Grable Elizabeth Grasle
Big Chief mescaline
Wilson Beverly Sills Belle Silverman
Big Crocodile P W Botha
Big Four Automakers G e n - Bharat Republic of India
big D hallucinogen such as di-
eral Motors, Ford, Chrysler, Biandrata Giorgio Blandrata
ethyltryptamine, dimethyl-
American Motors (nickname Bible Belt rural areas of the
tryptamine, dipropyl-
from the mid to late 1900s) southern United States
phyptamine
Big Four Opera Houses Cov- biblioklept book stealer
Big-D Dallas, Texas
ent Garden in London, La Bi-City Port Gdansk-Gdynia,
Big Dan Daniel Joseph Tobin
Scala in Milan, Staatsoper in Poland
Big Dipper ladle-shaped con-
stellation of Ursa Major
Vienna, The Met in New York
Bicycle Capital of the United
Big Friend B - 2 4 o r B - 1 7 States Missoula, Montana
The Big Dipper Wilt Cham-
berlain (basketball player)
bomber
Eponyms, Nicknames
Biggest City in South Georgia
Bing Crosby Harry Crosby nickname for Jacksonville,
Big Poison Paul Waner (base-
Binky pacifier Florida
ball player)
Big Red cardinal (the bird);
Biographer of Thomas Paine
Biggest Little City Reno, Ne-
Moncure D Conway vada
racehorse Man-o’-War
Biologist of the Mind S i g - Big Heart of Texas Austin
Big Red Machine Cincinnati
mund Freud Bighouse C l a r e n c e G a i n e s
Cardinals
Bip Marcel Marceau (basketball)
Big Seven Britain, Canada,
Bird Charlie Parker Big Inch 24-inch pipeline car-
France, Germany, Italy, Ja-
The Bird medical respirator rying petroleum products
pan, United States
(for Forrest Bird) from east Texas to the New
Big Six Eldon Auker; New
Bird Dog Cessna L-19 liaison York-Philadelphia area
York City’s Typographical
aircraft Big Island Hawaii (largest of
Union Number Six
Bird of Happiness J a p a n ’s the Hawaiians); Vancouver Is-
Big Sky Country Montana
redcrowned crane land, British Columbia
Big Smoke old nickname of
Bird Man Mike Barnett (bas- big J big John (slang— police-
London, England as well as
ketball player) man or other law-enforce-
Sydney, New South Wales
Bird of Paradise b r i l l i a n t l y ment officer)
Big Steel U S Steel Corpora-
plumed male perching birds Big-J battleship USS New Jer-
tion
in New Guinea area sey
Big T Tucson, Arizona
Bird-of-Paradise Island L i t - Big Jim brothel-keeper gang-
Big Three The Big Three (mu-
tle Tobago (where birds of ster James Colosimo (1877–
sic publishers Robbins, Feist,
paradise may be seen in their 1920); Postmaster General
Miller)—Robbins Music
wild state) James Aloysius Farley
Corp; World War I peacemak-
Birdofredum Sawin J a m e s Big Joe Turner Joseph Vernon
ers Georges Clemenceau,
Russell Lowell Turner
Lloyd George, and Woodrow
Birds of Paradox fl i g h t l e s s Big John St John the Divine
Wilson; World War II peace-
birds such as cassowaries, cathedral in New York City,
makers Winston Churchill, Franklin Roosevelt, and Jo-
flightless cormorants, emus, famous for its concerts
seph Stalin
Big-M battleship USS Mis-
Big Three Automakers G e n -
kiwis, ostriches, penguins, rails, rheas
Birds of Prey fl e s h - e a t i n g Big Mac M a r k M c G w i r e
souri; Memphis, Tennessee
eral Motors, Ford, Chrysler
predators such as condors, ea- (baseball player); Mc-
Big Town Chicago
gles, falcons, hawks, kites, Donald’s hamburger; New
The Big Train Walter Johnson
ospreys, owls, vultures York’s Municipal Assistance
(baseball player)
Bird Woman Sacajawea Corporation (MAC)
Big Windy Chicago, Illinois
Birkenau German name for Big Mama Thornton Wi l l i e
Big X McGraw-Hill trademark
Brezinka next to Auschwitz, Mae
Bikini State Florida
called Oswiecim by the Poles Big Mamie battleship USS
Bilad al-Sudan ( A r a b i c —
Birken’ead drill maritime tra- Massachusetts
Land of the Blacks)—Guinea,
dition dating from 1852 with Big Minny Minnesota
Sudan
the sinking of HMS Birken- Big Miss Mississippi River
Bill William
head when women and chil- Big Momma HMS Ark Royal
Bill Arp Charles Henry Smith
dren were given first place in Big Muddy Missouri River
Billie Dove Lillian Bohny
the lifeboats Big N Vladimir Nabokov
Billie Holiday Eleanora Fagan
Birmingham Sam J o h n L e e Big Nail translation of the Es-
Billings Billingsgate (London
Hooker kimo nickname for the North
waterfront market whose
women delighted in using
Birthplace of American
Cajuns New Brunswick Big Narco Saint J e s u s M a l -
Pole
foul language)
Bill Nye Edgar Wilson Nye
Birthplace of the American
verde
Billtown Williamstown, Kan-
Industrial Revolution
Big Nasty Ronnie Lee (foot-
Pennsylvania’s Lehigh Valley ball tackle)
sas
Billy the Kid William Bonney
Birthplace of American Jazz
big O opium; orgasm
New Orleans The Big O Oscar Robertson
alias William Wright and
alias Henry McCarty
Birthplace of American Lib-
erty Faneuil Hall, Boston Big-O attack aircraft carrier
(basketball player)
Billy Rose William Samuel
Rosenberg
Birthplace of American Presi-
dents Massachusetts (4); Big Orange Los Angeles
USS Oriskany
Billy Sanders Joel Chandler
New York (4); Ohio (7); Vir- Big P tenor Luciano Pavarotti
Harris
ginia (8) Big Pat St. Patrick’s cathedral
Bill of Rights President
James Madison
Birthplace of Aphrodite or
in New York City
Bimshire Barbados
Venus Cyprus
Eponyms, Nicknames
Birthplace of Aviation D a y -
Black Babe Ruth Josh Gibson ton, Ohio where the Wright
Birthplace of Saint-Saëns
Black Bart poetic stagecoach Brothers built their flying ma-
Paris, France
robber Charles E Bolton chine
Birthplace of Schubert Vi -
enna, Austria
Blackbeard Edward Teach—
Birthplace of Bach, Beethoven,
privateer-pirate also known as and Brahms G e r m a ny
Birthplace of Schumann
Edward Thatch (Eisenach, Bonn, and Ham-
Zwickau, Germany
Blackbeard’s curse botulism, burg)
Birthplace of Shakespeare
diarrhea, or dysentery con- Birthplace of Baseball C o o -
Stratford-upon-Avon, En-
tracted in the Caribbean perstown, New York
gland
black beauties biphetamine Birthplace of Berlioz C ô -
Birthplace of Sibelius Tavaste-
Black Belt black-soil growing Saint-André, lsère, France
hus, Finland
area extending from South Birthplace of Bolívar C a r a -
Birthplace of Skiing Morgedal
Carolina and Georgia to Ala- cas, Venezuela
in the Telemark region of
Norway
bama and Mississippi
Birthplace of Brahms and
Blackberry Capital M c - Mendelssohn H a m bu rg ,
Birthplace of the Skyscraper
Cloud, California Germany
Chicago
Birthplace of Spinoza A m -
Blackbird Lockheed SR-71 jet
Birthplace of the British
reconnaissance aircraft Industrial Revolution Sev-
sterdam, Netherlands
Black Carib Garifuna spoken ern Valley in England and
Birthplace of the Tuna Fishing
in Belize Wales
Industry San Diego
Black Castle of Opium A f y - Birthplace of Burns Alloway,
Birthplace of the United States
onkarahisar in western Tur- Scotland
of America Philadelphia,
key Birthplace of California S a n
Pennsylvania where the Dec-
Black Charley S i r C h a r l e s Diego
laration of Independence was
signed July 4, 1776
Napier
Birthplace of Camões
Black Country c o a l - m i n i n g (Camoëns) Lisbon, Portu-
Birthplace of Vaudeville
iron-founding sections of gal
Sainte-Mère-église (near
southern Staffordshire and Birthplace of Canada C h a r-
Norman coast of France)
West Midlands of England; lottetown, Prince Edward Is-
Birthplace of Villa-Lobos Rio
Midlands of England around land
de Janeiro, Brazil
smoke-blackened Birming- Birthplace of Cervantes A l -
Birthplace of Vivaldi Venice,
ham calá de Heneres, Spain
Italy
Black Dan Daniel Webster Birthplace of Colombia Tunja,
Birthplace of Wagner
Black Death bubonic plague Boyacá
Leipzig, Germany
black diamond black or gray Birthplace of Dante Florence,
Birthplace of Wilde, Shaw,
industrial diamond also called Italy
Joyce, and Behan Dublin,
framesite bort; anthracite or Birthplace of Democracy a n -
Ireland
hard coal cient Greece
Bishop of Broadway theatri-
Black Diamond City Wilkes- Birthplace of the Gods Greece
cal producer David Belasco
Barre, Pennsylvania Birthplace of Handel H a l l e ,
whose clerical dress earned
black diamonds coal Germany
him this title
bishopese writing in a dull ec-
black disease a n t h r a x o f
Birthplace of Hans Christian
sheep; braxy Andersen O d e n s e , D e n -
clesiastical style
Black Douglas Sir James de mark
Bishop of Rome the Pope
Douglas Birthplace of Hindemith H a -
Bison City Buffalo, New York
Black Eagle Hubert F Julian nau, Germany
Bitter Bierce Ambrose Bierce
Black Emperor of Haiti J e a n - Birthplace of Kant K a l i n i n -
Bitter Sea Dead Sea between
Jacques Dessalines grad (formerly Königsberg,
Israel and Jordan
Black Explorer M a t t h ew East Prussia)
Bituminous City C o n n e l l s -
(Matt) Henson Birthplace of Liszt R a i d i n g ,
ville, Pennsylvania
black fever kala-azar (leish- Hungary
Bix Leon Bismarck Beider-
becke
maniasis)
Birthplace of Melodramatic
black flag symbol of death or Opera Italy
Bjørn Bjørn B j ø r n s t j e r n e
emblem of piracy Birthplace of Mozart Salzburg,
Bjørnson
B Kovner Jacob Adler
Black Flower of Society
Nathaniel Hawthorne’s nick- Birthplace of Paganini Genoa
Austria
Black Black Sea between Bul-
name for any jail, peniten- Birthplace of Purcell L o n -
garia, Russia, and Turkey
tiary, or prison don, England
Black Africa equatorial Africa
from Ethiopia, Somalia, and
Black Forest Schwarzwald (in
Birthplace of Richard Strauss
mountainous south-central Munich, Germany
Kenya to Gabon, the Congo,
and Zaire
Germany)
Eponyms, Nicknames
Black Friday September 24,
Blarney Stone Port C o r k o r 1869 (financial panic oc-
black propaganda l i e s r e -
Corcaigh in Ireland (Eire) curred when speculators tried
peated until they seem believ-
close to Blarney Castle con- to corner the gold market in
able
taining the Blarney Stone the U.S.)
Black Republic H a i t i a n d
Blaue Reiter Blue Rider, Ger- Black Gladiator Bo Diddley
many emerging African na-
man expressionist art move- (Ellas McDaniel)
tions
ment from 1911 to 1914 black gold petroleum
Black Rock Columbia Broad-
casting System (CBS) named
Blau’s theory the larger the or-
black gold of the Amazon and
ganization, the greater the Malaya rubber
for its black granite building
at 51 West 52nd Street in New
proportion of total resources
black gold of the Caspian
devoted to management, caviar
York City
hence the proliferation of the Black Hand secret terrorist so-
Black Russian Writer A l e -
bureaucracy ciety linked with the Camorra
Blessed Isles (see Fortunate and the Mafia
ksandr Sergeyvich Pushkin
Isles) Black Heart of Montana Butte
(1799–1837) whose maternal
Bligh’s Islands Fiji Islands Black Hole Muscovites’ nick-
grandfather was African
Blind Bards Homer and Mil- name for Moscow
Black Saturday C o m -
ton Black Irish brunette descen-
mander’s Internal Manage-
ment Review
Blind Blake Arthur Phelps
dants of Irish women and Blind Bomber G e o rg e
Black Sea Countries B u l -
Spanish Armada sailors Glamack
garia, Georgia, Romania,
blackjack card game, bubonic Blind Boy Fuller Fulton Allen
Russia, Turkey, Ukraine
plague, the black flag of pi- Blind Gary Davis R eve r e n d
Black Sheep of Canadian
rates, blackjack chewing Gary Davis
Liquors 100-proof Yukon
Jack
gum, hand-held leather-cov-
Blind Lemon Jefferson
ered flexible club; zinc blende Lemon Jefferson
Black Shirts Mussolini’s fol-
or zinc sulfide Blind Poet John Milton Black Jack General John Jo-
lowers
Black Sox E i g h t C h i c a g o
Blind Publisher Joseph Pu-
seph Pershing litzer black lead cerrusite (lead car-
White Sox players banned
Blind Tom Thomas Bethune bonate)
from baseball for life for al-
legedly throwing the 1919
Blind Willie McTell Wi l l i e
black mayonnaise poisonous Samuel McTell
World Series—Eddie Cicotte,
sludge contaminating bays, Blizzard State South Dakota
Happy Felsch, Chick Gandil,
beaches, harbors, and oceans Blitzen Joe Benz (baseball
Shoeless Joe Jackson, Swede
Black Monday October 19, player)
Risberg, Buck Weaver, Lefty
Bloater(s) i n h a b i t a n t ( s ) o f 1987 when the New York
Williams, and Fred McMul-
stock market declined more Yarmouth on the North Sea
lan
than it had on Tuesday, Octo- coast of England where her- ber 29, 1929, which trigg-
black spots black settlements
rings are salted and smoked gered the Great Depression
in white-owned South Afri-
Blockhousers o l d e s t A f r o - Black Money money gained il-
can land
American regiment whose legally
Black Stream Japan Current
gallant assault on a well-de- Black Monk Grigori Efimov-
black tar deadly Mexican-
fended blockhouse won them ich Rasputin
made heroin, also called
Mexican mud or tootsie roll
this nickname during the Spanish-American War
Black Movie Pioneer R a l p h
Black Tuesday October 29,
Blonde Beauty of the Lakes
Milwaukee, Wisconsin Black Muslims religious-ori-
Cooper
1929, when the U.S. stock
market crashed, trigggering
ented group composed of
the Great Depressuon
Blonde Bombshell Jean Har- low
black nationalists and some
Blondin Charles Emile Grav- militant extremists
Black Wall Street D u r h a m ,
ele—the tightrope walker Black Nationalist M a r c u s
North Carolina
Black Watch Royal Highland
the mid-nineteenth century Black Nightingale Ma Rainey
M(oziah) Garvey
Regiment whose tartans dis-
who crossed Niagara Falls in
blood and guts red ensign of (Gertrude Rainey)
play dark colors
the British Merchant Marine Black Panthers militant black
blackwater fever malaria
Blood and Guts G e n e r a l party
Blackwater State N e b r a s k a
George S Patton, USA Black Pope head of the Jesuit
(with its black soil)
blood-clotting vitamin Vi t a - Order—the Jesuit General
Blackwell’s Island f o r m e r
min K Black Prince Edward—Prince
name of Welfare Island in
Bloodhound B r i t i s h s u r- of Wales—son of Edward III
New York City’s East River
face-to-air missile who always wore black armor
black widow poisonous spider
Lactrodectus mactans
blood pudding blood sausage
Eponyms, Nicknames
Bloody Ground State Ke n -
bogsaat bunch of guys sitting tucky
Blue Moon second full moon in
around a table Bloody Mary Mary I of En-
one month
Bogside C a t h o l i c wo r k i n g gland (Mary Tudor); tomato
Bluenose fisherman or sailor
class district of Derry (Lon- juice and vodka
from Canada’s Maritime
donderry) Bloody Sunday March 5, 1965,
Provinces
Bohemia Czech Republic; hab- in Selma, Alabama, where
Bluenose Province N ova
itat of gypsies and other un- state troopers attacked de-
Scotia
conventional people fenseless civil-rights march-
Bluenose(s) native(s) of Can-
Bohemian Reformer J o h n ers, injuring sixty
ada’s Maritime Provinces, es-
Hus Bloomsbury writers whose
pecially Nova Scotia; puri-
Bojangles Bill (Bojangles) center of activities was Lon-
tan(s)
Luther Robinson don’s Bloomsbury Square in
blue ointment mercurial oint-
Bolingbroke Henry IV of En- the early 1900s; Clive Bell,
ment
gland EM Forster, Roger Fry, John
blue peter blue signal flag with
Bolivarian Block C o l o m b i a , Maynard Keynes, Lytton
a white rectangle in its center;
Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia Strachey, V Sackville-West,
flown when a ship is ready to
Bolivarian Republics Bolivia, Leonard and Virginia Woolf;
sail; letter P or Papa in the
Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, synonym for snobbish aes-
international code
Venezuela theticism
Blue Rider Blaue Reiter; Ger-
Bollywood Bombay, for India’s Bloom syndrome genetic dis-
man expressionist art move-
film industry ease characterized by retarda-
ment from 1911 to 1914
Bolshevik Feminist Aleksan- tion of growth, abnormal im-
blue room aircraft toilet
dra Kollontai mune function
blue sky statements unsup-
Bomba (Italian—Bass Drum)— blue amytal (barbiturate)
ported by facts
Ferdinand ll—King of the blue acid p a l e - b l u e l i q u i d
Blues Man Roosevelt Sykes
Two Sicilies LSD-25
Blue Steel Hawker-Siddeley
bombay bombay duck (Asiatic blue angels amytal (barbitu-
air-to-surface missile
lizardfish, dried and salted rate)
Bluetooth standard for short-
lizardfish served with curry, Blue-backed Speller The Amer-
range wireless connections
also called bummalo) ican Spelling Book by Noah
among electronic devices
Bombingham nickname for Webster
Bluff City Hannibal, Missouri;
Birmingham, Alabama, for Bluebeard any wife killer such
Memphis, Tennessee; and
Ku Klux Klan terrorism dur- as the Chevalier Raoul whose
Natchez, Mississippi
ing 1963 struggle for black seventh wife discovered the
Bluff King Hal Henry VIII
civil rights bodies of his six previous
Boadbil Abu Abdallah—last
Bonaire’s Port Kralendijk wives
Moorish king of Granada
Bonanza Beech U-22 trainer bluebirds capsules of sodium
boards book covers
aircraft amytal
boat people refugees
Bonanza Land Fo r t S m i t h , bluebook volume containing
Bob Robert
Arkansas names of socially prominent
Bob Dole Disease erectile dys-
Bonanza State Montana people
function
Bob Dylan Robert Zimmer-
Bonaparte of the Antilles
blue-collar labor fa c t o r y
Toussaint Louverture workers
mann
Bond Street London’s street of blue devils amobarbital cap-
Bob Hope Leslie Townes Hope
fashionable shops sules
Bobby Robert
Bone Algerian port city now Blue Grass Capital L ex i n g -
Bobby Blue Bland R o b e r t
called Annaba ton, Kentucky
Calvin Bland
boneblack animal charcoal Blue Grass Country Ke n -
Bobby Darin Walden Robert
Boney Napoleon Bonaparte tucky
Cassotto
bobo bourgeois bohemian
Bon Homme Richard
Blue Grass State Kentucky
(French—Good Man Rich- Blue Grotto marine cavern on
Bo Carter Armentu Chatmon
ard)—Benjamin Franklin shore of Capri island in Bay
Bo Diddley Ellas McDaniel
The Body Paul Hoffman (bas-
Bonnie Prince Charles
Charles Edward Stuart—the Blue Hen Chickens Delawar-
of Naples
ketball player)
Young Pretender eans
Boer (Afrikaans or Dutch—
Bonny Johnny John Adams, Bluehen(s) Delawarean(s)
farmer)—South African of
second President of the Blue Hen State Delaware
Dutch descent whose lan-
United States Blue Law State Connecticut
guage is Afrikaans
Bonus Marchers ex-U.S. ser- Blue Light District C a r t a -
Bogie Maxwell Bodenheim;
vicemen who marched in gena, Colombia’s red-light
Humphrey Bogart
Washington, D. C., during the district (Distrito Luz Azuil)
Bogland Ireland
Boglander Irishman
Great Depression to get their
Eponyms, Nicknames
bonus certificates cashed
Brady Bonds debt instruments early and were fired upon by
Borodin Mikhail Markovich
named for United States Trea- federal troops under President
Grusenberg
sury Secretary Nicholas Herbert Hoover’s command
Borscht Belt Catskill Moun-
Brady boobtube television
tain area, New York
Bragman’s Bluff British pi- Boogie Down New York City’s
bosco South American narcotic
rate’s name for Puerto Cabe- borough of the Bronx
compound
zas, Nicaragua sometimes book book of regulations and
Bosphorus strait connecting
called El Bluff rules
the Black Sea with the Sea of
Brahmsburg Hamburg, Ger- Booker Booker T Washington
Marmora leading to the Med-
many—birthplace of Jo- Book Man nickname by fellow
iterranean
hannes Brahms prison inmates for Stephen
Boss of Bosses Lucky Luciano
(Salvatore Lucania)
Brains of the Confederacy
Blumberg of Iowa, who stole
Judah Philip Benjamin (attor- thousands of valuable books
Boss Kett Charles F(ranklin)
ney general, secretary of war, from U.S. libraries
and secretary of state of the Boom Boom B o r i s B e c ke r
Kettering
Confederate States of Amer- (tennis)
Boss Tweed William Marcy
ica) boomer member of the baby-
Tweed
Boston Brahmin Historian
Bram Stoker Abraham Stoker
boom generation Brandy Nan Queen Anne
William Hickling Prescott
boomerang bomber a d - Brann the Iconoclast Wi l l -
Boston Strong Boy J o h n L
vanced technology bomber; iam Cowper Brann, editor and
Sullivan
stealth bomber publisher of The Iconoclast
Botticelli Sandro di Botticell
Boomer’s Paradise Oklahoma Brass Butte, Montana
— palette name of Alessandro
Boomer State Oklahoma Brassai Gyula Halàsz
Filipepi
Booze Bourse Brooklyn, New Brass City Waterbury, Con-
Bourbon Street New Orleans
York necticut
nightlife center
Borax King Francis Marion brat bananas, rice, applesauce,
Bowen Therapy musculoskele-
toast (diet to relieve diarrhea) Smith of Death Valley, Cali-
tal-release therapy developed
by Tom Bowen of Australia
Brattle Island, Galápagos
Borda Count voting system of Tortuga
fornia
Bowery north-south thorough-
Bratwurst Capital Sheboygan, ranking candidates, for math-
fare on Lower East Side of
ematician Jean Charles Borda Wisconsitm
Manhattan, New York City;
notorious for its shabby hotels
Alberto Santos-Dumont Border Country t h e
Brazilian Aviation Pioneer
and saloons
Brazilian emerald green vari- U.S.-Mexican border extend-
Bowie State Arkansas, where
ing from Brownsville, Texas ety of tourmaline
many of its first settlers car-
Brazilian Film Pioneer A l - to San Diego, California
ried bowie knives
Border Eagle State M i s s i s - berto Cavalcanti
Box 500 British secret service
headquartered on Curzon
Brazilian National Composer
Heitor Villa-Lobos Border Minstrel S i r Wa l t e r
sippi
Street, London
Brazilian Ports M a n a u s , Scott
boxer’s ear hematoma auris
Belém do Pará, São Luis, Border State Maine (border-
boxitos people from Yucatan,
Enseada de Mucuipe, Natal, ing on Canada)
Mexico where in Mayan the
Recife, Maceio, Salvador de Border States D e l awa r e ,
word means dark people
Bahia, Ilheus, Vitoria, Rio de Maryland, Virginia, Ken-
Boyhood Home of Mark
Janeiro, Niteroi, Angra dos tucky, and Missouri; before
Twain Hannibal, Missouri
The Boy Manager S t a n l ey
Reis, Santos, Paranagua, São
the Civil War they divided the
Francisco, Itajai, Florianopo- North from the South
Bucky Harris
Boris Karloff William Henry
Boy Orator of the Platte
lis, Laguna, Rio Grande, Porto Alegre
Pratt
William Jennings Bryan
The Boy Shirley Temple
Brazilian ruby topaz altered by heating so it turns pur-
Boris Pilnyak B o r i s A n -
ple-red to salmon-pink and Boris Savinkov Vladimir Rop-
dreyevich Vogau
Bobby Breen
hence passes for a ruby shin
Boy’s Town Omaha, Nebraska;
Brazilian sapphire blue tour- borked what happens to nomi-
redlight sections of many
maline nations torpedoed by an on-
Mexican border towns
Braziller George Braziller slaught of opposition—for
Boz Charles Dickens
Brazil water coffee Robert Bork, unsuccessful
Bozzy James Boswell—biogra-
Bread-and-Butter State Min- nominee to United States Su-
pher and friend of Dr Samuel
nesota preme Court, 1987
Johnson
Bread Basket Fargo, North Borneo Kalimantan
bra burner militant feminist
bracelets slang for handcuffs
Dakota
Eponyms, Nicknames
Breadbasket of Canada
Saskatchewan Breadbasket of Russia t h e Ukraine
Breadbasket of Sweden
southernmost province of Skåne
Breadbasket of the World
central North America (Can- ada and the U.S.)
Breakfast Food City B a t t l e Creek, Michigan Bret Harte Francis Brett Harte Brett Halliday Davis Dresser Brewery Capital Milwaukee Brick Lane L o n d o n , E n -
gland’s East End ghetto bricks traditional businesses in buildings bricks and clicks businesses in buildings and Internet busi- nesses
Bride of the Adriatic Venice Bride of the Sea Venice Bridewell London’s old house
of correction Bridge Bum Alan Sontag Bridge House Wi l m i n g t o n ,
Delaware’s detention home for juvenile delinquents
Bridge of Sighs 16th-century Venetian bridge connecting a prison with a palace where prisoners were tried; any sim- ilar structure connecting a courthouse with a prison
Brigitte Bardot Camille Jarval bright lighters city people Bright’s disease kidney dis-
ease named for its diagnosti- cian Dr Richard Bright of London; nephritis
Brilliant Belgian virtuoso-vio- linist Arthur Grumiaux Brilliant Madman C h a r l e s
XII of Sweden Brill’s disease epidemic ty- phus disease recurring years after the original infection and named for its American diagnostician Dr Nathan E Brill
brimstone sulfur
Bringer of Freedom’s Light
John Huss
Britain’s First Woman Prime
Minister Margaret Thatcher
Britain’s Most Exclusive Club
the House of Commons Britain of the South N ew Zealand
Britain’s Playground B l a c k -
pool (seaside resort on Irish Sea)
Britain’s Premier Passenger
Port Southampton britannia britannia metal (al-
loy of antimony, copper, and zinc used as antifriction ma- terial and for dinnerware)
Britannia Bristol-built military
transport aircraft; Britannia metal; Britannia prima (En- gland); Britannia secunda (Wales)—symbol of Great Britain including Scotland with England and Wales; Brit- ish Empire; Commonwealth of nations; Great Britain and Northern Ireland—the United Kingdom; Roman name for Great Britain
Britain’s Queen of the Blues
Beryl Bryden British America British pos-
sessions in or adjacent to the Americas
British Anatomist Extraordi-
nary Henry Gray British Century the 19th cen-
tury British China Hong Kong be-
fore 1997 British Guiana Guyana British Hardware Centre Bir-
mingham British Honduras Belize British Invasion takeover of
United States airwaves by British rock ’n’ roll groups in- cluding The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, The Who, and The Kinks
British Isle Ports Whitstable,
Port Victoria, Chatham, Til- bury Docks, Gravesend, Woolwich, Greenwich, Lon- don, Wivenhoe, Harwich, Parkeston, Ipswich, Felix- stowe, Lowestoft, Great Yarmouth, King’s Lynn, Bos- ton, Grimsby, Immingham, Kingston-upon-Hull, Goole, Whitby, Middlesbrough, Hartlepool, Seaham, Sunder- land, North Shields, Newcas- tle, Gateshead, Blyth, Leith, Granton, Rosyth Dock Yard, Boness, Grangemouth. Alloa, Burntisland, Kirkcaldy, Me- thil, Perth, Abroath, Mon- trose, Aberdeen, Peterhead,
Fraserburgh, Hopeman, Inv- erness, Cromarty, Invergor- don, Port Mahomack, Helms- dale, Wick, Thurso, Scrabster, Stornoway, Oban, Campbel- town, Greenock, Finnart, Rothesay Dock, Glasgow, Ardrossan, Irvine, Troon, Cairnryan, Douglas, Bangor, Belfast, Larne Lough, Lon- donderry, Sligo, Westport, Galway, Kilrush, Limerick, Foynes, Cobh, Cork Harbour, Rosslare, Dublin, Silloth, Mayrport, Whitehaven, Bar- row-in-Furness, Fleetwood, Preston, Liverpool, Manches- ter, Port Dinorwic, Holyhead, Caernarvon, Milford Haven, Llanelly, Swansea, Port Tal- bot, Barry, Cardiff, Newport, Sharpness, Gloucester, Avon- mouth, Bristol, Portishead, Bideford, St Ives, Penzance, Falmouth, Fowey, Plymouth, Dartmouth, Portland, Wey- m o u t h , P o o l e , C ow e s , Yarmouth, Southampton, Gosport, Portsmouth, Folke- stone, Dover
British Isles Great Britain and Ireland British Laugh Master Benny Hill British Librettist Italian nick- name for Shakespeare, many of his dramatic plots inspired Italian composers
British lion symbol of the Brit- ish Commonwealth as well as of Great Britain
British North Borneo Sabah British Riviera E n g l a n d ’s
south coast from Land’s End to Margate
British Rock Gibraltar British West Indies i s l a n d
possessions or former posses- sions of Great Britain in or near the Caribbean: Bahamas; British Leeward, Virgin, and Windward islands; Jamaica, Tobago, Trinidad
Britons English, Scottish, and Welsh people Brixton Brixton Prison south- east of Plymouth, England; London, England slum; one of London’s largest prisons
broadband high-speed digital networks
Eponyms, Nicknames
Broad-bottomed Administra-
Buddy System trademark of tion o f P r i m e M i n i s t e r
Bruce Graeme Graham Mon-
Countermeasures of Holly- Henry Pelham during the
tague Jeffries
wood, Maryland reign of George II
Brummagen B i r m i n g h a m
Buerger’s disease chronic in- Broken Hill Kabwe, Zambia
(colloquial)
flammation of the blood ves- Bronco North American-Rock-
Bruno Jakob Bronowski
sels in a limb or limbs well OV-10 counterinsur-
Bruno Walter Bruno Walter
Buffalo De Haviland military gency aircraft
Schlesinger
transport aircraft Bronze Age era of mankind
brussels brussels carpet (wo-
Buffalo Bill Colonel William F when implements and weap-
ven with a raised pattern by a
Cody ons were forged from bronze;
method first used in Brus-
Buffalonians people of Buf- period marked by wars and
sels); brussels griffon (toy
falo, New York widespread violence
dog bred in Brussels); brus-
Buffalo Plains State Colorado Bronzino Agnolo di Cosimo
sels lace (high-quality floral-
Bug-eaters Nebraskans Brook Farm utopian commu-
pattern lace); brussels sprouts
Bug-eating State Nebraska nity founded by leading
(small cabbage-like vegeta-
Bughouse Square P e r s h i n g American transcendentalists
ble)
Square in Los Angeles, Union in 1841 but disbanded by
Brussels system universal dec-
Square in New York, Wash- 1847 near West Roxbury, now
imal classification
ington Square in Chicago Boston, Massachusetts; nick-
B-town Beantown; Blounts-
Bugs b o o t l eg g e r- bu rg l a r name of similar ventures
town; Boys Town
George Moran (1893–1957); Brook Farmers Albert Bris-
B Traven Berick Traven Tor-
Tom Burgmeier (baseball bane, Orestes Brownson,
scan Croves
player) Charles A Dana, John S Dwight, Ralph Waldo Emer-
Bubble Boy David, who died,
at age 12, of severe combined
Bugs Baer Arthur Baer
Buhl’s disease fatty degenera- son, Margaret Fuller, Horace
immunodeficiency disease af-
tion associated with hemoglo- Greeley, Nathaniel Hawthorn,
ter living in an isolated envi-
Isaac Hecker, George Ripley,
ronment
binuria
Built on Oil, Soil, and Toil
Ponca City, Oklahoma Brother John John Bull—long
Henry David Thoreau
bubble-boy disease s eve r e
combined immunodeficiency
the personification of the Brit-
disease
Bukavu Costermansville Bulgarian Ports M i c h u r i n ,
Akhtopol, Bukhta Tsiganski, Brother Jonathan B r i t i s h
ish Empire
Bubbles 18th-century English
firms issuing speculative
nickname for the United
stock
Burgas, Varna, Evksinograd, Kavarna
States and its citizens
bubbly champagne Buccaneer Hawker-Siddeley
Bulgarian Quadrilateral f o r- The Brothers R o c ke f e l l e r brothers—John D III, Nelson,
jet aircraft for military appli-
tress towns of Rustchuk, Schumla, Silistria, and Varna
Bulge The Bulge of Brazil con- Brothers Goncourt E d m u n d
Laurance, David
cations
Bückeburg Bach J o h a n n
sisting of South America’s and Jules de Goncourt—liter-
easternmost coast between ary collaborators
Christoph Friedrich Bach Bucketfoot Al A l S i m m o n s
João Pessoa and Recife Brothers Grimm J a c o b a n d
(baseball player)
Bulldog Jim Bouton (baseball player); Scottish Aviation sin-
Wilhelm Grimm
Buckeye North American Rock-
The Brothers Hildebrandt
gle-engine two-place trainer Gregory and Timothy Hilde-
well trainer aircraft desig-
The Bulldozer Richard Hol- brooke (diplomat) Brown Bomber Joe Lewis
nated T-2
brandt (illustrators)
Buckeye(s) Ohioan(s)
Bullet Joe Joe Bush (baseball brown coal lignite
Buckeye State Ohio
player) Brownie Mary M a r y J a n e
Buckie R(ichard) Buckminster
Bull Halsey Admiral William Rathbun
Fuller
F Halsey Junior Brownie McGhee Wa l t e r
buckminster fullerine g e o d e -
Bullion State Missouri Brown McGhee
sic-shaped molecule named
bull market stock market short brown lung byssinosis or cot-
for Buckminster Fuller
form indicating an upward ton-dust disease
Buckshot Glenn Wright (base-
trend in securities Brown Shirts Hitler’s follow-
ball player)
Bull Moose T h e o d o r e ers
buckyballs geodesic dome-
Roosevelt—twenty-sixth Brownstone State Connecti-
shaped carbon molecule
President of the United States cut
named for American architect
Bullpup Maxson air-to-surface Brow of the Universe Scandi-
and engineer (Richard) Buck-
missile navia
minster Fuller (1895–1983)
Bullring of Basra white-slave BR Town Baton Rouge, Loui-
Bud Abbott William Abbott
market close to Iraq’s Persian siana
Buddha Siddhartha Gautama
Buddy Rogers Charles Rogers
Gulf coast
Eponyms, Nicknames
Bull Run Manassas
Butcher of the Balkans A n -
cabbage with a college educa-
Bullwood Hall borstal in Es-
tion Mark Twain’s nickname sex, England
drija Artukovic
for cauliflower Bumble Bee Slim Amos Eas-
Butcher of Berlin Adolf Hit-
Cabo Tormentoso ( P o r t u - ton
ler
guese—Cape of Storms)— Bung Karno (Malay–Brother
butcher bird loggerhead shrike
Cape of Good Hope Karno)—Indonesian dictator
Butcher of Budapest S ov i e t
Cacos (Spanish—pickpock- Sukarno
Prime Minister Nikita
ets, poltroons)—nickname of Bunions Rollie Zeider (base-
Khrushchev so named be-
a Guatemalan political party ball player)
cause of his brutal suppres-
Cactus code name for French bunsen bunsen burner (named
sion of the Hungarian free-
Mach l.2 surface-to-air mis- for the German chemist Rob-
dom fighters
sile ert Wilhelm Bunsen)
Butcher of Cambodia Ta Mok
Butcher of the Caribbean
Cactus Blossom Capital
Buntline Ned Buntline—nom
Rafael Trujillo
Phoenix, Arizona
Cactus Jack Vice President son
de plume of Edward ZC Jud-
Butcher of Lyon Klaus Barbie
John Nance Garner also Buranello Baldassare Galuppi
Butcher of Prague Reinhard
called the Sage of Uvalde The Burg New York City
Heydrich—Hitler’s Reichs-
Cactus State New Mexico Burke to kill by suffocation as
protektor of Bohemia
Caesar Augusta ( L a t i n — in the case of William Burke,
butter butts y e l l ow - r u m p e d
Zaragoza)—called Saragossa the Irish criminal who suffo-
warblers
by the British cated his victims so he could
Butter Capital O wa t o n n a ,
cafeteria bug Clostridium per- sell their bodies for dissection
fringens Burkitt’s lymphoma c a n c e r
Minnesota
Caffarelli Gaetano Majorano that affects children; named
Buttercup Carl Anderson (bas-
Cagliostro Giuseppe Balsamo for Dr Dennis Burkitt
ketball player)
Buttermilk Tommy To m m y
Cajetan Tommaso de Vio-Ital- Burlington Route C h i c a g o ,
ian cardinal who failed to per- Burlington, and Quincy (rail-
Dowd (baseball player)
suade Martin Luther to re- road)
Butternuts Tennesseans
main within the Catholic Burl Ives Icle Ivanhoe Ives
Buys Ballot’s law if someone
Church and carry on reforms Burma former name of Myan-
in Northern Hemisphere
from within mar
stands with back to wind, at-
Cajun a descendant of French- burmese burmese cat (orange-
mospheric pressure will be
speaking immigrants from eye cat originating in Burma);
lower to his left hand than to
Acadia; their dialect burmese lacquer (grayish var-
his right, and the reverse in
Cajun Country Bayou Teche, nish); burmese ruby (peony)
Southern Hemisphere
Louisiana, also called Teche Burmese Ports Sittwe, Kyauk-
Buzzards Georgians
Buzzard State Georgia
Country
pyu, Bassein, Rangoon, Moul- Calamity Jane Martha Jane
Bye Bye Steve Balboni (base-
mein Burke also known as Canary
ball player)
Burns and Allen c o m e d i a n s Jane whose activities resulted
Byron pen name of George
George Burns (Nathan Birn- in the deaths of eleven of her
Gordon who used the family
baum) and Gracie Allen twelve husbands
title of Lord Byron
Burping Bedpost bassoon Calhoun Gulch C h a r l e s t o n ,
Byron Janis Byron Yanks
South Carolina district Burrhead Ferris Fain (baseball
Bytown original name of Ot-
California Channels Channel player)
tawa, Canada
Burt L Standish Gilbert Pat- Islands south of Santa Bar-
Byzantium ( L a t i n — I s t a n -
ten—creator of the American bara (Anacapa, San Miguel,
bul)—Constantinople
boy hero—Frank Merriwell Santa Cruz, Santa Rosa)
CABAL rnembers of the secret
California Ports San Diego, Busby Berkeley William Ber-
cabinet of Charles Il of En-
Long Beach, Los Angeles, keley Enos
gland; by coincidence their
initials spelled cabal—Clif-
San Pedro, Monterey, San
business-man’s special
Francisco, Alameda, Oak- 45-minute psychosis pro-
ford of Chudleigh, Ashley
land, Port Richmond, Mare duced by dimethltryptamine
(Lord Shaftesbury), Bucking-
Island, Port Chicago, Stock- Busta Sir Alexander Busta-
ham (George Villiers), Ar-
ton, Sacramento, Eureka mante
lington (Henry Bennet), Lau-
California prayerbook d e c k Bustees Calcutta slum
derdale (John Maitland)
of cards Buster Keaton Joseph Francis
cabbage cabg (coronary artery
California Riviera oceanside Keaton
bypass grafting)
resorts ranging from San Di- butch lesbian who plays male
Cabbage Patch Victoria, Aus-
ego to Santa Barbara role
tralia
California’s Cornerstone San Butch Fiorello H LaGuardia
Cabbage Town Toronto, On-
tario slum
Diego
Eponyms, Nicknames
Caligula Gaius Caesar
Canadian black C a n a d i a n - Calle de la Ballesta ( S p a n -
Campo Alegre (Papiamento or
grown marijuana ish—Street of the Cross-
Spanish— Happy Country)—
Canadian Comedians Lou Ja- bow)—Madrid’s nightclub
Curaçao’s controlled brothel
cobi; Rich Little neighborhood
above the hills of Willemstad
campo santo (Italian, Portu-
Canadian Commonwealth
Calle Florida (Spanish—Flor-
Canada and its territories ida Street)—celebrated shop-
guese, Spanish—sacred
ground)—name of many
Canadian Composer-Conduc-
tor-Educator S i r E r n e s t Calpe (Phoenician—Rock of
ping center of Buenos Aires
burial places throughout the
Campbell Macmillan Gibraltar)—one of the Pillars
Latin world
Canadian Dominion C a n a d a of Hercules flanking Straits of
camp robber gray jay (or other
and its territories Gibraltar
Corvidae)
Canadian Freethinker M a r- Calve Emma Calvé— opera-
Can King Canute of Denmark
shall J Gauvin house name of the soprano
and England
Canadian Galapagos Q u e e n Emma de Roquer
Canada second largest nation;
Charlotte Islands Calvin John Calvin (originally
Canada anemone, balsam,
barberry, birch, blueberry,
Canadian Gateway to the
Pacific British Columbia Calypso Capital Port of Spain,
Jean Chauvin)
bluegrass, buffalo berry, field
pea, fleabane, ginger, goose,
Canadian Georgia O’Keeffe
painter Emily Carr Cambodia f o r m e r l y P r e a h
Trinidad
h a r e , h e m p . j a y, l i l y,
Canadian Humorist Stephen Reach Ana Chak Kampuchea
lymegrass, lynx, mayflower,
B(utler) Leacock Canadian Kaleidoscope T h e Khmer Republic, or Demo-
mint, moonseed, pea, pitch,
or simply Kampuchea, the
plum, potato, rockrose, root,
Province of Ontario cratic Kampuchea
tea, turpentine, violet, warb-
ler, wormwood, yew
Canadian Ports ( e a s t c o a s t
Cambodian-Incursion Presi-
Canada’s Breadbasket
Cartwright, Saint Anthony, Cambodian Ports K a m p o n g
dent Richard Nixon
Saskatchewan
and Great Lakes) Churchill,
Roddickton, Springdale, Baie Saom, Kampot, Phumi Phsar
Canada’s Doorstep N ova
Scotia
Ream
Canada’s Heartland T h e
Verte, Fortune Harbour, Bot- wood, Catalina, Clarenville,
Cambridge Group R a l p h
Province of Manitoba
Waldo Emerson, Oliver Wen-
Canada’s Ocean Playground
Harbour Grace, Wabana, St John’s, Argentia, Burin, St
dell Holmes, Henry Wad-
Pierre, Grand Bank, St sworth Longfellow, James
Nova Scotia
George’s, Corner Brook, Russell Lowell, John Green-
Canada’s Principal Ports
Humbermouth, Sept-Iles, leaf Whittier
Halifax and Montreal on the
Atlantic, Vancouver on the
Baie-Comeau, Rimouski,
Camden and Amboy State
Tadoussac, Port Alfred, Chi- New Jersey
Pacific
coutimi, Riviere du Loup, Camel NATO name for Soviet
Canada’s Storied Province
Québec, Trois Rivieres, Sorel, Tu-104 transport aircraft
Québec
Varennes, Montreal, Ottawa, Camel-driver of Mecca t h e
Canada’s Wonder City To r-
Lower Lakes Terminal, Pres- Prophet Mohammed
onto
cott, Belleville, Trenton, Co- Camellia Capital S a c r a -
Canadian C a n a d i a n b a c o n
bourg, Port Hope, Oshawa, mento, California
(boned pork loin strips); Ca-
Port Whitby, Toronto, Hamil- Camellia City Greenville, Al-
nadian cheddar (usually
ton, Port Weller, Welland, abama
smoother and spicier than
American cheddar cheese);
Port Colborne, Port Maitland,
Camera Eye M a x B i s h o p Rondeau Harbor, Amherts-
Canadian football (rouge);
(baseball player) burg, Windsor, Sarnia, Port
Canadian-French; Canadian
Cameroon Ports Ti ko , Edward, Goderich, Owen
humorist (Stephen Leacock);
Sound, Collingwood, Mid- Douala, Victoria, Kribi
Canadianism; Canadianize;
land, Parry Sound, Little Cur- Camille Erlanger F r é d e r i c
Canadian whiskey (rye); pre-
rent, Sault Ste Marie, Thun- Regnal
fix given such items as Cana-
der Bay, Gaspé, Chandler, Camille Pissarro J a c o b
dian bacon, football, French
Pa s p é b i a c , D a l h o u s i e , Pizarro
(inhabitant or language),
Bathurst, Caraquet, Chatham, camisole(s) straitjacket(s)—
goldenrod, goose, hemlock,
Newcastle, Souris, George- institutional euphemism
holly, lynx, whiskey
town, Charlottetown, Sum- Campagna di Roma (Italian—
Canadian Arctic area north of
merside, Pictou, North Syd- Roman Campagna)— undu-
the Arctic Circle including is-
n ey, S y d n ey, H a l i f a x , lating lowlands around Rome
lands, the North Magnetic
Lunenburg, Liverpool Shel- Campanella Tommaso Cam-
Pole, and the Northwest Ter-
burne Yarmouth, Digby, panello (originally Giovanni
ritories
Parrsboro, Moncton, St John, Somenico)
Canadian Atheist Marshall J
Gauvin
Letang Harbor; (west coast)
Eponyms, Nicknames
New Westminster, Vancouver,
Capital Province Ontario Horseshoe Bay, Powell River,
The Cape Cape Ann, Cape
The Capital Punisher F r a n k Comox, Nanaimo, Victoria,
Cod, Cape of Good Hope,
Howard (baseball player) Esquimalt, Port Alice, Ocean
Cape Hatteras, Cape Horn,
Cape Province (Union of
Capital of the Rhineland
Cologne (Köln), Germany Canadian potato artichoke
Falls, Prince Rupert
South Africa); Cape Town
Capital of the World N ew Canadian Twin Cities Fo r t
Cape of the Californias Cabo
York City—seat of the United William and Port Arthur
San Lucas (at the lower tip of
Nations Canal Concessionaire Vi -
Baja California)
Cape Cod peninsula enclosing
Capstone of Negro Education
comte Ferdinand Marie de
Howard University Lesseps—original promoter
Cape Cod Bay
Captain Kidd William Kidd— of the Suez and the Panama
Cape Cod turkey codfish
privateer-pirate Canal
Cape Dutch Afrikaans
Captain Late J a m e s S i l a s Canaletto Antonio Canale;
Cape Horner(s) deep-sea sail-
(baseball player) Giovanni Antonio Canal
ing vessel(s) rounding Cape
Captain Planet Jacques-Yves Canal of Fire Suez Canal
Horn in southernmost South
Cousteau canalimony $25-million-dol-
America
Captain Sir Richard Captain lar alimony United States
Cape Horn fever i m a g i n a r y
Sir Richard Francis Burton paid Colombia in 1922 for
malady of sailors who com-
Captain Van George Vancou- separating its province of
plain they are ill when the sea
ver, British sea captain, ex- Panama in 1903 so it could
is rough or there is too much
plorer proceed unhindered in con-
work
Captive of History Northern structing the Panama Canal
Cape Kennedy Cape Canav-
Ireland Canal Zone Capital B a l b o a
eral, Florida
Capucine Germaine Lefebvre Heights
Cape May Pen C a p e M a y
Caracas capital of Venezuela canaries of the sea b e l u g a
Peninsula in southernmost
and named for its founder, whales
New Jersey
Santiago de León de Caracas Canberra British twin-jet light
Cape Stiff Cape Horn
Caran d’Ache E m m a n u e l bomber built by BAC
Cape of Storms Cape of Good
Poiré Candia Erakleion
Hope
Carat City diamond-mining Canecutters sugar-cane-cut-
Cape V Cape Verde (whose
Kimberly, South Africa ting Queensland, Australians
capital is Praia)
Cape Verde Island Ports Min-
Caravaggio, Michelangelo da
Cane Sugar States F l o r i d a ,
Michelangelo Merisio Hawaii, and Louisiana
delo, Santa Maria, Preguiça,
Praia
Caravaggio, Polidoro da Poli-
Canned Salmon Capital
doro, Caldara Ketchikan, Alaska
Cape York Pen C a p e Yo r k
Caravan of Death C h i l e a n Cannery City Seattle, Wash-
Peninsula in northern Austra-
leader Augusto Pinochet’s ington
lia
traveling military death squad Cannery Row Monterey, Cali-
Capi Muriel Wylie Blanchet
Capirucha Mexican-American-
carbolic acid phenol
fornia’s fishery foreshore de- Carbonaro Napoleon III be-
ism for Mexico City
scribed by John Steinbeck in lieved to belong to the Car- his novel
Capital of Black America
boneria political society Cannon City K a n n a p o l i s ,
Harlem section of New York
City
Cargo Port of the Pacific
North Carolina where Can-
Vancouver, British Columbia non towels are made
Capital of the Black Middle
Class Durham, North Caro-
Carib Carib Indians; Carib-
Cannon King Alfred Krupp— bean countries; Caribbean
lina
German armament manufac- Sea between the Antilles,
Capital of the Cotswolds Cir-
turer (1812–1887) Central America, northern
encester
Capital of the Highlands Inv-
Cannon Kings of Germany
South America
Caribou De Havilland twin-en- The Krupp family
erness, Scotland
gine stol transport designated Canoe City Old Town, Maine
Capital of Hope Brasilia
DHC-4 in Canada and C-7A canola Canada oil (rapeseed)
Capital of the Incan Empire
in the United States where it Cantabrian Surge Bay of Bis-
Cuzco, Peru
is also called CV-2A cay
Capital of Memory A l ex a n -
Carinthia Kärnten, Austria Cantinflas Mario Moreno
dria, Egypt, according to
Carioca(s) native(s) of Rio de Canuck F r e n c h - C a n a d i a n ;
Lawrence Durrell
Janeiro twoplace jet interceptor built
Capital of the Pirate Coast
Carl Brandes Edvard Cohen in Canada by Avro and desig-
Ras Al-Khaimak (northern-
Carleton Kendrake Erle Stan- nated CF-100
most sheikdom of Trucial
ley Gardner Canuckland Canada
Oman at the Strait of Ormuz)
Carl Milles Vilhelm Carl Emil Cao Tú Phan Van Khoai
Capital of Polynesia A u c k -
land, New Zealand
Anderson
Eponyms, Nicknames
Carlo Collodi Carlo Lorenzini
Celery City C e d a r R a p i d s , Carlo Maria C a r l o M a r i a
Casey Stengel Charles Dillon
Iowa; Kalamazoo, Michigan Giulini
Stengel
Celestial City John Bunyan’s Carlos Arruza C a r l o s R u i z
Cash and Cary m i l l i o n a i r e
name for Heaven in Pilgrim’s Carnino
Barbara Hutton and actor
Progress ; old traveller’s name Carmella Ponselle C a r m e l l a
Cary Grant, as known when
for Peking, China Ponzillo
they married
Celestial Empire Chinese Em- Carmen Miranda M a r i a d e
Casino City Monte Carlo, Mo-
pire Cormo Cunha
naco
Celine L o u i s - F e r d i n a n d Carmen Silva E l i s a b e t h
castile castile soap (mild clean-
Destouches Carnegie’s Savior Vi o l i n i s t
ing agent originally made in
Queen of Romania
Celtic Fringe peoples of Corn- Isaac Stern who saved Carn-
Castile, Spain from olive oil
wall, Ireland, Scotland, and egie Hall from oblivion
and sodium hydroxide)
Wales on the fringe of En- Carol Carnac Edith Caroline
Cast-Iron Commodore M a t -
gland Rivett
thew Calbraith Perry
The Cat H a r r y B r e c h e e n
Celts Bretons, Cornish, Gaels, Carole King Carole Klein
(baseball)
Irish Gaelics, Manx, Scots Carolina Game Cock Thomas
Catch-Me-Who-Can Richard
Gaelics Sumter
Trevithick’s railway engine
Cement City A l l e n t ow n , Carolina racehorse r a z o r-
tested in 1808
Pennsylvania back hog
cat gold mica; yellowish mica
Censor of the Age T h o m a s Carol Lombard Jane Peters
Cathay China
Carlyle Carolus Magnus C h a r l e -
Cathedral of Learning U n i -
Centennials Coloradans magne
ve r s i t y o f P i t t s bu rg h ’s
Centennial State Colorado Caronia La Coruña (north-
52-story building
Center of Austria Salzburg western Spain in Roman
Cathedral of Music Carnegie
Hall, New York City
Center of the Copper Circle
Tucson, Arizona carpenter fish sperm whale
times)
catnip of the butterfly world
Center of the Nation To p e k a , Dalton, Georgia
buddleia
Carpet Capital of the World
cats catfish
Kansas Carpet City Amsterdam, New
Center of Scenic America Utah York
cat’s eye chrysoberyl
cat’s fur Guatemalan mist
catsie cat’s-eye playing marble;
Center of the Sunshine State
Carrion’s disease P e r u v i a n -
Pierre, South Dakota sandfly anemia
polished agate resembling a
Central African Empire f o r- Carter Curtain Tortilla Cur-
cat’s eye
merly the Central African Re- tain
Cattle Capital Willcox, Ari-
public created from the Carter Doctrine d e f e n d t h e
zona
Ubangi Shari territory of Persian Gulf (named for
Caudillo de la Independencia
French Equatorial Africa Jimmy Carter, thirty-ninth
de Uruguay ( S p a n i s h —
Central America l a n d b e - president of the United
Chief of the Independence of
tween Colombia and Mex- States)
Uruguay)—José Gervasio
ico—Belize, Costa Rica, El The Carthaginian Lion G e n -
Artigas
Salvador, Guatemala, Hondu- eral Hannibal
cauliflower ear hematoma au-
ras, Nicaragua, and Panamá Cary Grant Archibald Leach
ris
Central Americans C o s t a Casablanca Miami, Florida
Cavaliers Virginians
Ricans, Guatemalans, Hon- Casa Grande Wi l l i a m R a n -
Cavalier State Virginia
durans, Nicaraguans, Pana- dolph Hearst’s main house at
caviar of drugs cocaine
manians, Salvadorans San Simeon, California
Cayenne French Guiana
Central Bureau Amsterdam’s Casanova Giacomo Girolamo
Cayo Hueso (Spanish—Bone
old section for illegal and il- Casa Pacifica former Presi-
Key)—original name of Key
licit activities dent Nixon’s Spanish-colo-
West, Florida
Central Powers Austria-Hun- Clemente, California
Cayuse Hughes OH-6 observa-
gary; Bulgaria; Germany, and Casa Rosada (Spanish—Pink
nial seaside home at San
tion helicopter
Turkey (in World War I) House)—Argentine presi-
C Day Lewis Nicholas Blake
Cedar Crest executive man-
sion of the governor of Kan-
Central Prairie Province
dent’s office building in Bue-
Saskatchewan nos Aires
sas and eponym for executive
Central Provinces O n t a r i o Casbah Algiers, Algeria’s hill-
government throughout the
and Québec side redlight and underworld
state.
Central State Kansas district
Cee Cee Claudia Cardinale
Centurion British tank carry- Casey Jones J o h n L u t h e r
Celery Capital K a l a m a z o o ,
ing a crew of 4 and guns up Jones
Michigan; Sanford, Florida;
San Ysidro, California
to 105mm
Eponyms, Nicknames
Century of Confusion the 9th
Charles J Kenney Erle Stan- century when the empire of
Champion of the Old South
ley Gardner Charlemagne disintegrated—
President John Tyler
Charles the Simple C h a r l e s the 800s
Champions of Individualism
III of France Century of the Exodus t h e
John Stuart Mill and Herbert
Charley slang for Vietcong 13th century before the Chris-
Spencer
Charley Car St Charles Ave- tian era when Moses led the
Champion of States Rights
nue trolleycar; one of Amer- Israelites out of Egypt and
John C Calhoun—U.S. Sena-
ica’s oldest and the last in across the Red Sea—the
tor from South Carolina
New Orleans 1200s
Champion of the Underdog
Charley South C h a r l e s t o n , Ceramic City East Liverpool,
Clarence Darrow
South Carolina Ohio
Chance Personified Fo r t u n a
Charley West C h a r l e s t o n , Cereal City B a t t l e C r e e k ,
(Roman); Tyche (Greek)
West Virginia Michigan, and Cedar Rapids,
Chandeleurs Chandeleur Is-
Charlie Charles; letter C radio Iowa
lands off the coast of Louisi-
code; NATO name for Soviet Cervantes Miguel de Cer-
ana
C-class submarines built to vantes Saavedra (Spain’s
The Channel Beagle; English;
launch missiles underwater foremost author)
St George’s
Charlie Chaplin C h a r l e s Cesspool of Crime London or
Spencer Chaplin Paris around the turn of the
Channel City Santa Barbara,
Charlie Hustle P e t e R o s e century; New York today
California
Channel fever the sense of ex-
citement evident aboard ships
(baseball player)
Cesspool of Latin America
Charlot (Spanish—Charlie)— Cayenne, French Guiana
Charlie Chaplin Cesspool of Pirates J o h n F
approaching their port
Channel Islands J e r s ey,
Guernsey, Alderney, Brechau,
Charm Spot of the Deep
Kennedy International Air-
South Mobile, Alabama port in New York where cargo
Charter Oak City H a r t f o r d , thefts are the highest in the
Great Sark, Little Sark, Herm,
Jethou, Lihou; also off Cali-
Connecticut, where the origi- nation
fornia’s coast near Santa Bar-
nal charter was hidden in an Ceylon Sri Lanka
bara
oak tree to insure the liberty Chagas-Cruz disease S o u t h
Chapino(s) Guatemalan(s)
of the First settlers American sleeping sickness
Charter Oak State Connecti- Chained Lady Andromeda
Chappiequack C h a p p a q u a ,
New York
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
cut
Chairman of the Board
muscular atrophy
Chatham Island, Galápagos
Frank Sinatra; Whitey Ford San Cristóbal
(Ed Ford— baseball) cheapies cheap goods; cheap
Charger Convair multipurpose
short takeoff-and-landing air-
Chairman Mao M a o
merchandise; cheap stocks Tse-Tung
Checkpoint Charlie f o r m e r Champagne of Drugs cocaine
plane
Charioteer B r i t i s h Wo r l d
international frontier between
East and West Berlin Champagne of Teas D a r j e e l -
War II medium tank armed
Cheesebox convict’s nickname ing tea (from Darjeeling, In-
with an 83.4mm gun
for the Illinois penitentiary at dia)
Charles Atlas Angelo Sicil-
iano
Statesville
Champion of Copernican Cos-
Che Guevara Ernesto Guevara mology Italian philosopher
Charles the Bald Charles I of
de la Serna Giordano Bruno
France
Chelmer native of Chelm (an- Champion of Darwin T h o -
Charles B Child C Ve r n o n
cient Jewish town in Poland mas Henry Huxley
Frost
Charles Blondin J e a n
known in folklore as the Town
Champion of Education
of Fools) Horace Mann
François Gravelet (French ac-
robat who walked tightrope
Chelmo Polish name for con-
Champion of Freethought
centration camp called Kulm- President John F Kennedy
above Niagara River near
hof by the Germans who believed in an America
Niagara Falls in 1855, 1859,
Chelsea Gang John Dos Pas- where the separation of
sos, Suzanne La Follette, Sin- church and state is absolute
Charles Bronson C h a r l e s
clair Lewis, Mary McCarthy, and who renounced the ap-
Buchinski
Ben Stolberg, who were pointment of an American
Charles Dalmorès Henry Al-
among the first to expose the ambassador to the Vatican and
phonse Boin
totalitarian nature of the tax support of parochial
Charles de Secondat B a r o n
USSR; lived in the Chelsea schools
de la Brède et Montesquieu
Hotel, New York City Champion of Liberty E n -
Charles the Fat Charles II of
Chemical Capital Wi l m i n g - glish reformer Charles Brad-
France
ton, Delaware laugh
Charles Island, Galápagos
Floreana or Santa Maria
Chemnitz Karl-Marx-Stadt
Eponyms, Nicknames
Chequers British prime minis-
Talcahuano, Coronella, Lota,
Chinese Offshore Ports on
Formosa or Taiwan C h i - Cher Cherilyn Sarkisian
ter’s country home
Valdivia, Puerto Montt, Pu-
lung (Keelung), Kaohsiung, Chero(s) Salvadoran(s)—per-
erto Quellon, Punta Arenas
Su-Ao, Hua-Lien, Tso-Ying, son or people of El Salvador,
Chile’s Principal Port Va l -
An-Ping, Tan-Shui Central America
paraiso
Chimneyville Jackson, Missis-
Chinese Restaurant Syn-
Cheryl Ladd Cheryl Stoppel-
drome symptoms of those moor
sippi
sensitive to MSG (monoso- Chester Conklin Jules Cowles
dium glutamate)—tingling, Cheyenne Mountain a i r- d e -
china clay kaolin (hydrous alu-
headache, numbness, flush, fense complex near Pike’s
minum silicate)
palpitations Peak, Colorado
China’s Baby Capital Guang-
Chinese tobacco opium Chicago Group p o e t s a n d
zhou (Canton), China
chinese white zinc oxide (ZnO) writers born in the Chicago
China’s Main Street Yangtze
Chinese white fentanyl area around 1900—Sherwood
Kiang (Chinese—Yangtze
Chino Men California (correc- Anderson, Willa Cather,
River)
tional) Institution for Men at Floyd Dell, John Dos Passos,
China’s Sorrow soil-eroding
Chino Theodore Dreiser, Finley Pe-
Yellow River
Chinook Boeing-Vertol twin- ter Dunne, James T Farrell,
Chinatown Chinese quarter of
rotor helicopter designated Francis Hackett, Harry
any city outside China
CH-47 Hansen, Ernest Hemingway,
China Valley San Gabriel Val-
Chinook State Washington Vachel Lindsay, Archibald
ley, California
Chipmunk Hawker-Siddeley MacLeish, Edgar Lee Mas-
china white synthetic heroin
trainer aircrraft ters, Harriett Monroe, Frank
(often deadly)
China white fentanyl (more
Chitlin Capital of the World
Norris, Burton Rascoe, Carl
Salley, South Carolina Sandburg, Kay Boyle, TS
powerful than morphine, also
Chi Town Chicago’s nickname Eliot, Scott Fitzgerald, Sin-
nicknamed Persian white)
chloride of lime b l e a c h i n g clair Lewis, Carl and Mark
chinese chinese banana (dwarf
powder Van Doren
banana), chinese cabbage
The Chicago of the Ever-
(petsai) , chinese checkers,
Chocolate City H e r s h ey,
Pennsylvania
Chocolate Coast Ghana Chicago piano s u b m a c h i n e
glades Clewiston, Florida
chinese gelatin (agar or isin-
glass), chinese glue (alcohol
Choctaw Sikorsky troop-trans- gun
+ shellac), chinese greens
port helicopter designated Chi-chi naval nickname for
(vegetables), chinese ink (in-
H-34 Christchurch, South Island,
dia ink), chinese puzzle, chi- nese red, chinese watermelon
Cholera Capital Calcutta New Zealand
Cholly Knickerbocker I g o r Chickasaw Sikorsky transport
(wax gourd), chinese white (barium sulfate), chinese
Cassini helicopter designated H-19 or
Chomolungma Ti b e t a n — UH-19
wood oil (tung oil)
Mount Everest Chicken Noodle News C a b l e
Choo-Choo Town C h a t t a - News Network’s nickname in
Chinese anesthesia acupunc-
nooga, Tennessee its infancy
ture
chop shop place where stolen Chicken War trade dispute in
Chinese cows soybeans Chinese Gordon British gen-
autos are dismantled and sold the 1960s between the United
by the part States and some European na-
eral Charles George Gordon
Chosen Apostle s e l f - p r o - tions over frozen chicken
who suppressed the Taiping
claimed radio preacher Her- Chico Marx Leonard Marx
rebels; later named Gordon
bert W Armstrong The Chief Herbert Hoover,
Pasha for similar services in
Chotzie Samuel Chotzinoff train on Chicago-Los Angeles
the Sudan
Christiania Oslo’s medieval run of Santa Fe
Chinese Mainland Ports
name Chieftain British main battle
Macao, Huang-Pu, Kuang-
Christianna Brand M a r y tank armed with a 120mm
Chou, Hong Kong (former
Christianna Milne Lewis gun
British Crown Colony),
Christian Right A m e r i c a n Child of the Mississippi Lou-
Shant-T Ou, HsiaMen,
Coalition for Traditional Val- isiana
L o - H s i n g - Ta , M a o - Ti ,
ues (includes the Moral Ma- Children of Joseph Israelites
Ning-Po, Shanghai, Chen
jority) Children of Pharoah E g y p -
Chiang, Nan-Ching, Wu-Hu,
Christmas Cove South Bris- tians
Chiu-Chiang, Hang-kou,
tol, Maine Chilean Ports San Juan Bau-
Chang-Sha, Ching-Tao, Wei-
Christopher Columbus Cris- tista, Arica, Iquique. Toco-
Hai, Yen-Tai, Ta-Ku. Tieng-
tóbal Colón (Spanish); Cris- pilla, Antofagasta, Taltal, Val-
Ching, Chin-Huang-Tao, Hu-
toforo Colombo (Italian) paraiso, San Antonio.
Lu-Tao, Ying-K-Ou, Lu-
Shun, Luta (Dairen)
Chromium Continent Africa
Eponyms, Nicknames
Chrysler Chrysler Building of
City of Brick Pullman, Illinois New York at 42nd Street and
The City financial, govern-
City of Brotherly Love Phila- Lexington Avenue
mental, historical, and com-
delphia (derived from the Chuck Norris Carlos Ray
mercial core of London, in-
Greek) philos (love) and adel- Chuco Mexican-Americanism
cluding newspaper publishing
phos (brother) for El Paso, Texas
district, Bank of England,
City of the Caliphs Cairo Chuey ( S p a n i s h - A m e r i c a n
Lloyd’s, many famous restau-
City of the Camellias Pensa- nickname—Jesus)
rants; San Francisco, Califor-
cola, Florida Chuppies Chinese urban pro-
nia
City of 1000 Lakes O k l a -
City of Canals and Bridges
Amsterdam, Copenhagen, chutz chutzpah (Yiddish—un-
fessionals
homa City, Oklahoma
Leningrad, Stockholm, and mitigated gall; some nerve)
City of Abraham Hebron, Is-
Venice Cicero Marcus Tullius
rael
City of the Carmel Haifa, Is- Cigar Capital Key West, Flor-
City of Alexander the Great
rael, on the slopes of Mount ida; Tampa, Florida
Alexandria, Egypt
Carmel Cigar City Tampa, Florida
City of Aluminum A r v i d a ,
City of Castles Copenhagen Cigarette Josiah Flynt Willard
Québec
City of Cats Venice (felines Cincinnati oysters pig’s feet
City of the Angel San Angelo,
outnumber people) cinnamon stone hessonite
Texas
City of Certainties D e s Cinquecento ( I t a l i a n — fi ve
City of Angels Bangkok, Los
Moines, Iowa hundred)—Italy’s 16th cen-
Angeles
City of Champions Pittsburgh tury artistic and cultural de-
City of the Apprentice Boys
City of Cheese Dutch cities of velopment
Londonderry, Northern Ire-
Alkmaar and Gouda Cipango Japan, as it was called
land
City of the Arctic Tr o m s o ,
City of Cheese, Chairs, Chil-
dren, and Churches S h e - Circus King John Ringling
by early European explorers
Norway
boygan, Wisconsin Cisco Kid Duncan Reynaldo
City of the Arts Minneapolis
City of Churches B r o o k l y n , (Renault Renaldo Duncan)
City of Athena Athens
New York Cissie Patterson Eleanor Me-
City of Baked Beans Boston,
City College British euphe- dill Patterson
Massachusetts
mistic name for Newgate Cissy Loftus M a r y C e c i l i a
City by the Bay S a n F r a n -
Gaol—the old London M’Carthy
cisco
lockup; New Yorker nick- The Cit The Citadel Military
City of Beaches Montevideo,
name for the Tombs prison, in College of South Carolina
Uruguay
Manhattan Citadel of Budapest Burgberg
City of Beautiful Spires
City of Coral coral reefs off Citians people of Minneapolis
Copenhagen
the Virgin Islands and St Paul also called Twin
City of Bells S t r a s b o u rg ,
City of Corsairs S t M a l o , Citians
France
France Cities of Culture E d i n bu rg h
City of Berwald Stockholm,
City of Cypresses Rome and Glasgow
Sweden
City of David Jerusalem Cities of the Plain A d m a h ,
City Beside the Broad Mis-
City of Death Beirut, Leba- Gomorrah, Sodom, and Ze-
souri Bismarck, North Da-
non; Kipling’s name for boim on the Jordan River
kota
Lahore, Pakistan Plain of ancient Israel near
City Between Bridges Stock-
City of Destiny Ta c o m a , the Dead Sea
holm
Washington Citizen Capet Louis XVI (be-
City of Bicycles Copenhagen
City of the Doges Venice headed during French Revo-
City of Big Shoulders C a r l
City of Dreadful Night K i - lution)
Sandburg’s sobriquet for Chi-
pling’s nickname for Calcutta Citizen Composer D m i t r i
cago
City of Dreaming Spires O x - Shostakovich
City of Birches Umeå, Swe-
ford, England Citizen of Geneva J e a n
den
City of Dreams P o r t Jacques Rousseau
City of Birm Sym Orch C i t y
Townsend, Washington Citizen King Louis Philippe of
of Birmingham (England)
City of the Dunes D u n ke r- France
Symphony Orchestra
que, France Citizen Louis Capet L o u i s
City of Black Diamonds
City Ed City Editor XVI
Scranton, Pennsylvania
City of Elms New Haven Citizen of the World O l ive r
City of Blazing Lights
City of Eternal Spring Cara- Goldsmith, Thomas Paine
Shanghai
cas Citlatepetl Orizaba
City of the Blues M e m p h i s ,
Tennessee (home of WC
City of Fair Breezes B u e n o s
Aires, Argentina Citrus Metropolis Los Ange-
citric acid C 8 H 6 O 7 Handy)
City of Five Seasons C e d a r les
City of Brazilian Churches
Rio de Janeiro’s nickname
Rapids, Iowa
Eponyms, Nicknames
City of Flour Buffalo, Minne-
City of Presidents Q u i n cy, apolis
City of Louis Paris
Massachusetts City of Fountains A i x - e n -
City of Magnificent Distances
City of the Prophet M e d i n a , Provence, France; Bratislava
Washington, D.C.
Saudi Arabia, where Moham- City of Four Lakes Madison,
City of Manifold Advantages
med was protected after flee- Wisconsin
Augusta, Maine
ing from Mecca City of Fun and Frolic Atlan-
City of Mankind Jerusalem
City of Masts Port of London
City of Quays and Grieg
Bergen, Norway City of Gardens Lahore, Paki-
tic City, New Jersey
City of Millionaires Colorado
City of Razzle Dazzle one of stan; Victoria, British Colum-
Springs
O Henry’s nicknames for bia
City of Minarets Miknès, Mo-
rocco
New York City he also called
City of Gardens and Beaches
Bagdad on the Subway Adelaide, Australia
City of Money Zurich, Swit-
City of Receptions Washing- City of the Gods Te o t i h u a -
zerland
ton, D.C. cán— religious capital of
City of Monuments B a l t i -
City by the Rivers K a n s a s Mexico in the fifth century
more, Maryland; Florence, It-
City where the Kansas River before the Christian Era
aly
flows into the Missouri; Min- City of Gold Dawson, Yukon
City of Mosques I s t a n bu l ,
neapolis–St Paul on the Min- Territory
Turkey
nesota and Mississippi; Phil- City by the Golden Gate San
City in Motion S a n D i eg o ,
adelphia on the Delaware and Francisco
California
City of Mozart Salzburg, Aus-
Schuylkill; Pittsburgh on the
City of the Golden Horn
Allegheny, Ohio and Monon- Istanbul
tria
gahela; Portland, Oregon on City of Good Neighbors A r-
City of Music and Song Vi -
the Columbia and the Wil- lington Heights, Illinois
enna
lamette; St Louis where the City of Green Spires Copen-
City of Nielsen Copenhagen,
Mississippi meets the Mis- hagen
Denmark
souri City of Grieg Bergen, Norway
City of Nine Dragons
Kowloon, Hong Kong
City of Rocks Nashville, Ten-
City Grown Too Big For Its
nessee Bridges San Francisco
City of Notions Boston, Mas-
sachusetts
City of Roses Portland, Ore-
City of Hans Christian Ander-
gon sen Copenhagen, Denmark
City of Oaks Raleigh, North
Carolina
City of Ruins and Roses
City of Heat T h e r m o p o l i s ,
Visby, Sweden Wyoming
City of One Hundred Hills
City of Rumors Washington City of Historical Charm Sa-
San Francisco, California
D.C. vannah
City on the Neva St Peters-
burg’s nickname
City of Rum and Sugar
City of a Hundred Hills S a n
Francisco Georgetown, Guyana
City of Palaces Rome, Italy,
and Vatican City
City of a Hundred Spires
City of Sails Auckland, New
Prague Zealand
City of Palms A c a j u t l a , E l
Salvador; Fort Myers, Flor-
City of a Hundred Towers
City of Saints Montreal Pavia, Italy
City of Salt Salzburg, Austria; City of Illicit Love Paphos on
ida; and Maracaibo, Venezu-
Syracuse, New York Cyprus
ela
City by the Sea N ew p o r t , City of the Immortals A m a -
City of the Pampas B u e n o s
Rhode Island rapura, Burma
Aires
City of the Sea Venice City of Jade Oaxaca, México
City of Peace Brunei
City of Penn P h i l a d e l p h i a ,
built on Aventine, Caelian, New Orleans, Louisiana
Pennsylvania founded by
City of Seven Hills Rome, Italy,
City of Jazz and Mardi Gras
William Penn
City of Personality C i n c i n -
Capitoline, Esquiline, Pala-
City of Kielland and Bjelland
tine, Quirinal, and Viminal Stavanger, Norway
nati, Ohio
City of Peter the Great Saint
City of Seventy Isles Venice
City of Kings and Common-
City of Shoes Brockton, Mas- ers Copán, Honduras
Petersburg (later called Petro-
sachusetts City of Lakes D a r t m o u t h ,
grad and Leningrad)
City of Sibelius Helsinki, Fin- Nova Scotia
City of the Plains
land City of Light Paris, France;
Christchurch, New Zealand
City of Silver Taxco, México Perth, Western Australia
City of Poets Jérémie, Haiti,
City of the Silver Gate S a n City of Lillies Florence, Italy
birthplace of the father of Al-
Diego City by the Lion’s Gate Van-
exandre Dumas (Dumas pére)
City of Sinbad Basra, Iraq couver, British Columbia
and grandfather of Alexandre
City of Sinding Oslo, Norway City of Lost Angels Los An-
Dumas (Dumas fils)
City in the Sky Macchu Pic- geles, California
City of Power Peking, Peo-
ple’s Republic of China
chu, Peru
Eponyms, Nicknames
City of Skyscrapers N ew
Clara Covell North C l a r a E York
City of Three Capitols Little
Ellis City of the Slain A r l i n g t o n
Rock, Arkansas
Claribel Charlotte Alington- National Cemetery in Arling-
City of the Three Kings C o -
Barnard ton, Virginia
logne, Germany, where it is
Clarin Leopoldo Alas y Urena City of Smells Old Delhi, In-
reputed the Magi or Three
Clarita Clara Elena dia
Kings are buried; Lima, Peru
Clark U.S. air base, Luzon Is- City of Smokestacks Everett,
City of Totems Ke t c h i k a n ,
land, Philippines Washington
Alaska
Clark Gable William Gable City of Soles Lynn, Massachu-
City of Trees C h r i s t c h u r c h ,
Classic City Kyoto, Honshu setts
New Zealand; Saratoga
Island, Japan City of Sorrow Buchenwald
Springs, New York
City of the Tribes G a lwa y,
Classifier and Compiler
(concentration camp near We-
Extraordinaire D r P e t e r imar, Germany)
Ireland
Mark Roget City of Southern Charm S a -
City under Vesuvius Naples
Claude Lorraine C l a u d e vannah, Georgia
City of the Violet Crown
Gellée of Lorraine City of Spies Beirut, Berlin,
Athens
Claudette Colbert Lily Cau- Copenhagen, Hong Kong,
City of Washington Washing-
choin London, New York, Paris,
ton, D.C.
Claudio Lars Carmen Bran- Singapore, Stockholm, Vi-
City of Walls Beijing, China
non de Samayoa enna, Zurich, Washington,
City on the Water A m s t e r-
The Claw Otto Schnelbacher D.C.
dam, Copenhagen, Stock-
(basketball player) City of Spires Copenhagen
holm, and Venice
Clay-eaters South Carolinians City State Singapore and the
City of Witches Salem, Mas-
Vatican City State
sachusetts
Cleat Soviet Tupolev Tu-124
long-range transport (NATO) City of Steel Pittsburgh, Penn-
City without Clocks Las Ve-
clicks Internet businesses sylvania City of St Mark Venice
gas, Nevada
Ciudad Blanca ( S p a n i s h —
Clifford Ashdown p s e u d - onym shared by R Austin
City of St Michael Dumfries,
White City)—Guayaquil, Ec- uador’s cemetery; (Spanish—
Freeman and John James Scotland City of St Mungo G l a s g ow,
Pitcairn Clifton Webb Webb Parmalee Scotland
White City)—Merida,
Yucatan
Hollenbeck City of the Straits D e t r o i t ,
Ciudad de los Reyes ( S p a n -
Clinton’s Big Ditch Erie Ca- Michigan, on the Straits of
ish—City of the Kings)—
nal advocated by Governor Belle Isle
Lima, Peru
De Witt Clinton of New York City of Suds Milwaukee
Clinton’s Folly Erie Canal (see City of the Sun Baalbec, He-
Ciudad Imperial y Coronado
Clinton’s Big Ditch) liopolis, and Rhodes; Cam-
(Spanish—Imperial and
Clio Joseph Addison’s pseud- panella’s utopian republic
Crowned City)—Toledo,
onym; in Greek mythology City of Sunshine C o l o r a d o
Spain
the muse of history or of lyre Springs, Colorado; Los An-
Ciudad Loca (Spanish—Crazy
playing geles, California; Tucson, Ar-
City)—Barranquilla, Colom-
Cloud Piercer New Zealand’s izona
bia during carnival
Mount Cook (12,349 feet or City of Surprises Amsterdam
Civil Rights Leader M a r t i n
3,764 meters) City Surreal Miami, Florida
Luther King, Jr
Clown of the Orchestra b a s - City of Symphonies London
Civil Service President U l -
soon City of Tamales San Antonio,
ysses Simpson Grant
Civil Service Reform Presi-
Clown Prince of Music
Danny Kaye City of Temples Benares, In-
Texas
dent Chester Alan Arthur
Civil War Photographer
Clowns of the Canine World
dia; Katmandu, Nepal
Matthew Brady
dachshunds
City of Ten Million Roosters
Clubland Pall Mall clubhouse Port-au-Prince, Haiti
Claire Trevor C l a i r e We m -
section of London City That Boeing Built Seat-
linger
Clyde the Glide Clyde Drex- tle
Clamcatcher(s) New Jersey-
ler (basketball) City That Care Forgot N ew
ite(s)
Coach Soviet Ilyushin trans- Orleans
Clamgrabber(s) Washingto-
port plane I1–12 (NATO) City That Knows How S a n
nian(s)
Coal City Pottsville, Pennsyl- Francisco
Clam States New Jersey and
Washington
vania
City That Swims on the Water
Coaley Samuel Coleridge-Tay- Stockholm
Clam Town Norwalk, Con-
necticut
lor
City of the Thousand and One
Coal Metropolis C a r d i ff , Nights Baghdad, Iraq
clap gonorrhea
clap joint brothel
Wales
Eponyms, Nicknames
Coal State Pennsylvania
Columbia Lou L o u G e h r i g Coatzacoalcos formerly Puerto
(mottled brown and gray
(baseball player) Mexico
stoneware); cologne water
Columbus Cristóbal Colón Cobbler Poet Hans Sachs of
(eau de cologne, toilet water);
(Spanish); Cristoforo Co- Nuremberg, also known as
cologne yellow (chrome-yel-
lombo (Italian); name of Prince of the Meistersingers
low and lead-sulfate pigment)
places in some twelve states Cobh Gaelic name for Queen-
Colombian Colombian-grown
in the United States; Ohio’s stown
marijuana; Colombian moun-
capital Cobra Bolkow wire-guided
tain-grown coffee
Colombian connection n e t -
Columbus of the Cosmos
anti-tank missile made in
Russian cosmonaut Yuri Al- Germany
work of brokers, farmers, pol-
exeyevich Gagarin Cocaine of the ’90s c o m -
iticians, and smugglers con-
nected with the export of
Columbus of the Subcon-
puter chips, which have high
scious Sigmund Freud street value and can be diffi-
Columbian-grown coca leaf
Comedian Pianist Vi c t o r cult to trace when stolen
products and marijuana to
Borge Cocaine Capital Bogotá, Co-
Canada and the United States
Comedian’s Comedian B e r t lombia and Jackson Heights,
Colombian First Colombia’s
Williams Queens, New York
best-known classical com-
poser—Guillermo Uribe
Comenius John Amos Komen-
Cocaine Capital of Colombia
sky Medellin
Holguin
Comet British medium tank Cochise Beech T-42 transport
Colombian Ports S a n t a
built during World War II; De aircraft
Marta, Barranquilla, Carta-
Haviland four-engine jet Cockade City Petersburg, Vir-
gena, Covenas, Buenaven-
transport aircraft ginia
tura, and Ríohacha
Colombia’s Principal Port
Comic Symbol of the Century
Cockade State Maryland
Charlie Chaplin Cockney Poet John Keats
Barranquilla
Colón formerly Aspinwall
Commando C - 4 6 C u r t i s s -
Cockpit of the American Rev-
Wright 36-passenger trans- olution New Jersey
Colonels natives of Kentucky
port built during World War Cockpit of Europe Belgium
Colonne Edouard Judá Col-
onne, French conductor
II; Cadillac-Gage amphibious
Cockpit of the Middle East
armed car and military per- Syria
Colossus of the African Conti-
sonnel carrier (XM-706); Cocky Eddie Collins (baseball)
nent the Sudan
Dodge-built military person- Coco Chanel Gabrielle Bon-
Colossus of the Eurasian Con-
nel carrier built during World heur Chanel
tinent the USSR
War II Codder(s) C a p e C o d r e s i -
Colossus of Independence
John Adams
The Commerce Comet
Mickey Mantle (baseball Code Hammurabi B a b y l o -
dent(s)
Colossus of the Indian and
player) nian civil and legal code es-
Pacific Oceans Australia
Colossus of the North United
Commercial Capital of Can-
ada Toronto before the Christian era
tablished in the 20th century
States of America
commie communist Code Napoléon French civil
Colossus of the North Ameri-
commode portable toilet code established in 1804
can Continent Canada
Commoner The Commoner— Codfishland Newfoundland
Colossus of the South Ameri-
William Jennings Bryan Coke City Uniontown, Penn-
can Continent Brazil
Colquhoun Calhoun
Communist Capitalist
Friedrich Engels Col Lucius Iunius Moderatus
sylvania
Colt Colt revolver (invented by
Communist East c o u n t r i e s Columella (Roman writer on
Samuel Colt of Hartford,
dominated by China agriculture)
Connecticut)
Communist West occidental Colette S i d o n i e G a b r i e l l e
Colter’s Hell Yellowstone (for
countries dominated by the Claudine de Jouvenal
John Colter, mountain man,
former Soviet Union Collar City Troy, New York
who traversed part of what is
now national park)
Community of True Inspira-
College of New Jersey Princ-
tion Amana, Iowa eton University’s original
Columbia A m e r i c a ; S o u t h
Commy Charlie Comiskey name
Carolina’s capital; the United
States
(baseball player)
College of Rhode Island
Comoro Island Ports M o - Brown University’s original
Columbia first space shuttle
roni, Patsy, Mutsamudu, Fo- name
launched from Cape Canav-
mboni Collodi Carlo Lorenzini
eral, Florida in April 1981
Comoros Republic of the Co- cologne c o l o g n e b r ow n
Columbia City Va n c o u ve r,
moros (island nation in the In- (vandyke brown); cologne
Washington
dian Ocean northwest of spirits (highly concentrated
Columbia the Gem of the
Madagascar), Etat Comorien ethyl alcohol); cologneware
Ocean United States of
America
The Company the CIA
Eponyms, Nicknames
Compton Mackenzie Edward
The Consulate France under Montagu Compton
Connecticut Ports New Lon-
the First Consul—Napoleon computer virus computer pro-
don, New Haven, Bridgeport
Bonaparte—1799–1804 gram that “infects” other
Connection City Amsterdam,
Contadora Group Colombia, computers, destroying files
Marseilles, Miami, Sin-
Mexico, Panama, Venezuela and even hard drives
gapore, and major airports
where drugs are smuggled
Contemporary Cassandra
Conca Doro (Italian—Shell of
Dorothy Thompson Gold)—nickname of the hills
Connemara poet Carl Sand-
Continent The Continent (usu- encircling Palermo
burg’s home in Flat Rock,
ally Europe; also Africa, Ant- Conçha Maria de la Con-
North Carolina
arctica, Asia, Australia, North cepción
Connie Mack C o r n e l i u s
America, South America) Conch(s) inhabitant(s) of Key
McGillicuddy
Continental Divide R o c ky West, Florida and nearby keys
Connie Stevens Concetta In-
Mountain ridge separating Conch Town Key West, Flor-
golia
rivers flowing eastward to the ida
Conniver from Kennebunk-
Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf Concordance Cruden A l ex -
port George Bush
of Mexico from those flowing ander Cruden—compiler of
Conquering Lion of Judah and
westward to the Pacific the Complete Concordance of
King of Kings E m p e r o r
Haile Selassie of Ethiopia
Continental Maritime World
the Holy Scriptures published
the Great Lakes (Erie, Huron, in 1737
Conqueror of Disease L o u i s
Michigan, Ontario, Superior) Concorde Anglo-French su-
Pasteur
Continental Nation Australia personic airplane attaining
Conqueror of Mount Everest
Continent of Hope S o u t h cruising speeds of 1300 miles
Sir Edmund Hillary
America per hour
Conqueror of Suez F e r d i -
Convair 600 C o nva i r- L i n e r Concord Group Bronson Al-
nand de Lesseps
powered by Rolls-Royce cott, Ralph Waldo Emerson,
Conquerors of Yellow Fever
turbo-prop engines Margaret Fuller, Nathaniel
Walter Reed and his col-
Cook Islands Danger, Mana- Hawthorn, Henry David Tho-
leagues Aristides Agramonte,
hiki, Penrhyn or Tongareva, reau
James Carroll, and Jesse
Rakahanga and nearby islets The Concord Sage R a l p h
Lazear
in the South Pacific Waldo Emerson
Conrad Joseph (Korzeniow-
Cookpot Soviet Tupolev Tu- Concrete Jungle modern met-
ski) Conrad—English novel-
124 jet-transport aircraft ropolitan center
ist
(NATO) Condemned Rock Tasmanian
Conrad Veidt Konrad Weidt
Cool Papa James Bell (base- nickname for Grummet Is-
Conscience of America N o r-
ball) land, Macquarie Harbour
man Thomas
Coon Dog Capital Vienna, Il- where there is a penitentiary
Conscience of American
linois condo circuit string of retire-
Music Gunther Schuller
Copa de Oro (Spanish—Cup ment communities at which
Conscience of the American
of Gold)—pirate’s nickname entertainers perform
Theater Brooks Atkinson
for Panama Condor N o r t h A m e r i -
Conscience of Europe Vo l -
Copeia periodical of the Amer- can-Rockwell air-to-surface
taire
ican Society of Ichthyologists missile (AGM-53A)
Conscience of the Left
and Herpetologists named for Condorcet Marie Jean Antoine
George Orwell
the naturalist Edward Drinker Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis
Constable Country E a s t
Berghott in England’s Sussex
Cope
copenhagen surprise naval at- Coney Island butter mustard
de Condorcet
where James Constable’s
tack without warning of a Confederate Raider Rear Ad-
award-winning landscapes
fleet at anchor in the manner miral Raphael Semmes, CSN
were painted
Constable of France Charles
of Nelson’s sortie in 1801
Confederation Province
Copernicus Latinized name of Prince Edward Island
De Gaulle
Polish astronomer Nikolaus Confetti Canyon lower Broad-
Constantia J u d i t h S a rg e n t
Kopernicki way, from Bowling Green to
Murray
Copper City Butte, Montana City Hall Park, New York
Constantinople Istanbul
Copper John Auburn Prison City where during parades
Constant Reader D o r o t h y
near Syracuse, New York confetti and waste paper are
Parker
Coppernose Henry the VIII thrown from upper-floor win-
Constellation Lockheed 63-
whose portrait exhibited a dows
passenger transport
copper-colored nose on the Confucius Kung Fu-tse
Constitution State Connecti-
coins minted during his reign Congo Ports Loango, Pointe
cut
copper pyrites chalcopyrite Noire, Malongo Oil Terminal
Constructionist President
James Buchanan
(copper iron sulfide)
Eponyms, Nicknames
Copper State Arizona; Wis-
Court of St James B r i t i s h consin
Corvette antisubmarine-war-
royal court Coral Atoll Country Nauru
fare convoy escort ship
Cousin Jack a Cornishman; a Coral Coast Fiji’s hotel com-
Cory Corazon Aquino
Cornish miner plex between Sigatoka and
cos lettuce from Greek island of
Cousin Jenny Cornish girl or Yanuca
Cos
woman Cora Montgomery Jane Mc-
cosa nostra ( I t a l i a n — o u r
Covent Garden T h e R oy a l Manus
thing)—nickname for inter-
Opera House in London adja- Corbusier Charles-Édouard
national criminal syndicate
cent to Covent Garden mar- Jeanneret
network
ketplace Corn Belt lllinois, Indiana,
Cosimo palette name of Piero
Cowboy Artist C h a r l e s M Iowa, and Nebraska
di Lorenzo who took the
Russell Cornbread Cedric Maxwell
given name of his teacher Co-
Cowboy Capital Dodge City, (basketball player)
simo Roselli
Kansas Corn City Toledo, Ohio
Cosmopolis of the Heartland
Cowboy Philosopher Wi l l Corncob Capital Wa s h i n g -
Kansas City
Rogers ton, Missouri
Cosmopolitan Canadian-built
Cowboys Texans Corncracker(s) Kentuckian(s)
medium-range transport de-
cowboys of the sea porpoises Corncracker State Kentucky
signed by General Dynamics
Cowboy State Wyoming Cornell bread nutritious bread
and designated CC-109
Cowtown Fort Worth, Texas; developed at Cornell Univer-
Costa de la Muerte ( S p a n -
ish—death coast) Spain’s
Kansas City, Kansas and Mis-
souri; Omaha, Nebraska and nonfat dry milk are added
sity; soy flour, wheat germ,
northwesterly stormbound
coast
to wheat flour
Costa Geriatrica ( L a t i n —
Coyote Cowboy Pecos Bill Coyote(s) South Dakotan(s)
Corn Geneticist Barbara Mc-
Coyote State South Dakota Cornhusker(s) Nebraskan(s)
elderly coast) southeast coast
The Crab Jesse Burkett (base- Cornhusker State Nebraska
Clintock
of England frequented by
many older people
ball player) Cornish Riviera English Rivi-
Costa Rican Ports L i m ó n ;
Crab Capital Crisfield, Mary- era extending from Falmouth
land to the Isles of Scilly
Puntarenas and Golfito
Crabtown Annapolis, Mary- Corn-Law Rhymer Ebenezer
Costermansville former name
of Bukavu
land Elliott
Cotton Al Brazle (baseball
crack low-cost smokable co- Corno di Bassetto (Italian—
player)
caine basset horn)—pen name used
Cotton Belt cotton-growing
Cracker Quixote A r t h u r R by George Bernard Shaw
areas of the southern United
Marshall when he was a music critic
States; also known as the Cot-
Crackers rural Floridians and Cornopolis Chicago
ton Kingdom
Georgians Corn State Illinois, Iowa
Cotton Bowl Dallas, Texas
Cracker State Georgia Cornubian Shore C o r n wa l l ,
cotton-dust disease b r ow n
crack head crack addict England
lung or byssinosis
Cottonopolis Manchester, En-
Cradle of American Culture
Corporal John John Churchill
and Music Carnegie Hall who became the first Duke of
gland
Cotton State Alabama
Cradle of American Indepen-
Marlborough; known to the
dence Independence Hall, Spaniards as Mambrú
Cottonwood City L e ave n -
Philadelphia Corregio Antonio Allegri
worth, Kansas
Cradle of American Liberty Corridor of Six Continents
couch potatoes sedentary peo-
Fanuel Hall in Boston, ac- sobriquet given the Panama
ple who watch a lot of televi-
cording to Daniel Webster Canal, Suez Canal, and pro-
sion
Cougar Grumman carrierbased
Cradle of the American Revo-
jected interoceanic sea-level
lution Faneuil Hall, Boston canals across Mexico and
transonic fighter aircraft
Cradle of Aviation San Diego Nicaragua
(F9F-6)
Cradle of California San Di- Corridor State New Jersey
Count Basie William Basie
ego Corrie Denison Eric Partridge
Count No Count Wi l l i a m
Cradle of Canadian Confeder- Corruption-Hating President
Faulkner (nickname from his
ation Prince Edward Island Grover Cleveland
Mississippi neighbors)
Cradle of Civilization Arme- Corsair Chance-Vought sin-
The Country Israel (in Hebrew,
nia, China, Egypt, Greece, In- gle-engine fighter popular
Ha’aretz )
dia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, during World War II (F4U)
Country of the Blacks Sudan
Jordan, Lebanon, Mexico, Corsican Napoleon Bonaparte
(Arabic—black)
Peru, Syria, and Turkey who was born on Corsica
Country of a Thousand Hills
Rwanda
Cradle of Classical Civiliza-
Corsican Ogre Napoleon
Courland Kurland
tion Greece
Eponyms, Nicknames
Cradle of the Confederacy
Cross of Geneva emblem of M o n t g o m e r y, A l a b a m a ;
Crawthumper(s) M a r y -
the Red Cross (red cross on a Charleston, South Carolina
lander(s)
white field) used to show the Cradle of Democracy ancient
Crazy Alley S a n Q u e n t i n
neutrality of ambulances, Greece
Prison’s insane asylum
Creative Genius of American
hospitals, and hospital ships
Cradle of Electrical Engineer-
during wartime ing Berlin, Germany where
Architecture Frank Lloyd
Wright
Crossroads of Africa, Asia,
and Europe Egypt first large-scale power station
the first electric railroad and
Creator of Chords F r a n z
Liszt
Crossroads of Africa and
were built
Creator of the Female Lan-
Europe Spain
Cradle of the French Revolu-
Crossroads of Asia Afghani- tion Marseille and Paris
guage for Sexuality A n a ï s
Nin
stan
Cradle of Human Civilization
Iraq
Creator of French Existential-
Crossroads of Continents
ism Jean-Paul Sartre
Bering Strait Crossroads of Europe B e l -
Cradle of Islam Saudi Arabia
Cradle of Japanese Art Nara,
Creator God Vracocha (Que-
gium Honshu Island, Japan
chua—supreme god)—deity
Crossroads of the Pacific Cradle of Japanese Civiliza-
venerated in Incan and pre-
Oahu—the Aloha Islands, tion Kyoto
Incan times
Hawaii
Cradle of Liberty C a r p e n -
Creator of Modern Democ-
Crossroads of the Seven Seas
ters’ Hall, Philadelphia; Fa-
racy Thomas Paine
Singapore
neuil Hall, Boston; House of
Creator of Musical Laughter
Burgesses, Williamsburg, Virginia; Holland during for-
Rossini
Crossroads of the South
Crébillon Prosper Jolyot
Pacific Fiji
Crossroads of the World
lic; Switzerland in William
Panama Canal; Straits of Tell’s time
mation of the Dutch Repub-
Creole Country s o u t h e r n
counties of Alabama and Mis-
sissippi as well as coastal par-
Gibraltar; Suez Canal
Cradle of Nuclear Research
Crotale Thompson surface-to- Los Alamos, New Mexico
ishes of Louisiana where
many people are of French or
air guided missile made in
Croves Hal Croves (pseud- Cradle of Polynesia S a m o a
Cradle of Oriental Civiliza-
France tion China
Spanish origin
Creoles Louisianans
onym of B Traven—nom de
Islands plume of Berick Traven Tors-
Creole State Louisiana
Cradle of Psychoanalysis Ber- van Croves)
Crescent City Appleton, Wis-
Crow Eaters South Austra- lin; Vienna
consin; New Orleans, Louisi-
ana
Cradle of the Renaissance
lians
Florence, Italy Crown City Coronado, Cali-
Crestwood Heights Toronto,
Ontario’s Forest Hill Village
Cradle of the Revolution
fornia
Cretinsbury-on-Cesspool
Crown City of the Valley
Boston, Massachusetts; Paris,
France; Petrograd, Russia Pasadena, California
Tasmanian nickname for
Cradle of the Russian Revolu-
Launceston
Crown Jewel of the Adriatic
Venice Cradle of Secession Charles-
tion Petrograd
cri-du-chat syndrome loss of
part of a chromosome—in-
Crown Prince of Cellists
Lynn Harrell Cradle of Texas Liberty T h e
ton, South Carolina
fants with this syndrome have
a cry similar to meowing of a
Crown Prince of Keynesism
John Kenneth Galbraith Cradle of the Union Albany,
Alamo in San Antonio
cat; they may be severely
mentally retarded and mal-
Crown Prince of Psychoanaly-
New York where in 1754 Ben- sis Carl Gustav Jung jamin Franklin presented his
formed
Crucible of Civilization Iraq Plan of Union to the Albany
Crime Syndicate Chief
Crystal City Corning, New Congress
Meyer Lansky
York Cradle of Violent Crime t h e
croak mixture of cocaine and
Crystal Hills N ew H a m p - United States
crack; to die
shire’s White Mountains crane berry cranberry
The Crocodile W Averell Har-
C-stand century stand crank. underworld nickname
riman
C-town Chestertown; Cow- for methamphetamine, a
Crohn’s disease c h r o n i c i n -
town mind-altering drug
flammation of the intestines,
Cub NATO nickname for the Crash John Mengelt
named for Burrill Bernard
Soviet Antonov 100-passen- Crate NATO nickname for So-
Crohn, U S physician
ger cargo plane viet Ilyushin transport Il-14
Cromwell’s Curse I r e l a n d
cuban cuban heel (broad-based Crawfish Town New Orleans,
(also called the Curse of
heel used on women’s shoes) Louisiana
Cromwell)
Cronian Sea Arctic Ocean
cubanite copper iron sulfide
Eponyms, Nicknames
Cuban Ports Bahia Honda,
Dame Joan Dame Joan Suth- Cabañas, Mariel, La Habana
Cuspidor of Europe France’s
erland (Havana), Matanzas, Carde-
nickname given it by Alex-
Dame Margot Fonteyn M a r- nas, La Isabela, Caibarien,
ander Herzen
got Hookham Nuevitas, Puerto Padre; San-
custard apple cherimoya
Dame Myra Dame Myra Hess tiago de Cuba, Manzanillo,
Cuvier Georges Léopold Chré-
Dame Ngaio D a m e N g a i o Cienfuegos
tien Frédéric Dagobert
Marsh Cuba’s Principal Port H a -
cyberfakes fake designer mer-
Damnable Place Hong Kong, vana
chandise sold over the Inter-
net
according to GBS
Cultural Capital of Canada
Dam on the Amstel A m s t e r- Montreal
cyberspace the Internet
cyberterrorists Internet terror-
dam
Cultural Capitals of the World
damp Spain Atlantic coasts of Berlin, London, Moscow,
ists
Spain, especially along Bay New York, Paris, Vienna
cybervandals Internet hackers
Cyclone Coast A u s t r a l i a ’s
of Biscay where rains are
Cultured Pearl Archipelago
heaviest Japan
northwest coast
Cyclone State Kansas; South
Dana Andrews Carver Daniel
Cultured Pearl of the Orient
Andrews Hong Kong
Dakota
Cyclops of the Kremlin Josef
Dandy King Joachim Murat—
Cumberland River City
King of Naples Nashville, Tennessee
Stalin
Daniel Nikolai Arzhak Cunard Cunard Line transat-
Cyclorama City A t l a n t a ,
Daniel Stern pseudonym of lantic steamers such as the
Georgia with its cyclorama
Liszt’s paramour, the Count- Aquitania, Lusitania, and the
painting of the Battle of At-
ess Marie d’Agoult Mauretania
lanta
danish danish pastry (light cupid’s itch venereal disease
Cyd Charisse Tula Finklea
pastry often filled with stewed Curaçao’s Ports Willemstad,
Cyprian Ports (counterclock-
fruit, crushed nuts, cup cus- Bullen Baai, Caracas Baai,
wise north to south coast)
tard, or raisins) New Port
Kyrenia, Xeros, Paphos. Li-
masol, Larnaca, Famagusta
Danish Capital of the United
Curator of CuIture L o r d
States Racine, Wisconsin Kenneth M(ackenzie) Clark;
Cypriot Apostle Barnabas—
Danish Caribees c o l o n i a l Peter Ustinov
Cyprus-born companion of
Paul and Mark, according to
name for what are now the
Curmudgeon Philosopher
U.S. Virgin Islands Ambrose Bierce
the New Testament
Czar of Baseball B a n c r o f t
(Ban) Johnson
Danish King of the Waltz
Currer Bell p s e u d o ny m o f Charlotte Brontë
Hans Christian Lumbye curse the curse (menstruation)
czar’s caviar sterlet roe
Czech Capital Prague
Danish Ports Ronne (on Born- holm ); Køge, Københavne
Curse of Balboa Panamanian-
(Copenhagen), Helsingor, style dysentery marked by
Czech National Composer
F r e d e r i k s va e r k , F r e d - acute nausea and retching
Anton Dvorák
erikssund, Roskilde, Hol- Curse of Cabral loose bowels
Czech Reformers Jan Hus, Al-
baek, Nykqøbing, Kalund- contracted in Brazil
exander Dubcek, Vaclav
borg, Korsor, Skaelskor, Curse of Cairo diarrhea plus
Havel
Naestved. Vordingvorg, summertime heat
dachshund (German—badger
S t u b b e k ø b i n g , S t eg e , Curse of Columbus b o t u -
dog)
Masnedsund, Nykøbing, Fal- lism, diarrhea, or dysentery
Da Costa’s syndrome s o l -
ster, Sakskøbing, Naskov, contracted in the American
dier’s heart
Rudkøbing, Marstal, Svend- tropics
dagestan dagestan rug
borg, Nyborg, Kerteminde, Curse of Cortez Mexican-ac-
Dahlia Dalila
Odense, Middelfart, Assens, quired diarrhea or dysentery
Daisy Ashford Margaret Mary
Faborg, Grasten, Sonderborg, also called Montezuma’s Re-
Ashford
Augustenborg, Abenra, Had- venge
Dakota Douglas DC-3 2l-pas-
erslev, Kolding, Frederkicia, Curse of Cromwell I r e l a n d
senger transport also called
Horsens, Arhus, Grena, Rand- (also called Cromwell’s
Skytrain; lines spoken before
ers, Alborg, Frederikshavn, Curse)
singing a song
Skagen, Esbjerg Curse of Pizarro loose bowels
Dalton Highway A l a s k a ’s
Danish Waltz King H a n s contracted in Peru
former North Slope Haul
Christian Lumbye Curt Jurgens Curd Jurgens
Road, built to move supplies
Danish West Indies f o r m e r The Curveless Wonder A l
to Prudhoe Bay (for arctic
name of the American Virgin Orth (baseball player)
engineer James Dalton)
Islands Curzio Malaparte p s e u d -
Dame Cicely Dr Cicely Saun-
d’Annunzio (Gabriel) Gaetano onym—Curzio Suckert
ders
Dame Clara Dame Clara Butt
Rapagnetta
Eponyms, Nicknames
Danny Kaye David Daniel Ka-
Dear Abby Abigail Van Buren minsky
Davy Jones’ Locker t r a d i -
(Pauline Esther Phillips) Danny O’Neill fictionalized
tional resting place of all who
Death Devil Charles Manson name of James T Farrell
are buried at sea or who are
Death to Flying Things B o b (Studs Lonigan)
drowned in the depths of the
Ferguson (baseball player) Danny Thomas Amos Jacobs
ocean
Death Ride C h a rg e o f t h e Dante Dante (Durante) Aligh-
Dawn on the Mesabi Aurora,
Light Brigade at Balaclava in ieri
Minnesota
Crimea Danube Delta Land Romania
Day of Infamy December 7,
death’s head nickname of the Danube Empire Austro-Hun-
1941 (when Japanese aircraft
deadly mushroom Amanita garian Empire
carriers attacked Pearl Har-
muscaria Danubian Monarchy Austro-
bor, Hawaii while diplomatic
Death Valley Scottie Wa l t e r Hungarian Empire
negotiations were in progress
in Washington, D.C.)
Scott
Dark and Bloody Ground
Deb (Debby; Debbie) D e b o - Kentucky
Dazai Osamu Tsushima Shuji
rah; Debra Dark Continent Africa
Deacon Walt Stankey (basket-
Deborah Kerr Deborah Kerr- Darkest Africa Lake Victo-
ball player)
Trimmer ria’s shores (19th century)
Deadeye Dick N a t L ove , a
de Broglie waves matter waves darwin glass queenstownite
black cowboy of the last cen-
named for Louis de Broglie (silica glass)
tury who was noted for his
superior marksmanship deadly nightshade belladonna
Debt-reduction President
Darwin Island G a l á p a g o s Calvin Coolidge Culpepper
Decade of Disillusionment Darwin’s Archipelago
Deadman’s Cove geographic
the 1970s Galápagos Islands
placename and nickname of the San Diego Police Depart-
Decade of Greed the 1980s Darwin’s Bulldog n i c k n a m e
ment headquarters
Decca Jessica Mitford (author) of Professor Thomas Henry,
dead President s l a n g f o r
Dede Deirdre Huxley, president of the
American paper money
Dee Cee Washington, D.C. Royal Society, whose defense
Deadwood Dick R i c h a r d W
Deep Blue chess-playing IBM of Darwin’s Origin of the
Clarke—English-born South
computer from Stamford, Species pulverized the argu-
Dakota frontier pioneer
Connecticut ments of the Bishop of Ox-
Deaf Composer Ludwig van
Deep North Queensland, Aus- ford, Samuel (Soapy Sam)
Beethoven
tralia Wilberforce, who had set out
Deaf Smith Erastus (Deaf)
Deep South South Carolina, to demolish Darwin’s theory
Smith, Texan patriot-soldier
Georgia, Florida, Alabama, of evolution
Dean of American Astrono-
Mississippi, Louisiana, and Dash 8 Boeing twin-engine
mers Henry Norris Russell
Texas; the conservative south turboprop airplane
Dean of American Choral
coast of England Das Jud Das Judenthum in der
Conductors Robert Shaw
Deep Water Moon full moon Musik (German—The Jew in
Dean of American Psychiatry
in April Music)—first draft in 1850;
Dr Karl Menninger
Defaced City o n c e e l eg a n t revised in 1869 by its au-
Dean of Classical Guitarists
New York City where so thor—Richard Wagner—an
Andrés Segovia
many buildings, buses, and ardent Jew-hater beloved by
Dean of Classical Music
subways are defaced by graf- Hitler
Comedians Victor Borge
fiti Date Capital Indio, California
Dean of the English School
Sir Edward Elgar
Defender of the Damned
Daughter of the Baltic H e l s -
Clarence Darrow inki
Dean of Financial Analysts
Defender of Darwin Thomas Daughter of the Desert G e r-
Benjamin Graham, author of
Henry Huxley trude Bell
The Intelligent Investor
Defender of Democratic Daughter of the Dream
Dean of the French School
Socialism John Dewey in Emma Goldman
Camille Saint-Saëns
the United States or Harold Dave the Rave D ave S t a l l -
Dean of Italian Music Gioac-
Laski in Great Britain worth
chini Rossini
Dean Martin Dino Crocetti
Defender of Freethought
David Bowie David Jones
Thomas Jefferson, Thomas David Copperfield David Kot-
Dean of Modern American
Paine, Robert Ingersoll, and kin
Composers Aaron Copland
Clarence Darrow David Frome Z e n i t h J o n e s
Deano Dean
Defender of the Indians Bar- Brown
Dean of Russian Music N i -
tolomé de Las Casas David St John E Howard Hunt
kolai Rimsky-Korsakov
Dean of White House Press
Defender of Religious Free-
David Wayne Wayne McKee-
dom Supreme Court Justice kan
Correspondents Helen Tho-
mas
Hugo Lafayette Black
Eponyms, Nicknames
Dejerine’s disease infants’ in-
Devil’s Island nickname for terstitial neuritis
DeQuervain’s syndrome t e n -
French Guiana penal colony Del Delbert
dinitis of the thumb, origi-
in use up to 1950 and the Isle Delaware named for Thomas
nally from wringing out
off its coast where Alfred West, Lord De La Warr (Vir-
wash—now commonly from
Dreyfus was imprisoned from ginia’s first governor)
computer use (see Washer-
1894 to 1899 Delaware Port Wilmington
woman’s Sprain)
Devil’s Rock Garden Califor- delft delft blue (characteristic
Der Alte Der Alte Fritz (Ger-
nia’s Death Valley also called of a popular china developed
man—Old Fritz)—Frederick
Devil’s Bathtub; Devil’s Pa- in the Dutch city of Delft);
the Great
rade Ground; Devil’s Pulpit; delft china; delftware
Der alte Steffl Old Saint
Devil’s Speedway and Golf Delhi belly diarrhea suffered in
Stephen’s Cathedral in Vienna;
Course India
begun in the 12th century
Devil’s Son-In-Law Wi l l i a m Dellionaires fully vested em-
Der Blaue Reiter (German—
Bunch (Peetie Wheatstraw) ployees of Dell Computer,
The Blue Rider)—abstract
devil’s testicle m a n d r a ke ’s Austin, Texas
expressionism movement
nickname (also called man- Delta Dagger Convair F-102
centered in Munich
dragora or satan’s apple) single-engine turbojet inter-
Derbyville Louisville (home of
Devil’s Triangle (see Bermuda ceptor aircraft
the Kentucky Derby)
Triangle) Delta Dart Convair F-106 su-
Dercum’s disease subcutane-
ous connective-tissue dystro-
devil’s trumpet nickname for jimson weed also called
devil’s apple or devil’s weed Demetia South Wales
personic-interceptor aircraft
phy Der Führer ( G e r m a n — T h e
Devo Devon White (baseball) Demi Moore Demi Guymes
Leader)—Adolf Hitler
De Witt De Witt Clinton (New Demon of Deception Beelze-
Der Kanonenkönig ( G e r-
York state governor) bub
man— The Cannon King)—
De Witt Clinton’s Ditch t h e Demon of Disease Black Death
Alfred Krupp
Erie Canal (bubonic plague); hunger
Der Meister (German—The
diamondback moth; rattle- plague; murine plague (car-
Master)—Johann Wolfgang
snake; terrapin ried by rats); pneumonic
von Goethe
Diamond Continent Africa plague; septicemic plague;
Derrick City Oil City, Penn-
Diamond Head 760-foot-high sylvatic plague (carried by
sylvania
extinct crater forming cape many species of rodents)
DeSanctis-Cacchione syn-
drome skin-pigment abnor-
and marking entrance to Ho-
Demon Dog of Literature
nolulu on Oahu, Hawaii James Ellroy
mality with neurological
symptoms
Diamond Jim James Bucha-
Demon of Misfortune and
nan (Diamond Jim) Brady; Ruin the Sphinx
Descendants of Eagles t h e
Jim Gentile (baseball player) The Den Riverfront Stadium,
founders of Algeria, accord-
Diamond Lil Mae West home of the Newark (New
ing to tradition
Diamond State Delaware Jersey) Bears
Deseret State Utah (from Mor-
Diamond Street N ew Yo r k Denali old Russian name for
mon colony’s name)
City’s 47th Street between 5th Mt McKinley also called
Desert Arabia Arabian Desert
and 6th avenues Bol’shaya
in the northern Arabian Pen-
Diamond Teeth Mary M a r y Den Haag ( D u t c h — T h e
insula
Smith McClain Hague)—capital of the Neth-
Desert Fox Field Marshal Er-
Diane Keaton Diane Hall erlands and seat of the Inter-
win Rommel
Diazpotism despotism of Por- national Court of Justice
Desert of Ice Antarctica
desert roses barytes or gypsum
firio Diaz during his forty
Denmark’s Principal Port
years as president of Mexico Copenhagen
concretions whose shapes re-
semble roses
Dice City Las Vegas, Nevada
Dental Capital of Europe
Dick Donavan Joyce Emmer- Vaduz, Liechtenstein
Desi Arnaz Desiderio Alberto
Arnaz y de Acha
son Preston Muddock Dick Tiger Dick Thetu (boxer)
The Destroyer George Foster Devil of Cultured Vice M e -
Dicky Sam(s) inhabitant(s) of Den Vita Staden ( F i n n i s h —
Dentist-Novelist Zane Grey
Liverpool The White City)—Helsinki
phistopheles
Devil’s Chaplain Robert Tay-
Dictator of Nicaragua Wi l l -
Department of Construction
iam Walker Georgia nickname for its De-
lor (1784–1844), English
Dictionary Johnson D r partment of Correction
cleric imprisoned for blas-
phemy when he exposed the
Sam(uel) Johnson
Department-of-Labor Presi-
universality of all religious
Diedrich Knickerbocker
dent William Howard Taft
beliefs
Washington Irving
Depression-born Cartoonist
Dief the Chief John George Al Capp—creator of Li’l Abner
Devil’s Half Acre A u g u s t a ,
Maine’s slum
Diefenbaker
Eponyms, Nicknames
Diego Rivera D i eg o M a r i a
Doctor Johnson Doctor Sam- Concepción Juan Nepo-
Divine Poet John Donne
uel Johnson—critic, conver- muceno Estanislao de La Riv-
divine Sarah Oscar Wilde’s
sationalist, lexicographer era y Barrientos y Rodriguez
nickname for Sarah Bern-
Doctor Livingston David Liv- (Mexican painter)
hardt, who began life as Ros-
ingstone diesel diesel engine, diesel fuel,
ine Bernard
Doctor Mirabilis (Latin— Ad- diesel locomotive, diesel oil
Division No 1 Chicago’s Cook
mirable Doctor)—English sa- (all named for the German au-
County Jail
vant Roger Bacon tomotive engineer, Rudolf
Division No 2 C h i c a g o ’s
Doctor of Revolution E r a s - Diesel)
House of Correction
mus Darwin Digger Land Australia
Divorce Capital of America
Doctor Rizal José Rizal (intel- Diggers Nevadans
Reno, Nevada
lectual leader of Philippine digital convergence m e rg i n g
Dixie southern United States;
insurrection against Spanish of telephone, television, and
the South
rule) computer technologies
Dixiecrat Southern Democrat
Doctor Seuss author-cartoon- Digital Divide minorities’ dis-
Dixie Kid A a r o n L B r ow n
ist Theodore S Geisel proportionate lack of access
(boxer)
Doctor Singularis ( L a t i n — to the Internet
Dizzy Benjamin Disraeli—
Singular Doctor)—William Dinah Washington Ruth Lee
British Prime Minister
Occam Jones
Dizzy Dean J a y H a n n e r
Doctor Strangelove Dick Stu- Dino Dean (Crocetti) Martin
(Dizzy) Dean
art (baseball player) Dion Fortune Vi o l e t M a r y
Dizzy Gillespie J o h n B i r k s
Doctor Subtilis (Latin—Sub- Firth
(Dizzy) Gillespie
tle Doctor)—Duns Scotus Diplomat John Franklin Carter
Djajapura Kotabaru, formerly
Doctor Universalis A l b e r t u s Dirceu To m a z A n t o n i o
called Hollandia by the Dutch
Magnus Gonzaga
when they controlled western
Doctor Watson D r J o h n B Dirk Bogarde Dirk van den
New Guinea
Watson, M.D. of London; Bogaerd
Djakarta Indonesian city once
companion of Sherlock Dirty Thirties Dust Bowl era in
called Batavia
Holmes of 221-B Baker the United States
Django Jean (Django) Rein-
hardt
Street in the literary creations
Discoverer of Bacteria, Blood,
of Sir Arthur Conan-Doyle and Parasite Cells A n t o n
The Django Reinhardt of the
Doctor Will Dr William James van Leeuwenhoek
Accordion Gus Viseur
Djibouti Ports O b o c k , D j i -
Mayo—co-founder with his
Discoverer of Capillary Blood
brother Charles of the Mayo Vessels Marcello Malpighi
bouti
Doctor Angelicus ( L a t i n —
Foundation for Medical Edu-
Discoverer of Malaria Para-
cation and Research at Roch- site Charles Laveran
Angelic Doctor)—Thomas
Aquinas also known as the
ester, Minnesota
Discoverer of Yellow Fever
Princeps Scholasticorum
Documentary Photographer
Parasite Hideyo Noguchi
(Prince of Scholastics)
Alfred Stieglitz
Discoverers of How Enzymes
Doctor Beach Stephen P Leath-
Dodo Islands Mascarene Is-
Change Starch into Sugar
lands of Mauritius, Réunion, Carl Ferdinand Cori and
erman, who ranks the best
and Rodgrigues formerly in- Gerty Theresa Cori
beaches in the United States
Doctor Charlie D r C h a r l e s
habited by dodo birds
Disease of the Century
dog’s nose Mayan salsa AIDS; Alzheimer’s disease
Horace Mayo—co-founder of
Dogwood City Atlanta, Geor- dismal science Carlyle’s nick-
the Mayo Clinic (see Doctor
gia name for economics
Will)
Dohnányi Ernst von Dohnányi Dismal Swamp City Norfolk,
Doctor of Death Henry Kiss-
Dolf Adolf Virginia
inger
Dollar Mark Mark Hanna Dissident Publisher H e n r y
Doctor Donne John Donne
Dolley (Dolly) Mrs Dorothea Regnery
Doctor Evangelicus (Latin—
Evangelical Doctor)—reli-
(Dolley) Payne Madison
Distinguished Journalism Fel-
(wife of President James low Ralph de Toledano
gious reformer John Wickliffe
Madison); Dorothea; Dorothy (1989)
Doctor Holmes John Haynes
Dolly a sheep, the first animal District of Columbia n a m e d
Holmes (contemporary
cloned from the cell of an- for Christopher Columbus
American Universalist minis-
other adult mammal (named divi divide; dividend
ter)
for singer Dolly Parton) Divine Madman Drukpa Kun-
Doctor of the Industrial Revo-
Dolores del Rio L o l i t a D o - ley, 15th-century Buddhist
lution Dr Erasmus Darwin
lores Asunsolo de Martinez saint (Bhutan)
Doctor Irrefragabilis A l ex -
Dom Dominick The Divine Miss M B e t t e
ander of Hales
Dom Getulio President Getu- Midler
Doctor Jameson Sir Leander
Starr Jameson
lio Dornelles Vargas of Brazil
Eponyms, Nicknames
Dominican Ports Pepillo Sal-
Down syndrome mongolism cedo, Montecristi, Puerto
Don Vitone Vi t o G e n ove s a
resulting from extra chromo- Plata, Sosua, Santa Barbara
Doornik Flemish place-name
some-21 material
Down Under Australia and mana, San Pedro de Macoris,
de Samana, Sanchez, La Ro-
equivalent for Tournai
New Zealand Andres, Santo Domingo (for-
Doorstep to Canada N ova
Scotia
Down Where the South
Begins Virginia hia de las Calderas, Azua,
merly Trujillo), Rio Jaina, Ba-
Dope Capital of Canada
Down Yonder coastal North Barahona
Vancouver Doris Day Doris Kappelhoff
Carolina Dominie H aw ke r- S i d d e l ey
ketball player) The Don Don Juan (as in
HS-125 jet transport
Dornford Yates Cecil William
Downtown Fred Brown (bas-
Mercer’s pseudonym
Doyen of European Diplo-
Mozart’s opera Don Gio-
macy Prince Klemens Wen- vanni )
Dorothy Dix E l i z a b e t h M
zel Nepomuk Lothar von Doña Fela Felisa Rincón (fe-
Gilmer
Metternich male mayor of San Juan, Pu-
Dorothy Gish D o r o t h y d e
Guiche
Doyen of Film Animators
erto Rico for twenty-two
Walt Disney years)
Dorothy Lamour D o r o t h y
Kaumeyer
Doyen of Professional Transla-
Dotia Marina Malinche (In-
tors Ralph Manheim dian interpreter-mistress of
Dorothy Malone Dorothy Ma-
Dragonfly C e s s n a T- 3 7 Hernán Cortés—Spanish
loney
jet-trainer aircraft conqueror of Mexico)
Dorothy Parker D o r o t h y
Dragon Nation Bhutan Donatello Donato di Betto
Rothchild
Dragon’s Mouth Port of Spain, Bardi
Dosso Dossi palette name of
Trinidad’s harbor entrance Don Emilio General Emilio
Giovanni de Lutero
Draken (Swedish—Dragon)— Aguinaldo (fighter for Philip-
Double Platinum two million
Saab double-delta-wing su- pine independence)
(recording) copies
personic fighter or fighter- Donets River City Kharkov in
Double-Vay Sir Henry Wil-
bomber designated J-35 or Ukraine
son’s nickname among the
S-35 Donetzk formerly Stalino, but
French general staff of World
Drapier Jonathan Swift originally Yuzovka
War I
Dramatic Symphony R o m e o Don Francisco F r a n c i s c o I
Double X Jimmie Foxx (base-
by Hector Berlioz Dr Death Jack Kevorkian Don Giovanni Don Juan
et Juliette Madero—Mexican president
ball player)
The Dream Dean Memminger Don Juan Don Juan Tenorio of
Doubting Thomas St Thomas,
(basketball player) Seville (Mozart’s Don Gio- vanni )
one of the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ, who required
proof of Jesus’ resurrection
Dream Capital of the Western
World Hollywood, Califor- Don Muang Bangkok, Thai-
nia land’s airport
Douglas Fairbanks Julius Ull-
Dream King Ludwig II of Ba- Don Pepe José Figueres Fer-
man
varia rer—democratic leader of
Dove Hawker-Siddeley twin-
engine light transport carry-
Dress-Rehearsal Revolution
Russian Revolution of 1905 Don Porfirio D o n P o r fi r i o
Costa Rica
ing up to 11 passengers
Drisheen City Cork, Ireland Diaz—Mexican dictator-pres-
Dow Jones Industrial Average
Dr Jinnah M o h a m m e d ’ A l i ident
started by Charles Dow in
Jinnah-president of All-India Don Quixote p s e u d o ny m
1884, originally an average of
Moslem League and first gov- Alonso Quixano gave himself
twelve industrial companies’
ernor-general of Pakistan in The Adventures of Don
closing stock prices divided
Dr Karl Dr Karl Augustus Quixote—Man of La Mancha,
by the number of issues
Menninger by Cervantes
Down East Atlantic coast area
Droch Robert Bridges Don Romulo Romulo Betan-
extending from New York to
Droll Breughel P i e t e r court—democratic leader and
Nova Scotia, particularly
Breughel the Elder recent president of Venezuela
coastal New England; Maine
Dr Rocket Hideo Itokawa Don’t Give Up the Ship nick-
Down Easter person from east
Dr Salazar Antonio de Ol- name of Captain James
coast of New England or
iveira Salazar—dictator and Lawrence, USN
Nova Scotia
prime minister of Portugal Don Venus Don Venustiano
downers nickname for sedative
from 1932 to 1969 Carranza—Mexican general-
drugs also called sleeping
Dr Seuss Theodor Seuss Gei- president
pills or tranquilizers
sel Don Venustiano Don Venus-
Down South nickname shared
Dr Spot Marty Gurian, stain-re- tiano Carranza—former pres-
by the federal penitentiay at
moval expert ident of Mexico
Atlanta, Georgia and the
southern United States
Dr X Alan E Nourse
Eponyms, Nicknames
druggie drug addict
Dunsany Edward John More- drugola bribes given law-en-
Duke City Albuquerque, New
ton Drax Plunkett, Lord Dun- forcement officers by narcot-
Mexico (named for El Duque
sany ics dealers in exchange for
de Alburquerque)
Dupontonia Wilmington, Del- protection from discovery and
Duke of Devonshire William
aware prosecution
Cavendish (former Prime
Dupont Town Wi l m i n g t o n , Druid City o a k - t r e e - f i l l e d
Minister of Great Britain)
Delaware (home of EI du Tuscaloosa, Alabama
Duke Ellington E d wa r d
Pont de Nemours & Co) Dry Guillotine French Gui-
Kennedy Ellington
Durable Dictator G e n e r a l ana’s nickname
Duke of Grafton A u g u s t u s
José de la Cruz Porfirio Díaz dry Spain Mediterranean coast
Henry Fitzroy
(Mexico, 1876–1911) of Spain
Duke of Newcastle T h o m a s
Durazzo English and Italian D-town Dogtown; Downtown;
Pelham-Holles
place-name for the Albanian Doyelstown
Duke of Portland Wi l l i a m
port of Durrës Dual Cities Minneapolis and
Henry Cavendish Bentinck
Durban formerly Port Natal, Saint Paul, Minnesota
Duke of Shrewsbury Charles
South Africa Dual Monarchy Austro-Hun-
Talbot
Dusty Springfield Mary Isabel garian Monarchy (1867–
Duke Turned Jesuit S a i n t
Catherine Bernadette 1918)
Francis Borgia (1510–1572)
O’Brien Dual Protectorate A n d o r r a
Duke of Vicenza M a r q u i s
Dutch Ronald Reagan, fortieth under the protection of France
Louis de Caulaincourt
president of the United States and Spain
Duke of Wellington A r t h u r
dutch dutch belted (black dairy Dubini’s disease r a p i d a n d
Wellesley
cattle with a broad body-en- rhythmic muscular contrac-
Duke of Windsor ( f o r m e r l y
circling white belt of hair as tion
King Edward VIII, formerly
originally bred in the Nether- Du Bois W(illiam) E(dward)
Prince of Wales when his fa-
lands); dutch door (horizon- B(urghardt) Du Bois
ther, George V, was king of
tally divided so either the top Duca Minimo G a b r i e l e
England)
or bottom section may be D’Anunzio
Duluthians people of Duluth
closed or opened); dutch Ducansby Head northernmost
Dumas fils Alexandre Dumas
courage (inspired by alcohol); headland in the British isles
(1824–1895) playwright-cre-
dutch lunch (cold cuts); dutch Duce (Italian-Leader)—Dicta-
ator of Camille (Verdi’s La
treat (where all pay their own tor Benito Mussolini
Traviata ), son of the novelists
way) Duchenne de Boulogne Guil-
Dumas père Alexandre Dumas
dutch act suicide laume-Benjamin-Amand
(1802–1870), author of The
Dutch Caribees colonial name Duchenne—father of modern
Count of Monte Cristo, The
for the Netherlands Antilles neurology
Three Musketeers
Du Maurier G e o rg e L o u i s
Dutch City Holland, Michigan
Duchess of Dupont Circle
Dutch courage Holland gin Alice Roosevelt Longworth
Palmella Busson
Dumb Girl of Portici E s p r i t
Dutch Cradle of U.S. Presi-
Duchess of Windsor B e s s i e
dents the Netherlands— an- Wallis Warfield
Auber opera La Muette de
cestral home of both Presi- Ducky Joe Medwick
Portici
dents named Roosevelt and Dude Ranch Capital Wicken-
Dumbo Down Under the Man-
President Van Buren burg, Arizona
hattan Bridge Overpass
Dutch Delight Delft Dugout Doug General Douglas
dumb tax contractor term for
Dutch East Indies N e t h e r- MacArthur
what people pay when they
lands East Indies now known Duke George Deukmejian
try to build a house without a
as Indonesia (former California governor);
contractor
Dutch Guiana N e t h e r l a n d s Michael S Dukakis (former
Dunedin nickname for Edin-
Guiana or Surinam Massachusetts governor and
burgh, Scotland and place-
Dutch Islands Dutch West In- Presidential candidate)
name for a South Island, New
dies—Aruba, Bonaire, The Duke John Wayne
Zealand port as well as a Flor-
Curaçao, Saba, Sint Eustatius Duke of the Abruzzi I t a l i a n
ida resort near St Petersburg
(Statia), Sint Maarten alpinist and arctic explorer
Dungeness Crab Capital
Newport, Oregon
Dutch Masterpiece in the Car-
Prince Luigi Amadeo
ibbean Curaçao Giuseppe Maria Ferdinando
Dun Laoghaire ( G a e l i c —
Dutch Microscopists Zachar- Francesco
Dunleary)—Kingstown on
ias Janssen, Anton van Leeu- Duke of Alba Fernando Alva-
Dublin Bay
wenhoek, and Jan Swammer- rez de Toledo
Dunleary Dun Laoghaire or
dam Duke of Buckingham George
Kingstown
Dutch New Guinea We s t Villiers
Dunnet Head n o r t h e r n m o s t
point on Scotland’s mainland
Irian, Indonesia
Eponyms, Nicknames
Dutch Ports Delfzigl, Harlin-
Earl of Ripon Frederick John gen, Den Helder, Ijmuiden,
Eagle and Serpent Aguila y
Robinson Zaandam, Amsterdam,
Serpiente (Mexican coat of
Earl of Rosebery A r c h i b a l d Scheveningen, Hoek van Hol-
arms contains pictorialization
Philip Primrose land, Europoort, Maasluis.
of Aztec legend stating their
Earl Russell Prime Minister Vandelingenplaat, Vlaardin-
people could not settle until
John Russell, first earl; John gen, Schiedam, Rotterdam,
they found an island on a lake
Stanley Russell, second earl; Dordrecht, Middelharnis,
and on that island a cactus
Bertrand (Arthur William) Willemstad, Middelburg,
surmounted by an eagle
Russell, third earl Vlissingen, Terneuzen, Han-
grasping a serpent—the
Earl of Shaftesbury Anthony sweert, Haven Catzand
lacustrine island representing
Ashley Cooper Dutch Queens Wi l h e l m i n a ,
Mexico City, capital of Mex-
Earl of Shelburne Wi l l i a m Juliana, Beatrix
ico—and the two creatures
Petty Dutch Reformed Dutch Re-
that struggle between celes-
Earl of Stanhope James Stan- formed Church of North
tial and earthly elements)
hope America where it has been
Eagle State Mississippi
Earl of Sunderland C h a r l e s called the Reformed Church
Eam Eamon de Valera (Irish
Spencer since 1867
rebel)
Dutch Republic the Nether- Earl of Wilmington S p e n c e r
Earl of Aberdeen G e o rg e
lands, sometimes called Hol- Compton
Hamilton Gordon (former
Prime Minister of Great Brit-
Earmuff Capital of the World
Dutch Schultz Arthur Flegen- Farmington, Maine
land
ain)
heimer (gangster) Earth’s Last Frontier Antarc-
Earl Baldwin of Bewdley
Dutch-speaking Places Flem- tica
Stanley Baldwin
ish sections of Belgium; the East End congested and de-
Earl Balfour A r t h u r J a m e s
Netherlands; Aruba, Bonaire, pressed eastern section of
Balfour
Curaçao, Saba, Sint Eusta- London
Earl of Beaconsfield B e n -
tius, Sint Maarten—the Neth- easter storm from the east
jamin Disraeli (19th-century
erlands Antilles; Netherlands Easter Easter lily; Easter Mon-
British prime minister who
day; Easter Sunday; Easter donesia Surinam and the
declared: A conservative gov-
New Guinea now part of In-
vacation communmty around Holland,
ernment is an organized hy-
Easter Island English place- Michigan
pocrisy )
name equivalent of Isla de dutch treat each person pays
Earl of Bute John Stuart
Pascua whose Chilean settlers own portion of the bill
Earl of Carlisle C h a r l e s
are called Pascuenses Dutch Ultramodernist P i e t
Howard
Eastern Desert A r a b i a n Mondrian
Earl of Carnarvon G e o rg e
Desert Dutch West Indies the Neth-
ESM Herbert, the Egyptolo-
Eastern Empire B y z a n t i n e erlands Antilles
gist
Empire Dutch William William III of
Earl of Chatham William Pitt
Eastern Hemisphere h a l f o f Orange—Dutch-born British
Earl of Chesterfield P h i l i p
the world containing Africa, king
Dormer Stanhope
Asia, Australia, Europe, and Dvorák Anton Dvorák
Earl of Derby Edward Stanley
associated islands dweeb small, harmless person
Earl of Godolphin S i d n ey
Eastern Malaysia Sabah and Dwellers of the Field t h e
Godolphin
Sarawak Poles
Earl Grey Charles Grey
Eastern Samoa American Sa- Dyan Cannon Samile Diane
Earl of Guilford F r e d e r i c k
moa Friesen
North
Eastern Sea East China Sea dyke lesbian
Earl of Halifax Charles Mon-
Eastern Shore shore of Dela- Dying Grass Moon full moon
tagu
ware, Maryland, and Virginia in September
Earl of Liverpool R o b e r t
comprising the Del-Mar-Va dyno dynamic move
Banks Jenkinson
Peninsula Eagle (see Columbia)
Earl of Lytton Edward Robert
Eastern States states east of Eagle Eye Jake Beckley (base-
Bulwer Lytton, diplomat and
the Mississippi ball player)
poet whose pseudonym was
East Germany one-time So- Eagle Forgotten Governor Pe-
Owen Meredith
viet-dominated eastern Ger- ter Altgeld of Illinois
Earl of Orford Robert Wal-
many, German Democratic Eagle of the North S w e d i s h
pole
Republic (1945–1990) statesman Count Axel Oxen-
Earl of Oxford Robert Harley
East Indies India, Indochina, stierna
Earl of Oxford and Asquith
Indonesia, Malay Penin- Eagle Pass formerly El Paso
Herbert Henry Asquith
sula—formerly Dutch East del Aguila
Earl the Pearl Earl Monroe
(basketball player)
Indies
Eponyms, Nicknames
Eastinghouse i n t e r n a t i o n a l
ears set low, recessed chin nickname for Soviet nuclear
Eddie Cantor Edward Israel
and premature death (named power plants built in Finland
Itskowitz
for John H Edwards) East London formerly Port
Eddie Dean Edgar Gloslup
Edwin Markham Charles Ed- Rex, South Africa
Eden of the Orient Thailand
ward Anson Markham East Lothian Haddington
Edgar Box Gore Vidal
Ed Wynn Isaiah Edwin Le- East Malaysia Bandar Seri,
Edgar Thorn(e) Edward Mac-
opold Brunei, Sabah, and Sarawak
Dowell
egabrag garbage spelled back- now known as Kalimantan
Edie Adams Elizabeth Edith
Enke
wards, sometimes used as a
East North Central States
euphemism for garbage boat Indiana, Illinois, Michigan,
Edin(a) Edinburgh’s poetical
or garbage scow Ohio, and Wisconsin
name
Egg Basket of California Pet- East Prussia o l d n a m e f o r
Edinburghshire Midlothian
aluma western Poland along the Bal-
Edinglassie Edinburgh + Glas-
Egg Moon full moon in April tic
gow (early name of the More-
Egypt Illinois East Rudolf Lake Turkana
ton Bay Settlement now
Egyptian Badlands A s s i u t East Siberian East Siberian
called Brisbane)
area about 175 miles (282 ki- Sea in the Arctic off East Si-
The Edith Piaf of Cuba
lometers) south of Cairo and beria
Omara Portuondo
notorious for narcotic raids, East Side East Side of any city
Editor of Genius Max(well) E
religious clashes, and village or place
Perkins
Ed Lacy Len Zinberg
vendettas
East South Central States
Ed McBain Salvatore A Lom-
The Egyptian James Brown
Ali Hassan Kuban sippi, and Tennessee
Alabama, Kentucky, Missis-
bino
Egyptian Ports (on the Medi- Eastview Canadian city now
Edmond Adam F r e n c h a u -
terranean) El Iskandariya (Al- called Vanier
thor-editor Juliette Lamber
exandria); Bur Said (Port East Village modern euphe-
Edmund Crispin R o b e r t
Said); (on the Red Sea) El Su- mism for New York City’s
Bruce Montgomery
weis (Suez) Lower East Side
Edo old name for Tokyo, also
Egyptians Illinoisans Ebreo (Italian—Jew)—nick-
written Yedo
Egypt’s Principal Port Alex- name of Salomone Rossi the
Edogawa Rampo Hirai Taro
andria composer-violinist of Mantua
(Japan’s Edgar Allan Poe)
Eiffel Alexander Gustave Eiffel in the late 1500s and early
Edoo (EDU) L a d y E l g a r ’s
and the tower bearing his 1600s
nickname for her husband Sir
name ’Ebrides Cockney contrac-
Edward Elgar (EDU is the ti-
Eight T h e E i g h t ( A s h c a n tion—Hebrides
tle of the fourteenth section or
School of American Art com- E-C E r c k m a n n - C h a t r i a n
finale of his Enigma Varia-
prising Arthur B Davies, Wil- (Emile Erckmann and
tions on an Original Theme
liam Glackens, Robert Henri, Louis-Alexandre Chatrian,
scored for full orchestra)
Ernest Lawson, George Luks, collaborating novelists)
Edouard Colonne Judas Col-
Maurice Prendergast, Everett Eccentric Naturalist Constan-
onne
Shinn, and John Sloan) tine Rafinesque
Edu Sir Edward Elgar
Eighteenth State Louisiana Eckma Jan de Hartog’s pseud-
Eduardo E Howard Hunt
Eightfold Path right speech; onym
Educator-Freethinker Horace
right conduct; right liveli- ECR Lorac Edith Caroline
Mann
hood; right effort; right mind- Rivett’s pseudonym
Edward G Robinson Emman-
fulness; right concentration; Ecuadorean Ports Puerto de
uel Goldenberg
right views; right intentions San Lorenzo, Esmeraldas,
Edwardian Radical H i l a i r e
(Buddhism) Bahia de Caraquez, Bahia de
Belloc
Eighth State South Carolina Manta, Puerto de Cayo, La
Edward I Prime Stevenson
Xavier Mayne’s pseudonym
Eighth Wonder of the World
Liberiad, Salinas, Guayaquil,
compound interest, according Puna, Puerto Bolívar, Bahia
Edward Longshanks Edward
to Baron de Rothschild; the Baquerizo Moreno (on
I of England
Panama Canal; Grand Coulee Chatham or San Cristóbal)
Edward O Wilson F r a n k J
Baird, Jr
Dam, Grand Coulee, Wash-
Ecuadorian Archipelago
ington; Shirley Temple Galápagos Islands
Edward the Peacemaker E d -
ward VII, eldest son of Queen
Eisenhower Doctrine c o n t a i n
Ecuador’s Principal Port
the Soviet Union in Europe Guayaquil
Victoria
and the Middle East; for ED Emily Dickinson
Edward the Rake Edward VII
Dwight D Eisenhower, thirty- Eddie Albert Eddie Albert He-
Edwards syndrome ex t r a
fourth president of the United imberger
chromosome 18 material re-
sulting in elongated skull,
States
Eponyms, Nicknames
Either/Or Søren Kierkegaard’s
El Maestro ( S p a n i s h — t h e nickname
el esmog (Spanish—the smog)
master)—José Clemente Or- Ekaterinburg czarist name for
Mexico City
ozco Sverdlovsk
El Español ( S p a n i s h — T h e
El Manco de Lepanto (Span- El Alto (Spanish—The Tall
Spaniard)—Giuseppe Maria
ish—The One-handed Man of One)—La Paz, Bolivia’s air-
Crespi—ltalian painter’s
Lepanto)—Cervantes, whose port serving the world’s high-
nickname
left hand was maimed at the est capital city
El Españoleto Spanish painter
Battle of Lepanto El Bosco Spanish nickname for
José Ribera
El Mar del Sur ( S p a n i s h — Hieronymus Bosch
Eleventh State New York
The South Sea)—Balboa’s El Caballo ( S p a n i s h — T h e
El Fatah disease virulent anti-
name for the Pacific Ocean Horse)—nickname of Cuba’s
semitism
Elm City New Haven, Con- Communist dictator Fidel
El Fenix de España T h e
necticut Castro Ruz
Phoenix of Spain—Lope de
elm death Dutch elm disease El Cabrón ( S p a n i s h — T h e
Vega
Elmer short form for Elmer Goat)—nickname of disso-
El Fondo ( S p a n i s h — T h e
Gantry (novel by Sinclair lute Dominican dictator Gen-
Fund)—International Mone-
L ew i s a b o u t a c o r r u p t eralissimo Rafael Leonidas
tary Fund—IMF
preacher) Trujillo Molino
El Gran Libertador ( S p a n -
Elmers townspeople (circus El Caudillo ( S p a n i s h — T h e
ish— The Great Liberator)—
slang) Chief)—sobriquet of General
Simón Bolívar—liberated
Elmo Lincoln O t t o E l m o Francisco Franco-Baha-
Venezuela, Colombia, Ecua-
Linkenhelt monde
dor, Peru, and Bolivia from
El Mudo ( S p a n i s h — t h e El Cid El Cid Campeador
Spanish rule
mute)—Juan Fernández (Spanish—The Lord Cham-
El Greco ( S p a n i s h — T h e
Navêrette, Renaissance pion)—Rodrigo Díaz de Bi-
Greek)—Kryiakos Theotoko-
painter var
poulos (Domingo Theotocop-
Elmwood James Russell Low- El Coco (Spanish—Coconut
uli)
ell’s home in Cambridge, Palm)—San Jose, Costa
El Hombre ( S p a n i s h — T h e
Massachusetts Rica’s airport
Man)—nickname of Dr Ar-
El Niño (Spanish—the boy)— El Coronelazo (Spanish—the
nulfo Arias de Madrid of Pan-
warming of surface water off big colonel) David Siquieros
ama
Ecuador and Peru before ex- El Duque Orlando Hernandez
Elia Charles Lamb
tending westward over the (baseball player)
Eli Edwards Claude McKay
tropical eastern Pacific Ocean Elder Pitt William Pitt the Earl
Elijah Muhammad R o b e r t
El Norte ( S p a n i s h — t h e of Chatham also called the
Poole
north)—used by Latin Amer- Great Commoner
El Ilustre Americano ( S p a n -
ish—The Illustrious Ameri-
icans to mean the United
Elder Statesman President
States Dwight David Eisenhower
can)—self-title of Venezuelan
dictator Antonio Guzman
Eloquent President Abraham
Eldest Daughter of the Church
Lincoln France
Blanco
El Pisshole trucker’s nickname El Discutido ( S p a n i s h — t h e
El Inca ( S p a n i s h — T h e
for El Paso, Texas discussed)—Diego Rivera
Inca)—Peruvian historian
El Pisso trucker’s nickname for El Dorado the mythical land of
Garcilaso de la Vega
El Paso, Texas gold sought by the Spaniards
Elisabethville former name of
El Precursor (Spanish—the and others in the jungles and
Lubumbashi, Zaire
Precursor)—Francisco mountains of the Americas
Elizabeth Arden Florence N
Miranda—fighter for Venezu- El Dorado State California
Graham
elan freedom; Antonio electric cure electrocution
El Juli Julian Lopez, who be-
Nariño—fighter for Colom- Electric Motor City Detroit
came a matador in Spain at
bian freedom electromagnetic smog signals
age 16
Ellen Glasgow Ellen Anderson
El Pueblo Nuestra Señora la
from mobile phones, micro-
Gholson
Reina de los Angeles de Por-
wave ovens, cable-television
ciúncula (Spanish—The Vil- channels, et cetera that inter-
Ellery Queen Frederic Dannay
lage of Our Lady Queen of rupt radio data to telescope
and Manfred B Lee
the Angels of Porciúncula)— antennae
El Libertador (Spanish—The
early Spanish name for Los Elegant Arthur nickname for
Liberator)—Simón Bolivar
Angeles Chester Alan Arthur, twenty-
El Licenciado Tomé de Burguil-
Elroy American country-boy first president of the United
los ( S p a n i s h — A t t o r n ey
name derived from the French States
Tomé de Burguillos)—a
for king—Le Roi or the Span- Elephant Man disease n e u -
pseudonym of Lope de Vega
ish equivalent—El Rey—or rofibromatosis
Ellis Bell pseudonym of Emily
Brontë
their combination
Eponyms, Nicknames
Elsa Lanchester E l i z a b e t h
emerald nickel zaratite (basic
Emporium of the West Indies
Charlotte Amalie, St Thomas, El Salvador’s Ports La Unión,
Sullivan
hydrated nickel carbonate)
Virgin Islands; Willemstad, Puerto El Triunfo, La Liber-
Emerald of the Spanish Main
Curaçao tad, Acajutla
Colombia
Empress of the Blues B e s s i e El Silencio (Spanish—The Si-
emery A l u m i n u m o x i d e
Smith lence)—downtown Caracas
(A12O 3 )
Empress Carlota Marie Char- where bus routes start and au-
Émile Emile Zola (French nov-
lotte Amélie Augustine Vic- tomotive traffic is at its nois-
elist)
toire Clémentine Léopol- iest
Emil Jannings Theodore Frid-
dine—empress of Mexico El Smoggo trucker’s nickname
erich Emil Janez
under Maximilian for any smog-smitten city in
Emil Ludwig Emil Cohn
Empress Eugenie E u g é n i e the Southwest from El Paso
Eminent Humanist J u l i a n
Marie de Montijo de Guz- to Los Angeles
Huxley
man—empress of the French El Stinko (see El Smoggo)
Emma Emma Goldman (Rus-
under Napoleon III El Supremo (Spanish—The
sian-American anarchist)
Empress of Hollywood B e t t e Supreme)—Juan Vicente
Emma Calve Rosa Calvet
Davis Gómez, Venezuelan dictator
Emma Lathen pseudonym of
Empress of India Queen Vic- from 1908 to 1935; also
Mary J Latsis and Martha
toria known as El Gran Supremo
Hennissart
Empress of Vice Mary Jeffries Elton John Reginald Dwight
Emmet Street Brendan Be-
han’s pen name
(who in the 1800s controlled
El Viejo (Spanish—the old
London’s most elegant broth- man) when average ocean-
Emmy award for outstanding
els) water temperature cools by at
television performances in
Empty Quarter Empty Quar- least 1 degree centigrade (1.8
the United States; statuette
ter desert of Arabia degrees Fahrenheit) below
named after tv entertainer
Enchanted Isles the Galápa- normal
Faye Emerson
gos or Tortoise Tslands orig- Elvis Costello Declan Patrick
Emmy Destinn Ema Kittl
inally called Las Islas Encan- McManus
Emperor of the Cossacks
tadas by early Spanish Elysian Fields mythological
Emelyan Ivanovich Pugachev
explorers place thought by the Portu-
end of the world Ushuala, Ar- guese to be the Madeira Is-
Emperor of Europe N a p o -
gentina lands or by the Spaniards to
leon Bonaparte’s self-im-
posed title
Energy City Houston, Texas
Engineer of the Animal World Emancipator of the Serfs
be the Canary Islands—also
Emperor of Japan A k i h i t o
known as Isles of the Blest
the busy beaver Czar Alexander II of Russia
(1989–), Hirohito (1936–
Engineer of Fantasy Wa l t
Emancipator of the Slaves
Disney William Wilberforce
Emperor of Manchukuo
Engineer President H e r b e r t Emanuel Swedenborg E m a n -
Henry Pu-Yi (1934–1945)
Hoover uel Svedberg
Emperor of Mexico n a t ive
revolutionary Augustín de
Iturbide (1822–1823)
Engineers’ Town Coulee City,
Embodiment of Chilean Cul-
Washington ture Pablo Neruda
Emperor Philosopher M a r-
England’s Wooden Walls t h e emerald beryllium chromium
cus Aurelius
Royal Navy during the Napo- aluminum silicate (gemstone
Emperor of Tenors E n r i c o
leonic wars variety of beryl)
Caruso
Englebert Humperdinck A r- Emerald Capital Bogotá, Co-
Emperor of the West Charles
nold Dorsey (who took the lombia
the Great
emperors imperial potentates;
name of Wagner’s protégé)
Emerald of the Caribbean
English Agnostics T h o m a s Guadeloupe Island, French
largest of the Alaskan geese,
Henry Huxley, Charles Dar- West Indies
Antarctic penguins, Central
win, Herbert Spencer Emerald City mythical capital
American boas, European
English Alexander nickname of Oz as described in The Wiz-
moths, Japanese fishes
of King Henry V ard of Oz ; Seattle, Washing-
Empire Empire State Building
English Atheists Charles Brad- ton
of New York City at Fifth Av-
laugh, Bertrand Russell Emerald Country Colombia
enue and 34th Street
English Bach Johann Chris- Emerald Empire Idaho’s pan-
Empire Builder of British
tian Bach (who lived in Lon- handle
South Africa Cecil Rhodes
don from 1759 to 1852) Emerald Isle Ireland
Empire City New York; Well-
English Caribees c o l o n i a l Emerald Necklace 1 8 , 0 0 0
ington, New Zealand
name for the British West In- acres of parks surrounding
Empire State New York
dies Cleveland
Empire State of the South
Georgia
English Channel La Manche
Eponyms, Nicknames
English Cradle of U.S. Presi-
Ethiopian Ports M a s s awa , dents England—ancestral
Era of Mediocrity post-World
Port Smyth, Assab home of Presidents Adams,
War II era
E-town Ellis Town; English- Carter, Cleveland, Coolidge,
Erasmus Desiderius Erasmus
town Fillmore, Ford, Garfield,
(originally Geert Geerts or
Eudora electronic-mail pro- Grant, Harding, Harrison,
Gerard Gerardzoon)
gram named for Mississippi Johnson, Lincoln, Madison,
Ercoli Palmiro Togliatti
short-story writer Eudora Pierce, Taft, Taylor, Tyler, and
Eric Evergood King Eric I of
Welty (inspired by her short Washington
Denmark
story, Why I Live at the P.O.) English Nonsense Poet E d -
Erich Erich Fromm
Eugenie Marlitt E u g e n i e ward Lear
Erich Maria Remarque Erich
Maria Kramer
John’s pseudonym
English Operetta Composer
Eulenberg’s disease congeni- Sir Arthur S Sullivan
Eric the Lamb King Eric III
tal muscular spasms English Opium Eater T h o -
of Denmark
Eumenides the Furies mas De Quincey
Eric the Memorable K i n g
European Community B e l - English penicillin a nice cuppa’
Eric II of Denmark
gium, Britain, Denmark, tea
Eric the Red Eric Thorvalds-
France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, English Polynesia j o c u l a r
son
Luxembourg, Germany, nickname for the Seychelles
Eric Rohmer Maurice Scherer
Netherlands, Portugal, Spain Islands in the Indian Ocean
Erich von Stroheim H a n s
European Twelve ( a r r a n g e d English Visionary Wi l l i a m
Erich Maria Stroheim von
by population) Germany, It- Blake
Nordenwall
aly, Britain, France, Spain, Eniwetok Kili Atoll
Erie Canal New York State
Barge Canal
Netherlands, Portugal,
Enlightened Philanthropist
Greece, Belgium, Denmark, Andrew Carnegie
Erin Ireland
Ireland, Luxembourg Enlightenment (see The En-
Ernest Bramah Ernest Bra-
mah Smith’s pseudonym
Europe’s Cyber City Amster- dam, Netherlands
lightenment)
Ernie Ernald; Ernest
Eusebius (see Florestan and The Enlightenment Europe’s
Ernst von Dohnányi E r n ö
18th century when encyclo-
Dohnanyi
Eusebius) Ev Everett; Evlin
Eros Center sex supermarket
Evangel of Liberty T h o m a s Lavoisier were matched
pedias appeared in France and
England; when Voltaire and
nickname in Hamburg and
Paine across the Channel by Paine
Bonn, Germany
Eve Arden Eunice Quedens and Priestley
Erudite Americans Will and
Ariel Durant
Everest Sir George Everest,
Enlightenment Centuries t h e who conducted a trigonomet-
Escape King Harry Houdini
17th and 18th centuries rical survey of India, and the (1600s and 1700s) when in
Eskimo Village Ko t z e bu e ,
great mountain bearing his America and Europe human
Alaska
Esperanto pseudonym of Dr
name Everest of Oil Paintings t h e
Mona Lisa doctrine
reason prevailed in educa-
LL Zemenhoff—inventor of
tional, political. and religious
Esperanto—an artificially
contrived universal language
Everglades State Florida
evergreen a journalistic story Entac Nord wire-guided anti-
ESP Pioneer Dr JB Rhine who
that reappears predictably tank missile made in France
coined the term extrasensory
Evergreen City S h e b oy g e n , Entendard Dassault single-en-
perception, ESP
Wisconsin gine jet attack aircraft made
Estado Libre Asociado de
Evergreen State Washington in France
Puerto Rico ( S p a n i s h —
Free Associated State of Pu-
Eve’s curse menstruation
E O’N Eugene O’Neill
erto Rico)—Commonwealth
Evil Empire USSR
Epic Poet of Ancient Greece
Evil Florist C h a r l e s P i e r r e Homer
of Puerto Rico
Baudelaire—famous for his epsom epsom salt(s)—named
e-tailers electronic retailers
Les Fleurs du Mal (Flowers for the English racetrack town
Etcher of Disaster Francisco
of Evil) of Epsom Downs
de Goya y Lucientes
Excelsiors New Yorkers epsom salt magnesium sulfate
Etcher of Prisons G i a m b a t -
Excelsior State New York (MgSO 4 ⋅ 7H 2 O)
tista Piranesi
Executive City Washington, Equality State Wyoming
Eternal City Rome
Ethel Barrymore Ethel Blythe
D.C.
Equatorial Guinea’s Main
Exocet A e r o s p a t i a l e s u r- Port Bata
Ethel Leginska Ethel Liggins
face-to-surface missile for Era of Good Feeling adminis-
Ethel Merman Ethel Zimmer-
use aboard warships tration of James Monroe—
mann
Ethelred the Unready Ethel-
Expounders of Utilitarianism
fifth President of the United
Jeremy Bentham, James Mill, States
red II of England
Ethical Culturist Felix Adler
and John Stuart Mill
Eponyms, Nicknames
Exxon (formerly ESSO) Stan-
Farmer’s Bible Sears, Roe-
Father of American Football
Walter Camp “Eye” I Street in Washington,
dard Oil
buck catalog
Far North n o r t h e r n m o s t
Father of American Free-
thought Thomas Paine Eye of the Baltic Gotland
D.C.
Alaska, Canada, Greenland,
Norway, Sweden, Finland,
Father of American Geogra-
Eye of England London
phy Jedidiah Morse Eye of Greece Athens
and Russia
Farther India Indochina; In-
Father of American Geology
Eye into Europe St Petersburg
William Maclure more recently known as Pe-
dochinese Peninsula
Farting Bedpost bassoon
Father of American History
tersburg, Petrograd, or Lenin-
George Bancroft, William grad
Far West the Rocky Mountain
Bradford Eye of Italy Rome
States
Fashoda f o r m e r n a m e o f
Father of American Horticul-
Eye of Paris Brassai (photogra-
ture Peter Henderson pher Gyula Halasz)
Kodok, Sudan
Fastback Plus trademark of
Father of American Indepen-
eye in the sky helicopter serv-
dence John Adams ing police
Fifth Generation Systems of
Baton
Father of American Lexicog-
Eyetie(s) British slang for
raphy Noah Webster ltalian(s)
Fate American nickname for
Lafayette
Father of American Litera-
Fabien Sevitzky Fa b i e n
ture Washington Irving Koussevitzky
Father of Abolition S a m u e l
Hopkins
Father of American Medical
Fabulous Philadelphians t h e
Association D r N a t h a n Philadelphia Orchestra
Father of the A-bomb J Rob-
Smith Davis Fair City Perth, Scotland
ert Oppenheimer
Father Abraham A b r a h a m
Father of American Medical
Fair Deal administration of
Botany Jacob Bigelow Harry S Truman—thirty-third
Lincoln
Father of Air Conditioning
Father of American Mineral-
ogy Parker Cleaveland Fairview Fannie The Seattle
President of the United States
WH Carrier
Father of Algebra D i o p h a n -
Father of American Mule
Breeding George Washing- fairy a male homosexual
Times
tus of Alexandria
ton Fairy of Dreams Queen Mab
Father of All Foods alfalfa
Father of Alligator Wrestling
Father of American Naval
Fairytale Land D e n m a r k
Architecture Wi l l i a m A home of Hans Christian
Ed Froelich of Rouge, Loui-
Webb Andersen
siana
Father of All Yankees B e n -
Father of American Naviga-
Faithful City Worcester, Mas-
tion Nathaniel Bowditch sachusetts
jamin Franklin
Father of America Sam(uel)
Father of the American
Falcon Dassault twin-engine
Nuclear Navy Admiral Hy- executive transport made in
Adams
man G Rickover France and called Mystere 20
Father of American Anarchy
Josiah Warren of Cincinnati,
Father of American Nutrition
falcons of the sea c l i p p e r
W(ilbur)—O(lin) Atwater ships
Ohio who in 1827 advocated
government activities be
Father of American Oceanog-
Falks Falklanders; Falkland Is-
raphy Matthew Fontaine lands
transferred to private citizens
Maury Falls City Louisville, Ken-
Father of American Anthro-
pology Lewis Henry Mor-
Father of American Orches-
tral Music Johann Christian Falls of the Rhine R h e i n fa l l
tucky
gan
Gottlieb Graupner or Schaffhausen
Father of the American Ballet
George Balanchine
Father of American Ornithol-
false topaz citrine (quartz with
ogy John James Audubon, ferric iron)
Father of American Baptists
Alexander Wilson Famous Potatoes State Idaho
John Clarke
Father of American Botany
Father of American Paleontol-
Fanguito ( S p a n i s h — L i t t l e
ogy O(thniel) C(harles) Muddy)—San Juan, Puerto
John Bartram
Marsh Rico slum
Father of American Boxing
William Muldoon
Father of American Photogra-
Fannie Mae Federal National
phy S(amuel) F(inley) B(re- Mortgage Association
Father of American Church
ese) Morse (FNMA)
Music Lowell Mason
Father of American Conchol-
Father of American Photo-
Journalism Matthew Brady Far-Flung Hubbell n a t u r e
Fanny Brice Fanny Borach
ogy Thomas Say
Father of American Conserva-
Father of American Poetry
Philip Freneau Farinelli Carlo Broschi
writer Sue Hubbell
tism John Jay
Father of American Dance
Father of American Poets
Farmer President Wi l l i a m
William Cullen Bryant Henry Harrison and George
Ted Shawn
Father of American Egyptol-
Father of American Pragma-
Washington
ogy James Henry Breasted
tism Charles Sanders Pierce
Eponyms, Nicknames
Father of American Prison
Father of Basketball J a m e s
Father of Church History
Reform George O Osborne
Naismith
Eusebius
Father of American Psychia-
Father of Bebop D i z z y
Father of Civilian Atomic
try Dr Benjamin Rush
Gillespie
Power A d m i r a l H y m a n
Father of American Psychobi-
Rickover ology Adolf Meyer
Father of Belgian Opera A n -
Father of the Civil Rights Father of American Psychol-
dre Ernest Modeste Gretry
Movement Martin Luther ogy William James
Father of Believers M o h a m -
med
King, Jr
Father of American Railroads
Father of the Bill of Rights
Father of Civil Service
Peter Cooper
James Madison
Reform G e o rg e H u n t
Father of the American Revo-
Pendleton lution Sam(uel) Adams
Father of Bird Behavior Stud-
Father of Classical Music Father of American Rocketry
ies Arthur Cleveland Bent
Franz Joseph Haydn Robert H Goddard
Father of Black Baseball
Rube Foster (Andrew Foster)
Father of Comedy A r i s -
Father of American Surgery
tophanes Dr William Halsted or Dr
Father of Black History
Chester G Woodson
Father of Confederation
Philip Syng Physick
Father of Blood Banks and
John A Macdonald—Can-
Father of American Technol-
ada’s first prime minister ogy Eli Whitney
Blood Plasma Charles R
Father of the Constitution Father of the American Turf
Rich
James Madison—fourth Pres- Leonard Jerome
Father of the Blues W ( i l -
liam) C(hristopher) Handy
ident of the United States
Father of American Universal-
Father of Botany Aristotle
Father of the Continental Con-
gress Benjamin Franklin Murray
ism Hosea Ballou, John
Father of Brazilian Opera
Antonio Carlos Gomes
Father of the Copyright Wil-
Father of American Zoology
liam Hogarth Thomas Say
Father of British Archeology
Augustus Henry Lane-Fox
Father of the Cotton Gin E l i
Father of Anatomical Dissec-
Whitney tion Andreas Vesalius
Pitt-Rivers
Father of British Boxing Jack
Father of Courtesy R i c h a r d
Father of Andean Archeology
Beauchamp—Earl of War- Max Uhle
Broughton
Father of British Musicology
wick
Father of Anesthetic Den-
Sir Charles Grove
Father of the Cowboys
Charles Goodnight Father of Angling lzaak Wal-
tistry William T G Morton
Father of the British Navy
Alfred the Great
Father of Cuban Indepen-
dence José Marti Father of Annapolis G e o rg e
ton
Father of British Printing
William Caxton
Father of Czechoslovakian
Bancroft
Father of British Unitarian-
Music Bedrich Smetana
Father of Antarctic Whaling
Father of Damien J o s e p h Captain Carl A Larsen
ism John Biddle
Father of Buffalo Joseph Elli-
Damien de Veuster
Father of Antiseptic Obstet-
cot
Father of Danish Opera
rics Ignaz Semmelweis
Father of Camouflage Abbott
Friedrich Kuhlau
Father of Antiseptic Surgery
Henderson Thayer
Father of Dano-Norwegian
Sir Joseph Lister
Father of Canadian Confeder-
Literature Ludvig Holberg
Father of Argentina’s School
ation Sir John A Macdonald
Father of the Declaration of
System Domingo Faustino
Independence title shared Sarmiento
and George Brown of On-
tario, Sir George S Etienne
by Thomas Paine, Thomas
Father of Argentine Indepen-
Jefferson, John Adams, and dence General José de San
Cartier and Sir Alexander
Benjamin Franklin Martín
Galt of Quebec, Sir Charles
Tupper of Nova Scotia, Sir
Father of Deep Ecology A r n e
Father of the Atomic Age
Naess Enrico Fermi
Samuel Leonard Tilley of
Father of the Detective Story Father of the Atomic Subma-
New Brunswick
Edgar Allan Poe rine Admiral Hyman Rick-
Father of Chemistry R o b e r t
Boyle
Father of Dinosaur Art
over, USN
Father of Chemurgy George
Charles R Knight
Father of the Automobile
Father Divine Morgan J Di- Gottlieb Daimler
Washington Carver
vine born George Baker Father of Bacteriology R o b -
Father of Chicago John Kin-
zie
Father of Dominican Indepen-
dence Juan Pablo Duarte Father of Baseball H e n r y
ert Koch
Father of Child Psychology
Leo Kanner
Father of the Dominican
Republic José Nuñez de wright, Abner Doubleday
Chadwick, Alexander Cart-
Father of the Chinese Revolu-
Cáceres Father of Basic Flying J o h n
tion Dr Sun Yat-sen
Father of Dutch Poetry J a - Joseph Montgomery
Father Christmas S a n t a
Claus; Snow King
kob van Maerlant
Eponyms, Nicknames
Father of the Dutch Reformed
Father of His Country C i - Church in America J o h n
Father of French-Canadian
cero and several Roman cae- Henry Livingston
Poetry Octave Cremazie
Father of French Lyric Poetry
sars; George Washington—
Father of Ecclesiastical His-
first President of the United tory Eusebius Pamphili
Pierre de Ronsard
Father of French Opera
States
Father of Egyptian Archeol-
Father of History Herodotus ogy Sir Flinders Petrie
Jean-Baptiste Lully
Father of Homeopathy in Father of Electroencephalog-
Father of the French School of
America Dr Constantine raphy Hans Berger
Neurology J e a n - M a r t i n
Hering Father of Embryology C a r l
Charcot
Father of French Surgery
Father of the Household
Ernst von Baer
Ambroise Paré
Heater Benjamin Franklin
Father of the Encyclopedia
Father of French Tragedy
Father of Humanism in Amer-
Diderot ica John Dietrich
Father of English Cathedral
Pierre Corneille
Father of the Hydrogen Bomb
Music Thomas Tallis
Father of Frozen Foods Clar-
Edward Teller
Father of English Empiricism
Father of Hypnotism F r a n z John Locke (1632–1704)
ence Birdseye
Father of Full-Spectrum light-
ing John Ott
Friedrich Anton Mesmer
Father of English Lexicogra- Father of Independent India
phy Dr Samuel Johnson
Father of Genetics G r eg o r
Mohandas Karamchand Gan-
Father of the English Novel
dhi Henry Fielding
Mendel
Father of Independent Van- Father of English Poetry
Father of Geography S t r a b o
uatu Walter Lini Geoffrey Chaucer
the Greek Stoic who wrote
Father of Individual Psychol- Father of English Printing
seventeen books about Asia,
ogy Alfred Adler William Caxton
Egypt, Libya, and Europe
Father of Geometry
Father of Inductive Philoso-
Father of English Song Caed-
phy Francis Bacon mon
Pythagorus
Father of German Literature
Father of the IQ Test A l f r e d
Father of English Unitarian-
Benet ism John Biddle
GotthoId Ephraim Lessing
Father of Israel Chaim Weiz- Father of Epic Poetry Homer
Father of German Opera
mann Father of the Erie Canal D e
Christoph Willibald von
Gluck
Father of Italian Landscape
Painting Andrea del Verroc- Father of Ethical Culture Fe-
Witt Clinton
Father of the German Refor-
chio (Andrea di Michele lix Adler
mation Martin Luther
Cione) Father of Ethology Ko n r a d
Father of German Unification
Prince Otto von Bismarck
Father of Italian Opera
Claudio Monteverdi Father of Euphuism John Lyly
Lorenz
Father of Japanese Carica- Father of the Everglades
Father of Gods and Men
ture Toba Sojo National Park J o h n P e n -
Odin or Wotan, according to
the Norse; Jove or Jupiter, ac- cording to the Romans; Zeus,
Father of Japanese Shipbuild-
nekamp
according to the Greeks; etc.
ing Thomas Glover known
Father of Experimental Physi-
to the Japanese as Kuraba ology Galen
Father of Jazz Scott Joplin Father of the Faithful A b r a -
Father of the Gramophone
Father of Jests Joseph Miller ham
Emile Berliner
Father of Greater Philadel-
Father of Farm Workers C e -
phia John Christian Bullitt
Father of the Juvenile Court
Judge Benjamin Barr Lindsey sar Chavez Father of Fascism B e n i t o
Father of Greek Didactic
Poetry Hesiod whose poem
Father of the Kindergarten
Friedrich Froebel Mussolini; Gabriele d’ An-
Father of the Kiwifruit James nunzio
Theogony describes the be-
MacLoughlin Father of Kudzu G e o rg i a System George Carter Glass
ginning of the world, its gods,
Father of the Federal Reserve
and the five Ages of Mankind
Father of Greek Music Te r-
Father of Latin Song Ennius D(avid) W(ark) Griffith
pander of Lesbos
farmer Charming Cope
Father of the Film Industry
(239–169 BCE) Father of Fingerprinting A l -
Father of Greek Sculpture
Phidias
Father of the Legal Code
David Dudley Field Father of the Flivver H e n r y
phonse Bertillon
Father of Greek Tragedy Ae-
Father of Lies Satan Ford
schylus
Father of Greenbacks
Father of the Locomotive Ri-
Father of the Free School Sys-
chard Trevethick tem Governor James Ed-
Salmon Portland Chase
Father of Logarithms J o h n ward English of Connecticut
Father of the H-bomb E d -
Napier Father of Free Trade A d a m
ward Teller
Father of High-Speed Photog-
Father of Mainframe Comput-
Smith
raphy Harold E Edgerton
ers Gene Amdahl
Eponyms, Nicknames
Father of Marine Geology
Father of Modern Geology
Father of Mongolian Democ-
Francis Shepard
Sir Charles Lyell
racy Sanjaasuren Zorig
Father of Massachusetts
Father of Modern German
Father of Moral Philosophy
Thomas Aquinas Father of Medicine H i p p o -
Governor John Winthrop
Poetry Heinrich Heine
Father of the Mormons J o - crates
Father of Modern Guitar
Music Francisco Tárrega
seph Smith
Father of Mexican Indepen-
Father of Muckrakers Upton dence Miguel Hidalgo y
Father of Modern Gynecol-
Sinclair, Lincoln Steffens, Costilla
ogy Dr J Marion Sims
Father of Modern Italian
and Joseph Flynt Williard
Father of Mexican Muralism
Father of Music Festivals Ed- Dr Atl (born Gerardo Murillo)
Poetry Gabriele D’ Annun-
inburgh Father of Microscopy A n t o n
zio
Father of Modern Magnetism
Father of Natural History
van Leewenhoek
John Van Vleck
Aristotle; Carl Linnaeus
Father of Military Strategy
Father of Modern Medicine
Father of Naval Aviation
Father of Mineralogy A g r i - Commander Robert C Whit-
Hannibal
Canadian-born Sir William
cola ton
Osler
Father of Modern Anatomy Father of Negro History
Father of Modern Music
Andreas Vesalius (1514– Carter G(odwin) Woodson
Franz Liszt; Mozart
Father of Modern Navies
Father of the Neighborhood
Captain Alfred T Mahan au-
Father of Modern Architec-
Settlement House J a c o b
ture Frank Lloyd Wright August Riis
thor of The Influence of Sea
Power upon History pub-
Father of Modern Art
lished in 1890
Father of Neurosurgery
Masaccio (Tommaso Guidi)
Father of Modern Neurology
American-born Canadian
Father of Modern Astronomy
Doctor Wilder Penfield Copernicus (Nikolaus Koper-
Father of New England John nicki)
Guillaume-Ben-
jamin-Amand Duchenne
Father of Modern Baseball
Father of the Modern Novel
Endicott—its first governor
Alexander Joy Cartwright
Lion Feuchtwanger
Father of New England Tran-
Father of Modern Brazil
Father of the Modern Orches-
scendentalism Ralph Waldo
Emerson Getulio Vargas
tra Hector Berlioz
Father of the New Left H e r-
Father of Modern Conserva-
bert Marcuse tive Thought E d m u n d
Father of Modern Painters
Giovanni Cimabue (Cenni di
Pepo)
Father of Niagara Power
Burke
Father of Modern Contact
Father of Modern Pedagogy
William Birch Rankine
Lenses Otto Wichterle
Heinrich Pestalozzi
Father of the Nuclear Subma-
rine Admiral Hyman G
Father of Modern Criminol-
Father of Modern Philosophy
Rickover, USN
ogy Alphonse Bertillon and
René Descartes
Father of Modern Photogra-
Father of Oceanography
Cesare Lombroso
Father of the Modern Daylilly
phy William Henry Fox Tal-
Matthew Fontaine Maury
Father of Ontario Hydro S i r Dr Arlow Burdette Stout
bot
Adam Beck Philosophy John Locke
Father of Modern Democratic
Father of Modern Physics
Father of Organic Architec- Father of Modern Drama
Albert Einstein
Father of Modern Physiology
ture Frank Lloyd Wright
Father of Organized Labor
Henrik Ibsen
William Harvey
Father of Modern Economic
Samuel Gompers Forecasting Tr y g ve
Father of Modern Prose Fic-
Father of Osteopathy Dr An- Haavelmo
tion Daniel Defoe
Father of Modern Rocketry
drew T Still
Father of Modern Economics
Robert Hutchings Goddard
Father of Paleontology
Adam Smith
Father of Modern Russian
Georges Cuvier
Father of Modern English
Father of Parole Captain Al- Poetry Walt Whitman
Poetry Nikolai Alekseevich
Nekrasov
exander Maconochie the gov-
Father of Modern Existential-
ernor of the Norfolk Island ism Søren Kierkegaard
Father of Modern Spanish
Poetry Rubén Darío
penal colony from 1840 to
Father of Modern Explora-
1844 tion Fridtjof Nansen
Father of Modern Surgery of
Father of Pasteurization Father of Modern Finger-
the Brain Paul Broca
Louis Pasteur printing Sir Edward Rich-
Father of Modern Symphony
César Franck
Father of the Patent Office
ard Henry
Father of Modern Taxonomy
John Ruggles
Father of Modern French
Father of Pathology R u d o l f Poetry Charles Baudelaire
Carl von Linné also known as
Carolus Linnaeus
Virchow
Father of Modern Genetics
Father of the Modern Zoo
Father of Penitentiary Sci-
Gregor Mendel
Carl Hagenbeck
ence Jean Jacques Vilain
Eponyms, Nicknames
Father of Pennsylvania Will-
Feingold diet diet said to calm iam Penn—its founder
Father of the World Wide
hyperactive children (named Father of Permissiveness Ben-
Web Tim Berners-Lee
for Dr Benjamin Feingold) jamin McLane Spock, pedia-
Father of Yellowstone Nation-
Feldenkrais Technique p o s - trician (1903–1998)
al Park Nathaniel Langford
Father of Zionism T h e o d o r
ture therapy developed by
Father of Philippine Indepen-
Moshe Feldenkrais dence Emilio Aguinaldo
Herzl
Female Seminary Mount Ho- Father of Philosophy Thales
Father of Zoology Aristotle
Fats Thomas (Fats) Waller
lyoke College
Father of the Phonograph
Feminist Reformer L u cy Thomas A Edison
Fats Domino Antoine Domino
Fats Waller Thomas Waller
Stone
Father of Photojournalism
Feminist Revolutionist M a r y Alfred Eisenstaedt
Fat Tony Antonio Salerno
Wollstonecraft also known as Father of Physiography Will-
Fatty and Skinny O l ive r
Mary Godwin iam Morris Davis
Newell Hardy and Stan Lau-
rel
Ferihegy Budapest, Hungary’s
Father of Pianoforte Playing
airport Muzio Clementi
Faulhaber Cardinal Michael
Fernán Caballero C e c i l i a Father of Pittsburgh G e o rg e
von Faulhaber, who opposed
Francisca Josefa de Arrom Washington who proposed
the Nazis
Fernandel Fernand Contandin the location and the name
Faulkner’s County Yo k n a p -
atawpha (an invention of nov-
Fernando de Magallanes
Father of Poetry Orpheus
elist William Faulkner)
(Spanish—Ferdinand Magel-
Father of Polar Exploration
lan)—originally Fernão de Fridtjof Nansen
Faultless Painter Andrea del
Magalhães Father of the Potteries J o -
Sarto
Ferrel’s law a body moving in siah Wedgwood
Faustus Socinus Fa u s t o
Father of Psychoanalysis
Sozzini
any direction over Earth’s
surface will tend to be de- Sigmund Freud
Favelas Rio de Janeiro slums
flected to right in Northern
Father of Public Relations
favism disease, caused by en-
Edward L Bernays, Ivy L Lee
zyme deficiency in some peo-
Hemisphere and left in South- ern Hemisphere—for Ameri-
Father of Radio Lee De For-
ple, that destroys red blood cells when fava beans are
can meteorologist William est
Father of Radio Broadcasting
eaten
Ferrel
Ferret Daimler armored scout Harry P(hillips) Davis
Favorite Island of Columbus
car made in Great Britain Father of Railways G e o rg e Stephenson
Ferryville old name for Men- zei-Bourguiba in Tunisia Father of Reform John Cart-
Jamaica
The Fed The Federal Reserve
Fertile Arabia Arabia Felix in wright
Board
Federal Capital Territory
the southern Arabian Penin- sula, particularly in the Ye-
Father of the Reformed
now called Australian Capital
Church John Henry Living-
menite lands once called ston
Territory (around and in Can-
berra)
Federal City Wa s h i n g t o n ,
Aden or the Hadhramaut
Father of the Religion of Rea-
Fertile Crescent A u s t r a l i a ’s son (Unitarianism) J a m e s
coastal plain extending from Martineau in England, Ralph
D.C.
southern New South Wales to Waldo Emerson and The-
federalese the jargon of bu-
southern Queensland; agri- odore Parker in the United
reaucrats on the federal pay-
cultural region extending States
roll
Federal Hill P r ov i d e n c e ,
from the Lerant to Iraq
Father of Religious Human-
Fiddler’s Green t r a d i t i o n a l ism John Dietrich
Rhode Island slum
Federal Republic of Germany
haven of drowned sailors sup-
Father of the Republic of
posedly filled with women, China Sun Yat Sen
Bundesrepublik Deutschland
grog, fine food, and tobacco; Father of the Waters g r e a t
Federated States of Microne-
some opine it is a suburb of rivers such as the Amazon,
sia i s l a n d s o f Ko s r a e ,
Davy Jones’ Locker while Amur, Congo, Euphrates,
Phompei, Truk, and Yap
others insist it is a synonym Huang, Irrawaddy, Lena,
Federation of Malaysia M a -
for Fiddler’s Grotto Mackenzie, Mekong, Missis-
laysia (formerly Brunei, Fed-
Fiddler’s Grotto music-fulled sippi, Niger, Nile, Ob, Volga,
eration of Malaya, Sabah, Sa-
tropical marine cavern inhab- Yangtze, Yenisei
rawak, and Singapore)
Federation of South Arabia
ited by young women; roast
Father of the Western Story
turkeys fly about slowly; fine Zane Grey
Ittihad al Janub al ’Arabi—
formerly Aden Colony and
beer, whiskey, and wine cas-
Father of Western Theater
cade down its marble walls; Aeschylus
Aden Protectorate
its location, according to Cap- Father of West Point S y l va -
Feebie (American slang —
tain Ed Hassel, is exactly two nus Thayer
member of the Federal Bu-
reau of Investigation)
miles this side of Hell
Eponyms, Nicknames
Fifteenth State Kentucky
First Family family of the Fifteen-Year War (see Pacific
Fiona Macleod
Wi l l i a m
President of the United States War)
Sharp’s pseudonym
First Fleeters Australians trac- Fifth Continent Africa
Fiorello Fiorello LaGuardia
ing their lineage to their an- Fifth Disease parvovirus
Firebar NATO name for Soviet
cestors’ arrival in 1788 Fifth Estate The Underworld
Yakovlev all-weather fighter
First Foreign Enclave Macao, of Organized Crime
interceptor aircraft Yak-28P
Portuguese China Fifth State Connecticut
Firebrand of the Navy L i e u -
first-generation money c a s h ; Fiftieth State Hawaii
tenant Stephen Decatur, USN
currency Figaro Mariano José de Larra’s
Firebrand of the World Ta -
merlane (Timur Lenk or
First Gentleman of the Land
President Chester A Arthur Fighting Bob Rear Admiral
pseudonym
Timur the Lame)
First Gospel Gospel according Robley Evans; English prize-
Fireclay Capital Mexico, Mis-
souri
fighter Robert P Fitzsim-
firecracker factory m i s s i l e
to Saint Matthew
First Great Cheerful Giver
George Peabody Fighting Lady USS Lexington
mons; Senator Robert M La
manufacturing plant
Follette, Sr
Fireman Joe Begg (baseball
player)
First Great Operatic Com-
Fighting Quaker G e n e r a l
Firestreak Hawker-Siddeley
poser of the New World
Carlos Gomes Fijian Ports Suva and Levuka
Nathanael Greene
air-to-air missile
First All-American Poet Walt
First Great Symphonist
Filadelfia Paraguay’s City of
Franz Joseph Haydn Brotherly Love
Whitman
First Halfway House Isaac T Filatov’s disease s c a r l a t i n a -
First American Advertiser
Hooper Home opened in New like exanthematous affection
William Penn
York City in 1845 by the So- Filbert Center Hillsboro, Ore-
First American Man of Let-
ciety of Friends (Quakers) gon
ters Washington Irving
First International First Inter- Filipino Libertarian E m i l i o
First American Penitentiary
national Workingmen’s Asso- Aguinaldo
Walnut Street Jail in Philadel-
ciation (convening in Paris in Film Capital Hollywood, Cal-
phia built in 1790
1864) ifornia
First American Poet P h i l i p
First Lady wife of any Ameri- Filthydelphia Philadelphia
Frenau
can President Finality John Lord John Rus-
First American Republic Ice-
First Lady of the Air Amelia sell
land
Earhart final solution Hitlerian trunca-
First American Woman Novel-
First Lady of America Poca- tion covering the extermina-
ist Charlotte Lennox
hontas tion of the Jews
First American Woman Physi-
First Lady of American Revo- Financial Center of the Rock-
cian Elizabeth Blackwell
lution Mercy Otis Warren ies Denver, Colorado
First Astrophysicist J o h a n n e s
Kepler
also known as Philomela
Financial Genius of the Under-
First Atomic City H a n f o r d ,
First Lady of American Song
world Meyer Lansky
Washington
Kate Smith
Financier of the Revolution
First Black American Conduc-
First Lady of American The-
ater Helen Hayes Finkelstein Box a box that di-
Robert Morris
tor Dean Dixon
First Black Member of the
First Lady of Computers
vides United States into Re-
Lady Augusta Ada Byron and Democratic Party strong-
U.S. Supreme Court Thur-
publican Party strongholds
good Marshall
First California Mission S a n
Lovelace (the poet Lord By- ron’s daughter)
holds (named for Arthur
Diego de Alcalá First Church First Church of
First Lady of Country Music
Tammy Wynette Finland’s Principal Port Hel-
Finkelstein, political consult- ant)
First Lady of Crime A g a t h a sinki
Christ, Scientist
Christie Finnish Ports Tornio, Roytta,
First Citizen of Ghana D r
WEB Du Bois
First Lady of Liberty A b i g - Kemi, Koivoluoto, Oulu,
First City of the First State
ail Adams Raahe, Kokkola, Ykspihlaja,
Wilmington, Delaware
First City of the South S a -
First Lady of the Library
President Millard Fillmore’s Vasklot, Kasko, Kristinestad,
Jakobstad, Nykarleby, Vaasa,
vannah, Georgia
wife Abigail—founder of the Pori, Mantyluoto, Reposaari,
First Concentration Camp in
first library in the White Kaunissaari, Rauma,
Germany Dachau (erected
House Uusikaupunki, Turku, Storby,
in March 1933 near Munich)
First Estate The Clergy
First Lady of the Skies
Mariehamn, Hango, Lappvik,
Amelia Earhart Ekenas, Helsinki, Kotka,
First Execution by Electrocu-
First Lady of Song E l l a Hamina
tion August 6, 1890 in New
York State’s Auburn Prison
Fitzgerald
Eponyms, Nicknames
First Lady of the World
Fletcherism Horace Fletcher’s Eleanor Roosevelt—wife of
First Zen First Zen Institute of
theory that people should President Franklin D
America
chew every forkful of food Roosevelt
fiscal pirates inflation and taxes
Fish-Canning Capital of the
thirty-two times for good
First Lawyer of the Land
health U.S. Attorney General
World Stavanger, Norway
Fisher Equation interest rates
Flickertail(s) N o r t h D a ko -
First Man to Walk on the
tan(s) Moon Neil A Armstrong
are composed of the real rate
Flickertail State North Dakota First Mayor of Chicago Will-
of interest plus the expected
Flip Wilson Clerow Wilson, co- iam Butler Ogden
rate of inflation (named for
economist Irving Fisher)
median (1933–1998)
First Person to Announce His
Fishing’s Eve Juliana Berners
Flitch John Pierpont Morgan
Discovery of Photography
Flivver King Henry Ford William Henry Fox Talbot on
Fishpot NATO name for Soviet
float a term for the period of January 31, 1839
SU-9 all-weather jet fighter
time between when a check is First Perspective Painter Pa -
aircraft
written and funds are drawn o l o U c c e l l o ( Pa o l o d i
Fitter NATO name for Soviet
from the check’s account Dono)—known for his stud-
SU-7 jet ground-attack air-
Flood City Johnstown, Penn- ies in foreshortening and lin-
craft
sylvania ear perspective
Fiume Italian name for Rijeka,
Floral Watercolorist William First Picaresque Novel L a z -
Yugoslavia formerly belong-
Demuth arillo de Tormes (author un-
ing to Italy
Five Nations Cayugas, Onei-
Floreana Island, Galápagos
Santa María First Poet Laureate Ben Jon-
known)
das, Onondagas, Mohawks,
Florence Austral F l o r e n c e son
and Senecas (American In-
dian tribes on the English side
Wilson
First Poet Laureate of the
Florestan Robert Schumann United States Robert Penn
in the French and Indian
Wars)
Florestan and Eusebius
Warren (1986–1987)
Fjord Land Norway
pseudonyms invented by
Robert Schumann to repre- States George Washington
Flag of Alfonso yellow-and-
sent the two sides of his char- First Prison Newspaper T h e
First President of the United
red emblem of Spain dating
acter Florestan was impetu- Summary published by the in-
from fifteenth century when it
ous and passionate whereas mates of the New York State
was carried by Alfonso el
Magnánimo
Eusebius was the dreamer Florida of Canada B r i t i s h
Reformatory at Elmira on No-
Flag Bay Bahía de Banderas,
vember 22, 1883—Thanks-
Columbia, Canada giving Day
Mexico
Flagellum Dei (Latin—Scourge
Florida Pen Florida Peninsula Florida Ports J a c k s o nv i l l e ,
First Quaker G e o rg e Fo x ,
Port Everglades, Miami, Key founder of the Society of
of God)—Attila the king of the
Huns
West, Tampa, St Petersburg,
Port St Joe, Panama City, First Romantic Artist G i a m -
Friends
Flagon-A NATO code name
Pensacola battista Piranesi
for Soviet SU-11 delta-wing
Flour City Buffalo or Roches- First State Delaware
fighter aircraft
ter, New York First Street in Europe D i s -
flap and zap laser in-situ kera-
Flower Capital Encinitas, Cal- raeli’s nickname for London’s
tectomy
ifornia Strand
Flash Joe Gordon
Flower City Rochester, New First University Plato’s Acad-
Flash Hollett William Hollett
York emy
Flashlight NATO name for So-
Flower Garden of England First White House of the Con-
viet Yakovlev Yak-25 two-
The Sorlings or Isles of Scilly federacy temporary home of
place interceptor fighter air-
off Land’s End Jefferson Davis in Montgom-
craft
Flower King Carl von Linné ery, Alabama in 1861
Flatiron New York City’s Flat-
(Linnaeus) First Woman Physician D r
iron Building at Broadway,
Flower of the Levant Zante in Elizabeth Blackwell
Fifth Avenue, and 23rd Street
the Ionian Islands First Woman Reporter A n n e
Flats Flatlands—in Great Brit-
Flower Moon full moon in June Royale of Virginia (publisher
ain
Flower of Quakerism a b o l i - of Paul Pry), Nellie Bly of
Flea Freddie Patek (baseball
tionist Lucretia Mott Pennsylvania (reporter for the
player)
fleishig pertaining to meat (Yid-
Flower Seed Capital of the
West Santa Maria, Califor- First World highly industrial-
New York World )
dish: fleyshik)
nia ized countries such as Japan,
Flemish Colorist Peter Paul
Flower State Florida the United States and most
Rubens
Flower Town Brampton, On- Western European nations
Flemish Primitive Painter
Gheeraert David
tario
Eponyms, Nicknames
Flowertown in the Pines
Forest of Forests forested belt
Foster Mother of the Sciences
Medicine Flower of the Transvaal P r e -
Summerville, South Carolina
stretching from northern Nor-
Founder of the AAAA D r toria
way to eastern Siberia
Charles L Andrews, founder Flowery Kingdom China
Forget-Me-Not State Alaska
American Association for the fluf fat little ugly fella (engi-
The Forgotten Man P r e s i -
Advancement of Atheism neers’ nickname for Boeing
dent Franklin D Roosevelt’s
Founder of Agnosticism Tho- 737 jet)
description of the American
mas Henry Huxley Flying Boxcar C-119 Fairchild-
voter
Forgotten Philosopher G i o r-
Founder of Agricultural
Chemistry Justus von Lie- Flying Dutchman m y t h i c a l
Hiller transport
dano Bruno
big character immortalized in Ri-
The Forgotten War Ko r e a n
War
Founder of the American Fed-
chard Wagner’s opera Der
eration of Labor Sam(uel) Fliegende Holländer; nick-
Former Naval Person c o d e
Gompers name of the baseball batting
name of Prime Minister
Churchill formerly First Lord
Founder of American Military
champion of the early
Intelligence General Ralph 1900s—Honus Wagner
of the Admiralty
H Van Deman Flying Finn Paavo Nurmi
Formidable Maestra conduc-
tor Antonia Brico
Founder of the American
Fly-up-the-Creek green heron
Navy John Paul Jones (Butorides virescens)
Formosa (Portuguese—beauti-
ful, delightful, perfect)—
Founder of Analytical Psychol-
Fly up the Creeks Floridians
ogy Carl Gustav Jung Foam City Milwaukee, Wis-
name given Taiwan by Portu-
guese explorers
Founder of the Aniline Dye
consin Industry Sir William Perkin
Fortaleza formerly Caerá
Fog City San Francisco
Founder of Antiseptic Sur-
Fogfoundland f o g - b o u n d gery Joseph Lister
Fort Dimanche Haiti’s infa-
mous prison close to Pétion-
Foggy Bottom the U.S. State Criticism Giorgio Vasari
Newfoundland
Founder of Art History and
ville
Department Founder of Bacteriology Fer-
Fort Hill John C Calhoun’s
Foley motion picture postpro- dinand Cohn
country seat in the Pendleton
duction synchronization of Founder of Behaviorism John
district of South Carolina near
body-movement sounds with Watson
Anderson
Fortieth State South Dakota
the image track; Thomas S
Founder of the Birth Control
Foley
Fort Liquordale Fort Lauder-
Movement Margaret Sanger
Folk Arts and Crafts Capital
dale, Florida (when college
Founder of the Boy Scouts and
of Kentucky Berea
students make their Easter va-
Girl Guides S i r R o b e r t
Founder of Brazil Pedro Al- Foothill City Calgary, Alberta
Football Capital of the South
Baden-Powell Birmingham or New Orleans
cation visit)
Fortunate Island Monhegan,
vares Cabral Forbidden City Lhasa, Tibet
Maine
Fortunate Islands Canary Is-
Founder of British Imperial
Forbidden Island p r iva t e l y
lands
India Robert Clive
Founder of Buddhism Prince owned Niihau, westernmost
Fortunate Isles Madeira Is-
Siddhartha (Gautama Bud- island in Hawaii
lands—also called Isles of the
dah)
Forbidden Kingdom Bhutan
Blest in classical mythology
Fordham Flash Frank Frisch Pedro de Mendoza Ford Madox Ford Ford Ma-
Fortune-seekers Idahoans
Founder of Buenos Aires
forty-and-eights railroad box-
cars used by French in World
Founder of Cellular Pathol-
dox Hueffer ogy Rudolf Virchow Fordtown Detroit, Michigan
War I to transport forty men
Founder of Chemistry R o b - Foreigner State New Jersey
or eight horses
ert Boyle Forensic Psychiatrist Richard
Forty-eighth State Arizona
Founder of Chicago Jean de von Krafft-Ebing
Forty-fifth State Utah Forty-first State Montana
Sable
Forerunner of the Reforma- Founder of Christian Science
tion John Huss
Forty-fourth State Wyoming
Forerunner of Spanish-Amer-
Forty Immortals c o l l e c t ive
Mary Baker Eddy
Founder of Cleveland, Ohio
ican Independence F r a n -
nickname of the forty mem-
cisco Miranda
bers of the French Academy
Moses Cleaveland
Founder of the Columbia Uni-
Forest Cantons Swiss cantons
Forty-ninth State Alaska
versity School of Journal-
of Lucerne, Schwyz, Unter-
ism Joseph Pulitzer walden, and Uri
Forty-second State Washing-
ton
Founder of Comparative
Forest City Cleveland, Ohio or
Anatomy Baron Georges London, Ontario
Forty-seventh State N ew
Cuvier Forest City of the South S a -
Mexico
Forty-sixth State Oklahoma
Founder of Confucianism
vannah, Georgia
Forty-third State Idaho
K’ung Futzu (Confucius)
Eponyms, Nicknames
Founder of Conservative Sur-
Founder of Hungary Arpad
Founder of Phenomenology
gery Sir William Fergusson
Founder of Iconographic and
Edmund Husserl
Founder of Continental Ratio-
Physiologic Anatomy L e -
Founder of Philosophic Radi-
calism James Mill Founder of Cubism G e o rg e
nalism René Descartes
onardo da Vinci
Founder of Impressionism
Founder of Polaroid Photogra-
Braque, Pablo Picasso
Claude Monet
phy Edwin Land
Founder of Cybernetics
Founder of Positivism A u - Norbert Wiener
Founder of Islam Mohammed
Founder of Jainism M a -
guste Compte; Immanuel
Founder of Czech School of
Kant Music Bedrich Smetana
havira also known as Vardha-
mana
Founder of Postimpression-
Founder of Dada Tr i s t a n
ism Paul Cézanne Tzara
Founder of Japanese Color-
Print Making I wa s a
Founder of Pragmatism
Founder of Detroit Sieur de
C(harles) S(anders) Peirce Cadillac
Matabei
Founder President of Zambia Founder of Electromagnetism
Founder of Judaism Moses
Kenneth Kaunda Michael Faraday
Founder of the Kelmscott
Founder of Professional Nurs- Founder of Electrophysiology
Press William Morris
ing Florence Nightingale Emil du Bois Reymond
Founder of the Lutheran
Founder of Providence, Rhode Founder of English Empiri-
Church Martin Luther
Island Roger Williams cism Sir Francis Bacon
Founder of Manila M i g u e l
Founder of Psychoanalysis Founder of Episcopalianism
López de Legazpi
Sigmund Freud Henry VIII
Founder of Medical Statistics
Founder of Experimental
Pierre-Charles Alexander
Founder of Psychology Wi l -
helm Wundt Hygiene Max von Petten-
Louis
kofer
Founder of the Methodist
Founder of Québec S a m u e l
Founder of the Faculty of Phy-
Church John Wesley
de Champlain
sicians and Surgeons of
Founder of Modern Astron-
Founder of the Religious Soci-
ety of Friends George Fox Glasgow Peter Lowe
omy Nicolaus Copernicus
Founder of Fauvism H e n r i
(Nikolaus Kopernicki)
Founder of Rhode Island
Emile Benoit Matisse
Founder of Modern Chemis-
Roger Williams
Founder of First Free Medical
Founder of Rome Romulus Clinic in the U.S. B e n -
try Antoine Lauret Lavoisier
Founder of Modern Existen-
Founder of the Royal Navy
tialism Søren Kierkegaard
Samuel Pepys
Founder of the Franco-Belgian
Founder of Russian Litera- School of Violin Playing
jamin Rush
Founder of Modern German
ture Alexander Pushkin Charles Auguste de Bériot
Sculpture Johann Gottfried
Founder of Salt Lake City Founder of French Colonial
Schadow
Brigham Young Empire Louis Faidherbe
Founder of Modern Military
Founder of the Science of Founder of French Grand
Medicine Sir John Pringle
Eugenics Sir Francis Galton Opera Daniel François Es-
Founder of Modern Philoso-
phy René Descartes
Founder of Scientific History
prit Auber
Founder of Modern Russian
Thucydides
Founder of French Opera
Literature A l e k s a n d r
Founder of Scottish Presbyte-
Jean-Baptiste Lully
Sergeyvich Pushkin
rianism John Knox
Founder of French Socialism
Founder of Modern Sculpture
Founder of Secularism
Compte Claude Henri de
George Holyoake Rouvroy de Saint-Simon
Donatelio (Donato di Niccolo
di Betto Bardi)
Founder of Singapore Sir Th-
Founder of the Friends
omas Stamford Raffles George Fox
Founder of Mormanism J o -
Founder of Social Psychology Founder of Functionalism
seph Smith
Gustave Le Bon Louis Sullivan
Founder of Naturalist Move-
Founder of Sociology A u - Founder of Georgia J a m e s
ment in Literature É m i l e
guste Compte Oglethorpe
Zolá
Founder of State Socialism Founder of Gestalt Therapy
Founder of Oklahoma J e a n
Louis Blanc Fritz Perls
Pierre Chouteau
Founder of Optics Giovanni
Founder of Swarthmore Col-
Founder of Hadassah Henri-
lege Martha Ellicott Tyson etta Szold
Battista della Porta
Founder of Taoism Lao-tzu Founder of Histology M a r-
Founder of Osteopathy A n -
drew Taylor Still
Founder of Transcendental
cello Malpighi
Founder of Pakistan Dr Mo-
Idealism Immanuel Kant
Founder of Homeopathy
hammed Ali Jinnah
Founder of Transcendental-
ism Ralph Waldo Emerson Hahnemann
Christian Friedrich Samuel
Founder of Pediatric Cardiol-
ogy Helen Brooke Taussig
Founder of Troy Tros
Founder of Humanistic Psy-
Founder of Pennsylvania
Founder of Unitarianism
chology Abraham Maslow
William Penn
John Biddle
Eponyms, Nicknames
Founder of the University of
Fra Angelico Giovannida Fie- Pennsylvania B e n j a m i n
four-dimensional science g e -
sole Franklin
ology involving the applica-
tion of biology, chemistry,
Fra Bartolommeo B a c c i o
Founder of the University of
della Porta Virginia Thomas Jefferson
mathematics, and physics
Fra Elbertus Elbert Hubbard Founder of Uruguay J o s é
four-five .45-caliber gun
Fragment of Eden Seychelles Gervasio Artigas
Four Forest Cantons L u c -
erne, Schwyz, Unterwalden,
Islands in the Indian Ocean
Founder of the U.S. Navy
Fragrant Harbor Hong Kong Captain John Paul Jones
and Uri—all in Switzerland
Framer of the Bill of Rights Founder of the Venetian
The Four Horsemen s e n i o r
James Madison School of Painting G i o -
backfield that led Notre Dame
to national collegiate football
Framer of the Declaration of
Independence Thomas Jef- Founder of Vermont Ira Allen
vanni Bellini
championship in 1924—Jim
Crowley, Elmer Layden, Don
ferson who rewrote Thomas
Founder of Victimology
Paine’s draft with the aid of Hans von Hentig or Benjamin
Miller and Harry Stuhldreher
John Adams and Benjamin Mendelsohn
Four Lakes City M a d i s o n ,
Wisconsin
Franklin
Founder of Zoroastrianism
The Four Musketeers
Framer of the French Revolu-
Zoroaster also known as Zar-
tion Denis Diderot athustra
Frenchmen who dominated
Frances Alda Frances Davis Founders of Christianity dis-
men’s world tennis in 1920s
and 1930s—Jean Borotra,
France’s Largest Port
ciples of Jesus Christ
Jacques Brugnon, Henry Co-
Marseille
Founders of Cubism Georges Franche-Compté Burgundy
chet and René Lacoste
Braque and Pablo Picasso Francis Beeding John Leslie
Four Noble Truths suffering is
an unavoidable part of exist-
Founders of Flemish Painting
Palmer’s pseudonym the van Eyck brothers—Hu-
ence; suffering is caused by
desire; elimination of desire
Franciscan Wine Capital
brecht and Jan
will end suffering; desire and
Wurzburg, Germany
Founders of French Romantic
suffering can be eliminated
Franco-Hispanic Co-Princi-
Painting Delacroix, Géri-
pality Andorra (between cault, and Gros
Four Seasons Crossroad of
New England Manchester,
France and Spain)
Founders of the Hudson River
Francoise Sagan pseudonym— School (of painting) T h o -
Françoise Quoirez mas Cole and Asher Brown
New Hampshire
François Villon François de Durand
Fourteen Points s t a t e m e n t
made by President Woodrow
Wilson of American peace
Montcorbier
Founders of Neo-Impression-
Francophone Africa A fa r s ism Georges Seurat and Paul
goals during World War I
and Issas, Algeria, Burundi, Signac
Fourteenth State Vermont
Fourth Bureau Red Army bu-
Cameroon, Central African
Founders of Scientific Social-
Republic, Chad, Congo, Be- ism Karl Marx and Friedrich
nin, Gabon, Guinea, Ivory Engels
reau in charge of overseas in-
Coast, Madagascar, Mali, Founding Father City A u s -
telligence-gathering activities
Mauritania, Mauritius, Niger, tin, Texas named in honor of
of the Soviet Union
Reunion, Rwanda, Senegal, Stephen F Austin
Fourth Estate The Media—
press, radio, television
Seychelles, Togo, Tunisia,
Fourth Gospel Gospel accord-
Founding Father of Israel
Burkina Faso, Zaire
ing to Saint John
Francophone America
David Ben-Gurion
Fourth International Trotsky-
French Guiana; Guadeloupe;
Founding Fathers of Econom-
Haiti; coastal parishes of Lou- ics Adam Smith and David
oriented organization reject-
isiana; Martinique; northern Ricardo
ing the Second and Third In-
ternationals in the direction of
New York, Vermont, New
Founding Father of the Smith-
Hampshire, Maine, and New sonian Joseph Henry
the class struggle
Fourth State Georgia
Brunswick; Québec; St Pierre
Founding Philosopher of Mod-
and Miquelon ern Capitalism A d a m
Fourth World poorest of the
Francophone Europe A n - Smith
Third World nations
dorra; French-speaking Bel- Fountain of Youth St August-
Four Tigers Hong Kong, Sin-
gium, France, Luxembourg, ine, Florida
gapore, South Korea, Taiwan
Monaco; French-speaking Four-C City El Paso, Texas
Four Winds Boreas (north),
cantons of Switzerland (famous for its cattle, climate,
Eurus (east), Notus (south),
Francophone Pacific F r e n c h copper, and cotton)
Zephyrus (west)
Polynesia, New Caldonia, Four Corners boundary-line
Foxardo (naval argot—Fa-
New Hebrides, Wallis and Fa- junction of Arizona, Colo-
jardo, Puerto Rico)
tuna Islands rado, New Mexico, and Utah
Foxes Mainers
Fox Populi Charles James Fox
Francophone Province Québec
Eponyms, Nicknames
Frank Leslie business name of
French Quarter Vieux Carré Henry Carter
French Community m e t r o -
in New Orleans Frank Richards C h a r l e s
politan France together with
its overseas departments, ter-
French Revolutionary Calen-
dar (see Vend, Brum, Frim, Franz Josef Land Arctic is-
Hamilton’s pen name
ritories, and former territories
Niv, Pluv, Vent, Germ, Flor, lands called Zemlya Frantsa
(Communauté françise)
Prair, Mess, Therm, Fruc, en- Iosifa by the Russians
French disease syphilis also
tries) Fred Alan John Sullivan
known as the Italian disease
French Riviera resort areas Fred Astaire F r e d e r i c k
or the Spanish disease as well
as morbus gallicus (Latin—
along the Mediterranean from
Austerlitz Marseilles to Menton, includ-
Gallic disease)—the French
ing Cannes, Monaco, and Frederick Douglass F r e d e r-
disease
Nice ick Augustus Washington
French Equatorial Africa
French Sahara former colo- Bailey
former colonies Benin or Da-
nial areas such as Algeria, Frederick the Great F r e d e r-
homey, Cameroon, the Cen-
French Morocco, Mauritania, ick II of Prussia
tral African Empire, the
and Niger Frederic March F r e d e r i c h
French Congo, Gabon, and
French Shore N ew f o u n d - McIntyre Bickel
Guinea
land’s northern and western Fred Niblo Frederico Nobile
French flu serious artist turning
coasts Freedom Defender U.S. Su-
fey
French Somaliland C ô t e preme Court Justice William
French India former French
Fra n ç a i s e d e s S o m a l i s O Douglas
possessions in India (Chand-
(French Coast of the Soma- Freedom Fighter f o r m e r
ernagore, Pondicherr, etc.)
lis)—now known as Djibouti name of the Northrup Tiger II
French Indo-China f o r m e r
French-speaking Places ( s e e or F-5 tactical fighter plane
name of area comprising An-
nam, Cambodia, Chochin
entries under Francophone)
China, Laos, Tonkin, and
Free and Hanseatic City
French Sudan former name of
Hamburg Mali
Vietnam
Free State Maryland French Switzerland F r e n c h -
French Morocco eastern Mo-
speaking areas of Switzerland Freestone State Connecticut
rocco closest to Algeria and
French Togoland former name Freeway City Los Angeles
the Sahara
of Togo French French bull (small
French paradox disparity be-
French Union France plus its breed of dog); French chalk
tween rich diet and apparent
overseas colonies and depart- (tailor’s talc); French curve
good health among the
ments as well as all its former (drafting instrument); French
French
possessions heel (high curved heel);
French Polynesia A u s t r a l ,
French West Africa f o r m e r French polish (alcohol + shel-
Marquesas, Society and Tuo-
colonies of France: Algeria, lac); French pox (syphilis);
moto islands in the South Pa-
Chad, French Morocco, Mali, French roll (women’s coif-
cific Ocean
Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, fure); French roof (man-
French Ports Dunkerque, Cal-
and Upper Volta sard-style); French seam
ais, Boulogne-sur-Mer; Le
French West Indies Desirade, (completely covered seam);
Treport, Dieppe, Fecamp, Le
Havre, Rouen, Cherbourg,
Guadeloupe, Les Saintes,
French system (spinning sys- Marie Galante, Martinique,
Granville, St Malo, Brest,
tem); French tamarisk (salt Petite Terre, Saint Bartho-
Douarnenez, Aupierne, Port
cedar) lomew (Barthelemy), Saint
Louis, Lorient, Le Palais, Le
French-75 75-millimeter field Martin (French half)
Croisic, Saint Nazaire,
frequent fliers repeat admittees French Aero Pioneers E t i -
Donges, Paimboeuf, Basse-
gun developed by the French
to psychiatric wards enne and Joseph de Montgolf-
Indre, Les Asables Dolonne,
La Pallice, La Rochelle,
Rochefort, Tonnay-Charente,
The Freshest Man on Earth
Arlie Latham (baseball French Antilles French West
ier
L e Ve r d o n , M o r t a g n e ,
Trompeloup, Paulillac, Blaye,
player)
Ambes, Le Marquis, Bor-
Friar Antonio Agapida
Indies French Canada French-speak-
deaux, Arcachon, Boucau,
pseudonym of Washington
Irving ing Canada, mainly the Prov-
Bayonne, Biarritz, Port Ven-
Frida and Diego Frida Kahlo ince of Québec
dres, Port La Nouvelle, Sete,
and Diego Rivera French Caribees c o l o n i a l
Port St Louis du Rho, Port de
Fridjof Nansen Land f o r- name for the French West In-
Bouc, Berre Letang,
merly Franz Josef Land (Arc- dies
Marseille, LaCiotat, Toulon,
tic island group in Queen Vic- French Century the 18th cen-
Cannes, Nice, Villefranche,
toria Sea north of Barents Sea tury—the 1700s
Bastia and Ajaccio (on Cor-
sica), Menton
sector of Arctic Ocean)
Eponyms, Nicknames
Friend of the American Revo-
Fundador de la República
Gambling Capital of the Far
lution Caron de Beaumar-
East Macao, Portuguese chais
(Spanish—Founder of the
Republic)—José Nuñez de
China
Friend of Helpless Children
Cáceres—founder and first
Gambling Capital of the Far
Herbert Clark Hoover—
West Las Vegas, Nevada thirty-first President of the
president of the Dominican
gandi(s) half-naked railroad- United States
Republic (Spanish Haiti)
Fundador de Nueva Granada
track worker(s)
Friendliest Town in the West
Gang of Five (see Group of Geraldton, Western Australia
(Spanish—Founder of New
Five) Friendly Island Molokai, Ha-
Granada)—Francisco de
Gangland Chicago waii; St Maarten, Netherlands
Paula Santander—founder of
Gang of Six Canada plus the Antilles
Colombia (Nueva Granada)
Gang of Five Friendly Islands To n g a I s -
funeral order maritime tradi-
Gannet Westland three-place lands in the South Pacific
tion of older persons standing
early-warning aircraft devel- Friendly Kingdom Tonga Is-
back to give young people
oped in Britain lands
first chance when boarding
garbage land mines scattered Frisian Frisian language spo-
lifeboats or using other life-
by aircraft ken off coasts of Denmark,
s av i n g e q u i p m e n t ( s e e
Garbage Dump California’s Germany, and the Nether-
Birken’ead drill)
San Quentin Prison; Green lands
Fungus Corners ( n ava l a r-
Meadow Correctional Facil- Frog(s) Anglo-American slang
got—Bremerton, Washing-
ity at Comstock, NY for French (people)
ton)—a rainy port
Garbage Man Sly Williams Frontier Fighter D av i d
Fun-Loving Philosopher Mark
(basketball player) (Davy) Crockett
Russell
Garden of the Andes M e n - Frontier Gandhi Abdul Gaffar
Fun and Sun Cities A c u ñ a ,
doza, Argentina Khan
México across the Rio
Garden of the Antilles S t Frontier Hero Daniel Boone
Grande from Del Rio, Texas
Croix, Virgin Islands Frontier States A l a s k a a n d
funny money cash that cannot
Garden of Argentina Tu c u - Hawaii
be spent openly
man Frostbite nickname of Fair-
Furry Lewis Walter Lewis
Garden of Canada Ontario banks, Alaska
Fuss and Feathers G e n e r a l
Garden of the Caribbean Pu- Frosty Beaver Moon f u l l
Winfiield Scott, USA
erto Rico moon in November
The Fuzz [ s l a n g — d e t e c -
Garden City a town planned to Fruit Belt land around Lake
tive(s); law-enforcement of-
include industry while main- Michigan in the United
ficer(s); police]
taining low housing density States, where lake tempers
fuzzies 10-day to 3-week-old
and cultural and recreational climate and fruit ripens at a
rats
amenities; Singapore (also latitude where it usually
Gabon Ports Cocobeach, Li-
called Lion City) would not
breville, Port Gentil, Sette
Garden City of Australia Fruit Bowl of the Nation
Cama, Gamba Oil Terminal
Gabriel Israeli surface-to-sur-
Melbourne Garden City of Georgia A u -
Yakima, Washington
face missile
Fruit from Heaven mango
Gabriela Mistral L u c i l a
gusta
Garden City of India Mysore fuel of the future solar power
Godoy de Alcayaga
Gabriel d’Annunzio Gaetano
Garden City of New Zealand
fugitive dust fine-grained soil
Christchurch that easily blows away
Rapagnetta
Garden of Denmark F y n o r Führer (German—Leader)—
Gabriel Padecopeo L o p e d e
Funen—home of Hans Chris- Hitler’s title
Vega
tian Andersen Full Buck Moon July 3 full
Gaby Gabrielle Dupont
Garden of the East B u r m a moon
gaffer person responsible for
(now Myanmar), Malaysia, fullerenes g e o d e s i c d o m e -
all lighting setups on film
and Sri Lanka shaped carbon molecules
Gagarin Yuri A Gagarin, Rus-
Garden of England Kent and named for American architect
sian cosmonaut and pioneer
Worcester and engineer (Richard) Buck-
of first manned orbital flight
around Earth
Gardener Touched With
Genius Luther Burbank Fulton’s Folly inventor Robert
minster Fuller (1895–1983)
Gail Hamilton Mary Abigail
Garden of France A m b o i s e Fulton’s steamship Clermont
Dodge
and Touraine Fum the Fourth nickname of
Gaillard Cut formerly called
Garden of God ancient ep- George IV
Culebra Cut (in the Panama
Canal)
onym of Lebanon just north
Fun Capital of Scandinavia
of the Holy Land Copenhagen, Denmark
Galen (sometimes Galin) Vas-
Garden of the Gods park near Fun City New York
ily Konstantinovich Blücher
Gambia’s Port Georgetown
Colorado Springs, Colorado
Eponyms, Nicknames
Garden of the Gulf P r i n c e
Gastown waterfront area of
Gateway to Latin America
Edward Island in the Gulf of
Miami, Florida St Lawrence
Vancouver, BC
Gateway to Moroland Z a m - Garden of Ireland Carlow
Gate City Ke o k u k , I owa ;
boanga, Mindinao Garden Island Kauai, Hawaii
Laredo, Texas; St Louis, Mis-
souri
Gateway to Mount Rainier
Garden Isle Kauai, Hawaii
Gate City of the South A t -
Tacoma, Washington
Garden Isle of Micronesia
Gateway to the Negev B e e r- Ponape
lanta, Georgia
sheba, Israel Garden of Italy Sicily
Gatemouth Clarence Brown
Gateway to the North N o r t h Garden of Love Shalimar wa-
Gates of the Arctic n a t i o n a l
Bay, Ontario terside garden on Kashmir’s
park in north-central Alaska
Gates of Hell old nickname
Gateway to Northern Europe
Göteborg (Gothenburg), Swe- Garden of Maine Aroostook
Dal Lake
for the entrance to Marquarie
den County
Harbour on the Indian Ocean
Gateway to the NY-NJ Mar- Garden of the Morning
coast of Tasmania when it
ket Bayonne, New Jersey Breeze Naseern Bagh on
was a penal settlement
Gate of Tears Bab-el-Mandeb
Gateway to Parris Island
Kashmir’s Dal Lake
Strait linking Gulf of Aden
Beaufort, South Carolina
Garden of Paradise in the Sea
and Indian Ocean with the
Gateway to the Rhine Valley
Bonn, Germany Garden Province C a n a d a ’s
Madeira
Red Sea; many sailors call it
Gate of Hell because of its
Gateway to the San Juan
Islands Anacortes, Washing- garden room morgue
Prince Edward Island
desert-heated winds
Gateway to Alaska S e a t t l e ,
ton
Garden of the Southwest
Washington
Gateway to the Smokies
Knoxville, Tennessee Garden of Spain fields of An-
Southern California
Gateway to the Alps Zurich
Gateway to America Ellis Is-
Gateway to South America
Colombia (with ports on the Garden State Kansas; New
dalucía and Valencia
land immigration station,
Atlantic and the Pacific) Jersey
New York; New York City
Gateway Arch City St Louis,
Gateway to Southwest Japan
Kobe Garden of Sweden Blekinge
Garden of the Sun Indonesia
Missouri
Gateway States C a l i f o r n i a , Garden of Switzerland Thur-
Gate to the Arctic Fairbanks,
Louisiana, New Jersey, New gau
Alaska
York Garden of Wales s o u t h e r n
Gateway to the Bahamas
Gateway to the West P i t t s - Glamorganshire
Bimini Island off Miami
burgh, Pennsylvania, and St Garden of the West Califor-
Gateway to the Big Bend
Louis, Missouri nia; Kansas; Illinois
National Park M a r fa ,
Texas
Gateway to Western India
Garden of the World Missis-
Bombay sippi River Valley
Gateway to the Caribbean
Gateway to the Yukon S k a g - Gargantua Franç I of France
Tampa, Florida
way, Alaska (or) Henri d’Albret—King of
Gateway City n i c k n a m e o f
GATF Graphic Arts Technical Navarre
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, af-
Foundation Garlic Capital Gilroy, Califor-
ter the Revolutionary War
Gator Bowl J a c k s o nv i l l e , nia
Gateway to the Dakotas
Florida Garry Moore Thomas Garri-
Sioux Falls, South Dakota
’Gator State Alligator State son Morfit
Gateway of the Day F i j i I s -
(Florida) Gary Cooper Frank J Cooper
lands near the International
Date Line
Gaucho Land Uruguay
Gas House of the Nation
Gautama Buddha Prince Sid- Washington, D.C.
Gateway to the East P o r t
dhartha Gaskin Soviet SA-9 air-de-
Said, Egypt
Gavin Ogilvy James M Barrie fense missile system con-
Gateway to Eastern India
Gay City San Francisco tained in an amphibious ar-
Calcutta
Gateway to the Golden Isles
Gay Gateway to Europe
Copenhagen (Københaun) Gasopolis Los Angeles (on
mored vehicle (NATO)
Brunswick, Georgia
Gay Paree Paris, France smog-filled days); other
Gateway to the Great Seaway
gay(s) homosexual(s) places with similar air pollu-
Green Bay, Wisconsin
Gay White Way N ew Yo r k tion
Gateway to the Gulag M a -
City’s Broadway in the 42nd Gasparilla (Spanish—Little
gadan on the Sea of Okhotsk
Street and Times Square area Gaspar)—nickname of José
Gateway to India Bombay
Gazelle Embracer of Brazil’s Gaspar—pirate active along
Gateway to Israel Haifa
version of the Aerospatiale west coast of Florida around
Gateway to Japan Yokohama
SA-341 observation helicop- 1750
Gateway to Lapland Rovani-
emi, Finland
ter
Eponyms, Nicknames
Gem Beside the Amstel A m -
George London G e o rg e sterdam
Genghiz Khan (Mongolian—
Perfect Warrior)—his empire
Burnstein
Gem of the Caspian Sea
George Orwell Eric Blair Volga River
stretched from the China Sea
George Raft George Ranft Gem of the Mountains Idaho
to the Dnieper and his sub-
jects called him Ruler of the
George Sand Amandine Au-
Gem of the Oregon Coast
rore Lucie Dupin (Baroness Yachats, Oregon
World
Genie Douglas air-to-air rocket
Dudevant)
Gem of the South Pacific
George Santayana Jorge Au- New Zealand
fitted with a nuclear warhead
gustín Nicholás Ruiz de San- Gemsbok Gemsbok National
and designated AIR-2A
tayana Park of Botswana in south-
Genius Ray Charles
Georges Duhamel D e n i s west Africa
Genius of the Renaissance
Thevenin Gem State Idaho
Leonardo da Vinci
George Spelvin John Chap- Gene Autry Orvon Gene Autry
Gentle Jeems P u d G a l v i n
man General Booth S a l va t i o n
(baseball player)
Georges Simenon (pen name— Army founder William Booth
Gentleman Boss Chester Alan
Georges Sim) General Bor Ta d e u s z Ko -
Arthur
George Szell György Széll morowski—cavalry leader of
Gentleman Explorer G i o -
George W George Walker Bush 63-day uprising of Polish un-
vanni da Verrazano
— forty-third president of the derground against Germans
Gentleman Jim prizefighter
United States occupying Warsaw in 1944
James John Corbett
Gentleman Johnny G e n e r a l
Georgia n a m e d f o r K i n g
General Day After Tomorrow
John Burgoyne, also a noted
George II of England
Georgia Peach Ty Cobb (base- Nez Perce nickname for Gen-
British playwright
eral Oliver O Howard, com-
ball player) mander of the Nez Perce
Gentle Peasant-Prince-the lov-
Georgia Ports Savannah, Brun- Campaign of 1877, who usu-
ing Cotter-King R o b e r t
swick, Fernandina Beach ally was a day and a half be-
Burns, according to Robert G
Georgia’s Oldest City Savan- hind them
Ingersoll in his poem The
nah General Douglas pseudonym
Birthplace of Burns
Georgi Vladimov George Vo- of Soviet corps commander
Gentle Rebel of Psychoanaly-
losevich Yakov Smuskevich while
sis Karen Horney
Gerard de Nerval ( p s e u d - leading the Spanish Republi-
Geoffrey Crayon Washington
onym—Gerard Labrunie) can air force in 1936–37
Irving
German German camomile General John nickname of the
Geoffrey Homes Daniel Main-
(tea); German ivy (South Af- first Duke of Marlborough—
waring’s pseudonym
rican ivy); German knot (fig- John Churchill
Geographical Center of North
America Rugby, North Da-
ure-8 knot); German lapis (imitation lapis lazuli), Ger-
General Kleber pseudonym of
man measles (rubella); Ger- Soviet general Grigory Shtern
kota Geordieland Newcastle-on-
man shepherd (police dog); while serving as chief advisor
German silver (copper- to the Spanish Republican
Tyne area of northeastern En-
nickel-zinc alloy resembling General’s Lady Martha Wash-
gland
army in 1936–37
silver) ington—wife of General
Geordies p e o p l e f r o m t h e
coalmining and industrial
area of Newcastle-on-Tyne
German Aeronautical Engi-
George Washington
Geordie(s) Newcastle (per-
neering Genius Willi Mess- erschmitt
General Tom Thumb Charles
German Africa former colo- S Stratton
sons)
nies (Cameroons, German General Tubman Harriet Ross
Georg Brandes Morris Cohen
East Africa, German South- Tubman of Underground
George Arliss A u g u s t u s
west Africa, Togoland) Railroad fame
George Andrews
German Agnostic Immanuel Generation X p e o p l e b o r n
George Bellairs Harold Blun-
Kant from 1965 to 1977 (about 40
dell’s pseudonym
George Bizet Alexandre César
German Cradle of U.S. Presi-
dents Germany—ancestral Generation Y people born from
million people)
Léopold Bizet
home of Presidents Eisen- 1978 to 1988 (about 60 mil-
George Brent George Nolan
hower and Hoover lion people)
George Burns Nathan Birn-
German East Africa colonial Gene Tunney James Joseph
baum
possession of Germany from Tunney (boxer)
George Eliot Mary Ann Evans
1885 to 1916; included most Geneva Cross (see Cross of
Cross
of Tanganyika Geneva)
George Gershwin Jacobi Ger-
shvin
German Hanseatic Seaport
Gene Wilder Jerome Silber-
Cities B r e m e n , D a n z i g , man
George Gissing J S t o r e r
Glouston
Hamburg, Lübeck
Eponyms, Nicknames
German Ocean North Sea
Gilded Age opulent post-Civil
Glubb Pasha J o h n B a g o t
Germanophone Countries
Glubb Austria, Germany, Liechten-
War period in the United
Gnomes of Zurich S w i s s stein, Luxembourg, German-
States
bankers speaking cantons of Switzer-
Gilois French-built scissors
Gobbo il Gobbo (Italian—the land, and places in the United
bridge mounted on a tank and
Hunchback)—15th-century States where German dialects
useful in spanning canals,
architect and sculptor named such as Pennsylvania German
ditches, and small streams
Christoforo Solari (Pennsylvania Dutch) are
Ginger Rogers Virginia Mc-
Math
God of Animals, Crops, Fertil-
spoken
Ginnie Mae Government Na-
ity, Prophecy, and Rural
German Ports Warnemunde,
Life Faunus (Roman); Pan Rostock, Wismar
tional Mortgage Association
(Greek) Germans t h e G e r m a n s
(GNMA)
Gippsland Victoria—Austra-
God of Battle, Inspiration, and
[Former President Nixon’s
Death Odin (Norse) Chief of Staff—HR (Bob)
lia’s best-endowed province
Glacier Bay Alaskan national
God of Blacksmithing and
Haldeman and Domestic Ad-
Forges Hephaistos (Greek); viser John Erlichman]
park
Vulcan (Roman) german silver 5 0 % c o p p e r,
Gladiator P e t e B r ow n i n g
(baseball player)
God of Blame and Ridicule
30% nickel, 20% zinc
Glass Capital of Massachu-
Momus (Roman)
German South-West Africa
setts Boston
God of Bloodshed and War
colonial possession of Ger-
Greek god Ares; Roman god many from 1884 to 1915
Glass Capital of New York
Mars Namibia
Corning
God of Boundaries Terminus German-speaking Places (see
Glass Capital of Ohio Toledo
(Roman) Germanophone Countries)
Glass Capital of Pennsylvania
Pittsburgh
God of the Christians and Jews
Germany Federal Republic of
Jehovah Germany Bundesrepublik
Glass Center Toledo, Ohio
God of Corn and Grain R o - Deutschland
Glass House the glassed-in
Los Angeles County Jail in
bigus (Roman)
Germany’s Largest Port
California
God of Creation and Destruc-
tion Siva (Hindu) Geronimo Goyahkla
Hamburg
Glass Menagerie on the East
River United Nations head-
God of Cunning Dexterity
Gershwin of the Tango A s t o r
Hermes (Greek); Mercury Piazolla
quarters
Gleason score calculation indi-
(Roman)
Gettysburg Battlefield
cating prostate cancer’s level
God of the Dead and the
Painter Henri Emmanuel
Underworld Dis (Roman); Félix Philippoteaux
of aggressiveness
Hades (Greek); Mantus (Etr- Ghana Ports Ta ko r a d i a n d
Glenard’s disease prolapse of
uscan); Pluto (Roman) Tema
one or more internal organs
God of Death Mors (Roman); ghetto blaster portable radio/
Glen Ford Gwyllyn Ford
Thanatos (Greek) tape player
Glengariff ( I r i s h G a e l i c —
Goddess of Agriculture Ceres Ghirlandaio Domenico di To-
rough valley)—Banty Bay
or Vacuna (Roman); Demeter maso Bigordi
Glimmerglass J a m e s F e n i -
(Greek) ghoul trust tax-shelter gift plan
more Cooper’s nickname for
Lake Otsego at Cooperstown,
Goddess of Animals, Crops,
involving third party expected
New York
Fertility, Prophecy, and
Rural Life Bona Dea or to die prematurely
Glimmer Twins r o c k m u s i -
Giacomo Meyerbeer J a ko b
cians Mick Jagger and Keith
Bona Mater or Fauna (Ro-
man) Liebmann Beer
Richards
Glitter Gulch Reno, Nevada
Goddess of Arts, Crafts, and
Giant Cactus Moon full moon
Sciences Athena (Greek); in July
Globemaster Douglas trans-
port designated C-124 and
Minerva (Roman)
Giant of Danish Literature
Goddess of Athens Athena Hans Christian Andersen
built for cargo carrying or fly-
ing 200 troops
Goddess of Avenging Justice
Giant of Freethought Charles
Nemesis (Greek) Bradlaugh
Gloomy Gus Gustav Mahler
Glorious Fifty t h e U n i t e d
Goddess of Beauty and Love
Giant of Mexican Music Car-
Aphrodite (Greek); Venus los Chavez
States of America
(Roman) Giant in the Nursery J e a n
Glorious Fourth July 4 (Inde-
Goddess of Birth the Roman Piaget
pendence Day in the U.S.A.)
goddess Carmenta also Gig Young Byron Barr
Glorious Gloria Gloria Swan-
known as Carmentis Gilbert Roland Luis Antonio
son
Goddess of the Breeze A u r a Dámaso de Alonso
Glorious Patriarch of Ester-
hazy Franz Joseph Haydn
(Greek)
Eponyms, Nicknames
Goddess of Bridesmaids
Goddess of the Future A n -
Goddess Mother of the World
Juno Pronuba (Roman)
tevorta (Roman)
Mount Everest
Goddess of Burials, Corpses,
Goddess of Nature C y b e l e and Funerals Libitina (Ro-
Goddess of Gardens and Fruit
( R o m a n ) o r Ku b e l e man)
Trees Pomona (Roman)
Goddess of Good Faith Fides
(Greek)—sometimes called
Goddess of Cattle and Pas-
Mistress of the Animals tures Pales (Roman)
Goddess of Groves, Orchards,
and Woods Feronia (Ro-
Goddess of Newborn Babes
Goddess of Chance Fo r t u n a
Levana (Roman) (Roman)
man)
Goddess of Harmony C o n -
Goddess of Night Nux (Greek)
Goddess of Chaos, Sickness,
sometimes spelled Nyx and Death Kali (Hindu)
cordia (Roman)
Goddess of Nursing Mothers Goddess of Childbirth and
Goddess of Healing I a s o
Rumina (Roman) Prophecy Carmenta, Juno
(Greek)
Goddess of Passion S t i m u l a Lucina, and Postverta
Goddess of Health H y g e i a
(Roman) Goddess of the Crops A u xe -
(Roman); Hygieia (Greek)
Goddess of the Past Postvorta sia and Demeter
Goddess of the Hearth H e s -
(Roman) Goddess of the Dead M a n i a
tia (Greek); Vesta (Roman)
Goddess of Peace k n ow n t o (Roman)
Goddess of Heaven H e r a
the Romans as Concordia, Goddess of Death Hel (Norse
(Greek); Juno (Roman)
Irene, or Pax, and to the folklore)
Goddess of the Home H e r a
(Greek); Juno (Roman)
Greeks as Eirene
Goddess of Destiny or Fate
Goddess of Profit L ave r n a Necessitas (Roman)
Goddess of Home Security
Cardea or Carna who guarded
(Roman)
Goddess of Discord and Strife
the door hinges and locks
Goddess of Public Welfare
Discordia (Roman) or Eris
Salus (Roman) (Greek)
Goddess of Horses E p o n a
(Gallic); Hippona (Roman)
Goddess of the Rainbow I r i s
(Roman) Bubona (Roman)
Goddess of Robbers F u r i n a Goddess of Earth G a e a o r
Goddess of Domestic Animals
Goddess of Hunting and the
Moon Artemis (Greek); Di-
(Roman) Rhea (Greek); Cybele, Tellus,
ana (Roman)
Goddess of Rome Roma or Terra (Roman)
Goddess of Imposters and
Thieves Laverna (Roman)
Goddess of the Sea and Sea-
Goddess of Law and Order
ports Matuta (Roman)—
Goddess of Fair Speech and
originally goddess of the (Greek)
Good Report E u f e m i a
Eunomia or Themis (Greek);
Justitia (Roman)
dawn
Goddess of Sensual Pleasure
Goddess of Faith, Honesty,
Goddess of Leisure and
Goddess of Shepherds Pa l e s Goddess of Fame Fama (Ro-
and Oaths Fides (Roman)
Repose Vacuna (Roman)
Voluptas (Roman)
Goddess of Lighting Fulgora
(Roman) man); Pheme (Greek)
(Roman)
Goddess of Love and Lust
Goddess of Silence Muta (Ro-
Goddess of Family Harmony
man) Verplaca (Roman) also
Aphroide (Greek); Venus
(Roman)
Goddess of Storms and Winds
Tempestes (Roman) Goddess of Famine Fames
spelled Virplaca
Goddess of Magic, Sorcery,
Goddess of Suckling Infants Goddess of the Fertile Earth
and the Underworld H e -
Rumina (Roman) Opalia or Ops (Roman)
cate or Hekate (Greek—
Goddess of Treachery F r a u s Goddess of Fertility F r i g g a
working afar); Trivia (Latin—
(Roman) (Queen of Asgard and wife of
of the three ways) and hence
Goddess of Truth A l e t h i a Odin in Nordic mythology)
the Romans placed her wher-
ever three roads met
(Greek); Veritas (Roman)
Goddess of Fertility, Love,
Goddess of Married Women
Goddess of the Underworld
Lust, and War Ishtar (As-
Persephone (Greek); Proser- syrian and Babylonian)
Juno Matronalis (Roman)
Goddess of Memory Mnemo-
pina (Roman)
Goddess of Fertility and Pro-
Goddess of Vice K a k i a creation Aphrodite (Greek);
syne (Greek)—mother of the
(Greek) Isis (Egyptian); Mylitta (As-
muses; her name gives rise to
Goddess of Victory N i ke syrian); Venus (Roman)
mnemonic—an aid to mem-
ory
(Greek)
Goddess of Fertility and
Goddess of Virgins Juno Vir- Purity Bona Dea (Roman)
Goddess of Menstruation
ginalis (Roman) Goddess of Fire H e s t i a
Mena (Roman)
Goddess of War Bellona (Ro- (Greek); Vesta (Roman)
Goddess of Midwives D e -
man); Enyo (Greek) Goddess of Freedom Libertas
verra (Roman); Eileitia
Goddess of Wisdom A t h e n a (Roman)
(Greek)
(Greek); Minerva (Roman) Goddess of Funerals N a e n i a
Goddess of Mirth Thalia
Goddess of Youth H e b e (Roman)
Goddess of the Moon L u n a
(Roman); Selene (Greek)
(Greek); Juventus (Roman)
Eponyms, Nicknames
God of Dreams Morpheus—
God of the Sun Adonis (Syr- Greek god of dreams
God of the Infernal Regions
ian); Apollo (Roman); Apol- God of Drinking Comus (Ro-
Dis (Greek); Pluto (Roman);
lon (Greek); Baal (Chaldean); man)
Yama (Hindu); etc.
Helios Hyperion (Greek in God of Earth Tellumo (Ro-
God of the Internet Jon Pos-
Homer’s time); Horus (Upper man)
tel, director of Internet As-
Egypt); Mithras (Persian); Gödel’s Theorem all branches
signed Numbers Authority
Moloch (Canaanite); Osiris of mathematics are based on
God-Intoxicated Man B e n e -
(Egyptian); Ra or Re (Egypt’s propositions that can’t be
dictus de Spinoza
Old Kingdom); Sol Invictus proved within that branch
(Latin—Sun Invincible)— (named for mathematician
God of Landmarks Terminus
Romans shortened this to Sol; Kurt Gödel)
(Roman)
Godless Victorian Sir Leslie
Stephen
Surya (Hindu)
God of Eloquence and Ora-
God of Thunder Thor (Norse) cury (Roman)
tory Hermes (Greek); Mer-
God of Light Mithra (Aryan,
Indian, Persian)
God of Time Cronus (Greek); Saturn (Roman)
Godfather of American Inven-
God of Love Cupid (Roman);
tion Thomas Jefferson Hermes (Greek); Mercury
Eros (Greek); Krishna
God of Trade and Travelers
Godfather of American Lib-
(Hindu) God of Marriage Hymen, ac-
(Roman) erty Thomas Paine
God of the Underworld D i s
Godfather of Modernism
cording to Greek mythology,
(Roman); Hades (Greek); James Laughlin (New Direc-
also leader of the nuptial cho-
(Roman) Nathaniel Bowditch
tions publisher)
rus and personification of the
Mantus (Etruscan); Pluto
wedding feast
God of Vineyards and Wine Godfather of Organized
Godfather of Navigation
God of the Mohammedans
Bacchus (Roman); Dionysus Crime in the U.S. M ey e r
Allah
(Greek) Lansky
God of Music Johann Sebas-
God of War A r e s ( G r e e k ) ; God of Fertility Frey (Norse);
tian Bach, according to Pablo
Mars (Roman) Priapos (Greek); Priapus (Ro-
Casals
God of Wine Bacchus (Ro- man)
God of Music, Poetry, and the
Sun Apollo (Roman) or
man); Dionysus (Greek)
God of Fields, Pastures, Shep-
gold gold-tinted Acapulco mar- herds, and Woods Fa u n u s
Apollon (Greek)
ijuana (Roman); Pan (Greek)
God of the Nile and Vegeta-
Golda Meier Goldie Mabo- God of Fire Agni
tion Osiris (Egyptian)
vitch, later Golda Meyerson God of Fire and Forges Hep-
God of Purification F e b r u u s
Gold Coast Africa’s Ghana; haestus (Greek); Vulcan (Ro-
(Roman)
Australia’s resort area extend- man)
God of Revelry and Wine
Dionysus (Greek); Bacchus
ing from Coolagantta to
God of Forests, Herds, Plants,
Southport; Florida’s resort and Trees Silvanus (Ro-
(Roman)
coast extending from Key man)
God of the Romans Jupiter—
supreme god
West to Palm Beach
God of Gods and Ruler of
Gold Diggers Californians (Greek); Jove or Jupiter (Ro-
Heaven and Earth Z e u s
God’s Athlete Pope John Paul
II Golden Age era of mankind, according to mythology,
man)
when people lived in content- Materialist
God of the Sea Neptune (Ro-
God of Gold M a m m o n t h e
man); Poseidon (Greek)
God of Ships and the Sea
ment and peace with arts and crafts superior to those of the
God of Good Harvests and
Nyörd (Norse)
Silver, Bronze, Iron, and
Stone ages; mankind’s age of Eventus Bonus (Latin—Good
Successful Undertakings
God of Skill Hermes (Greek);
innocence where there was Results)—a Roman god
Mercury (Roman)—the
springtime all the time and God of the Greeks Panhelle-
winged cap-and-shoes mes-
happiness, right, and truth nius or Zeus
senger of Jove or Jupiter
(Zeus) in one hand he bore a
prevailed; there were no
God of Healing and Medicine
bodily ailments and nobody Asclepius (Greek); Aescu-
rod entwined by two serpents
had to work— (see Siglo de lapius (Roman)
(the caduceus)—symbol of
Oro) God of Heaven U r a n u s
the medical profession
Golden Age of Greece 5 t h (Greek); Coleus (Roman)
God of Sleep Hypnos (Greek);
Somnus (Roman)
and 4th centuries before the
God of Heaven, Lightning,
God of Soil Fertilization Sat-
Christian era when Aristotle,
Rain, Storm, and Thunder
Euripides, Plato, and Sopho- Indra (Hindus)
urn or Stercutus (Roman)
God of Springs Forts (Roman)
cles lived
God of Inanimate Dreams
Golden Age of Opera l a t e Phantastus (Greek)
godsquad paramedic ambu-
lance and crew; evangelists
1800s and early 1900s
Eponyms, Nicknames
Golden Age of Rome t h e
Gorgeous George G e o rg e reign of Augustus from 27
fields where Burma, Laos,
and Thailand meet near
Sisler (baseball player)
Gorki Soviet name for Nizhni Golden Age of Television t h e
B.C.E. to 14 A.D.
southern Yunnan, China
Novgorod 1950s, when live studio
Golden Triangle of Texan
Gorki ( R u s s i a n — B i t t e r drama reigned
Ports Beaumont, Orange,
One)—pen name of Aleksei golden beryl heliodor
Port Arthur
Maxsimovich Peskov Golden Century Nineteenth
Golden Trombone of Aboli-
Gothab old name for Nuuk, Century
tion Frederick A Douglass
Greenland Golden City Johannesburg
Golden-voiced Tenors Enrico
Caruso and Luciano Pavarotti
Gotham New York City
Golden City of a Hundred
Gothamite(s) native(s) of New Spires Praque
Goldhunter(s) Californian(s)
York City; nickname derived Golden Continent Africa
Goldilocks economy an econ-
omy that is not too hot, not
from The Three Wise Men of
Golden Crescent opium-pro- Gotham by Washington Irv-
too cold, just right
duction area along borders of ing Afghanistan, Iran, and Paki-
Gold Rush Town N o m e ,
Alaska
Governor Moonbeam former
stan California Governor Edmund
Gold-standard President
William McKinley
Golden Door Ellis Island
G “Jerry” Brown’s nickname
Golden Gate entrance to San Grace Greenwood Sara Jane
Goldy Oliver Goldsmith’s
Francisco Bay Clarke Lippincott’s pseud-
nickname bestowed him by
onym Golden Gate City San Fran-
Dr Samuel Johnson
Gracie Fields Grace Stansfield cisco
Golftown Pinehurst, North
Carolina
Graduate of Oxford J o h n
Golden Gate to South Amer-
Ruskin’s pseudonym ica Cartagena, Colombia
Gonzalez Protocol diet, sup-
Graffiti Capital N ew Yo r k Golden Greek George Kaftan
plements and procedures that
City (basketball player)
eliminate toxins and are used
Graffitic City New York City Golden Horn Istanbul’s harbor
to treat cancer and other dis-
Graham cracker n a m e d f o r formed by the curved arm of
eases (named for Dr Nicholas
Sylvester Graham, a Presby- the Bosporus
Gonzalez)
terian minister ton-Toronto-Oshawa indus-
Goober-grabbers Georgians
Golden Horseshoe H a m i l -
Goober(s) peanut grower(s),
natives of Alabama, Georgia,
Grain Coast Sierra Leone and Liberia
trial complex along Lake On-
Granary of Canada S a s k a - tario
and North Carolina
tchewan Golden Hyphen Wi n s t o n -
Goober State Georgia
Granary of Portugal p r ov - Salem, North Carolina
good cholesterol high-density
ince of Alemtejo Golden Isles Jekyll, Saint Si- mons, and Sea Island off
lipoprotein Good Gray Poet Walt Whit-
Granary of Russia Ukraine Brunswick, Georgia
man
Good Law Buddhism
Granary of Spain lower val- ley of the Guadalquivir
Golden Key to the Fjords
Good Luck City Vancouver,
Granary of Sweden Skåne Stavanger, Norway
Gran Chaco lowlands of Bo- Golden Mile L o n d o n , N ew
British Columbia Good Queen Bess Q u e e n
livia, Paraguay, and Argentina York, Tokyo
Elizabeth I of England (1558–
Gran Colombia ( S p a n i s h - Golden Peninsula Malay Pen-
Great Colombia)—post-colo- insula
Good Richard B e n j a m i n
nial consolidation of Colom- Golden Prison of Paris t h e
Franklin
bia, Ecuador, and Venezuela Louvre
Good Samaritan City of the
Mississippi Memphis
Grand Admiral of the Ocean
Golden Province C a n a d a ’s
Sea Christopher Columbus Ontario
Goodwill Ambassador of Mex-
Grand Canyon of the Pacific Golden Rock of the Carib-
ico Henryk Szering (Polish-
Waimea Canyon, Kauai, Ha- bean Sint Eustatius (Statia),
born violinist)
waii Netherlands Antilles
Goose Rich Gossage
Grand Canyon State Arizona Golden State California
Gopher(s) Minnesotan(s)
Gopher State Minnesota
Grand Cham of Literature
Golden Triangle p o i n t o f
Dr Samuel Johnson downtown Pittsburgh where
Gorby Mikhail S Gorbachev
Grand Commanders C a y - the Alleghney and Mononga-
Gordon Homes p s e u d o ny m
man Islanders hela form the Ohio River; in-
shared by Louis Tracy and
MP Shiel
Grand Dame of the Piano
dustrialized northern Europe
Alicia de Larrocha where the three points are
Gordon Pasha Charles George
Gordon
Grand Dame of Sex Educa-
Birmingham, Paris, and the
tion Dr Mary Steichen Cal- Ruhr; opium-productive
The Gorgeous Miliza Korjus
(Mrs Walter Schector)
derone
Eponyms, Nicknames
Grand Divide Continental Di-
Great Debunker H ( e n r y ) vide
Granite boy(s) N ew H a m p -
L(ouis) Mencken—editor of Grand Duke Duke of Welling-
shirite(s)
The American Mercury ton
Granite Center B a r r e , Ve r-
mont
Great Destroyer syphilis
Grandfathers of the Welfare
Great Disappointment O c t o - State Winston Churchill,
Granite City Aberdeen, Scot-
ber 22, 1844, when thousands Lloyd George
land
of Christians expected the Grand Hotel n i c k n a m e o f
Granite Island Corsica
second coming of Jesus French Polynesia’s prison in
Granite State New Hampshire
Christ Tahiti
Gran Libertador (Spanish—
Great Dissenter S u p r e m e Grand Inquisitor To m á s d e
Great Liberator)—Simón
Court Justice Oliver Wendell Torquemada appointed first
Bolívar)
Holmes, Jr Inquisitor General by Ferdi-
Grape State California
Great Divide continental di- nand and Isabella, made
grape sugar g l u c o s e
vide formed by Rocky Moun- Grand Inquisitor by Pope In-
(C 6 H 12 O 6 )
tains; water on western slopes nocent VIII
grass marijuana
flow to the Pacific, on eastern Grandma Moses Anne Mary
Grasshoppers Kansans
slopes flow to Gulf of Mexico Moses
Grasshopper State Kansas
Gravenstein Apple Center of
Great Duke Duke of Welling-
Grand Master of Humorous
ton Verse Ogden Nash
the World Sebastopol, Cali-
fornia
Grand Master of the String
Great Emancipator Abraham
Quartet F r a n z J o s e p h Lincoln
Graveyard of the Pacific
Point Arguello northwest of
Haydn
Santa Barbara, California
The Great Engineer Herbert
Grandmother of Boston
Hoover preacher-reformer-teacher
Greater Antilles Cuba, His- Elizabeth Palmer Peabody
Graveyards of the Atlantic
Cape Hatteras, North Caro-
lina and Sable Island off Nova
paniola (Dominican Republic
Grandmother of the Russian
and Haiti), Jamaica, Puerto Revolution K a t h e r i n e
Rico Breshkovska
Scotia
Gray Flamingo Tom Brennan
(baseball player)
Greater Sunda Islands Borneo,
Grandmother of Shopping
Celebes, Java, Sumatra, and Streets Calle Florída in Bue-
Gray Lady T h e N ew Yo r k
Indonesian islands nos Aires
Times
Greatest American Jurist Grandmother of the Women’s
gray wave retirees
John Marshall—Chief Justice Movement Margaret Mead
Great American Pastimes
baseball, basketball, and foot-
of the Supreme Court from
Grand Old Lady of Fifty-sev-
1801 to 1835 enth Street Carnegie Hall
ball
Greatest Artist of the South Grand Old Lady of Opera
Great Apes chimpanzees, go-
Seas Paul Gauguin Ernestine Schumann-Heink
rillas, orangutans
Greatest Composer Haydn’s Grand Old Man Wi l l i a m
Great Assassin Abdul-Hamid
name for Mozart Ewart Gladstone—four times
II (notorious for his participa-
tion in the Armenian atroci-
Greatest Heavyweight Boxer
Prime Minister of Great Brit-
Jack Johnson ain
ties)
Great Basin Nevada national
Greatest Show on Earth B a r-
Grand Old Man of American
num and Bailey–Ringling Labor Samuel Gompers
park
Great Britain England, Scot-
Brothers Circus
Grand Old Man of Africa
Greatest Snow on Earth Idaho Felix Houphouet-Boigny,
land, and Wales—GB
who was president of the Great Fatherland War Soviet
Great Canal wa t e r wa y b e -
Ivory Coast for 33 years name for World War II
tween Australia and the Great
Barrier Reef
dong Grand Old Party Republican
Grand Old Man of Canadian
Great Helmsman M a o Z e - Letters Robertson Davies
Great Central State N o r t h
Great Indian G r e a t I n d i a n Party of the United States—
Dakota
Desert of India and Pakistan, the GOP
Great Cham of Literature
Dr Samuel Johnson
Great Charter Magna Charta
also called the Thar
Grandsire of American Paint-
Great Commoner H e n r y
Great Jailer of the Caribbean
Fidel Castro Grand Trunk India’s Grand
ing Benjamin West
Clay, William Ewart Glad-
Great Lakes Ontario, Erie, Trunk Road from the mouth
stone, William Pitt (the Elder
Huron, Michigan, Superior of the Ganges to Pakistan
Pitt also known as the Earl of
Great Lakes Canada Ontario Grand Zohra General Charles
Chatham), and Thomas Paine
The Great Commoner Wi l l -
(on the northern shores of Su-
perior, Huron, Erie, and On- Granger States Illinois, Iowa,
de Gaulle
iam Jennings Bryan
tario) Minnesota, and Wisconsin
Great Compromiser H e n r y
Clay
Great Lakes Province Ontario
Eponyms, Nicknames
Great Lake States New York,
Green Isle Ireland Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michi-
Great Victoria Great Victoria
Green Mountain boy(s) Ve r- gan, Indiana, Illinois, Wis-
Desert of Western Australia
monter(s) consin, Minnesota
Great Wet Ditch British nick-
Green Mountain City M o n t - Great Lake State Michigan
name for the English Channel
pelier, Vermont Great Land The Great Land—
Great White Father (Ameri-
Green Mountain State Ve r- Alaska
can Indian term—the Presi-
mont Great Liberator Simón Bolívar
dent of the United States)
green vitriol copperous, fer- The Great Lover R u d o l p h
Great White Fleet white-hulled
rous sulfate (FeSO 4 ⋅ 7H 2 O) Valentino
flotilla of the United States
Greenwood Brooklyn’s his- Great Magrid (preacher) D ov
Navy displayed in principal
toric cemetery and eponym Baer of Mezritch
ports of the world during cir-
standing for similar burial Great Migration m i g r a t i o n
cumnavigation ordered by
places since 1916 of American
President Theodore
Gregorian chants Liturgical blacks out of the South
Roosevelt; white-painted
music of the Roman Catholic Great Moralist D r S a m u e l
ships of the United Fruit Company— also called La
Church, used to accompany Johnson
text of the Mass, named for The Great One Jackie Gleason
Gran Flota Blanca
Pope Gregory (590–604) Great Outsider B Traven (ex-
Great White Strip main street
Grenada’s Port St George patriate American author)
of Las Vegas, Nevada
Greta Garbo Greta Gustafson Great Pacificator Henry Clay
Great White Way New York
Gresham’s law B a d m o n ey Great Patriotic Struggle offi-
City’s theatrical section of
Broadway
drives out good Grey Eagle Tr i s S p e a ke r
cial Soviet name for Russia’s
Great White Wizard D r A l -
(baseball player) Great Pearl Hui-hai Ta-chu,
participation in World War II
bert Schweitzer Greece’s Principal Port Piraeus
Greyhound M-8 6-wheeled ar- eighth-century Chinese Zen
mored car carrying a 37mm Great Plains plains and prai-
Greek Century 5th century
master
before the Christian era—the
400s BCE
gun and made in the U.S.A.
Greyhounds of the Pacific
ries of Canada and the United
Greek Isles Cyclades, Dode-
States east of the Rockies
canese, Ionian, Sporades
racing yachts
Great Poet of Democracy
Grey Owl George S Belaney Walt Whitman
Greek love pederasty
Greytown San Juan del Norte Great River Road 3,700-mile-
Greek Muses (see muses)
Gröfaz Grösster Feldherr aller long Mississippi-Missouri-
Greek Ports Argostolion, Pat-
Zeiten (German—greatest Red Rock river system
rai, Kalámai, Póros, Piraieus,
general of all time)—Hitler’s Great Sage Ramana Maharshi
Vólos, Thessaloniki, Mililini,
acronymic nickname Great Sandy G r e a t S a n d y
Iraklion, Ródhos
Groperland Western Australia Desert of northwestern Aus-
Greek Row fraternity and so-
Grotius Hugo de Groot tralia
rority houses
Groucho Marx Julius Henry Great Sea Biblical name for
Greeks Greek-letter fraterni-
Marx the Mediterranean
ties or sororities
Groundhog State Mississippi Great Separationist Paul Blan-
green bullets t u n g s t e n ( n o t
Group of Eight United States, shard
lead) bullets
Japan, Great Britain, Ger- Great Smoke London before
Green Corn Moon full moon
many, France, Italy, Canada air-pollution control was en-
in August
and Russia forced
Greene and Greene architec-
Group of Five Britain, France, Great Society administration
tural style typifying the
Japan, the US, and Germany of Lyndon Baines Johnson—
American Arts and Crafts
(concerned with stabilization thirty-sixth President of the
Movement (named for broth-
of the dollar and mutually United States
ers Charles and Henry
profitable trade agreements) Great Stink Thames River be-
Greene)
Group of Seven Britain, Can- fore cleanup
Green Flash r a r e v i ew o f
ada, France, Italy, Japan, the Great Stone Face D a n i e l
green light from the rising or
US, Germany Webster; Old Man of the
setting sun in clear atmo-
grub ghost writers; grub writ- Mountain also known as Pro-
sphere, lasting up to 3 sec-
ers of biographies, dictionar- file Mountain in New Hamp-
onds
ies, histories; grubstreet shire’s White Mountains
Green Goddess Gro Harlem
G-town Georgetown; German- Great Street State Street that
Brundtland (Norway’s first
town Great Street in Chicago
female and youngest prime
Guadalupe Victoria Manuel Great Thirst Land South Af-
minister)
Felíx Fernández rica
Green Hell Paraguayan Chaco
Green Irish Roman Catholics
Guamanian Port Apra
Eponyms, Nicknames
Guanaco Central American
Hamlet’s Town H e l s i n g ø r, nickname for a farmer or
Gyppy (British slang— Egyp-
Denmark (called Elsinore by other rustic and Andean name
tian)
the English) for a member of the camel
Gypsum City Fort Dodge, Iowa
Hammerfestinger n a t ive o f family resembling a llama
Gypsy Rose Lee Louise Hov-
Hammerfest, Norway Guanahani (Lucayan—San
ick
Hammering Hank H e n r y Salvador or Watling Island)—
Haakon the Good King Haa-
first land discovered by Co- Aaron
kon I of Norway
Hammerman John Henry Guangzhou (Pinyin Chinese—
Haakon the Old King Haakon
lumbus in the New World
Hammer of Scotland Edward southern city) Canton
IV of Norway
Haarlem Netherlands city and
province
Guardian Angel of Israel
Hammond Innes pseudonym Michael
Hab(bie) Albert; Alberta; Hal-
of Ralph Hammond-Innes Guardian of the Gulf Oman
bert
Hampton Roads Ports N ew - Guarnerius Giuseppi Antonio
Habeas Corpus Howe Wi l l -
port News, Norfolk, Ports- Guarneri
iam Frederick Howe, also
mouth Guatemalan Ports L iv i n g -
nicknamed Criminal Bar
Handcuff King Harry Houdini ston, Puerto Barrios, Santo
Howe
Hand of Fatima five-fingered Tomas de Castillo; San José,
Habitants (French—Inhabit-
heraldic symbol topping the Iztapa, Champerico
ants)—Canadian farmers and
emblem of Algeria Guideline Soviet SA-2 missile
fishermen of French descent
Handy William Christopher system
Hacha Falaya ( C h o c t aw —
The Guild T h e N ew s p a p e r Handy (black American com-
Long River)—Atchafalaya
poser of the St Louis Blues) Guinea-Bissau Ports Casheu,
River
Hanging Judge J u d g e R oy Bissau, Bolama
Guild
hacktwists computer hackers
Bean of Langtry, Texas— Guinea Pig State Arkansas
with political or social agen-
das
Law West of the Pecos Guinea Port Conakry
Hafun formerly Dante when
Hangman’s Day Friday Guitar Town Nashville, Ten-
Somalia was Italian Somali-
Hangtown El Dorado, Califor- nessee
land
nia Gulag Archipelago Solzhen-
Hageman factor causes blood
Hank Henry itsyn’s title for the thousands
to clot when it comes into
Han Kook Republic of Korea of prisons in the USSR
contact with a foreign surface
Hanna-Barbera c a r t o o n i s t s gulag gas natural gas pipeline
(named for patient John
Bill Hanna and Joe Barbera built by Soviet forced labor
Hageman)
Hanot’s disease cirrhosis of and extending from Siberia to
Haggisland Scotland
the liver accompanied by Gulf City Mobile, Alabama
Haiti’s Principal Port P o r t -
Germany
au-Prince
Hal Croves pseudonym of B
jaundice
Gulf of Mexico’s Principal
Hansa Ports Hanseatic League Port New Orleans
ports—Bremen and Hamburg Gull’s disease myxedema re-
Traven whose full name is re-
on the North Sea, Danzig and sulting from atrophy of the
puted to be Berick Traven
Torsvan
Lübeck on the Baltic, Visby thyroid gland
halfbacks retirees who had
on Gotland Island in the Bal- Gumbo Coast coastal parishes
moved to Florida and later
tic of Louisiana
move partway back North
Hansen’s disease leprosy Gunboat Smith E d wa r d
Hallé Hallé Orchestra
Hans Fallada pseudonym of Smyth (boxer)
Halévy Jacques Fromental Elie
Rudolf Ditzen Gunflint(s) Rhode Islander(s)
Lévy
Hap Arnold General Henry Gussie Augusta; Augustina;
Halfway House on the Pacific
Harley Arnold, USA and Augustine
Highway Hawaii, so named
USAF Guyana’s Ports Bartica, Geor-
by Mark Twain
Happy Chandler High Com- getown, McKenzie, New Am-
Hal Meredith Harry Blyth’s
missioner of Baseball Albert sterdam
pseudonym
Guy d’Hardelot M r s W I Benjamin Chandler
Halstern’s disease e n d e m i c
syphilis hamburg h a m bu rg b r a n d y
Happy Home of the Bulldozer
Rhodes (Helen Guy) Guys Marsh borstal in Dorset,
Los Angeles England
Happy Jack J a c k C h e s b r o Gyp Gypsy; Gyp the Blood;
(beet or potato alcohol fla-
vo r e d t o i m i t a t e g r a p e
(baseball) Marie Antoinette de Riquetti
brandy); hamburger; hamburg
steak
Happy Land Burma (now My-
anmar) Martel de Janville’s pseud-
de Mirabeau, Countess de
Hamburg Bach Carl Philipp
Happy Valley T h e Va l e o f onym
Emanuel Bach also called the
Berlin Bach
Kashmir in the Himalayas
Eponyms, Nicknames
Happy Warrior Franklin D
Head of the Sufis Abu’l-Fayd Roosevelt’s nickname for
Hartford of the West Lincoln,
Thawban ibn Ibrahim Dhu’l- New York State’s Governor
Nebraska
Nun al-Misri Alfred E Smith; Hubert Hor-
Hartford Wits Joel Barlow,
Health City B a t t l e C r e e k , atio Humphrey
Timothy Dwight, Jonathan
Michigan Hapsburg Empire A u s t r o -
Trumbull
Hearst’s Castle (see La Casa Hungarian Empire
Harvard’s Heroic Historian
Grande ) Harbin R u s s i a n n a m e f o r
John Lothrop Motley
Heart of America K a n s a s Pinkiang, Manchuria
Harvest of Death cold wind in
City Harbor City Erie, Pennsylva-
higher regions of Bolivia that
heart attack on a plate f e t - nia
causes lung diseases
tucine Harbor of the Sun San Diego,
Harvest Moon full moon in
Heart of California S a c r a - California
September
mento Hard-Case State Oregon
hash hashish
Hashish Hasan-ibn-al-Sabbah
Heart of Canada Ontario
Hard Heart of Hickland
Heart of Central Alaska Fair- Cleveland, Ohio, according to
(11th-century Persian
banks authors Jack Lait and Lee
founder of the Assassins)
Heart of Darkness Zaire (for- Mortimer
Hattie Harriet
merly called the Congo) Hard Rock nickname of the
haunts ghosts
Heart of Dixie Alabama American Broadcasting
Haunt of Yachtsmen B r i t i s h
Heart of England Wa r w i c k - Company (ABC)
Virgin Islands Havana II Miami, Florida
shire Hardware City New Britain,
Haven for Arthritics
Heart of Historic Virginia
Charlottesville Hardy-Weinberg law p r e -
Connecticut
Jacumba, California
Heart-of-it-All State Ohio dicts distribution of geno-
Havercake(s) native(s) of Lan-
Heart of Kentucky Frankfort Harke Soviet Mi-10 heavy-
types within a population
cashire
Heartland of America t h e transport helicopter
Hawaiian Island Ports H i l o ,
Midwest Harlem New York City neigh-
Hawaii; Kahului, Maui; Ho-
Heartland of Catholicism I t - borhood in northeast sector
nolulu, Oahu; Port Allen,
aly, the Vatican Harmonica Slim Travis Blay-
Kauai; Nawiliwili Bay, Kauai
Heartland City Kansas City lock
Hawaiian Pineapple K i n g
James Drummond Dole
Heartland of Monarchy
Harmony former place-name
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg of Ambridge, Pennsylvania
Hawaiians Hawaiian Island-
Heart of Midlothian To l - Harold Bluetooth K i n g
ers; Hawaiian Islands
booth Prison in Edinburgh Harold of Denmark
Hawk Ralph Branca (baseball
Heart of Polynesia We s t e r n Harold Harefoot Harold I of
player)
Samoa Denmark and England
Hawkeye airborne early-warn-
Heart of Portugal M o n d eg o Harp/Hormone Soviet Ka-20
ing and fighter-control air-
Valley or Ka-25k helicopter for mil-
craft—the E-2
Hawkeye(s) lowan(s)
Heart of the Roman Empire
itary or commercial use (Harp
Italy is military and Hormone is
Hawkeye State Iowa
Heart of the South A t l a n t a , commercial version)
Hay Capital of the World
Georgia Harpo Marx Adolph Arthur
Meckling, South Dakota
Heart of South America B o - Marx
Hay diet a diet of 20 percent
livia Harpoon harpoon-type aircraft
acid-forming foods and 80
Heart of Sweden D a l a r n a command and launch sub-
percent alkaline-forming
Province formerly called Da- system missle; Lockheed
foods, developed by William
lecarlia maritime reconnaissance
Howard Hay
Heavenly Twins Hugy Duffy bomber
Hay Moon full moon in July
and Tommy McCarthy (base- Harrier H aw ke r- S i d d e l ey
Head of the Adriatic Trieste
ball) fixed-wing fighter aircraft;
Head of the Commonwealth
heavy metal driving and loud McDonnell-Douglas AV-8B
Her (His) Most Excellent
music produced electroni- jump-jet bomber
Majesty the Queen (King) of
cally Harrisburg Houdini B o b
the United Kingdom of Great
Hebb’s learning rule a mem- Davies (basketball player)
Britain and Northern Ireland
ory is produced when two Harry Golden Herschel Gold-
and of Her (His) other Realms
connected neurons are active hirsch
and Territories Queen (King)
simultaneously and the syn- Harry Houdini Ehrich Weiss
Headless Man the nude mys-
apse is strengthened (named Harry Morgan Harry Brats-
tery man photographed with
for Donald O Hebb) burg
the Duchess of Argyll who
Hedda Hopper Elda Furry Harry Reems Herbert Streicher
became focal point of a lurid
divorce lawsuit
Hedy Lamarr Hedwig Kiesler
Eponyms, Nicknames
Heel of Italy Salentine Penin-
Heroic City Cartagena, Co- sula
Henry the Navigator D o m
lombia (Ciudad Heroica) Heide Adelaide
H e n r i q u e o N aveg a d o r
Hero of Lake Erie C o m m o - Heine-Medin disease muscu-
(Prince of Portugal and patron
dore Oliver Hazard Perry, lar atrophy sometimes fol-
of explorers and voyagers)
USN lowed by permanent defor-
Henry Wade Henry Lancelot
Hero of Manila Bay Commo- mity
Aubrey-Fletcher
dore George Dewey, USN Helena Modjeska H e l e n a
Herald Handley-Page turbo-
Hero of Mobile Bay Admiral Modrejewska
prop transport plane
David Glasgow Farragut Helen Hayes H e l e n H a y e s
herbal Valium kava-kava
Herblock Herbert Lawrence
Hero of Modern Italy
Guiseppe Garibaldi Helen Twelvetrees Helen Jur-
Brown
Block
Heron Hawker-Siddeley 17- Helium Heads blimp support-
Hercules Lockheed KC-130
gens
tanker aircraft
passenger transport plane
Hero of Nacozari Jesús Garcia Hell Breughel Pieter Breughel
Her Deepness Sylvia Earle,
ers
Hero of New England C a p - the Younger who painted hell-
marine biologist who walked
on the ocean floor 1,250 feet
tain Miles Standish ish scenes
deep in 1979
Hero of New Orleans G e n - Hellcat Grumman F6F single-
Herkimer diamond gem-qual-
eral Andrew Jackson seat fighter aircraft; U.S.-
ity quartz from New York
Hero of the Nile Lord Horatio made 76mm gun mounted in
State’s Herkimer County
Hermanus Vanderdonk
Nelson
Hero of the Plain People An- tracked chasis (M- 18)
a fully traversing turret on a
Washington Irving
drew Jackson Hellenic Republic Greece
The Hermitage Andrew Jack-
Hero of San Juan Hill Lt Col Hellfire Cities Hiroshima, Na-
son’s home near Nashville,
Theodore Roosevelt, USV gasaki
Tennessee; palace museum of
art in Leningrad (formerly a
Hero of the Spanish-American
Hell in the Hills P i t t s bu rg h ,
War A d m i r a l G e o rg e Pennsylvania
czarist palace)
Dewey, USN Hellhole of the Pacific Ko -
Hermit of Concord H e n r y
David Thoreau
Hero of State-Church Separa-
tion Benito Juarez Hell of Java Trinil (where Dr
rorareka, New Zealand
Hermit Kingdom Bhutan; Ko-
Hero of Tampico General An- Eugene Dubois discovered
rea
tonio López de Santa Anna Pithecanthropus erectus )
Hermit of Slabsides J o h n
Burroughs
Hero and Traitor B e n e d i c t
Hell of Macquarie Harbour
Arnold Station old penal colony on
Hernandarias Hernando Arias
Hero of Upper Canada S i r the Indian Ocean coast of Tas-
de Saavedra
Isaac Brock mania
Hero of a Hundred Battles
Herring Chokers Newfound- Hell and Maria C h a r l e s G
the Duke of Wellington
Dawes landers
Hero of a Hundred Fights
Hell’s Forty Acres San Car- Herring Pond Atlantic Ocean
Admiral Horatio Nelson
los, Arizona Hesperides Canary and Ma-
Hero of Antiquity Heracles or
Hell’s Gates Macquarie Har- deira Islands
Herakles (Greek); Hercules
bour, Tasmania’s first convict hessian hessian boots (knee-
(Roman)
settlement high and tasseled); hessian fly
Hero of Appomattox General
Hell’s Kitchen N ew Yo r k (insect feeding on grass and
Ulysses Simpson Grant, USA
City’s lower west side includ- wheat stems)
Hero of the Cities A l f r e d
ing San Juan Hill Hidden Empire Ethiopia
E(manuel) Smith—usually
called Al Smith
Hell’s Parlor Zanzibar
Hieronymus Bosch p a l e t t e Hell’s Passage Saint Helen’s
name of Hieronymus van Passage, Oxford
Hero of Civilization T h o m a s
Aeken Hell on Wheels C h ey e n n e ,
Paine
Heroes of Guanajuato Mexi-
High Lonesome southwestern Wyoming
Colorado Hennie Henrietta
can priests Aldama, Allende,
and Hidalgo who led the War
High Plains States Arkansas, Henry Armstrong H e n r y
of Independence against the
Kansas, Missouri, New Mex- Jackson (boxer)
Spanish
ico, Oklahoma, Texas Henry Bolingbroke Henry IV
Hero of Fort Sumter Confed-
Highpockets G e o rg e Ke l l y of England
erate General Pierre Gustave
(baseball player) Henry Cecil Henry Cecil Leon
Toutant Beauregard (known
to his soldiers as Old Alpha-
High Priestess of Transcen-
Henry Green Henry Vincent
dentalism Margaret Fuller Yorke
bet or Old Bore)
High-Tide Province Canada’s Henry the K Henry Kissinger
Hero of the Frontier G e o rg e
Rogers Clark
New Brunswick
Eponyms, Nicknames
Hikari ( J a p a n e s e — S u n -
Holy City n i c k n a m e g ive n beam)—train linking Tokyo
Historic Center of North
Charleston, South Carolina with other coastal cities of
Carolina New Bern
by its inhabitants Honshu
Hoagy Hoagland Howard Car-
Holy City of India Banaras Hilaire Belloc Joseph Hilary
michael
Holy Devil Rasputin Pierre Belloc
Hob(bie) Albert
Holy Horatio Horatio Alger, Jr Hildegarde Neff H i l d eg a r d
Hobson’s choice this or nothing
Holy Land Israel Knef
(after Thomas Hobson, 1544–
1630, whose horses were
Holy Land of Three Religions
Hillbilly Country mountain-
Israel ous parts of the Carolinas,
never known to have left the
Holy Rabble Rouser Ayatul- Georgia, Tennessee, Ken-
stable out of turn)
lah Ruhollah Khomeini tucky, and West Virginia
Ho Chi Minh (Vietnamese—
He Who Enlightens)—
Holy Three of Criminology
Hill City Portland, Maine
Enrico Ferri, Raffaele Garo- Hill of Spring Tel Aviv
Nguyen Ai Quac whose pat-
falo, Cesare Lombroso Hindu Monarchy Nepal
ronym was Nguyen Van
Coong but is also known as
Home of Abraham Lincoln
hinny offspring of a jennet or
Springfield, Illinois female donkey sired by a stal-
Nguyen That Thanh
Home of the Alamo San An- lion or male horse
Ho Chi Minh City f o r m e r l y
tonio, Texas Hi-no-maru (Japanese—Sun
Saigon, Vietnam
Home of Baseball C o o p e r- Flag)—emblem of Japan
hocus morphine’s nickname
Hodara’s disease hair splitting
stown, New York
Hippocrates of Pennsylvania
Hodge nickname for the typical
Home of the Bean and the
Cod Boston, Massachusetts Hirschsprung’s disease c o n - genital colonic dilatation
Benjamin Rush
English farmer or for Roger
Hodgkin’s disease p r o g r e s -
Home of the Blizzard Adelie
Land, Antarctica Hispania (Latin—Iberian Pen-
sive enlargement of the lymph
Home of the Blues Memphis, between Portugal and Spain;
insula)—land now divided
nodes
hog large Harley-Davidson mo-
Tennessee
Home of the Brave U n i t e d poetic name for Spain
torcycle
States of America Hispanic America P o r t u -
Hogarth’s Act Act of Parlia-
Home of the Casbah Algiers countries of Latin America
guese- and Spanish-speaking
ment passed in 1735 granting
copyright protection
Home of the Casey Jones
Jackson, Tennessee Angeles, California; San An-
Hispanic American City L o s
Hog Butcher for the World
Chicago
Home of the Comstock Lode
tonio, Texas; San Diego, Cal-
Virginia City, Nevada ifornia
Hog Country Arkansas
Hog and Hominy State Te n -
Home of Contented Cows
Hispanic Places Andorra, Ar-
Carnation, Washington gentina, Azores, Balearic Is-
nessee
Hog Lane Hoxton
Home of the Cotton Carnival
lands, Bolivia, Brazil, Canary Memphis, Tennessee
Hogopolis Chicago
Islands, Cape Verde Islands,
Home of Diamond Walnuts
Ceuta and Melilla, Chile, Co- Stockton, California
Holland the Netherlands; actu-
lombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Home of the Dinosaurs G l e n
ally an old Dutch province
Dominican Republic, Ecua- Rose, Texas where petrified
comprising part of the Neth-
dor, El Salvador, Equatorial footprints of 30-foot-long di-
erlands; Michigan summer
Guinea, Guam, Guatemala, nosaurs are displayed
resort and manufacturing cen-
ter settled by the Dutch
Honduras, Macao, Madeira,
Mexico, Morocco, Nicara- Roosevelt Hyde Park, New gua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru,
Holland of America L o u i s i -
Home of Franklin Delano
York Philippines, Portugal, Puerto
ana
Holland in the Caribbean
Home of George Washington
Rico, Spain, Spanish Sahara,
Mount Vernon, Virginia Uruguay, Venezuela
Netherlands Antilles (Aruba,
Home of the Giants Jotunhe- Hispanics people of Portu-
Bonaire, Curaçao, Saba, Sint
imen Mountains in Norway guese or Spanish descent or a
Eustatius, Sint Maarten)
Home of Goethe Heidelberg, study of their culture and lan-
Hollie Holiday; Holladay;
Germany guage
Hollingsworth; Hollis; Hol-
Home of Holbein Augsburg, Histologist of the Brain S a n -
lister; Hollway
Germany tiago Ramón y Cajal
Hollywood’s First Dauphin
Douglas Fairbanks Jr
Home of Jesse James S t J o -
Historian of the American
seph, Missouri Forest Francis Parkman
Holstein Capital Northfield,
Minnesota
Home of the Kentucky Derby
Historian of Liberty L o r d
Louisville Acton
Holy Alliance Austria, Prussia,
Homeland of the Bengalis Historian With a Camera
Russia (in 1815)
Bangladesh Mathew B Brady
Holy Cities Mecca and Medina
in Saudi Arabia
Homeland of Yogurt Bulgaria
Eponyms, Nicknames
Home of Old Miss O x f o r d ,
Hosea Biglow pseudonym of Mississippi—the home of
Hoosier Poet James Whitcomb
James Russel Lowell The University of Mississippi
Riley
Hostess to the Nation D o l l y Home Run Frank Baker
Hoosier(s) name believed to be
Madison—wife of President Homer Wilbur pseudonym of
a frontier-era contraction of
James Madison James Russell Lowell
Who’s there?— native(s) of
Hotbed of Secession Charles- Home of the Snow Himalaya
Indiana
ton, South Carolina Mountains
Hoosier State Indiana
hot blood high blood pressure Home of Storms Gulf of Alaska
Hoot Ward Gibson (basketball
player)
hot-dog headache reaction to
Home of Theodore Roosevelt
nitrates, found in hot dogs and Oyster Bay, Long Island,
Hormone Soviet armed heli-
other cured meats and cold New York
copter in naval service
(KA-25)
cuts
Home of Thomas Jefferson
Hotel letter H radio code; H- Monticello, Virginia
Horn of Africa Djibouti, Ethi-
class Soviet missile-launch- Hometown Hamilton, Ohio as
opia, Somalia, Sudan, partic-
ing nuclear-powered subma- defined by author Peter Davis
ularly northeasternmost So-
rines Home of the Waltz Vienna
malia terminating in Cape
Hotlanta Atlanta, Georgia homeys persons from the same
Guardafui which the Arabs
hot-metal men steelworkers hometown or region
call the Ras Asir
hot’ns Southern nickname for Hondo Frank Howard (base-
Hornet F-A-18 McDonnell
biscuits ball)
Douglas fighter-attack air-
Hot Potato Luke Hamlin Honduran Ports P u e r t o
craft
Hot Springs Arkansas national Cortés, Tela, Puerto Este, La
Horse Latitudes belts of calms
park Ceiba, Trujillo, Puerto
about 30 or 35 degrees north
Hot Springs Country s o u t h - Castilla, Roatán, Amapala,
or south of Equator; horses
west Arkansas San Lorenzo
were cast overboard in these
Hotspur Sir Henry Percy Honduras Republic of Hondu-
places when sailing vessels
were becalmed and drinking
Hottest Town in Arizona
ras (Spanish-speaking Cen-
Quartzite tral American nation)
water became scarce
Hottest Town in Texas P r e - República de Honduras
Horseshoe Curve A l t o o n a ,
sidio Honest Abe Abraham Lincoln
Pennsylvania close to the cel-
Hot Water City Hot Springs, Honest Harold Secretary of
ebrated Horseshoe Curve
Arkansas the Interior Harold Le Claire
built by the Pennsylvania
Hot Water State Arkansas Ickes, also called the Old Cur-
Railroad to cross the Allegh-
Houdini Harry Houdini (real mudgeon
enies and traverse the valley
name Ehrich Weiss)—Amer- Honest John solid-sustainer
of the Juniata River
ica’s foremost escapolo- motor surface-to-surface bal-
Horses in Fiction or History
gist-magician listic missile produced by
Altair who served Ben Hur;
Bucephalus, who served Al-
Houdini of the Hardwood
Johnny Townsend (basketball Honey Capital Uvalde, Texas
Douglas Aircraft
exander the Great; Butter-
player) Honeydipper Roosevelt Sykes
milk, who served Dale Evans;
Hound Dog North American- Honey Fitz John F. (Honey
Egypt, who served General
Rockwell air-to-surface mis- Fitz) Fitzgerald
Ulysses S Grant; Fritz, who
sile Honey Lulu Honolulu, Hawaii
served William S Hart; Jenny,
house apes other people’s un- Honey Moon full moon in June
who served Robert Burns;
housebroken children Honeymoon City N i a g a r a
Ko-Ko , who served Rex
The House Christ College, Falls, New York
Allen; Lightning, who served
Oxford Honey State Western Australia
Tim Holt; Marengo, who
household coal b i t u m i n o u s Hongcouver Vancouver, British
served Napoleon; Nelson,
coal; soft coal Columbia, many of whose
who served George Washing-
House Ruth Built New York residents are from Hong
ton, Pegasus-Rosinante, who
City’s Yankee Stadium in the Kong
served Don Quixote; Tony,
who served Tom Mix; Topper,
Bronx where Babe Ruth hit
Honorary Citizen of the
many home runs United States Wi n s t o n
w h o s e r ve d H o p a l o n g
Houston haze smog of the pet- Churchill (first and only for-
Cassidy; Trigger, who served
rochemical variety sometimes eigner to bear this title)
Roy Rogers; Xanthus, who
called Los Angeles haze or Hooker Boulevard El Cajon
served Achilles; Traveller,
metropolitan mist mixed with Boulevard
who served General Robert E
automotive exhausts Hoosier Capital Indianapolis,
Lee; and don’t forget Black
Howard Cosell Howard Co- Indiana
Jack, who marched alone in
hen Hoosier City Indianapolis, In-
presidential funerals
Howie H owa r d ; H owa r t h ; diana
Horse Thief Hollow O a k
Lawn, Michigan
Howe; Howell; Howland
Eponyms, Nicknames
Howlin’ Wolf Chester Burnett
ice-cream fruit Peruvian cher- Hsinhua New China News
Human Hairpin Adrian (Ad-
imoya Agency
die) Joss (baseball player)
ice-cream headache ve s s e l s Huáscar’s revenge loose bow-
Humanist Historian H a r r y
spasm from intense cold of els contracted in Peru where
Elmer Barnes
ice cream, interrupting blood the emperor, Huáscar, was be-
Humanitarian Scientist Louis
flow trayed by his brother, Atahua-
Pasteur
Ice King of the Arctic the po- lpa, and executed by the
Human Projectile Billy Gabor
lar bear Spaniards
(basketball player)
Icelandic Ports R ey k j av i k , Hub The Hub—Boston, Mas-
Humist Philosopher D av i d
Seydhisfjordhur, Heimaey, sachusetts also called Hub of
Hume
Eyrarbakki American Culture, Hub of
Hummer H i g h - M o b i l i t y
Iceland spar calcite (calcium New England, and Hub of the
Multi-Purpose Wheeled Vehi-
carbonate) Universe
cle successor to the Jeep
Ice Mine City Coudersport, hubby husband
Humorist-Pianists S t eve
Pennsylvania Hub of the Caribbean J a -
Allen, Victor Borge, and
ice-T iced tea maica
Mark Russell
Humorists of Europe t h e
Iconoclast English freethought
Hub of the Castilian Wheel
author-lecturer-publisher Madrid (capital of Spain,
Danes
Charles Bradlaugh; Georg equidistant from all her
humpday We d n e s d a y ( t h e
(Morris Cohen) Brandes boundaries)
middle-of-the-week day)
Iconoclast Poet Percy Bysshe Hub of Christianity J e r u s a -
hungarian hungarian goulash
Shelley lem
(stew); hungarian paprika
Iconoclasts dramatist-authors Hub City of Texas Alice
(red paprika—permeability
Becque, d’Annunzio, Duse, Hub of Empire London Hubey Hubert
vitamin or vitamin P)
Gorki, Hauptmann, Herpieu, Hub of the Golden Mile Kal-
Hungarian Ocean Lake Bala-
ton—largest lake in central
Huneker, Ibsen, Maeterlinck,
Shaw, Strindberg, Sudermann goorlie in Western Australia
Europe
Idaho Lion Senator William E where gold and nickel are
Hunger Moon full moon in
Borah found Hub of Hinduism Benares
February
Hunkyland Hungary
idiot fish Pacific red snapper idiot pills barbiturates
Hubie Hubert
IF Stone Isidor Feinstein Hub of Islam Mecca Hub of Islamic Culture Cairo
Hunter Hawker jet fighter-
bomber
Hunter’s Moon full moon in
Ignatius Loyola Iñigo López
de Recalde Hub of Judaism Jerusalem
Ignatz I g n a t i u s D o n n e l l y Hub of New England Boston Hub of New York City C o -
October Huntington’s chorea h e r e d i -
tary disease marked by chor-
(American politician)
Ignatz von Aschendorf
pseudonym used by Joseph Hub of the Pacific Guam
lumbus Circle
eic movements and mental
Conrad and Ford Madox Ford Hub of the South Pacific Fiji
deterioration
when they wrote The Nature Hub of the Universe n i c k -
Huskie Kaman H-43 utility he-
of a Crime name given by Oliver Wen-
licopter
Ignazio Silone pseudonym of Secondo Tranquilli in Boston and later by others
Husky Territory the Yukon
dell Holmes to the statehouse
Hustleton on the Canal
Igor Igor Stravinsky to the entire city
Houston, Texas
Ike Dwight David Eisenhower Hudson Tubes H u d s o n &
hypno cops Los Angeles Police
(nickname)—thirty-fourth Manhattan Railroad
Department’s hypnosis squad
President of the United Huey Cobra AH-l gunship air-
Hyrcanian Caspian
States; Isaac craft
I-boats Japanese transport sub-
Ikey (see Ikie) Hughie Hugh
marines used in World War II
Ikie Isaac; Isaak; Isack; Izaak; Hugo Hugo Lafayette Black
to carry small scouting air-
Isaque (American Supreme Court
planes
Il Cieco (Italian—The Blind justice)
ice crystal methamphetamine
One)—Italy’s blind poet Hugo Wast Gustavo Martinez
(smokable form of speed)
Luigi Groto who wrote in the Zuviria
ice bear polar bear
mid-sixteenth century Hugues Capet Hugh Capet
Iceberg Alley North Atlantic
Il Duca di Spoleto (Italian— Human Eraser Marvin Web-
Ocean between Greenland
The Duke of Spoleto)—com- ster (basketball player)
and Labrador
poser-impresario Gian Carlo Human Eyeball B r i s L o r d
Iceblink white glare on a hori-
Menotti’s nickname as he di- (baseball player)
zon from the reflected light of
rects the Spoleto Festival Human Flea Frank Bonner
distant ice
Il Duce (Italian—dictator)— (baseball player)
Ice Capital of America H a -
waii
Benito Mussolini
Eponyms, Nicknames
Il Furioso (Italian—the Furi-
Tuticorin, Negapatam, Ma- ous One)—nickname of Tin-
Imperialist Poet Rudyard Kip-
dras, Kakinada, Vishakhapt- toretto
ling
nam, Paradip, Calcutta Ilich Russian patronymic often
Imperialist Poet-Writer Rud-
Indian President B e n i t o used as the popular name for
yard Kipling
Juárez of Mexico Lenin—the party name of
Imperial President F r a n k l i n
Indian Princess Pocahontas Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov
D Roosevelt
Indian’s Friend Roger Will- Illinois Parrot Carolina para-
imprisoned authors fa m o u s
iams keet (extinct)
authors who spent time in
Indian Summer calm, mild Illinois Ports Chicago, Wil-
prison include Bunyan (Pil-
weather sometimes occurring mette, Great Lakes,
grims’s Progress), Cervantes
in autumn in the United States Waukegan
(Don Quixote), Dostoevski
and Great Britain; so called Illinois River City Peoria
(Crime and Punishment), Ra-
because areas where it was Illusion Factory Hollywood
leigh (History of the World);
O Henry (Cabbages and
first observed were then occu-
Illustrator of Early Twentieth-
pied by Native Americans Century America Norman
Kings ), Wilde (Ballad of
Indian Territory old name of Rockwell
Reading Gaol and De Profun-
dis )
Oklahoma
Illustrator of the Russian
India’s Principal Ports C a l - Underground Ilya Efimov-
Improper Bostonian D r O l -
cutta on the Bay of Bengal, ich Repin
iver Wendell Holmes
Bombay on the Arabian Sea Illustrious Infidel C o l o n e l
Inca Capital Cuzco, Peru
Indochinese Pen Indochinese Robert G Ingersoll
Incan and Aztecan Century
Peninsula including Burma, Il Moro ( I t a l i a n — T h e
Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Moor)—Ludovico Sforza’s nickname
the 1000s—the 11th century
Inca’s curse diarrhea picked
up in the Land of the Incas—
and Vietnam
Indonesian Ports Tandjungp- Ilona Massey Ilona Hajmassy
riok (Djakarta), Surabaya, Il Perugino (Italian—The Pe- rugian)—Pietro Santi Bartoli
Bolivia and Peru as well as
Ecuador and Chile
Inchcape Rock (see Bell Rock)
Makassar
Indonesia’s Largest Port
Image Maker Thomas Nast
Inchon formerly Chemulpo or
Imamu Amiri Baraka Le Roi
Jinsen
Djakarta (Jakarta)—also called Tandjungpriok
Jones
Incomparable Infidel Voltaire
Industrial Capital of Connect-
Immortal Beloved N a d e j d a
icut Bridgeport von Meck (benefactress of
Incorruptible The Incorrupt-
Inflexible President A n d r ew Tchaikovsky)
ible—sobriquet given Robes-
Johnson Immortal Dreamer John Bun-
pierre by his followers
Indefatigable Polemicist A l -
Information Superhighway
nationwide communications Immortal Four Italian poets
yan
exander Solzhenitsyn
network linking homes, of- Dante Alighieri, Ludovico
india india chintz or india cot-
fices and institutions Ariosto, Francesco Petrarca
ton (heavy figured fabric used
Inland Empire Illinois (Petrarch), Bernardo Tasso
by upholsterers); india ink
Inland Sea Pacific Ocean inlet Immortal Infidel Col Robert
(glue + lampblack) also
called chinese ink
islands, Japan Immortals the forty members
G Ingersoll
Indiana Dunes national lake-
between Honshu and Kyusho
Inner City Peking’s Forbidden of the French Academy
shore of Indiana
or Tartar City containing the Immortal Sarah Sarah Bern-
Indiana Ports Michigan City,
Palace Museum hardt (originally Rosine Ber-
Gary, Buffington, Indiana
Inner Libya the Sudan Desert nard)
Harbor
extending from southern Immortal Tinker John Bun-
Indian Film Pioneer Satyajit
Egypt and the Sudan to Af- yan
Ray
rica’s west coast Immortal Trio John Caldwell
Indian Girl Guide Sacajawea
Inner Mongolia n o r t h e r n Calhoun, Henry Clay, Daniel
who guided Lewis and Clark
China bordering on Mongolia Webster
Indian Ocean Eden Seychelles
Innovators Russian composers Impala South African version
Islands
Balakirev, Borodin, Cui, of Aermacchi MB-326 coun-
Indian OPEC CERT (Council
Mussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsa- terinsurgency aircraft
of Energy, Resource Tribes)
kov Imperial City Rome
holding coal, geothermal, and
oil-productive lands in many
Inside Passage inland passage
Imperial Impersonation of
between southern Alaska and Force and Murder N a p o -
parts of the United States
northern Washington; also leon
Indian Ports Mamdvi, Kandla,
called Inner Passage Imperialist Composer Sir Ed-
Okha, Porbandar, Bhaunagar,
Inspired Innovator Edgar Al- ward Elgar
Bombay, Mangalor, Cochin,
Alleppy, Quilon, Kolachel,
lan Poe
Eponyms, Nicknames
Instant Asia Singapore with its
McKinley, Polk, Truman, and Chinese, Indian, Malay, Paki-
The Invincible S p a n i s h A r-
Wilson from Northern Island stani, and Singhalese mix-
mada defeated by English
or Ulster tures and tongues making this
vessels commanded by Sir
Francis Drake
Irish Dramatist-Poet William
Butler Yeats Instant Orient S i n g a p o r e —
a global crossroads
invisible disease dyslexia
Irish Free State Republic of crossroads of Asia
Iodine State South Carolina
Ireland insultant(s) nickname for over-
Iola Ida B Wells
Irish Navigator Saint Brendan paid consultant(s)
Iolo Morgannwg bardic name
(formerly spelled Brandon) Insurance Capital Hartford,
of Edward Williams
Irish Ports Bangor, Belfast, Connecticut and Omaha, Ne-
Ipiranga Ypiranga
Larne Lough, Londonderry, braska
Iran-Contra 1980s political
Sligo, Westport, Galway, Kil- Insurance City n i c k n a m e
scandal involving the sale of
rush, Limerick, Foynes, shared by Atlanta, Georgia
weapons of Iran to fund Nic-
Cobh, Cork Harbour, Ross- and Hartford, Connecticut
araguan insurrection
Iranian Ports Khorramshahr,
lare, Dublin
Intellectual Emperor of
Irish turkey corned beef Europe Voltaire
Abadan, Bandar-e-Mahshahr,
Irish whist copulation Intellectual Historian Sir Isa-
Bandar-e-Shapur, Kharg Is-
Irish wine whiskey iah Berlin
land Terminal, Bandar Abbas
Iran’s Principal Port Abadan
Iron Age era of mankind when
Intellectual Seed Pod of the
implements and weapons Nation Emerson’s nickname
Iraq Ports Al Faw and Al Bas-
for Concord, Massachusetts
rah
were forged from iron; period of vast degeneracy, corrup-
where he lived with such
Iraq’s Principal Port Basra Ireland the Great Newfound-
tion, and toil following the neighbors as the Alcotts,
Stone and Bronze ages Hawthorne, and Thoreau
Iron Alley corridor littered with meteorites from Port- plains
land’s name given it by Irish
Interior Plains Canada’s great
explorers who found it in Vi-
land, Oregon to Mexico City York City—headquarters of
king times
International Capital N ew
Ireland’s Principal Port D u b -
lin
in a lane about 250 miles or 400 kilometers wide
the United Nations
Iris Tennessee state flower and
International City Montreal,
sobriquet
Iron Butterfly I m e l d a R o -
mauldos Marcos Quebéc
Irish Irish boat (cutter-rigged
fishing vessel), Irish ford
Iron Chancellor Prince Otto
International Functionalists
Walter Gropius and Mies van
(paved ford), Irish coffee
Eduard Leopold von Bis- marck-Schönhausen—first
chancellor of German Empire International Prizegiver A l -
der Rohe
(spiked with Irish whiskey
Iron Charles C h a r l e m a g n e fred Nobel
and topped with whipped cream), Irish moss (edible
(Carolus Magnus) Interpreter of the Sea Wi n -
seaweed also called carrag-
Iron City Bessemer, Alabama slow Homer
een), Irish pennant (un-
whipped rope end flying in
and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Interpreter of the Wild West
Iron Curtain Countries A l - Frederic Remington
the breeze), Irish potato
bania, Bulgaria, Czechoslo- Intruder Grumman electronic
(white), Irish setter, Irish
vakia, Estonia, East Germany, intelligence-gathering aircraft
sweater (fisherman’s knit),
Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, (EA-6B)
Irish terrier (red-hair terrier
Poland, Romania, Soviet Inventor of Bifocals Benjamin
originally bred in Ireland),
Union, Yugoslavia Franklin
Irish tweed, Irish whiskey
Iron Duke Arthur Wellesley Inventor of Calculus B a r o n
(originally distilled in Ireland
the Duke of Wellington Gottfried Wilhelm von Leib-
from barley), Irish wolfhound
Iron Eyes Cody Oscar DeCorti niz and Sir Isaac Newton
(large breed of dog noted for
its courage and originally
Iron Gate narrow rapids in the
Inventor of the Detective
Danube below Orsova in Ro- Story Edgar Allan Poe
bred in Ireland)
Irish-American Bandmaster
mania
Inventor of Science Fiction
Iron Horse L o u G e h r i g ; a Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley,
Patrick Sarsfield Gilmore
steam locomotive author of Frankenstein
Irish Channel New Orleans
waterfront
Iron Lady M a rg a r e t
Inventor of the Stethoscope
Thatcher—Britain’s first René-Théophile-Hyacinthe
Irish confetti bricks; thrown
woman prime minister Laennec
bricks used in street fighting
Irish Cradle of U.S. Presi-
Iron Mountain State M i s -
Inventor of the Telephone
souri Philipp Reis although Alex-
dents I r e l a n d — a n c e s t r a l
Ironquill Eugene Fitch Ware ander Graham Bell is usually
home of Presidents Jackson,
Iron Range the Mesabi Range given credit
Kennedy, Nixon, and Reagan
as well as Arthur, Buchanan,
Ironsides Oliver Cromwell
Eponyms, Nicknames
Iron Triangle Cologne (Köln),
Islands of Eternal Spring the Siegen, Solingen (all noted
Island of Dragons Ko m o d o
Balearics (Ibiza, Formentera, for their steel products)
(home of the dragon lizards)
Mallorca, Menorca) Iroquois Bell turbo-power he-
Island of Dreams Capri
Islands of the Maoris N ew licopter designated UH- I
Island of Enchantment P u -
Zealand Irving Berlin Israel Baline
erto Rico
Island of Flowers Ta b o g a ,
Islands of Perpetual June
Irving Stone Irving Tannen-
Turks and Caicos Islands be- baum
Panama
tween the Bahamas and His- Isabela Spanish name for Al-
Island Fortress Malta
paniola bemarle Island in the Galápa-
Island of the Gods Bali
Island State Tasmania, Aus- gos
Island of Hell Norfolk Island
tralia Isak Dinesen Baroness Karen
in the South Pacific, the most
Island in the Sun Key West, Blixen-Finecke
dreaded of all Australian
Florida Isherman Israeli version of Su-
prison stations
Island of Venus Tahiti per Sherman tank
Island of Hope Statue of Lib-
Isle of the Ancestors M a d a - Iskander Alexander Herzen
erty, Liberty Island, New York
gascar (Aleksandr Ivanovich Yak-
Island of Knights Hospitaliers
Isle of Cloves Zanzibar oviev)
Malta
Isle of the Dead Böklin paint- Iskra (Russian—Spark)—Pol-
Island of Light N ew C a l e -
ing ish single-engine jet aircraft
donia
Isle of Destiny Ireland designated TS-11
Island of Many Faces S i n -
gapore
Isle of Fragrant Waters
Isku Finnish guided-missile
Hong Kong patrol boat
Island Ministate Nauru in the
Isle of Pines Cuba’s Isla de Pi- Isla de Juventud (Spanish—
Central Pacific
nos , France’s Ile des Pins, Isle of Youth)—Cuba’s Isle of
Island of Monks and Pirates
Ibiza Pines also called Isla de Pinos
Lantau or Tai Yue Shan—
Isle of Roses Rhodes Isla de Pascua ( S p a n i s h —
largest island off Hong Kong
Isle of Saints Iona in the Inner Easter Island)—Chilean is-
Island of the Moon Madagas-
Hebrides off Scotland’s west land in the eastern South Pa-
car
coast; Ireland cific noted for its huge stone
Island Nation nickname shared
Isle of Sappho Lesbos in the monuments; Polynesians call
by Australia, the Bahamas,
Aegean it Rapa Nui
Bahrain, Barbados, the Cape
Isles of the Blest the Canary Isla Más Afuera (Spanish—
Verde Islands, the Republic of
Islands (see Fortunate Isles) further out island)—Alejan-
China (Taiwan), the Comoro
Isles of Devils Bermuda dro Selkirk Island
Islands, Cuba, Cyprus, the
Isle of Sleep Tasmania Isla Más Tierra (Spanish—is-
Dominican Republic, Fiji,
Isle of Springs Jamaica land closest to land)—Robin-
Grenada, Haiti, Iceland, Indo-
Isle of Tears Ellis Island, New son Crusoe Island
nesia, Ireland, Jamaica, Ja-
York Islamic Century the 600s—
p a n , M a d a g a s c a r, t h e
ism of the modern world rac- Mohammed dies in 632; Is-
Maldives, Malta, Mauritius,
ism (according to anthropolo- l a m b eg i n s ex p a n d i n g
Nauru, New Zealand, Papua
gist Ruth Benedict) throughout the Middle East
New Guinea, the Philippines,
Isolator of Dysentery K i y - and Africa—the 7th century
São Tomé and Principe, the
Seychelles, Singapore, Sri
oshi Shiga
Island-and-Mainland Prov-
Isolator of Gangrene Shibas- ince Newfoundland
Lanka (Ceylon), Tonga, Trin-
idad and Tobago, the United
aburo Kitazato
Island at the End of the World
Isolde Yseult Madagascar as described by
Kingdom, Western Samoa
Israeli Ports A k ko ( A c r e ) , the Malagasy
Island of Olives Cyprus
Hefa (Haifa), Netanya, Island of Bearded Figs B a r-
Island of Roses Rhodes in the
Tel-Aviv-Yafo(Jaffa) Ashdod bados
Dodecanese
Island of Ruins and Roses
(Azotus), Ashquelon (Asca-
Island of Betelnut Palms
lon), Elat, Sharm el Sheik Penang
Gotland, Sweden
Israel’s Largest Port Tel-Aviv- Island of Birds Kusadasi
Island of Sages and Saints
Yafo (Jaffa or Joppa) Island City Manhattan, Mont-
Ireland
Israfel Edgar Allan Poe real, Singapore, and Stock-
The Islands pet name given to
Istanbul formerly Constanti- holm
favorite insular groups such
nople and originally Byzan- Island of Cloves Zanzibar
as the Aleutians, the Baha-
tium, capital of the Byzantine Island Continent Australia
mas, the Balearics, the Canar-
Empire Island of Copper Cyprus
ies, the Hawaiians, the West
Isthmian Nation Panama Island of Death Kahoolawe,
India islands and even to Co-
Isthmian Waterway Pa n a m a Hawaii (used for target prac-
ney, Long, Manhattan, and
Canal linking the Caribbean- tice by Air Force and Navy)
Staten when referring to the
New York City area
Atlantic and the Pacific; Suez
Eponyms, Nicknames
Canal linking the Mediterra-
Jack the Dripper J a c k s o n nean-Atlantic and the Red
Italian Pre-Renaissance
Pollock Sea leading to the Indian
Painter Giotto (Giotto di
Jack Frost frosty weather per- Ocean
Bondone)
sonifiied Isthmus of Panama formerly
Italian Riviera resort area be-
Jack Higgins Harry Patter- Isthmus of Darien
tween La Spezia and Ven-
son’s pseudonym Italian Italian greyhound (toy
timiglia
Jackie Jack Roosevelt Robin- dog); Italian hand (script orig-
Italian Somaliland I n d i a n
son; Jacqueline Kennedy inating in Italy in medieval
Ocean coast of what is now
Onassis times or craftiness); Italian
southern Somalia
Jack London J o h n G r i ffi t h dressing (salad dressing)
Italy of America Arizona
London Italian boot boot-shaped Ital-
Italy’s Principal Port Genoa
Jack Lord John Joseph Ryan ian peninsula
It Girl Clara Bow
Jack Palance Walter Palanuik Italian Century the 14th cen-
Itiopia Ethiopia (Abyssinia)
Jacksonopolis Jackson, Michi- tury—the 1300s
I-town Indiantown
Ivan (nickname for the typical
gan
Italian Classicist Sculptor
Jack Soo Jack Suzuki Antonio Canova
Russian)
Jack Teagarden Weldon Leo Italian East Africa E r i t r e a ,
Ivan Ivanovich t h e t y p i c a l
Teagarden Ethiopia, and Italian Somali-
Russian
Jacky Jaqueline land from 1936 to 1941
Ivan-Kremlin disease endemic
Jacopo Jacopo Tatti Italian Engraver G i a m b a t -
antisemitism
Ivan Lermolieff Giovanni Mo-
Jacques Halevy Jacques Fran-
relli (19th-century Italian art
tista Piranesi
Jacques Offenbach J a ko b the della Robbias
expert, patriot, and senator)
cois Fromental Elias Levi
Italian Family of Sculptors
Eberst Italian Film Magician Feder-
Ivan the Terrible Czar Ivan
Jacques Tati Jacques Tatis- ico Fellini
IV Vasilievich—ruler of Rus-
sia
Ivory Coast Ports G r a n d -
cheff
Italian Goldsmith and Sculp-
Jadotville former name for tor Benvenuto Cellini
Lahou, Jacqueville, Port-
Likasi, Zaire
Italian Illustrator-Painter
Jagananth Juggernaut or Puri Sandro di Botticelli
Bouet, Abidjan, Grand-Bas-
on the Bay of Bengal Italian Lakes Como, Garda,
sant
Ivy League college athletic
Jake Jacob; Jacobus Isea, Lecco, Lugano, Mag-
conference consisting of
Jaksch’s disease infantile ane- giore, Orta
Brown, Columbia, Cornell,
Dartmouth, Harvard, Penn-
mia
Italian National Composer
sylvania, Princeton, and Yale;
Jamaica Jamaica ginger; Ja- maica rum (heavy pungent
Ottorino Respighi
students and graduates of the abovementioned schools as
rum originally distilled in Ja-
Italian Naturalist Painter
maica); Jamaica shorts Michelangelo da Caravaggio
well as their “characteristic”
(midthigh short pants) Italian North Africa L i b y a
style of dress, which was con-
Jamaica ganga Jamaica grown from 1912 to the end of World
sidered “quiet and neat”
marijuana War II
ixey morphine
Jamaican Ports Lucea, Mont- Italian Ports (on Sardinia—
Izzie Isador; Isadora; Isadore;
ego Bay, Falmouth, Rio La Maddalena, Olbia, Ca-
Isidro; Isodoro; Ysidro
Bueno, Dry Harbour, St gliari, Alghero, Porto Torres),
Jabal Tariq (Arabic—Moun-
Ann’s Bay, Ocho Rios, Ora- Savona, Genova (Genoa), La
tain of Tarik)—Moorish name
cabessa Bay, Port Maria, An- Spezia, Livorno (Leghorn),
for Gibraltar in honor of their
notto Bay, Buff Bay, Port An- Portoferraio (on Elba), Civi-
chief Jabal Tariq who settled
tonio, Manchioneal, Port tavecchia, Gaeta, Forio, Is-
the Rock in the year 111; (Ar-
Morant, Morant Bay, Port chia, Bagnoli, Napoli (Na-
abic—Tariq’s Mountain)—
Royal, Kingston, Long’s ples), Torre Annunziata,
the Rock of Gibraltar
Wharf, Little Pedro Point, Castellamare di Stabia, Reg-
Jacaranda Capital jacaranda
Black River, Bluefields, Sa- gio di Calabria, (on Sicily—
tree-lined avenues and streets
vanna la Mar Messina, Palermo, Trapani,
comprising South Africa’s
Jambalaya Capital Gonzales, Marsala, Licata, Siracusa,
capital city—Pretoria
Louisiana Augusta, Catania), Crotone,
Jack the Back John Fitzgerald
James Garner James Baum- Taranto, Gallipoli, Brindisi,
Kennedy, thirty-fifth presi-
garner Monopoli, Bari, Molfetta,
dent of the United States, who
James Hadley Chase R e n é Barletta, Manfredonia, An-
turned his back to press pho-
Raymond’s pseudonym cona, Ravenna, Chioggia,
tographers until he offered
James Herriot author-veteri- Porto di Lido (Venice), Mon-
them the pose he wanted
narian James Alfred Wight’s falcone, Trieste
Jack Benny Benjamin Kubel-
sky
pseudonym
Eponyms, Nicknames
James Island, Galápagos
titled Common Sense (Le Bon Bartolomé, San Salvador,
jappy derived from Jewish-
Sens ); Voltaire was an as- Santiago
American Prince(s) or Prin-
sumed name for François- James O’Brien J a m e s
cess(es)—young generation
Marie Arouet Bronterre
living in luxury provided by
Jean Moreas p s e u d o ny m — Jamil Abdullah Al-Amin H
doting parents
Jannis Papadiamantopolous Rap Brown
Jap Sea Japan Sea containing
Jeannie Jean Jane Doe the average Ameri-
many islands comprising Ja-
Jean Paul Johann Paul Friedrich can female
pan
Richter’s pseudonym Janet Frame Janet Peterson
Jascha (Russian nickname—
Jacob)—Jake
Jean-Pierre Aumont Jean-Pierre
Frame Clutha’s pseudonym Salomons
Jastreb Yugoslav jet trainer
Janet Gaynor Laura Gainer Jean Stapleton Jeanne Murray
aircraft called Hawk
janets middle-aged widows Jeb Stuard M a j o r G e n e r a l
Javelin Gloster delta-wing jet
(see jennifer) J(ames) E(well) B(rown) Stu-
fighter aircraft
art, CSA Jane Seymour Joyce Franken-
javelle water s o d i u m h y -
Jefferson’s Country Charlot- berg
pochlorite solution (NaOCl)
tesville, Virginia Jane Welsh Mrs Thomas Car-
Jawbone Flats C l a r k s t o n ,
Jefferson Territory Colorado lyle
Washington
Jellybean Joe Bryant (basket- Jane Wyman S a r a h J a n e
Jaybird Coleman Burl Cole-
ball player) Faulks
man
Jelly Roll Ferdinand Joseph Morton Murphy
Jayhawker(s) Kansan(s)
Janey Canuck Judge Emily
Jayhawker State Kansas
Jenghis Khan Genghis Khan— Janie Jane
Jay Silverheels actor Harold J
Mongol conqueror and grand- Jan Peerce Jacob Pincus Perel-
Smith, known as Tonto in The
father of Kublai Khan muth
Lone Ranger series
Jennie Jane; Jean; Jennifer; Jan Struther Joyce Anstruther
Jazz Ambassador L o u i s
Lady Randolph Churchill January effect small-capital-
(Satchmo) Armstrong
Jazz Capital of the Americas
jennifer young woman who
New Orleans
ized stocks tend to outper-
marries an older man form large-capitalized stocks
Jennifer Jones Phyllis Isley in January
Jazz Capital of Europe
jenny Jane; Jean; Jennifer Jan Valtin Richard J Krebs
Copenhagen
Jenny Lind Johanna Maria Japan Japan lacquer or var-
The Jazz Singer Al Jolson
Lind—the Swedish Nightin- nish; Japan wax also called
Jean Arthur Gladys Greene
gale Japan tallow or sumac wax
Jean Baptiste French-Cana-
Jeremiah Stukeley P e r cy Japanese Japanese gelatin
dian’s sobriquet
Bysshe Shelley pseudonym (agar also called Japanese
Jean Baptiste Lully Giovanni
Jerez Jerez de la Frontera isinglass); Japanese paper
Battista Lulli
Jean Crapaud (nickname for
Jerome Hines Jerome Heinz (high rag content quality);
the typical Frenchman)
Jerrie(s) British slang for Ger- Japanese silk (high quality
Jean Gabin Jean-Alexis Mon-
man(s) raw silk)
corgé
Jerry Gerald(ine); Governor Japanese Ports Moruran, Ha-
Jean Hagen Jean Verhagen
Edmund G Brown, Jr of Cal- kodate, Otaru (on Hokkaido);
Jean Harlow Harlean Carpen-
ifornia, President Gerald R Tokyo, Yokosuka; Shimuzu,
ter
Ford; Jeremiah; Jeremy; Jer- Nagoya, Yokkaichi, Senboku,
Jean-Jacques J e a n - J a c q u e s
Rousseau
ome Jerry Lewis Joseph Levitch
Osaka, Kobe, Fukuyama,
Jean l’ Oiseleur ( F r e n c h —
Kure, Shimminato, Shi-
Jean the bird tamer)—pseud-
jersey jersey justice (reputedly efficient and speedy); jersey
monoseki, Maizuru, Niigata
onym of Jean Cocteau Jean Meslier Voltaire’s pseud-
lightning (applejack) (on Honshu), Kita Kyushu,
Kagoshima, Nagasaki,
onym concealing his author-
Jersey Blues New Jerseyites Jersey Blue State New Jersey
Jersey Lily Lily Langtry—En- Japanese Riviera E n o s h i m a
Sasebo, Karatsu, Fukuoka (on
ship of an heretical tract
Kyushu )
whose title page reads—Su-
perstition In All Ages by Jean
glish actress born on the is-
land of Jersey where her orig- Island recreation area
Meslier, a Roman Catholic
inal name was Emily Japan’s Back Door Sasebo
Priest, who after a pastoral
Charlotte Le Breton Japan’s Front Gate Yo ko -
service of thirty years at En-
Jersey Shore coastal New Jer- hama
trepigny and But, in Cham-
sey; former name of Waynes- Japan’s Largest Port Yo ko -
pagne, France, wholly ab-
burg, Pennsylvania hama (including Kawasaki,
jured religious dogmas, and
Jerusalem of the West A m - Tokyo, and Yokosuka)
left as his last will and testa-
ment the following pages en-
sterdam
Eponyms, Nicknames
Jervis Street To r o n t o , O n -
John Barrymore John Blythe tario’s red-light district
Jim Crow Laws S o u t h e r n
John Bull Great Britain Jesse Jesse Jackson (black
United States system of seg-
John Bull’s Other Island Ire- civil-rights leader)
regating blacks from whites
land before its independence Jesselton former name of Kota
Jimi Hendrix James Marshall
was declared in 1919 Kinabalu, Sabah
Hendrix
John Cabot Giovanni Caboto Jessi James Cleveland (Jesse)
Jimmy James; James Earl
John Calvin Jean Chauvin Owens; Jess; Jessica
Carter—thirty-ninth Presi-
John Company British East Jessup Maryland House of
dent of the United States
India Company’s nickname Corrections at Jessup
Jim Thorpe formerly Mauch
John Danger Hough Baillie Jessup Girls Maryland Cor-
Chunk, Pennsylvania
(colorful journalist who rose rectional Institution for
Jimtown Jamestown, North
from reporter to head of the Women at Jessup
Dakota
United Press) Jet Provost British jet trainer
jingo jingoism (chest-thumping
John Doe fictitious name used aircraft designated BAC-145
patriotism)
when real name is withheld or Jet Ranger Bell turbine-pow-
Jinx Falkenburg E u g e n i a
unknown ered helicopter also called
Falkenburg
J.J. Connington Alfred Walter
John and Emery Bonett
pseudonym shared by the Jet Star C-140 Lockheed light
Sea Ranger
Stewart’s pseudonym
husband-and-wife team— transport plane
Joan Crawford L u c i l l e l e
Sueur
John Hubert Arthur Coulson
and Felicity Winifred Carter Jet City Seattle
joe coffee
John Ford Sean O’Fearna Jewel of the Adriatic Dubrov-
Joe Joseph
John Garfield Julius Garfinkle nik; Venice
João Pessoa formerly Para-
John Gilbert John Pringle’s Jewel of Africa Lake Kivu
hiba, Brazil
Joaquin Miller C i n c i n n a t u s
stage name
The Jewel of American South
John Hancock s i g n a t u r e Seas Islands Palmyra, 1,100
Heine Miller’s pen name
(nickname memorializing miles southwest of Honolulu
Jochanan John
most prominent autograph on Jewel of the East Bali
Jock John
Declaration of Independence ) Jewel of the Eastern Sea S r i
Jocko Art Conlan
John Houseman J a c q u e s Lanka
Joe Bananas Mafia chief Jo-
Haussmann jewelers’ putty stannous oxide
seph Bonanno
John le Carré D av i d J o h n Jewel of German Cities Heidel-
Joey Bishop Joseph Gottlieb
Moore Cornwell berg
Joe Doakes nickname for the
Johnny John; John M Grant, Jewel Island Ceylon
average American man
Jr; John von Neumann (Hun- Jewel of the Kalahari L a ke
Joe Doe name used for the av-
garian-born American mathe- Okavango, Botswana
erage American male
matician) Jewell Manor Jewell Manor
Joel Grey Joe Katz
Johnny Appleseed J o h n (delinquent) Girls Center at
Joe Louis Joseph Louis Bar-
(Johnny) Chapman Louisville, Kentucky
row
Johnny Crapaud n i c k n a m e Jewels of the Caribbean U.S.
Joe Sixpack newsroom slang
for a Frenchman or a New Or- Virgin Islands
describing average newspaper
leans creole Jewish Alps Catskill Moun-
reader
Johnny Guitar Watson J o h n tains, New York
Joe Who? Canadian Secretary
Watson Jewish ampicillin c r e a m o f
of State Joe Clark
Johnny Reb(s) J o h n ny chicken soup
Joe Zilch the average Ameri-
can formerly called Joe Blow
Rebel(s)—Confederate sol- dier(s)
Jewish champagne c e l e r y
or Joe Doakes Johann Gutenberg J o h a n n
John Oxenham Wi l l i a m tonic (carbonated celery-fla-
vored water)
Ganzfleisch
Arthur Dunkerly John Paul C h a r l e s H e n r y
Jewish Confederate J u d a h
John Archer Ralph Bowman John Denver H e n r y J o h n
Webb Philip Benjamin
John Paul I Albino Luciani Jewish doughnuts bagels
Deutschendorf Jr.
John Paul II Karol Wojtyla Jewish Dristan h o r s e r a d i s h
John I John the First (John Ad-
John Rhode C e c i l J o h n (celebrated for its ability to
ams—second President of the
Charles Street’s pseudonym bring about nasal deconges-
United States)
John’s St John’s tion)
John II John the Second (John
Johns of Geneva Jean Calvin Jewish penicillin chicken soup
Quincy Adams—sixth Presi-
and Jean-Jacques Rousseau Jews of Asia ethnic Chinese
dent of the United States)
John Sinjohn John Galswor- overseas
John XXIII Angelo Giuseppe
thy jezebel abandoned and shame-
Roncalli
John Wayne Marion Michael less woman; a prostitute
John Barleycorn personifica-
tion of beer or malt liquor
Morrison
Eponyms, Nicknames
Jolly Green Giant Jim Garri-
folded, holding a balance in son, former New Orleans dis-
Juanita Juana (Jane, Joan)
one hand and a palm frond in trict attorney
Juan Pablo (Spanish—John
the other Joltin’ Joe J o e D i M a g g i o
Paul—the Pope
The Just Society (nickname— (baseball player)
Jubilee Girls Jubilee Lodge
for (delinquent) Girls at
Prime Minister Pierre
Jonathan Fogarty Titulescu
Trudeau’s administration of James T(homas) Farrell
Brimfield, Illinois
Canada) Jonathan Oldstyle ( p s e u d -
Judas Priest Jesus Christ (ren-
Jute Port Dundee, Scotland onym—Washington Irving)
dered as a palatable exclama-
Jutland mainland of Denmark Joni Mitchell Roberta Joan
tion or oath)
and Schleswig-Holstein Anderson
Judy Judith
Juvenal Decimus Junius Juve- Jordan’s Port Al Aqabah Jordie Jordan(a)
Judy Garland motion-picture-
reel name of Frances Gumm
nalis
Kabul River City Kabul, Af- Jordy Jordan
Judy Holliday Judith Tuvim
ghanistan j or j jam or jelly (cocaine)
Juggernaut Jagananth or port
Kabwe formerly Broken Hill, José Ferrer José Vicente Fer-
of Puri on the Bay of Bengal
Jules Romains L o u i s - H e n r i
Zambia
Kaffir King Barney Barnato José Greco Constanzo Greco
rer y Cintron
Jean Farigoule
Kahlbaum’s disease d e m e n - Joseph a Guarneri violin (short
Julia Marlowe Sarah Frances
tia with muscular tension Joseph Bentonelli J o s e p h
form of Giuseppe Guarneri)
Frost’s stage name
Kahler’s disease b o n e - m a r- Horace Benton
Julie Andrews Julia Wells
Julio Diniz J o a q u i m G u i l -
row destruction Kaiser Bill Wilhelm ll— Em-
Jumbo Barnum’s famous 6 1 / 2 Konrad Korzeniowski peror of Germany Joseph Hansen J a m e s C o l -
Joseph Conrad Teodor Josef
herme Coelho
Kalahari Kalahari Gemsbok ton’s pseudonym
ton 11-foot-high trained ele-
rica Josephine Josephine Baker
phant exhibited in the eighties
National Park in southern Af-
Jumbo Al Hirt
Josephine Bell Doris Bell Col-
Jumbo Bill America’s 27th
Kalatdlit-Nunat (Greenlandic Eskimo—Land of the Peo-
ple)—Greenland’s name Josephus Flavius Josephus,
lier Ball’s pseudonym
President—300-pound Will-
adopted in 1979 pen name of Arius Caipurnius
iam Howard Taft
Kalima formerly Albertville Piso
Jumbo State Texas
Josephus Flavius Josephus— Kalimantan Indonesian seg-
Jumping Joe Joe Dugan (base-
apostate Jew and recorder of ment of Borneo
ball player)
the Roman conquests Kalinin Soviet name for Tver
Jump Jet nickname of U.S.
Joseph von Sternberg J o s e f Kaliningrad formerly Königs-
Marine Corps AV-8B fighter-
Stern berg
bomber capable of vertical
Josh Joshua; (pseudonym— Kamenev L ev B o r i s ov i c h
takeoff and landing
Samuel L Clemens) Rosenfeld
June Allyson Ella Geisman
Josh Billings stage name of Kampuchean Ports (see Cam-
Juneteenth June 19, 1865,
humorist Henry Wheeler bodian Ports)
when blacks in Texas were
Shaw Kanakalanders nickname for Josiah Flynt Josiah Flynt Wil-
emancipated
Queenslanders who hired lard’s pseudonym
Jungle Novels collective name
many South Sea Kanakas to Josie Josephina; Josephine
given to B Traven’s books
work on their plantations The Journal The Wall Street
(see Hal Croves)
Junipero Serra Miguel José
kanaka(s) S o u t h S e a i s -
lander(s) The Joy Train n i c k n a m e i n
Journal Serra
Kanawha River City Charles- 1990s for Brazil’s bureau-
junk heroin’s nickname, also
ton, West Virginia cracy (O Trem da Alegria)
called smack
Kangarooland Australia J-town Jamestown; Johnstown
Junk Bond King M i c h a e l
Kanner syndrome early infan- Jualpa Camp Juneau, Alaska,
Milken
tile autism Pennsylvania Camp (Alaska
junkie drug addict
kansas cathedrals silos gold-mining site)
Jupiter of Wall Street J P
Kareem Abdul Jabbar L ew Juana la Loca ( S p a n i s h —
Morgan
Alcindor Juana the Mad)——queen of
Jusepe José de Ribera
Karl Johan Jean Baptiste Jules Castile whose lisp became the
Jussi Björling Johan Jonaton
Bernadotte royal style known as Castilian
Björling
Karl Malden Mladen Seku- Juan Bimba the typical Vene-
Justicia justice personified
lovich zuelan
(second goddess wife of Jupi-
Karl Radek Karl Sobelsohn Juan Gris J o s é Vi c t o r i a n o
ter or Themis who held the
Kashin a class of Soviet de- González
same post under the Greek
god Zeus); she stands blind-
stroyer-leader ships
Eponyms, Nicknames
Kate Catherine; Katherine;
King of the Bees Samuel Lin- Katharine Hepburn; Katrina
The Keys Florida Keys extend-
naeus Katherine Mansfield p s e u d -
ing southward from Key Bis-
King of Birds the eagle onym—Kathleen Beauchamp
cayne near Miami on the At-
King Bomba Ferdinand II Murry
lantic Ocean to Key West
King of Cakes wedding cake Kawasaki syndrome m o s t
between the Atlantic and the
Gulf of Mexico containing
King of the Carnivorous Dino-
saurs Tyrannosaurus rex ited heart disease in children;
common cause of noninher-
the Marquesas Keys, the Dry
King of Cartoons Tex Avery first described in 1967 by Dr
Tortugas, and Fort Jefferson
King of Cats the lion in Af- Tomisaku Kawasaki
National Monument
rica; tiger in Asia; puma in Keeling Islands old name for
Key State New South Wales
North America; jaguar in Cocos in the Indian Ocean
Key to Stockholm Aland Is-
Central and South America Keewanee peninsula on the
lands between Finland and
Sweden
King of Chefs and Chef of
south side of Lake Superior,
Kings Auguste Escoffier Michigan
Keystone Province Manitoba
King of Coke H e n r y C l a y Kelly Country A u s t r a l i a ’s
Keystoner(s) Pennsylvanian(s)
Frick northern Victoria named after
Keystone State Pennsylvania
King of Conductors H e r b e r t the nineteenth-century outlaw
Keystone of the South Atlantic
Ned Kelly von Karajan
Seaboard South Carolina
Kelp Capital San Diego, Cali- King of the Congo l ow l a n d
Khazarian Way D o n Vo l g a
and mountain gorilla fornia
Portage
Khazar Sea Caspian Sea
King of the Conifers the se-
Kelp Capital of the World
offshore San Diego, Califor- quoia
Khmer Cambodia
nia King Cotton personification of
Khmer Republic Cambodia
Kelper(s) Falkland Islander(s) the cotton crop of the south-
Khmer Rouge Red (Commu-
Kelt Soviet air-to-surface mis- ern United States
nist) Cambodia
King of Courts the forensic sile carried by Tu-16 bombers
Kick-’em-Jenny Diamond Is-
Kelvin Kelvin Scale
land’s nickname (West Indian
orator Quintus Hortensius of
Kemal Ataturk Mustafa Ke- Rome
island near Grenada)
mal Pasha King of the Cowboys R oy
Kid Chocolate Eligio Sardin-
Kenitra formerly Port Lyautey, Rogers French Morocco
ias (boxer)
King Crab Capital Ko d i a k , Kenny G Kenneth B Gorelick
Kid McCoy N o r m a n S e l b y
Alaska Kentucky Colonel E a r l e
(boxer)
Kid Ory Edward Ory (com-
King of the Delta Blues Sing-
Combs (baseball player) ers Robert Johnson Kentucky Rifle Glen Combs
poser-trombonist)
Kingdom of Cabbage G e r- (basketball player)
Kiel Canal formerly Kaiser
many Kenya Ports M o m b a s a ,
Wilhelm Canal
Kingdom of Death Hel (name Takaungu, Malindi, Lamu
kieselguhr silica (SiO 2 )
of the Queen of Death in Nor- Kester Christopher
Kildin Soviet class of fleet de-
dic mythology) Ketchikan State Jail and De-
stroyers
Killer H a r m o n K i I l e b r ew
Kingdom of the Hellenes
tention Home in Ketchikan,
Greece Alaska
(baseball player)
killer disease dysentery
Kingdom of Perpetual Night
keyboard condom p l a s t i c
Hell sheath over computer key-
Killer Whale Moon July 3 full
Kingdom of Sardinia the Ital- board
moon
ian Peidmont and the island Keyboard Titan V l a d i m i r
Kilometer-high City B o o n e ,
of Sardinia Horowitz
North Carolina
Kingdoms of the North Den- Key City P o r t Tow n s e n d ,
Kim Novak Marilyn Novak
mark, Norway, Sweden Washington; Vicksburg, Mis-
The King Clark Gable (Will-
iam Gable)
Kingdom of the Swedes, Goths,
and Wendes Sweden Key to England Dover on the
sissippi
King of Acids sulfuric acid
King Auks great auks
Kingdom of the Thunder
bay beneath the chalk cliffs of
Dragon Bhutan Kent flanking the English
King of Austrian Opera
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
Naples and Sicily Key of the Gulf Cuba
Channel
King of the Band John Philip
King of European Music Fes- Key of the Indian Ocean
Sousa
tivals Salzburg Mauritius
King of Bath Richard (Beau)
Nash
King of Filibusters Wi l l i a m
Key of the Mediterranean
Walker Gibraltar
King of Beans adzuki bean
Kingfish Senator Huey P Long Key to the New World 1 6 t h -
King of Beasts the lion
of Louisiana century Havana
King of the Beats J a c k Ke r-
ouac, writer
King of Fish wild salmon
Eponyms, Nicknames
King of the Fjords S o g n e
King of the Vibraphone Lion- Fjord, Norway
King of the Pianists Claudio
ell Hampton King of French Opera H e c -
Arrau
King of Waters the Amazon tor Berlioz
King of the Ragtime Writers
King of the West Saxons A l - King of Fruits the mango
Scott Joplin
fred the Great King of German Opera R i -
King of Rivers North Amer-
King Who Lost George III, chard Wagner
ica’s Colorado and South
who lost the American colo- King of the Gods Jupiter (Ro-
America’s Amazon
nies man mythology)
King of Roads John Loudon
King Who Lost America King of the Harmonica
Macadam
Great Britain’s George III Sonny Boy Williamson
King of Rock ’n’ Roll E l v i s
King of Wines champagne (Aleck Miller)
Presley
King of Zydeco Clifton Che- King of the High Cs Luciano
King of Russian Opera Piotr
nier Pavarotti
Ilyich Tchaikovsky
King of the Screen Fa r i d
Kinmen Chinese name for
King of the Huns and Scourge
Quemoy Island of God Attila
Shawqi
king’s cure-all evening prim-
Kinshasa formerly Leopold-
King of Indonesian Primates
ville, Belgian Congo the orangutan
rose oil
Kiowa Bell helicopter whose King of Instruments the hu-
King of the Seas N e p t u n e
civil version is called the Jet man voice; the organ; the vi-
(Roman) or Poseidon (Greek)
Ranger olin or other string instru-
King of the Sea Turtles trunk-
Kipling’s Khyber m o u n t a i n ments
back turtle
pass between Afghanistan King of Italian Opera Giuseppe
king’s English correct English
and Pakistan Verdi
king’s evil scrofula (lymph-
Kipper NATO nickname for King of Jazz Louis (Satchmo)
gland tuberculosis)
air-to-surface missile carried Armstrong and Paul White-
King of Snakes king snake
by Tu-16 aircraft man
Kirk Douglas Issur Danielov- ich Demsky cording to the New Testament
King of Spruces Sitka spruce
King of the Jews Jesus, ac-
King Star Regulus, in the con-
Kirsty Kristina; Kristine King of the Jungle the tiger King of Kings Jehovah—God
stellation Leo King of Steel Andrew Carn-
Kisangani f o r m e r l y S t a n - leyville, Belgian Congo of the Christians and Jews; ti-
egie
kissy-face investing r e l a t i o n - tle of various presumptive rul- ers of African and Oriental
King of Swat George Herman
Ruth
King Swazi Kingdom of Swa-
ship funds seeking invest- ments
kit injection paraphernalia King Kong C h a r l i e Ke l l e r
lands
ziland King of Swing Benny Good-
Kit Catherine; Christopher; (baseball player)
Kitty King of Kora Toumani Diabate
man; Elvis Presley
Kit Carson Christopher Car- King of Laughter Bert Will-
King of Tasmanian Rivers t h e
son nicknamed Monarch of iams (Egbert Austin Will-
Gordon
the Prairies as well as Nestor iams)
King of Terrors personifica-
of the Rocky Mountains King Leso Kingdom of Lesotho
tion of death
Kit Carson City Carson City, King of Lizards ko m o d o -
King of Tools the lathe
Nevada named for the fron- dragon lizard
King of Tortoises Galápagos
tiersman King of Metals gold
tortoise
Kitchener formerly Berlin, King of the Missions Mission
King of Torts Melvin Belli
Ontario but changed in World San Luis Rey, east of Ocean-
King of Trains and Train of
War I to honor Lord Kitch- side, California
Kings Orient Express
ener King of Naples Marshal Joachim
King Tut King Tutankhamen
Kitchener of Khartum G e n - Murat
of Egypt
King of the Twelve-String Gui-
eral Horatio Herbert Kitch-
King of Oceanic Scavengers
ener the albatross
tar Leadbelly (Huddie Led-
Kitsi Kathryn King of the Octaves Claudio
better)
Kittle Katherine; Kitty Belairs José Domingo Brindis de Sala
King of the Underworld
Kittsian(s) inhabitant(s) of St King Oliver Joseph (King) Ol-
Osiris (Egyptian mythology)
Kitts iver—Doctor Jazz
King of the Vagabonds F r a n -
Kitty Catherine King of the One-Liners Henny
çois Villon whose real name
kiwi(s) New Zealander(s) Youngman
was François de Montcorbier
Klinefelter syndrome affect- King of the Opera tenor-con-
King of Vaudeville J i m m y
ing genitalia and internal ductor Placido Domingo
(Schnozzola) Durante
King of Verismo G i a c o m o
ducts, usually male; testes un-
King of Ornithological Paint-
derdeveloped and do not pro- ers John James Audubon
Puccini (celebrated composer
of realistic operas)
duce sperm
Eponyms, Nicknames
Klondike Country the Yukon
Kulmhof Chelmo a Polish con- Klong Toey Bangkok, Thai-
Korean Ports North Korean—
centration camp land’s waterfront area
Chinnampo, Wonson, Konan,
Kuriles Kurile Islands of north- Knickerbocker Group Wi l l -
Kimchaek, Chongjin, Najin
ernmost Japan seized by Rus- iam Cullen Bryant, James
Up, Unggi; South Korean—
sia at end of World War II Fenimore Cooper, Washing-
Inchon, Kunsan, Mokpo,
Kuwait Ports Mina abd Allah, ton Irving (Diedrich Knicker-
Yosu, Masan, Pusan
Ash Shuaiba, Mina al Ah- bocker)
Korea Strait Tsushima Strait
madi, Abu Hulafah, Al Ku- Knickerbocker(s) New Yorker(s)
(scene of decisive Japanese
wayt Knight of La Mancha D o n
naval victory over Russian
Kwok’s disease Chinese res- Quixote
fleet during Russo-Japanese
War of 1905)
taurant syndrome produced
Knight of the Rueful Counte-
by monosodium glutamate nance Don Quixote
Korovograd f o r m e r l y Z i -
and resulting in dizziness, Knight of the Swan L o h e n -
novievsk or Elisavetgrad
headaches, and nausea grin
Kotlin Soviet guided-missile
Kynda a S ov i e t c l a s s o f Knockout Brown Va l e n t i n e
destroyers
heavily-armed destroyers Braun (boxer)
Kousse Sergey Koussevitsky
Kraguj Yugoslav counterinsur-
La Argentina Antonia Mercé
Know-Nothing President
y Luque Millard Fillmore
gency aircraft
La Belle Epoque ( F r e n c h — Knut Hamsun Knut Pedersen
Kremlin seat of government in
The Beautiful Epoch)—1900 Koba Stalin’s party name prior
Moscow
to 1914 (turn of the century to the Bolshevik takeover of
Kremlin Killer Josef Stalin
to the start of the first world Russia
Kresta Soviet guided-missile
war) Kobarid Yugoslavian name for
destroyer-leader warships
LaBelle Province ( F r e n c h — Caporetto
Kringleville Racine, Wiscon-
the beautiful Province)— Kodak City Rochester, New
sin
Québec York
Krishaber’s disease dizzy-and-
La Belle Riviére ( F r e n c h — Kodamá (Japanese—Echo)—
sleepy neurosis accompanied
The Beautiful River)—fron- nickname of the high-speed
by fainting
tier nickname of the Ohio in express train linking Kyoto
Kriss Kringle Santa Claus
the days of Audubon and with the port of Osaka
Kristallnacht ( G e r m a n —
Boone Kodok Sudanese name for
Night of Broken Glass)—
La Bonne Louise L o u i s e Fashoda
nights of November 8th, 9th,
Michel remembered for good Ko-i-noor (Persian—Moun-
and 10th in 1938 when Nazi
works among the poor of tain of Light)—Nadir Shah’s
mobs broke the windows and
Paris name for the celebrated
smashed the doors of Ger-
Labor Boss Samuel Gompers, mountain-shaped diamond
man-Jewish stores and tem-
John L Lewis, and George Komar (Russian—Mosquito)—
ples before looting them,
Meany guided-missile patrol craft
burning them, and sending
Labrador Canadian version of used by the navies of Algeria,
their inhabitants to concentra-
Boeing-Vertol CH-113 heli- China, Cuba, Egypt, Indone-
tion camps
copter; Labrador Current; La- sia, Syria, etc.
Kristiania Oslo’s previous
brador duck; Labrador jay; kona (Hawaiian-Polynesian—
name
Labrador Peninsula; Labra- lee side)—side of an island
Kronos (Greek—Saturn)—
dor pine; Labrador retriever; out of or protected from pre-
god of time
Labrador Sea; Labrador spar; vailing winds
Kronstadt Soviet subchasers
Labrador stone (another name Kona Coast gold m a r i j u a n a
Krung Kao Ayutthaya, Thai-
for Labrador spar); Labrador grown on the kona or lee side
land
tea of any Hawaiian or Polyne-
Krupny a Soviet class of de-
lace-curtain middle class sian island
stroyers
La Columna (Spanish—The Kongens By (Danish—King’s
K-T Event Cretaceous extinc-
Column)—Venezuela’s high- City)—Copenhagen
tion, which ended the age of
est mountain also called Pico Königsberg former name for
dinosaurs (K for Cretaceous,
Bolívar Kaliningrad
T for Tertiary)
Lacrosse USA field artillery Korea Gate nickname of the
K-town Kutztown, Pennsylva-
MGM-18A surface-to-sur- exposé involving more than a
nia
face missile million dollars in bribes given
Kubyshka (Russian nickname
La Cumbre ( S p a n i s h — T h e some American politicians in
for Cuba)—a kubyshka is a
Summit)—nickname of the return for their voting money,
jar wherein Russian peasants
Uspallata mountain pass and military aid, and supplies for
bury their money—Kubachka
tunnel in the high Andes link- South Korea
(Little Cuba) has a similar
sound
ing Argentina and Chile
Eponyms, Nicknames
La Divina Maria Meneghini
Lake Poets S a m u e l Ta y l o r
Land of Chopin and Coperni-
cus Poland The Lady cocaine; Statue of
Callas
Coleridge, Robert Southey,
Land of Clear Light the Ameri- Liberty, New York
William Wordsworth
can Southwest and the Mexi- Lady of 57th Street New York
Lake State(s) Michigan bor-
can Northwest (La Tierra de City’s Carnegie Hall
dering on lakes Superior,
Luz Clara) Lady Beaverkill Louise Brew-
Michigan, Huron, and Erie;
Land of Columbus Colombia ster Miller
Minnesota with its 10,000
lakes
Land of the Conquistadors
Lady Bird Claudia Alta Taylor
Extremadura, Spain where Johnson—wife of President
Lalia Eulalia
Cortez and Pizarro were born Lyndon Johnson
La Lollo Gina Lollobrigida
Land of the Cornstalk A u s - Lady in the Chair Cassiopeia
Lama Aerospatiale observa-
tralia constellation
tion helicopter built in France
and designated SA-315
Land of Crocodiles A f r i c a
Lady of Faubourg Saint-Hon-
and Southeast Asia oré Salle Pleyel, Parisian
Lamb of God Jesus Christ
Land of the Dakotas N o r t h concert hall
Lamia P L Tyraud de Vosjoli
Dakota Lady Hamilton Emma Lyon
(French underground fighter
and chief of intelligence)
Land of Death and Chains
Lady of the Harbor Statue of
Siberia Liberty, New York
lamo strange person
Lamp of Heaven the Moon
Land of the Delight-makers
Lady of the Lakes Michigan
New Mexico Lady of the Lamp Nurse Flo-
Lana Turner Julia Jean Turner
Land of Desolation A n t a r c - rence Nightingale
Land of 10,000 Lakes Minne-
tica and Greenland Lady of Laughter E r m a
sota
Land Down Under Australia Bombeck
Land of Acadie (see Land of
and New Zealand Lady in Red Anna Sage, who
Evangeline)
Land of Dragons Hong Kong betrayed gangster John
Land of the African Equator
Zaire (the largest)
Land of Dvorˇák and Smetana
Czechoslovakia Lady Snow cocaine
Dillinger
Land of Albert Schweitzer
Land of the Eagle Albania Lady South Charleston, South
Gabon
Land of Emeralds Colombia Carolina
Land of Alligators Florida
Land of Enchantment N ew Lady with a Lamp S a n t a
Land of a Million Elephants
Mexico Filomena (immortalized by
Laos
Land of Eternal Spring Gua- Longfellow); Statue of Lib-
Land of Art and Mozart
temala erty officially named Liberty
Austria
Land of Evangeline M a i n e Enlightening the World
Land of the Aztecs Mexico
east of the Kennebec River, l’Affaire (French—The Af-
Land Between the Rivers
N ew B r u n s w i c k , N ova fair)—the Dreyfus Case
Mesopotamia, better known
Scotia, and Louisiana’s Lafitte Country B a r a t r a r i a
as Iraq
coastal parishes Bay (an old pirate settlement
Land Beyond the Mountains
Tennessee
Land of Farmers and Fisher-
men Denmark La Gioconda ( I t a l i a n — T h e
south of New Orleans)
Land Beyond Sorrow Uganda
Land of the Firebird Ancient Cheerful Woman)—another
Land of the Bible Israel
Russia name for Leonardo da Vinci’s
Land of Birds Australia
Land of Five Peoples S u r i - portrait—the Mona Lisa
Land of the Bogs and the Little
name, formerly Dutch Gui- l’Aiglon (French—the Ea-
People Ireland
ana, containing black, brown, gle)—Napoleon II, also
Land of Bondage Egypt in the
red, white, and yellow people known as the Duke of Reich-
time of Moses
from Africa, Indonesia, South stadt
Land of the Boomerang A u s -
America, Europe, and the Laird of Auchinleck J a m e s
tralia
Orient Boswell
Land of the Bulgars Bulgaria
Land of the Fjords Norway Laird of Skibo Castle A n -
Land of Cactus New Mexico
Land of Caimans s wa m p -
Land of Flaming Waters
Malawi Laird of Vailima Robert Louis
drew Carnegie
lands of tropical America
Land of Flowers Florida Stevenson
Land of Cakes Scotland
Land of the Cedars Lebanon
Land of the Free U n i t e d
Laird of Woodchuck Lodge
States of America John Burroughs
LandCent Allied Land Forces,
Land of Freedom Liberia Lake City Madison, Wiscon-
Central Europe
Land of the Gaucho Uruguay sin
Land of Cheese, Trees, and
Ocean Breeze Tillamook,
Land of Gavials I n d i a a n d
Lake of the Four Forest Can-
Malaysia tons Lake Lucerne (Switzer-
Oregon
Land of Genghis Khan Mon- land)
Land of the Cherry Blossoms
Japan
golia
Eponyms, Nicknames
Land of Gitche Gumee L a ke
Land of the Lemurs M a d a -
Land of a Million Elephants
Laos Land God Gave Cain Arctic
Superior
gascar and Comoro Islands
Land of the Moors A l g e r i a Canada
Land of Leopold Belgium
and Morocco Land of Gold California
Land of the Leprechauns
Land of the Mormons Utah Land of the Golden Lion Iran
Ireland
Land of Letzeburgesch L u x -
Land of the Morning Calm
Land of Grass Roots S o u t h
Korea Dakota
embourg (where the language
is Letzeburgesch)
Land of Moses Israel
Land of Greek, Roman, and
Land of Mountains the Aus- Modern Ruins Lebanon
Land of Lincoln Illinois
Land of Lions Tanzania (for-
trian Tyrol, Norway, Sweden,
Land of Hans Christian
Switzerland, Tibet Andersen Denmark
merly Tanganyika)
Land of Liszt and Bartok
Land of My Fathers Wales
Land of the Happy Medium
Land of Nod where Cain was Costa Rica
Hungary
exiled after killing Abel; the Land of Heart’s Desire N ew
Land of the Llamas Peru
realm of sleep Mexico
Landlocked South African
Land o’Cakes Land of Oat- Land of the Heather Scotland
Country Lesotho
meal Cakes—nickname Rob- Land of Heroes Finland
Landlocked South American
ert Burns gave to Scotland Land of Hiawatha M i c h i -
Nations Bolivia and Para-
Land o’ Lakes Wisconsin gan’s Upper Peninsula
guay
Land of Opportunity Arkan- Land of Hope and Glory Great
Land of the Longest East
sas; New Mexico Britain
Coast of South America
Land of Oz imaginary land in- Land of Hospitality Somalia
Brazil
Land of the Longest West
vented by writer L(yman)
Land of Hospitality and
Frank Baum Charm Thailand
Coast of South America
Chile
Land of Pagodas Burma
Land of the Hummingbird
Land of the Long White Cloud
Land of the Panama Canal
Panamá Land of Ice and Fire Iceland
Trinidad
New Zealand
Land of the Pentagram M o - Land of the Incas Peru
Land of the Lotus Blossom
Sri Lanka (Ceylon), where
rocco
Land of the Individual and
the lotus blossom symbolizes
Land of the People Greenland
Land of the Pharoahs Egypt Alaska
Other Endangered Species
Buddha
Land of the Philistines Pa l e s - Land of the Inland Seas G r e a t
Land of the Magyars H u n -
Land of the Inland Sea Chad
gary
Land of the Manchus M a n -
tine
Land of the Plastic Lotus
California the U.S.
Lakes country of Canada and
churia
Land of Plenty South Dakota Land of Instant Women T h a i -
Land of Many Composers
Land of the Poinciana Jamaica land
Russia (birthplace of Aren-
sky, Borodin, Bortniansky,
C u i , G l a z u n ov, G l i e r e ,
Land of Political Exiles Ya k u -
Land of Iron and Diamonds
tia (northeastern Siberia) Sierra Leone Land of Isolation Antarctica
Glinka, Khachaturian, Lia-
dov, Liapunov, Medtner,
Land of Precious Things E l
Salvador Land of the Kangaroo Australia Land of the Khmers Cambo-
Mussorgsky, Prokofiev, Rach-
maninoff, Rimsky-Korsakov,
Land of the Prince Wales
Land of the Prophets Israel dia
Scriabin, Shostakovich,
Land of the Quetzal G u a t e - Land of the Kiwi New Zealand
Stravinsky, Tchaikovsky)
mala Land of Lakes Wisconsin
Land of Many Tribes Tanza-
nia (formerly Tanganyika)
Land of the Red People O k l a -
Land of Lakes and Fens
homa Finland
Land of the Maoris N ew
Zealand
Land of the Rich Coast Costa
Land of Lakes and Forests
Rica Sweden
Land of the Marsupials Aus-
tralia
Land of the Rising Sun Japan
Land of Lakes and Volcanos
Land of the Mayas Honduras
Land of the Rolling Prairie
Iowa Land of the Lamas Tibet
El Salvador
Land of Mecca Saudi Arabia
Land of the Rose England Land of Lamentations H o l y
Land of Men Marquesas Is-
Land of the Sagas I c e l a n d Land, Israel and Palestine
lands in the South Pacific
Land of the Midnight Sun
(where the art of storytelling
Land of the Largest Antilles
dates from the 12th century) Cuba
northern Alaska, Canada’s
Land of the Saints Utah Land of Latte Stones Guam
Northwest Territories, Green-
land, Iceland, Norway, Swe-
Land of Saints and Scholars
Land of Leeks Wales
Ireland Land of Legend C a n a d a ’s
den, Finland, and Siberia
Land of the Sea The Nether- Yukon Territory
Land of Milk and Honey I s -
rael’s Jordan River Valley
lands
Eponyms, Nicknames
Land of Sea and Mountain
Las Crutches trucker’s nick- Norway
Land of the Trade Winds U.S.
name for Las Cruces, New Land’s End Cornish cape in
Virgin Islands
Mexico southwest England—west-
Land of the Unexpected N ew
Guinea
Last Capital of the Confeder-
acy Danville, Virginia Land of Shakespeare England
ernmost England
Land of the Vikings Norway
Last Chance Gulch g o l d Land of the Shamrock Ireland
particularly Vestfold province
miner’s name for Helena, Land of Silence Lapland
on the western shore of Oslo
Montana Land of Silver Argentina
Fjord where Viking remains
Last Cocked Hat James Mon- Land of Six Peoples G u y a n a
are plentiful
roe—fifth President of the (formerly British Guiana),
Land of Voltaire France
United States and last to wear containing Africans, Amerin-
Land of Waterfalls Norway
the cocked hat of the Ameri- dians, Chinese, East Indians,
Land of Waters Guyana
can Revolution Spaniards, and other Euro-
Land of the Wattle Australia
Last Continent A n t a r c t i c a peans
Land of the West M o r o c c o
(from Arabic maghrib mean-
(last continent to be discov-
Land of Skillful Farmers
ered) Lithuania
ing west)
Last Corner of Arabia Oman Land of the Sky North Caro-
Land of the Whispering
Last Frontier A l a s k a ’s o l d lina
Bushes California
nickname and current nick- Landslide Lyndon S e n a t o r
Land of the White Ant A u s -
name of Canada’s Northwest Lyndon B Johnson
tralia’s Northern Territory
Territories; Antarctica; Mi- Land of Small Islands Micro-
ami, Florida nesia
Land of the White Eagle P o -
Last Great Place Montana Land of Smiles Thailand
land
Last Great Race Iditarod Dog Land of Song Italy
Land of the White Elephant
Thailand
Land of the White Mountain
Sled Race
Last of the Incas Atahualpa
Last, Loneliest, Loveliest (city) Land South of the Clouds
Land of the South American
Kenya
Equator Brazil and Ecuador
Land of the Winds I r a n o r
Auckland, New Zealand, ac-
Yunnan cording to Kipling
Persia
Lane’s disease chronic consti-
Land of the Southern Cross
Last Lovely City S a n F r a n -
cisco Land of Spring coastal south-
pation
Brazil
Langtry formerly Vinegaroon,
Last Outpost on the Missis-
ern California from San Di- sippi Pilot Town (near Ven-
Texas; renamed in 1882 by
ego to Santa Barbara ice, Louisiana)
Judge Roy Bean to honor ac-
Lands Reclaimed from the Last of the Prophets before
tress Lillie Langtry whose
Sea Netherlands Mohammed Jesus, accord-
name also adorned his combi-
ing to the Moslems Land of the Suez Canal Egypt
nation courthouse and sa-
loon—The Jersey Lily
Last Remaining Polynesian
Lands of Sunlit Nights Scan-
Kingdom Tonga christened dinavian countries during
Lansen (Swedish—Lance)—
the Friendly Isles by Captain summertime (Denmark, Fin-
jet interceptor aircraft desig-
Cook land, Iceland, Norway, Swe-
nated J-32
Last of the Romans Rienzi den)
La Pasionaria Dolores lbar-
Last Romantic poet and polit- Land of Steady Habits C o n -
ruri famed for her impas-
ical writer Max Eastman; Ri- necticut
sioned speeches during the
Spanish civil war
chard Strauss; Sergei Rach-
Land of Sunburned Faces
m a n i n ov ; W S o m e r s e t Ethiopia
La Perla ( S p a n i s h — T h e
Maugham Land of Sunshine New Mex-
Pearl)—San Juan
Lapland northernmost Fin-
Last Son of the 18th Century
ico, South Africa, and south-
Gioacchino Rossini ern California
land, Norway, Sweden, and
Russia
Last Stronghold of the Moors
Land of Symphonists Austria
Granada, Spain (birthplace or home of
La Popessa Mother Pascalina
La Stupenda Dame Joan Suth- Haydn, Mozart, Bruckner,
(nurse and confidante of Pope
erland and Mahler)
Pius XII for forty-one years)
last trump the sound of the last Land of the Templars Malta
Larruping Lou Henry Louis
trumpet believers expect to Land That Time Forgot Aus-
(Lou) Gehrig
hear on Judgment Day tralia
Larry Laurence; Lawrence
Last Viceroy Earl Mountbat- Land of the Thistle Scotland
Larry King Larry Zeigler
La Salle Street Chicago’s fi-
ten of Burma (India’s last
Land of the Thousand Lakes
viceroy) Finland
nancial district
Last Word Society American Land of Togetherness Kenya
La Scala Milan’s opera house
Academy of Forensic Sci- Land of Tomorrow Brazil
La Scala West nickname of
Chicago’s Lyric Opera
ences
Eponyms, Nicknames
Last Year of Confusion 4 6
Hayes—who served only B.C., which Julius Caesar or-
Leader of the Renaissance
non-intoxicating fruit drinks dered lengthened by 90 days
World Florence (Firenze)
while at the White House to align the calendar
Leader of the West U . S . A .
Lemur Paradise Madagascar La Superba (Italian—The Su-
Lena River City Yukutsk, Si- perb)—Genoa’s proud appel-
Lead State nickname shared
beria lation dating back to the time
by Colorado and Missouri
Lenny Leonard Bernstein; of Columbus
League-of-Nations President
Lenny Bruce (Leonard Alfred Las Vegas East Atlantic City,
Woodrow Wilson
Schneider) New Jersey
Leaning Tower L e a n i n g
Tower of Pisa in Italy
Lens-Grinder Philosopher
Las Villas f o r m e r l y S a n t a
Benedictus de Spinoza Clara province in Cuba
Leao do Mar (Portuguese—
Leonard Holton L e o n a r d Las Wages nickname of Las
Lion of the Sea)—the stormy
Patrick O’Connor Wibber- Latter-Day Saint J o s e p h
Vegas, Nevada
Cape of Good Hope
Lebanese Ports Ta r a bu l u s ,
ley’s pseudonym Leonard Q Ross ( p s e u d -
Beirut, Sayda, Sur Leber’s disease congenital at-
onym—Leo Rosten) Mormon
Smith—author of The Book of
Leon Bakst Leon Nikolaevich Latter-Day Saints t h e M o r-
rophy of the optic nerve
Rosenberg mons
Le Boulevard des Princes
Leopard West German Krauss- Maffei medium tank armed
Laughing Philosopher Vo l -
(French nickname—Hortense
taire
Schneider—actress and inti-
mate of European royalty)
with a 105mm gun
Launcelot Langstaff p s e u d -
Leopold’s galloping ghost
onym shared by Washington
Congo-attained dysentery James K Paulding when they
L’Ebreo (Italian—The He-
Irving, William Irving, and
Leopoldville Kinshasa, Zaire published the Salmagundi es-
b r ew ) — n i c k n a m e o f
Lepke Louis Buchalter (1897– says
Salomone Rossi—Renais-
1944) Laura World War II code name
sance composer and rabbi
Le Carré J o h n L e C a r r é
Le Roi Soleil (French—The for Majuro, still in use by
Sun King)—Louis XIV Americans and Marshallese
(pseudonym of David John
Le Sage ( F r e n c h — T h e islanders
Moore Cornwall)
Wise)— Charles V Laura Z Hobson L a u r a K
Lecumberri-Hilton nickname
Lesbian Poet Sappho, the po- Zametkin
of Mexico City’s great prison
etess of Lesbos Laurel and Hardy comedians
Le Douainier (French—The
Lesbos Lésvos or Mytilene in Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy
Custom House Officer)—
the Aegean Lauren Bacall Betty Perske
nickname of Henri Rousseau
Lesbos Long Island Fire Is- Laurence Templeton S i r
the primitive painter
land, Long Island, NY Walter Scott’s pseudonym
Leedsloiner(s) n a t ive ( s ) o f
Les Cayes modern name for used in the publication of
Leeds
Aux Cayes, Haiti also called Ivanhoe
Lee Grant Lyova Rosenthal
Lee J Cobb Leo Jacoby
Cayes
Lawgiver of Ancient Greece
Leslie Charteris L e s l i e Solon of Athens
Leewards Leeward Islands
Charles Bowyer Yin Law of Infinitesimals d i l u t e
Left Bank of the ’90s P r a -
Leslie Ford Z e n i t h J o n e s substances can have very
gue, Czech Republic
Brown’s pseudonym strong effects
Lefty Robert Grove
Leslie Howard Leslie Stainer Lawrence of Arabia Thomas
legacy system a ny o u t d a t e d
Lesser Antilles Leeward and Edward Lawrence
computer software
Windward Islands extending Lawrence L Lynch E m m a
Leghorn English equivalent of
from the Virgin Islands to Murdock Van Deventer’s
Livorno on Italy’s west coast
Trinidad and the Dutch West pseudonym
Le Grande Orange R u s t y
Indies (Aruba, Bonaire, Law of Similars like cures like
Staub (baseball player)
Curaçao) Law West of the Pecos Judge
Le Grand K (French—the big
lessie(s) lesbian(s) Roy Bean of Langtry, Texas,
kilogram)—platinum cylin-
Lethbridge originally Coal- also known as the Hanging
der, housed in Paris, that is the
banks, Alberta Judge
official standard weight for
LeVar Burton Levardis Robert Lazy B Boeing
the kilogram
Burton Junior lazy eye amblyopia
Le Grand Siècle (French—The
Leviathan of Literature D r Leadbelly Huddie Ledbetter
Great Century)—the 1600s
Samuel Johnson Leader of the East U S S R
Lemnos Limnos island in the
Le Vigan Robert Coquillaud (1945–1989)
Aegean
Lemonade Lucy M r s L u cy
Levittown Pennsylvania town,
Leader of French Enlighten-
created by William Levitt; ment Denis Diderot
Ware Webb Hayes—wife of
President Rutherford B
considered the first suburb
Eponyms, Nicknames
Lewis Carroll Charles Lut-
Limey(s) Limejuicer(s)—Brit- widge Dodgson
lifeblood of the industrialized
ish sailor(s) or ship(s); nick- Lewis Grassic Gibbon p s e u -
world oil
name derived from their use donym of J(ames) L(eslie)
Liftmaster Douglas DC-6 92-
of limejuice to ward off Mitchell
passenger transport
scurvy Liar of Biblical Antiquity An-
liger cross between a lion and
Lincoln’s Shrine Springfield, anias, struck dead for lying,
Illinois according to The Acts in the
a tiger
Lincoln’s State Illinois New Testament
Light of the Ages Moses ben
Lindy Charles Augustus Lind- Libba Cotten Elizabeth Cot- ten
Maimon of Cordoba also known as Maimonades
bergh Linnaeus Carl von Linné Liberace Wladziu Valentino
Light of Asia Gautama Bud-
dha
Linoleum Capital of Scotland
Kirkaldy The Liberator Daniel O’Con-
Liberace
Lighthorse Harry Major Gen-
Lion of the Caribbean S i r nell
eral Henry (Lighthouse
William Alexander Busta- Liberator of Argentina G e n -
Harry) Lee, USA—father of
mante eral José de San Martín
Robert E. Lee
Lion City Singapore Liberator Czar Alexander II
Lighthouse of the Pacific E l
Lionel Barrymore L i o n e l (1855–1881)—abolished
Faro del Pacifico —Izalco
Blythe serfdom in Russia
Volcano—whenever active,
Lion Flag Ceylon’s emblem Liberator of Genoa A n d r e a
its fire can be seen from
featuring a golden lion with Doria
planes and ships several hun-
dred miles away from El Sal-
an upraised scimitar in his
Liberator of God and Man
right paw comes from the an- Baruch de Spinoza
vador
cient name for this island Liberator of Italy G i u s e p p e
Lightning British BAC all-
Lion Hill Norway’s parlia- Garibaldi
weather supersonic jet
Liberian Ports Robertsport,
ing Monrovia, Buchanan, Harper
Lightnin’ Hopkins Sam Hop-
ment, officially called Stort-
Lion of Judah f o r m e r E m - Libertador de Chile (Spanish—
kins
peror Haile Selassie of Ethio- Liberator of Chile)—Ber-
Ligurian Republic R e p u b l i c
pia nardo O’Higgins
of Genoa
Lion of the North K i n g Libertybellsville Philadelphia
Likasi formerly Jadotville in
Gustavus Adolphus of Swe- Liberty Bowl Memphis, Ten-
the Belgian Congo
den nessee
Lilac New Hampshire state
flower and nickname some-
Lion of Pune B K S Iyengar
Liberty Enlightening the
(yoga teacher) World Statue of Liberty in
times given New Hampshire
Lion’s Den State Tennessee New York Bay
girls
Lion’s Gate harbor entrance of Liberty Island formerly Bed-
Lilac City Spokane, Tacoma,
Vancouver, British Columbia loe’s Island in Upper New
Washington
Lion Tamer Ian Smith York Bay where it supports
Lila Lee Augusta Appel
Lippy Leo Ernest Durocher the Statue of Liberty
Lillian Gish Lillian De Guiche
liquid candy soft drinks Library Builder Andrew Car-
Lisbeth Elisabeth; Elizabeta; Elizabeth Library of Last Resort t h e
Lillian Nordica Lilly Norton
negie
Lillian Russell Helen Louise
Listener to the Winds E d - Library of Congress in Wash-
Leonard
ward MacDowell ington, D.C., where anyone
Lillibet Elizabeth
Liszt Expert Alfred Brendel can consult any book in any
Lillie Emily; Lillian; Lillie
Literary Emporium Boston, language
Langtry—the Jersey Lily—
Massachusetts Librettist-Composer A r r i g o
christened Emilie Charlotte
Le Breton
Literary Queen of Expatriate
Americans Gertrude Stein Libyan L i b y a n D e s e r t i n
Boito
Lilli Palmer Maria Lilli Peiser
Lithuania Baltic nation long Egypt, Libya, and the Sudan
lily of the field garlic
ruled by Soviet Russians until Libyan Ports Bardiyah, To-
Lily of France symbolic fleur
1991 bruk, Darnah, Marsa al Hilal,
de lis or lily flower
Little Alfie Alfred Austin Marsa Susah, Benghazi, Az
Lily-Lilo Rosalie Texier
Little America Antarctic camp Zuwaytinah, Marsa al Burayqah, As Sidr, Surt, Mis-
Limbo of the Lost t h e B e r-
muda Triangle, also called the
at the edge of the Ross Ice Shelf and the Bay of Whales
ratah, Tarabulus, Marsa Sa-
where Admiral Byrd head- bratah, Zuwarah
Devil’s Triangle
quartered; East Anglia, En- licorice tincture of opium
Limejuicer British sailor
gland (for World War II-era licorice stick clarinet’s nick-
Limerick Lear Edward Lear
United States air bases); Lon- name
of Highgate, near London
Limeyland England
don’s Grosvenor Square
Eponyms, Nicknames
where John Adams lived at
Little Three Williams College, No 9 when he was America’s
Little Joe Apollo spacecraft
Amherst, Wesleyan Univer- first ambassador to Great
booster designed and pro-
sity Britain; now site of the U.S.
duced by General Dynamics,
Little Tiger mainland China’s Embassy
Convair
hydrofoil patrol boat called Little Belt Lillebaelt (strait
Little John surface-to-surface
Hu Chwan separating island of Fyn from
rocket produced by Emerson
Little Tokyo Japanese section Danish mainland between
Electric
of any American or Canadian Baltic Sea and the Kattegat)
Little Lad of Landau Ameri-
city Little Ben Benjamin Harrison
can political cartoonist Tho-
Little Van President Martin Little Boy A-bomb dropped on
mas (Th) Nast born in Lan-
Van Buren Japanese targets before the
dau, Germany
Little Van Dyke G o n z a l e s end of World War II
Little Lady in Pants Dr Mary
Cocx—Flemish portrait Little Britain A r m o r i c a o r
Walker
painter who imitated the style Brittany in northern France
Little Lhasa Dharamsala, In-
of Van Dyke but painted fam- Little Chicago Culiacán, Si-
dia, to which the Dalai Lama
fled in exile from Lhasa, Tibet
ily groups on small canvases
Little Van’s Lady Hannah Van naloa, Mexico
Little Louie L u i s A p a r i c i o
Buren—wife of President Little Chocolate George Dixon
(baseball player)
Martin Van Buren (boxer)
Little Lunnon C o l o r a d o
Little Venice Lake Maracaibo, Little Corporal five-foot-high
Springs, Colorado
Venezuela Napoleon Bonaparte (Le Petit
Little Luther Hans Kung
Little White House Franklin Caporal )
Little Mac General George B
D Roosevelt’s farm home Little Denmark Solvang, Cal-
Mc Clellan
near Warm Springs, Georgia ifornia
Little Magician Martin Van
Little Yellow Book q u o t a - Little Dixies the southern parts
Buren—eighth President of
tions of Deng Xiaoping of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and
the United States
Little Mermaid Edvard Erik-
Live-Entertainment Capital of
parts of Missouri and Okla-
the World Branson, Mis- homa
sen’s bronze statue of a
souri Little Egypt delta country of
maiden seated atop a rock and
Live Free or Die State N ew southern Illinois around Cairo
looking out to sea from
Hampshire and the confluence of the
Copenhagen’s harbor—im-
Live Oak State Florida Ohio and Mississippi
mortalized in Hans Christian
Andersen’s fairy tale
Liverpool of the Pacific Va n -
Little England of the Carib-
couver, British Columbia bean Barbados
Little Neddies Economic De-
velopment Committees
Living Declaration of Inde-
Little Flower Fiorello H La
pendence Thomas Paine Guardia
Little Netherlands Curaçao
Livy Olivia; Roman historian Little Giant Johnny Griffin,
Little New York M i a m i
Titus Livius saxophonist; Knute Nelson—
Beach, Florida’s South Beach
Liz(a) Eliza(beth) populist governor of Minne-
Little Old Lady of Pennsylva-
Lizard Moon f u l l m o o n i n sota; oratorically gifted Sena-
nia Avenue Federal Trade
March tor Stephen Douglas of Illi-
Commission
Lizard State Alabama nois
Little Paradise Queen Victo-
Lizards Alabamans’ nickname Little Goldilocks S h i r l ey
ria’s nickname for the Isle of
Lizbeth Elizabeth Temple
Wight
Lizzie British sailors’ nick- Little Havana Cuban-refugee-
Little Phil G e n e r a l P h i l i p
Henry Sheridan
name for the superliner
populated sections of Miami, Queen Elizabeth
Little Poison L l oy d Wa n e r
Florida Lizzy Elizabeth
(baseball player)
Little Holland Garibaldi, Ore- Ljuba Welitsch Ljuba Velich-
The Little Professor D o m
gon kova
DiMaggio (baseball player)
Little Ida Idaho Lock City Stamford, Connect-
Little Red Book quotations of
icut Little Inch 20-inch pipeline
Mao Tse-tung
Lock Town Stamford, Con- paralleling the Big Inch
Little Rhody Rhode Island
necticut Little India of the Pacific F i j i
Little Richard Richard Penni-
man
Log Cabin-and-Hard-Cider
President William Henry Little Italy Italian section of
Islands
Little’s disease c o n g e n i t a l
Harrison any American or Canadian
spastic paralysis
Lola Dolores city
Little Steam Engine Pud Galvin
Lola Montez stage name of Little Jazz Roy Eldridge (mu-
(baseball player)
Marie Dolores Eliza Rosanna sician)
Little Sure Shot Annie Oak-
ley (Mrs Frank Butler)
Gilbert also known as the
Eponyms, Nicknames
Comtesse de Lansfeld, Mrs
Lord of War Wotan Heald, Mrs Hull, and Mrs
Lord Berners Gerald Hugh
Lorenzo da Ponte Mozart’s li- James
Tyrwhitt-Wilson
brettist whose real name was Lon Chaney Alonso Chaney
Lord Brougham Henry Peter
Emanuele Corregliano london london broil (thinly-
Lord Byron George Gordon
Byron
Lorenzo the Magnificent
sliced flank steak broiled be-
Lorenzo de Medici fore serving); london brown
Lord Chesterfield Philip Stan-
Loretta Young G r e t c h e n (carbuncle gemstone)
hope
Young London Bach Johann Chris-
Lord De La Warr T h o m a s
Loris Hugo von Hofmannsthal tian Bach
West—Lord Delaware
Lorrie Laura; Lorraine Canute the Great’s name for
Lord Desart William Ulick
London of the Scanians King
O’Connor Cuffe
Lord Dufferin Frederick Tem-
Los Angeles’ Sister City
Lund, Sweden; Scandic capi-
Eilat—Israel’s leading oil tal he founded to match his
port London of the English
ple Hamilton Blackwood
Los Pinos ( S p a n i s h — T h e London by the Sea Brighton
(Lord Rector of St Andrews
University)
Pines)—official home of London-super-Mare Brighton
Lord Dunsany Edward John
Mexico’s presidents London Town London, En-
Moreton Drax Plunkett
Lost City of the Incas M a c h u gland
Lord of the East Vladivostok
Picchu, Perim (near Cuzco, Lone Eagle Charles A Lind-
Lord God bird pileated wood-
Peru) bergh
pecker
Lost Colony Roanoke Island, Lone Lion of Idaho S e n a t o r
Lord Haw-Haw nickname of
North Carolina (site of Sir William E Borah
William Joyce
Walter Raleigh’s first settle- Lonely Iconoclast George S
Lord of Hell Lucifer
ment) Schuyler
Lord High Executioner of the
Lost Generation people who Lone Star State Texas
Mafia A l b e r t A n a s t a s i a
came of age just after World Longevity Belt zone stretching
War I and lacked cultural, po- from Minnesota to Nova
Lord of Hokkaido J a p a n e s e
litical, or social stability Scotia
red fox
Lost Wages Las Vegas, Nevada Longhair Lair N ew Yo r k ’s
Lord Kelvin William Thom-
(gambling resort) Lincoln Center of the Per-
son
Lot’s Wife Japanese volcanic forming Arts
Lord Kenneth Ke n n e t h
islet in the North Pacific be- Longhorn(s) Texan(s) named
Clark—Lord Clark of Salt-
tween Iwo Jima and Yoko- after the longhorn cattle char-
wood
hama—resembles a pillar of acteristic of Texas
Lord Keynes John Maynard
salt; mountain of St Helena Long Night Moon full moon in
Keynes
Island in the South Atlantic December
Lord Kinross J o h n Pa t r i c k
Lotte Charlotte Longshanks Edward I of En-
Douglas Balfour
Lottie Charlotte gland
Lord Kitchener Horatio Her-
Lotty Charlotte Longshore Philosopher E r i c
bert (also known as the Earl
Lou Ambers Louis D’Ambro- Hoffer
of Khartoum)
sio (boxer) Long Tom T h o m a s J e ff e r-
Lord Macaulay Thomas Bab-
Lou Costello Louis Cristillo son—third President of the
ington
Lou Gehrig’s disease a m y o - United States
Lord North Frederick North
trophic lateral sclerosis Lon’on Town British nick-
Lord Palmerston Henry John
Louis Calhern Carl Vogt name for London
Temple nicknamed Pam
Louis Capet King Louis XVI The Loop downtown commer-
Lord Passfield Sidney Webb
looie lieutenant
Louise Homer L o u i s e D i l - cial, financial, hotel, shop-
Lord Peter Death Brendon
worth Beatty ping, and theater district of
Wimsey Ian Carmichael
Lord Protector Oliver Crom-
Louis-Ferdinand Céline Henri- Chicago
Louis Destouches looping taping voices after a
well—Lord Protector of En-
gland
Louis Graveure Wi l f r e d motion picture is shot
Lord of Reason Bertrand A
Douthitt Lord Acton lst Baron John
Russell
Louisiana for Louis XIV of Emerich Edward Dalberg-
Lord of the Rings J ( o h n )
France Acton
R(onald) R(euel) Tolkien
Louisiana Ports Baton Rouge, Lord Baltimore George Cal-
Lord Russell Bertrand A Rus-
Lake Charles, New Orleans vert
sell
Louis Jourdan Louis Gendre Lord Beaconsfield Benjamin
Lord Salisbury Robert Arthur
Louis le Debonnaire Louis I Disraeli
Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil
of France Lord Beaverbrook Wi l l i a m
Lord of San Simeon William
Louis Napoleon N a p o l e o n Maxwell Aitken
Randolph Hearst
Lord Tweedsmuir John Buchan
III—Emperor of France
Eponyms, Nicknames
Love Bug widespread, damag-
Lumberjacks Mainers (inhab- ing computer virus in May
Lower Nile Nile River flowing
itants of Maine) 2000
from Khartoum in the Sudan
Lumber State Maine Love Goddess Rita Hayworth
to Cairo in Egypt and the Nile
Lum’n Abner Chester Lauck Lovely Felix F e l i x M e n -
River Delta emptying into the
and Norris Goff delssohn-Bartholdy
Mediterranean Sea
Lunatic of Libya Col Muam- love machine b e d r o o m - o n -
Lower Peninsula s o u t h e r n
mar Qaddafi wheels type of recreation ve-
Michigan between Lake
Lungansk o l d n a m e o f hicle such as a camper, trailer,
Michigan, Lake Huron, and
Voroshilovgrad or van
Lake Erie
Lungs of the Earth b o r e a l Lover of Liberty T h o m a s
Lower Rhine Rhine River be-
forest encircling North from Paine
tween Bonn, Germany and
Canada to Siberia Low Countries Belgium, Lux-
the North Sea coast of the
Netherlands
Lunik Soviet cosmic rocket
landed on Moon September Lower 48 Alaskan name for the
embourg, and the Netherlands
Lower Saxony Neidersachsen
14, 1959 forty-eight contiguous United
including most of Brunswick,
Lusians Portuguese States
Hannover, Oldenburg, and Schaumburg-Lippe
Lusitania (Latin—Portugal)— Lower 48ers Alaskan name for
Lower Silesia southern Silesia
Roman name often used as people in the 48 contiguous
the poetic equivalent of Por- states
Lowland Duchy Luxembourg
tugal traversing northern Brazil
Low Newton remand center in
Lower Amazon Amazon River
Durham, England
Loyalist Province New Brun-
L Wica pseudonym of Vilhelm
the Prince of Sweden and from Manaus to the Amazon
swick
River Delta on the Atlantic
Lozovsky Solomon Abramov-
Duke of Södermanland
Lynn Brock Alister McAllis- near Belém do Pará
ich Dridzo
Lower Austria southern Aus-
ter tria bordering on Switzerland,
Lynn Doyle Leslie Alexander Italy, Yugoslavia, and Hun-
LT Meade Elizabeth Thoma-
sina Meade Smith
Montgomery gary
L-town Lewistown, Illinois
Lyric Land Wales Lower Bavaria e a s t e r n B a -
Lubumbashi formerly Elisa-
bethville, Belgian Congo
Lyric Poet and Literary Critic
Heinrich Heine Lower Burma coastal Burma
varia
Lucan Roman poet Marcus
Maastricht Corridor s o u t h - west of Thailand
Annaeus Lucanus
ernmost projection of the Lower California t h e B a j a
luciferin an organic molecule
Netherlands between Bel- California
that helps fireflies produce
gium and Germany Lower Canada French-speak-
light (named for Lucifer, the
Ma Bell Bell System telephone ing Québec and the lower St
fallen archangel and bearer of
companies linked by AT&T Lawrence region during the
light)
Mac Macintosh computer 19th century
Lucil Gaius Lucilius (Ro-
Ma Cable American Telephone Lower East Side N ew Yo r k
man—satiric writer)
and Telegraph City’s most congested section
Lucille Ball Diane Belmont
Macabre Film Robert Wiene’s south of Washington Square
Lucky Lucky Luciano (Salva-
Cabinet of Dr Caligari Lower Egypt Egypt’s delta
tore Lucania)—once Amer-
macadam m a c a d a m r o a d area north of Cairo and in-
ica’s foremost gangster
(named for its Scottish inven- cluding Alexandria and Port
Lucky Black Swan We s t e r n
tor—JL McAdam); macadam Said
Australia’s city of Perth
stone (stone used in building Lower Franconia northwest-
where black swans swim
macadam pavements or ern Bavaria
about in Perth Water
roads) Lower Galilee Israel between
Lucky Capital Canberra, Aus-
macadamia nuts pale, buttery the Mediterranean and the
tralia
nuts from Australia (named Sea of Galilee
Lucky Country Australia
for Dr John MacAdam) Lower Lakes s o u t h e r n m o s t
Lucky Lindy Charles Augus-
MacArthur’s Birthplace L i t - Great Lakes—Erie and On-
tus Lindbergh
tle Rock, Arkansas—birth- tario
Lucy Lucia; Lucilla; Lucille;
place of General Douglas Lower Michigan p e n i n s u l a r
Lucille Ball (Diane Belmont);
MacArthur Michigan south of Mackinac
St Lucia, West Indies
MacGregor mechanically op- Strait
Lucy Stone maiden name of
erated hatch cover Lower Mississippi Mississippi
Mrs Henry Brown Blackwell
Machine Gun George R Kelly River from St Louis to New
Lukas Foss Lukas Fuchs
(1897–1954) and Jack Orleans and the Gulf of Mex-
Lumber Capital Ta c o m a ,
McGurn (1904–1936); Travis ico
Washington
Lumber City Bangor, Maine
Grant (basketball player)
Eponyms, Nicknames
mach numbers mach 1, et cet-
Maine Ports Calais to Kittery era—ratio of velocity of an
Magazine of History A m e r i -
including Bangor, Searsport, object to the velocity of sound
can Heritage
Boothbay Harbor, Bath, and (named after Ernst Mach,
Magazinist Edgar Allan Poe’s
Portland Austrian physicist)
self-invented title
mainland China People’s Re- Macintoy Macintosh computer
Magda Lupescu Elena Wolff
public of China Mac OS Macintosh Operating
Magellan of Modern Music
Mainland Hawaiians’ nick- System—trademark
Harry Partch
name for the 49 mainland MacRobertson Land Austra-
states of the United States lian Antarctica
Maggie Margaret; Margaret
Thatcher, Prime Minister of
the United Kingdom of Great
Mainlanders Hawaiian name
Madagascar’s Principal Port
for people of the 49 mainland Tamatave
states Madame Bertha Sarah Bern-
Britain and Northern Ireland
Main Staters inhabitants of hardt
(1979–1990); stock market
Maine Madame Blavatsky H e l e n a
nickname for Magnavox;
Maisie Maria; Marie; Mary; Petrovna Hahn-Hahn
Warren Magnuson (U.S. sen-
ator)
Maryjane Madame Deficit Marie Anto-
Maison Gomin correctional inette’s nickname
maggotbox Macintosh com-
facility for women at St Cyri- Madame de Stael B a r o n n e
puter
Ile, Québec Anne Louise Germaine
Maggot Mile Boca Raton, Flor-
Malson Tanguay Montreal’s Madame Récamier J e a n n e
ida
Magic City Miami, Florida
facility for women prisoners
Françoise Julie Adélaïde Ber- Majocchi’s disease r i n g l i ke
Magic Island Haiti on Hispan-
nard empurplement of the lower
iola
Madame X M a d a m e P i e r r e limbs Gautreau
Magic Johnson Earvin Johnson
Major Bob n i c k n a m e o f Mad Anthony Major General
Magister Fouga jet trainer built
former Salvadoran rightist Anthony Wayne
in France
Magnificent 13 N ew Yo r k
leader Roberto D’Aubuisson
Mademoiselle le Professeur
City’s red-bereted teams of
Major Prophets of the Old
Testament Isaiah, Jeremiah, Madge Margaret; Margarita
Nadia Boulanger
vigilantes determined to en-
force law and order in the
Ezekiel, Daniel
Mad Genius of Sex and Psy-
subways
Make-You-Cry Composer
chiatry Wilhelm Reich—
Puccini inventor of the orgone box
Magnolia City Houston, Texas
Make-You-Laugh Composer Madhouse on the Potomac
Magnolia Lady Former First
Lady Rosalynn Carter
Rossini Malacañan (Filipino—Home
the Capitol, the Pentagon, the
Magnolia(s) Mississippian(s)
of the Ruler)—Filipino presi- State Department, the White
Magnolia State Mississippi
dential palace House, Washington, D.C.
Magyar(s) Hungarian(s) Mahatma ( H i n d i — G r e a t
Malacañan Palace official res- Mad Ludwig Ludwig II of Ba-
idence of the President of the Mad Meg nickname of the
Philippines Mayer van der Bergh Mu-
varia (Wagner’s patron)
Souled)—sobriquet of India’s
Malafon Latecoere surface-to- seum in Antwerp, Belgium
greatest leader, Mohandas
surface or surface-to-under- Mad Monk Gregori Rasputin
Karamchand Ghandi
water naval missile made in Madonna Madonna Louise
The Mailman K a r l M a l o n e
(basketball player)
Maid of Orleans J o a n o f
France Malagasy Republic Madagas-
car Mad Priest John Ball
Ciccione
Arc— La Pucelle d’Orleans
Malayan Island Nation S i n - madras madras cloth or ma-
Maid of Zaragoza Augustina
de Aragón (Augustina Dome-
nech Zaragoza—fighter for
gapore Malaysian Ports Penang-But-
dras cotton; madras kerchief
The Maestro Arturo Toscanini
terworth; Lumut, Kelang Maestro of Abolition Brazil-
freedom during Spain’s inva-
(Port Swettenham), Port ian composer-conductor Car-
sion by Napoleonic armies)
Dickson, Melaka los Gomes who fought for the
Mail Soviet BE-12 Beriev am-
Malbrook (Louis XIV’s mis- abolition of slavery
phibian reconnaissance air-
pronunciation of Marlbor- Maestro Crescendo Rossini
craft
ough—John Churchill — Maestro No No conductor-per-
Maimonides Moses ben Mai-
Duke of Marlborough) fectionist Arturo Toscanini
mon
Malcolm X Malcolm Little Mae West American actress of
Main Drag Main Street or the
Maldive Islands Port Malé stage and screen; lifejacket
main street of any American
Malgache Republic Madagas- named after her shape
city or town
car (territory includes Am- Magallanes former name of
Main Drag of Many Tears
sterdam, Crozet, Kerguelen, Punta Arenas, Chile
125th Street in New York
City’s Harlem
and Saint Paul islands)
Eponyms, Nicknames
Malinche ( s e e D o ñ a M a -
tan cocktail (vermouth and
Marburg hemorrhagic fever
rina)— often a Mexican syn-
deadly African fever onym for Quisling or trai-
whiskey mix topped with a
Marc Chagall Marc Segal tor—with Malinchismo
maraschino cherry)
Marcella Sembrich P r a xe d e meaning treachery
Manifest Destiny President
Marcelline Kochanska Maltese Ports Va l e t t a a n d
James Knox Polk
Marches border region of En- Marsaxlokk
Manila Manila hemp (abacá fi-
gland and Wales Maluku (Indonesian—Moluc-
ber used in making fabrics,
March King John Philip Sousa cas)—Spice Islands
rope and paper); Manila paper
Marco Page pseudonym of Mambru (Spanish mispronun-
(buff-color paper prized for
Harry Kurnitz ciation of Marlborough—
its heavy-duty applications)
Marder German armored-per- John Churchill—Duke of
Man of Monach Country
sonnel carrier fitted with a Marlborough)
Fermanagh County in Ulster,
Northern Ireland
Man Against Everything Henry
Mardi Gras Metropolis N ew Louis Mencken (1880–1956),
Manning Coles Cyril Henry
20mm cannon
Orleans, Louisiana editor of the American Mer-
Coles
Manny Emanuel; Manuel Man(ny) Han(ny) M a n u fa c -
Marg Margaret cury (1924–33)
Marge Margaret; Margery Man for All Seasons Sir Tho-
turers Hanover (Bank)
Margie Margaret mas More Mañanaland Latin America
Manolete Manuel Rodriguez
Man on Horseback G e n e r a l
Margo Margaret; María Mar-
garita Guadalupe Teresa Es- Manassa Mauler Jack Demp-
Georges Boulanger
tela Bolado Castilla y O’Don- sey born in Manassa, Colo-
Man’s Oldest Disease a l c o -
nell rado,
holism
Margot Margaret Man of a Thousand Faces L o n
Mantovani d’Annunzio Paolo
maria plains of the moon; ar- Chaney
Mantua English place-name
chaic (for Latin mare, or sea) Mana-Zucca Augusta Zucker-
for Mantova
Maria Callas Maria Kalog- man
Manuel Emmanuel
eropolos Man of Blood and Iron Prince
Man Who Broke the Bank of
Maria Ivogün Ilse von Günther Otto von Bismarck
England George Soros
Maria Jeritza Mimi Jedlitzka Man of Destiny N a p o l e o n ;
Man Who Invented Panama
María Montez Maria Africa William Walker, one-time
Philippe Bunau-Varilla
Vidal de Santo Solas dictator president of Nicara-
Man Who Made the Greatest
Marie Brema Minny Fehrman gua who planned for Central
Dictionary James AH Mur-
Marie Corelli Eva Mary Mackay American unification and a
ray who devoted his life to the
Marie Curie M a ny a S k l o - Caribbean federation includ-
creation of the Oxford En-
dowska (1867–1934) ing Central America and
glish Dictionary (OED)
Marie Dressler Leila Von Ko- Cuba
Man Who Made Ragtime Scott
erber Marie’s disease chronic en- dragora offucinarum also
Joplin
mandrake nickname for Man-
Man With the Hoe The Man
largement of the face, feet, called devil’s testicle or sa-
Wi t h t h e H o e — E d w i n Markham
and hands tan’s apple
Marilyn Monroe Norma Jean Mandy Amanda; Manda
Man of Words lexicographer
Baker Man from Independence Presi-
Eric Partridge
Marina Street San Juan, Pu- dent Harry S Truman
Manxmen Isle-of-Man persons Many Islands (see Polynesia)
erto Rico’s district jail Man from Maine J a m e s G
Man You Loved to Hate Erich
Mariner Venus-Mars fly-by Blaine
space vehicle Man from Missouri P r e s i -
von Stroheim Maple City Ogdensburg, New
Mariner Mystic H e r m a n dent Harry S Truman
York
Melville Man from Stratford Wi l l i a m
Maple Leaf Canada’s flag con-
Mario Giovanni Matteo Shakspere
sisting of three vertical
Mario Lanza Alfred Arnold Man of God Grigori Rasputin
stripes—red, white, red—
Cacozza (so named by Czar Nicholas
with a red maple leaf on the
Marion Davies Marion Cece- II—last Romanov emperor of
white center stripe
lia Douras Russia)
Ma Rainey Gertrude Rainey
Mariscal de Ayacucho (Span- Mangrove Coast F l o r i d a ’s
Marble Capital Proctor, Ver-
ish—Marshal of Ayacu- southernmost coast between
mont
cho)—Antonio José de Su- the Everglades and the Keys
Marble City R u t l a n d , Ve r-
cre—companion of Bolívar Manhattan Manhattan clam
mont; Sylacauga, Alabama
and first president of Bolivia chowder (minced clams plus
Marble Halls of Oregon Ore-
gon Caves National Monu-
Maritime Capital of Canada
herbs and tomatoes); Manhat-
ment
Vancouver
Eponyms, Nicknames
Maritime Provinces N ew
Master Illusionist L aw r e n c e Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and
Martha Albrand H e i d i H u -
of Arabia, Thomas Edward Prince Edward Island
berta Freybe
Lawrence Maritzburg Pietermaritzburg
Martial Roman epigrammatist
Marcus Valerius Martialis
Master of Light and Shade
Mark Aldanov Mark Aleksan-
Rembrandt van Rijn and Le- drovich Landau
Martin Sheen Ramon Estevez
onardo da Vinci Markland ( N o r s e — Fo r e s t
Martov Yuli Osipovich Tsed-
erbaum
Master Mariner of the Imagi-
nation Joseph Conrad Markov chains probability the-
Land)—probably Labrador
Martyr Abolitionist Elijah Par-
Master of Melancholy A n - ory based on sequences of
ish Lovejoy
dres Segovia random variables (named for
Martyr of Mexican Indepen-
Master Melvin Mel Ott (base- mathematician Andrei
dence Miguel Hidalgo
ball player) Markov)
Martyr for Science Giordano
Master of Mexico D o n P o r- Mark Rothko Marcus Roth-
Bruno
firio Diaz (Porfiriato lasted kowitz
Marunouchi Tokoyo’s finan-
from 1876 to 1911) Marks & Sparks M a r k s &
cial center
Marvel of Marble the TaJ Ma-
Mastermind of Revolution
Spencer (British department
VI Lenin store)
hal
Marx Brothers C h i c o ( L e -
Master Musician/Comedian
Mark Twain Samuel Lang-
Victor Borge horne Clemens
onard), Harpo (Arthur),
Groucho (Julius), plus
Master of Neurological Anat-
Mark Twain Town Hannibal,
omy Santiago Ramón y Ca- Missouri
Gummo (Milton), and Zeppo
(Herbert) Marx
jal
Mark Twain in Sneakers
Mary Astor Lucille Lange-
Masterpiece of American
Engineering t h e Pa n a m a Marlboro Country Bulgaria,
George Sheehan
hanke
Canal where cigarettes have been
Maryland named for Mary,
Master Pilot Jacques Cartier the currency of choice for
queen of King Charles I
(Le Maître-Pilote) government favors
Maryland Port Baltimore
Mary Pickford Gladys Mary
Master of Political Satire
Marlene Dietrich Magdalene
Mark Russell von Losch
Smith’s stage name
Mary Queen of Scots M a r y
Master of Psychic Polyphony
Marlin Martin P-5M recon-
Richard Strauss naissance flying boat
Stuart
Mary Roe anonym used when
Master of the Psychological
Marmalade Capital Dundee,
Novel Franz Kafka Scotland
the true name of the woman
Master of Raphael Il P e r u g - Marquis de Vaugenargues L u c
is unknown; nickname of the
average American girl
ino (Pietro Vannucci)
de Clapiers
Marysville Girls Ohio Refor-
Master Scientist-Aero Engi-
Marquis de Sade D o n a t i e n
neer Theodore von Karmen Alphonse Francois
matory for Women at Marys-
ville
Master of Suspense A l f r e d
Marquise de Pompadour
Hitchcock Jeanne Poisson
Masaccio Tommaso Guidi
Master of Swing Count Basie Marquis of Halifax G e o rg e
Masaniello contracted name of
[originally William (Bill) Savile (1633–1695)
Tommaso Aniello
Basie] Marquis of Queensbury box-
Masha (Russian nickname—
Master of Tragic Sorrow P y - ing rules formulated by John
Mary)
otr Ilich Tchaikovsky Graham Chambers super-
The Masked Marvel Charley
Master of the Telecaster A l - vised by the 8th Marquis of
Patton
bert Collins Q u e e n s bu r y — S i r J o h n
Mason and Dixon Line bound-
ary between Maryland and
Master of the Walking Bass
Shollto Douglas
Pennsylvania, also used to de-
Leroy Vinegar
Marquis of Rockingham
Master of the Yosemite Ansel Charles Watson-Wentworth
scribe former demarcation
Adams (former Prime Minister of
between southern slave and
Mastodon of Literature E m - Great Britain)
northern free states
manuel Swedenborg so nick- Marquis of Salisbury Robert
Massachusetts Ports Glouces-
named by Ralph Waldo Em- AT Gascoyne-Cecil
ter, Salem, Boston, Quincy,
erson Marse Robert (southern Amer-
New Bedford
Masurca French-built surface- ican—Master Robert)— Gen-
Master of Color Contrasts
to-air naval missile eral Robert E Lee
Bartolomé Esteban Murillo
Mata Hari Gertrud Margarete Marshall Plan President Harry
Master Composer R o b e r t
Zelle S Truman
Schumann
Mateo Boz Miguel Angel Cor- Martel Hawker-Siddeley in
Master of Disguises A l e c
rea’s pseudonym Britain and Matra in France
Guinness
The Material Girl M a d o n n a built this AS-37 missile
Master of Guerrilla Warfare
Toussaint l’Ouverture
Ciccione
Eponyms, Nicknames
Mato Tepee Devils Tower Na-
Melvin Douglas Melvyn Hes- tional Monument in north-
McGuffin filmmaker Alfred
selberg eastern Wyoming
Hitchcock’s term for a device
Member of the Unemployed Matriarch of Anthropology
that keeps a thriller’s plot in
Scottish socialist leader Keir Margaret Mead
motion
Hardie—founder of the Inde- Matsqui British Columbia’s
McGuffey Reader 1 9 t h - c e n -
pendent Labour Party (ILP) minimum-security facility for
tury reading primer named for
Memé Remedios narcotic addicts at Abbotsford
William McGuffey
Memphis Minnie Lizzy Dou- Matty the Great Christy Math-
McNamara’s War the Vietnam
glas ewson
War, named for Robert
Memphis Slim Peter Chatman Matty Van Martin Van Buren
Strange McNamara, former
Mencius Meng-tse Mauch Chunk Pennsylvania
United States Secretary of
Menckonaclast Henry L place now called Jim Thorpe
Defense
Mencken Kiskadden
Meal Ticket C a r l H u b b e l l
Mendelian genetics p r i n c i - Maureen Forrester Katherine
Maude Adams M a u d e
(baseball)
ples describing transmission Stewart
Meanie nickname for a mean
of genes from parents to off- Maureen O’Hara M a u r e e n
person
spring (for Gregor Johann Fitzsimmons
Meat-Packing Capital of the
Mendel: 1822–1884) Maurice Barrymore Herbert
World Chicago
Mecca of Deaf Culture G a l -
laudet University
Mendel’s law of independent
each pair of different charac- Mauritius Port Port Louis
Blythe
Mecca of Spain Santiago de
assortment of the genes
Compostela
ters in a hybrid union is inde- Max of Baden Maximilian Al-
Mauritanian Port Nouakchott
Mechanical Man Charlie Ge-
pendent of the other charac- exander Friedrich Wilhelm
ters von Hapsburg (1867–1929)
hringer (baseball player)
Media Prophet M a r s h a l l
McLuhan
Mendel’s law of the segrega-
containing both alleles in Maxim Gorki Aleksei Maxsi-
Max Brand Frederick Faust
tion of alleles hybrid peas Maxfield Parrish Fred Parrish
Medical Essayist Oliver Wen-
most of their cells form egg movich Peshkov
dell Holmes
and pollen cells that contain Maxim Litvinov Maxim Maxi-
Medina-Sidonia Alonso Pérez
either the dominant allele or movich Wallach
de Guzmán (Duke of Medina-
the recessive allele in equal Max Nordau Max Simon Süd-
Sidonia and admiral in com-
numbers feld
mand of the ill-fated Spanish
Armada defeated by Sir Fran-
Men of the East Sherpas of Max Pax Max, Prince von
cis Drake)
northern India and Nepal Baden (Maximilian Alex-
Medinat Yisrael ( H e b r ew —
Meniere’s disease sudden diz- ander Friedrich Wilhelm)—
State of Israel)
ziness, ear ringing, and vom- Germany’s last imperial
megacities very large city pop-
iting due to disturbance of the chancellor
ulations as in Tokyo, São
labyrinth Max Reinhardt M a x G o l d -
Paulo, New York City, Mex-
ico City, Shanghai, Bombay,
Menorca’s Principal Port
Port Mahón Max Stirner Johann Kaspar
mann
Los Angeles, Buenos Aires,
Mentor B e e c h c r a f t T- 3 4 Schmidt
Seoul, Beijing, Rio de Jan-
trainer aircraft Mayfair London’s residential
eiro, Calcutta, Jakarta to list
the first 13
Mentor to Parisian Intellectu-
als Théophile Gautier Mayor of Silicon Valley Rob-
district
Meister Der Meister (Ger-
Mercator Gerardus Mercator ert N Noyce, co-inventor with
man—the Master)—Johann
real name of this 16th-century Jack Kilby of the microchip
Wolfgang von Goethe
Flemish geographer is Ger- McAlester Ward Wo m e n ’s
Meister Raro Robert Schu-
hard Kremer Ward in the Oklahoma State
mann
Merchant of Death i n t e r n a - Penitentiary at McAlester
Melanchthon Philipp Schwarz-
tional arms contractor Sir Ba- McCain Sanatorium N o r t h
ert
sil Zaharoff Carolina Prison Sanatorium
Mel Brooks Melvin Kaminsky
Merchant of Menace Vincent at McCain
Mel Ferrer Melchor Gaston
Price McCarthyism sensationalist
Ferry y Cintron
Merchants of Death epithetic tactics and unsubstantiated
Melina Mercouri Maria Ama-
nickname applied to alcohol political attacks (named for
lia Mercouri
and tobacco vendors, arma- United States Senator Joseph
Melisande Melusina
ment makers, drug pushers, Raymond McCarthy, 1908–
melon wolf coyote
munitions makers, narcotics 1957)
The Melting Pot N ew Yo r k
traffickers, and others whose McClintock effect s y n c h r o -
City
business may result in the nized menstrual periods
Melvil Dewey Melville Louis
Kossuth Dewey
death of their customers
Eponyms, Nicknames
Merchants’ Haven C o p e n -
Metropolis of the United
Michael Angelo Titmarsh
Thackeray’s pseudonym meretricious traffic prostitu-
hagen, Denmark
States New York
Michael Arlen D i k r a n tion; white slavery
Metropolis of the World
London
Kuyumjian’s pseudonym
Meritorious Man of the Amer-
Michael Caine Maurice Jo- icas Benito Juárez
Metropolitan Museum of Art
seph Micklewhite Merle Oberon Estelle Merle
or Opera House in New York
Michael Curtiz M i c h a e l O’Brien Thompson
City
Kertesz; Mihály Kertész Merry Monarch Charles II of
Metropolitan City of the
Michael Fairless M a rg a r e t Great Britain also nicknamed
Anglican Communion
Fairless Barber Patron of Bawdy Houses
Canterbury
Michael Field Katherine Har- Mersenne primes prime num-
Metternich Prince Klemens
ris Bradley and her niece bers that fit the form 2 to the
Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar von
Edith Emma Cooper used this nth power minus 1 where n
Metternich - Winneburg —
pseudonym for their joint po- also is a prime number
Austrian statesman conven-
etic efforts (named for Marin Mersenne,
ing Congress of Vienna at end
Michael Innes J o h n I n n e s 17th-century French mathe-
of Napoleonic wars
Mackintosh Stewart matician)
Mexican Mexican apple (white
Michael Keaton Michael Dou- Mescalero Cessna T-41 trainer-
glas utility aircraft
sapote); Mexican ground cherry (tomatillo); Mexican
Michael Landon E u g e n e Mesopotamia ( G r e e k — B e -
hairless (dog used to herd cat- tle and keep ranchers com-
Orowitz tween Rivers)—land between
Michael Servetus M i g u e l the Euphrates and the Tigris;
pany in bed as its hairlessness
Serveto formerly Assyria, Babylonia,
makes it flealess and its body
Michael Tilson Thomas Mike and Sumeria but presently
temperature is higher than
Thomashefsky Iraq
ours); Mexican jumping
beans (inhabited by insect lar-
Michelangelo Michael Angelo
Mesopotamia’s Uncrowned
Queen Gertrude Bell
vae whose movements make
Buonarroti
Michel Auclair Michal Vujo- Messenger of the Gods H e r-
the beans jump about)
vic mes (Greek); Mercury (Ro- man)
Mexican Agrarian Reformer
Michéle Morgan S i m o n e Roussel Messenger of Mercy S w i s s
Emiliano Zapata
Michigan Ports Wy a n d o t t e , banker Jean Henri Dunant— founder of the Red Cross
Mexican Idealist Politician
and Revolutionary F r a n -
cisco I (dalecio) Madero
Rouge River, Detroit, Bay City, Saginaw, Alpena, Saulte
The Met Metropolitan Opera
Mexican mud deadly Mexi-
Ste Marie, Frankfort, Man- House—New York City Metallic Age when you have
can-made heroin, also called
black tar tootsie roll
istee, Ludington, Muskegon, Grand Haven, Holland, St Jo-
silver strands in your hair,
seph, Marquette copper pennies in your purse,
Mexican Muralists José Cle-
Mickey Mouse Walt Disney iron rust in your guts, and
mente Orozco, Diego Rivera,
Productions (Wall Street lead weights in your bottom
Davíd Alfaro Siquieros, and Rufino Tamayo
nickname)
Metaphysician of Modern
Mickey Mouse boots l a rg e Atheism Baruch Spinoza
Mexican National Composer
black rubber insulated boots Metastasio Pietro Antonio Do-
Carlos Chávez
originally developed for the menico Bonaventura Trapassi
Mexican Ports Tampico, Ver-
United States Army Meteor Gloster twin-engine jet-
acruz, Coatzacoalcos,
Mickey Rooney Joe Yule, Jr fighter aircraft
Frontera, Progreso; Salina
Mickey Spillane Frank Morri- Metroland portion of London
Cruz, Acapulco, Manzanillo,
son served by the Metro subway
San Blas, Mazatlan, Guay-
Micky M i c a e l a ; M i c h a e l ; system
mas, Santa Rosalia, Ensenada
Michelle Metropolis of America N ew
Mexican-Spanish M ex i c a n -
Mickyland Ireland York City
style Spanish enriched with
Microcosm of Canadian Life Metropolis of the Magic Val-
more than 50,000 Mexican-
London, Ontario ley Brownsville, Texas on
isms
Micronesia small islands of the the Rio Grande
Mexico’s Principal Port Vera-
Cruz
western Pacific also known as
Metropolis of the Missouri
the Trust Territory including Valley Kansas City
Meyerbeer Giacomo Meyer-
beer (adopted name of Jakob
the Federated States of Mi-
Metropolis of the South
cronesia, the Marshall Is- Mark Twain’s nickname for
Liebmann Beer)
lands, and Palau in the Caro- New Orleans
Meyer Lansky M a i e r S u -
chowljansky
lines as well as many very
Metropolis of the State of Ore-
small islands covering an area gon Portland
Miami Beach East Tel Aviv,
Israel’s nickname
as wide as the United States
Eponyms, Nicknames
Micro$loth Microsoft
Ming-Ming Immingham, En- Middle America C e n t r a l
Mighty Mstislav M s t i s l av
gland America, Mexico, and the
Rostropovich
Mining Baron Wi l l i a m A West Indies
Mihaly Munkacsy M i c h a e l
Clark Middle Atlantic States D e l a -
Lieb
Mining State Nevada ware, Maryland, New Jersey,
Mike Michael
Mini State Rhode Island New York, Pennsylvania,
Mike Nichols Michael Igor Pe-
Minnesota Port Duluth West Virginia
schkowsky
Minnie Minerva; Minneapolis; Middle Border Hamlin Gar-
Mike Wallace Myron Wallace
Minnesota lin’s nickname for the Amer-
Mildred Masters M i l d r e d
Kapilow
Minor Prophets of the Old
Testament H o s e a , J o e l , Middle Colonies New York,
ican Middle West
Mile-High or More-Than
Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, New Jersey, Pennsylvania,
Mile-High North American
Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Delaware
Cities B u t t e , M o n t a n a ;
Zephaniah, Haggai, Zacharia, Middle East area extending
Cheyenne, Wyoming; Colo-
Malachi from Afghanistan to Egypt
rado Springs and Denver,
Minstrel Composer J a m e s and including India, Iran,
Colorado; Flagstaff, Arizona;
Bland Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Syria,
Gallup, New Mexico; Mexico
Minuteman solid-fuel inter- Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Ku-
City; Santa Fe, New Mexico
continental ballistic missile wait, and the United Arab
Mile-Square City H o b o ke n ,
produced by Boeing Emirates
New Jersey
Minuteman III A m e r i c a ’s Middle Kingdom China
Miliano Emiliano Zapata
most advanced icbm in 1979 Middle Passage route of the
Minx of the Movies B e t t y slavers across the middle of
Military Alphabet Alfa, Bravo,
Charlie, Delta, Echo, Foxtrot,
Compson the Atlantic between West Af-
Golf, Hotel, India, Juliet,
Kilo, Lima, Mike, November,
Miracle of Fifth Avenue
Guggenheim Museum Middle States New York, New
rica and the West Indies
Oscar, Papa, Quebec, Romeo,
Miracle of Nature Q u e e n Jersey, Pennsylvania, Dela-
Sierra, Tango, Uniform, Vic-
Christina of Sweden ware, and Maryland
tor, Whiskey, X-ray, Yankee,
Mirage all-weather delta-wing Middletown Muncie, Indiana
Zulu
supersonic-jet ground-sup- Middletown title of Robert and
Military Space Capital of the
Free World United States
port interceptor built by Das-
sault in France (Mirage III) Helen Lynd’s study of cul-
Strike Command
Mirage IV a t o m i c - b o m b e r tural conflicts in Muncie, In-
Milk City Carnation, Wash-
diana
ington
version of the foregoing Mi- rage III
Middle West United States
Milk Moon full moon in May
Mischa (Russian nickname— from the Great Lakes to the
Michael)—Mike northern border of the Gulf
millionaire city a city with a
Mischa Auer M i s c h a O u n - States and from the western
population of a million or more
skowsky slopes of the Appalachians to
misfit river a river that appears the eastern slopes of the
Millionaire’s Captain Titanic
Captain Edward Smith
to be too small to have carved its valley
Rockies
Millie Mildred; Millicent
Midget City H a b a i a n i n h a ,
Miss Dimples Shirley Temple Brazil
millennium bug computer pro-
gramming glitch relating to
year 2000
Miss Emma morphine Missie Miss; Mississippi; Mis-
Midland Capital Birmingham,
sus; Mrs Midlands central England in-
England
Million-Acre Farm Prince Ed-
Missionary to the Lepers Fa- cluding counties of Bedford,
ward Island
ther Damien Buckingham, Derby, Leices-
Milton Berle M e n d e l B e r-
Mission City S a n A n t o n i o , ter, Northhampton, Notting-
linger
Texas ham, Rutland, Warwick
Milward Kennedy M i lwa r d
Rodon Kennedy Burge
Mississippi Fred McDowell
midlifers 35- to 55-year-old
Fred McDowell people also called the sand-
Mim Mimi; Miriam; Miryam
Mississippi John Hurt J o h n wich generation with respon-
(niah)
Smith Hurt sibilities for their children and
Mima Jemima
Mississippi Ports Pascagoula, elderly parents
Mimico Boys Mimico Correc-
Biloxi, Gulfport Mightiest of Rivers the Ama-
tion Centre (for males) in Tor-
onto, Ontario
Mississippi River Painter
zon
Mina Wilhelmina
George Caleb Bingham
Mighty Champion of Free-
Miss Nancy nickname for Will- dom Frederick Douglass
Mineral Storehouse of the
iam Rufus Devane King, thir- Mighty Mo battleship USS
Nation Canada’s Hudson
teenth United States vice Missouri
Bay area
Miners Nevadans
president
Eponyms, Nicknames
Miss New Orleans D o r o t h y
Monterey Jack David Jacks, Lamour’s title in 1931
Mojave Mojave Desert of Ari-
and the only native cheese of Miss Tarbarrel Ida M Tarbell
zona and California; Sikorsky
California whose production Mista Klemps conductor Otto
heavy helicopter designated
he controlled Klemperer
H-37
Montezuma’s Revenge d i a r- Mistress of Mystery A g a t h a
Molière Jean-Baptiste Poque-
rhea or dysentery nicknamed Christie
lin
for the last Aztec ruler of Mistress of the North t h e
Molière of Music André Grétry
Mexico; both ailments are Baltic Sea, Russia, and Swe-
also nicknamed the Curse of den
Moll Mary (slang); Molly
Cortez for the Spaniard who Mitch M i t c h e l l ; R i c h a r d
Molly Maria; Marie; Mary
conquered Mexico Mitchell
Molly Pitcher Mrs John Hays
Montgomery Camp F e d e r a l Mitchell B-25 Bomber named
also known as Captain Molly
Prison Camp at Montgomery, in honor of General William
because she took her hus-
Alabama Mitchell, who in 1925 was
band’s place as cannoneer
Monumental Intellectual John courtmartialed for criticizing
when he fell mortally
Locke the mismanagement of the
wounded at the Battle of
Monumental State Maryland aviation service in the U.S.
Monmouth—June 28, 1778
Monument City B a l t i m o r e , Army and Navy
Molotov V y a c h e s l av M i k -
Maryland Mitchellville Girls I owa
hailovich Skriabin
Monument to Slavery Berlin School for (delinquent) Girls
Mona Ramona
Wall (1961–1989) at Mitchellville
Monaco’s Only Port Monaco
moonchild(ren) person(s) born Mitya (Russian diminutive—
Monarch of the Mountains
under the zodiacal sign of Dmitri)
the elk
Cancer Mitzi Margaret
Monarchs of Marshes and
Moondog Louis Thomas Har- Mizzou Missouri
Swamps alligators, croco-
din mnemonic hormone va s o -
Moon Goddess Luna (Roman) pressin (reported to improve the memory if sniffed or
diles
Monarchy of Mount Everest
Nepal
whose Latin name means moon; Selene (Greek)
sprayed into each nostril ev-
moon rock mixture of crack ery day for three days)
Mondrian Piet Mondrian Cor-
and heroin Mockingbirds Arkansas citi-
nelis
Moor O t h e l l o ; T h e M o o r zens
Mongol Conqueror G e n g h i s
Khan (1162–1227)
(Dartmoor Prison)
Model of the Common Man
Moor Court prison for female Benjamin Franklin
Monk M a t t h ew G r eg o r y
offenders in Staffordshire, Model Republic Orange Free
(Monk) Lewis; Thelonious
England State
Monk
Moore’s law A semiconductor Model-T automobile once the
Monkey Trial Scopes Trial (in
chip’s computing power will world’s most popular vehicle
1925, John Scopes, a Tennes-
double every 18 months (for despite its handcranking
see science teacher, was tried
Gordon Moore) starter and its nickname— Tin
for having taught evolution;
he was prosecuted by William
Moralist of Psychoanalysis
Erich Fromm Modern Antigone M a r i a
Lizzie
Jennings Bryan and defended
Morand’s disease paresis af- Thérèse—daughter of Louis
by Clarence Darrow)
fecting the feet XVI
Monkey Ward Montgomery-
Ward
Moravian Capital Brno
Modernizer of Navigation
Moreton Bay Colony Queens- Lieutenant Matthew Fontaine
Monk Lewis pseudonym of
land Maury, USN
Matthew Gregory Lewis
monorail single-rail railway
Morgan Fairchild Patsy Mc-
Modern Liberal Social Philos-
opher José Ortega y Gasset
Monroe Doctrine oppose for-
Clenny morganization reorganization
Modern Mother of Presidents
of bankrupt railroads (after dents Grant, Hayes, Garfield,
eign attempts to gain influ-
Ohio—birthplace of Presi-
ence in the Americas (named
for James Monroe, fifth pres-
John Pierpont Morgan; 1837–
1913) Benjamin Harrison, McKin-
Morgan’s Raiders students of ley, Taft, Harding (see Mother
ident of the United States)
biologist Thomas Hunt Mor- of Presidents)
Monroe Doctrine President
gan Mogen David six-pointed star
James Monroe
Mormon City Salt Lake City on flag of Israel and in syna-
Monsieur de Paris (French—
Mormon’s Mecca Salt Lake gogues where it is called the
Mr Paris)—guillotine opera-
City, Utah Star of David
tor
Mormon Prophet Joseph Smith Mohair Capital Del Rio, Texas
Monte Carlo of Asia M a c a u ,
Mormon State Utah Mohammed Ali Cassius Clay
formerly Portuguese, territory
returned to China
Moroccan pasta couscous
Eponyms, Nicknames
Moroccan Ports Ta n g e r
Mother of Presidents Vi r- (Tangier), Kenitra, Casa-
Mother of Cities Bombay, ac-
ginia—birthplace of Presi- blanca, Safi, Agadir
cording to Kipling
dents Washington, Jefferson, Morrie Maurice; Morris
Mother of Civilized Cities
Madison, Monroe, William Morrison Girls Mount View
London
Henry Harrison, Tyler, Tay- (delinquent) Girls School at
Mother of the Civil Rights
lor, Wilson Morrison, Colorado
Movement Coretta Scott
King
Mother of Prison Reform
Morris Rosenfeld Moshe Ja-
Dorothea Lynde Dix cob Alter
Mother Earth the Greek God-
dess Gaea or Ge who, accord-
Mother of the Red Cross
Morris worm mid-1990s com-
Clara Barton puter virus that inspired
ing to mythology, arose out of
Mother of Rivers Ti b e t a n United States statutes against
chaos and in turn produced
Highlands; New Hampshire attacks on computer systems
the sea, the sky, and the
mountains; the Romans
Mother of Rivers and Waves
Morton’s disease metatarsal
Tethys, wife of the god neuralgia
called her Tellus or Terra and
Oceanus, and mother of the Moses of Her People Harriet
sometimes called her Vesta
rivers plus three thousand Tubman (c. 1820–1913)
Prisca
Oceanids—the waves Moskva (Russian—Moscow)
Mother of Exiles S t a t u e o f
Mother of Russian Cities Kiev —a Soviet class of antisub-
Liberty overlooking New
Mother of the Russians Mos- marine—warfare cruiser and
York’s former immigration
cow helicopter-carrier warship
stations at Battery Park and
Mothers of Believers t h e Moslem India Bangladesh and
Ellis Island
wives of Mohammed Pakistan
Mother of Feminine Psychol-
mother-ship smuggling o ff - Moslem Sultanate Oman f o r-
ogy Karen Horney
loading drugs at sea from merly Muscat and Oman
Mother of Ghosts the Roman
large ship to smaller ships, Mosquito Coast C a r i b b e a n
goddess of Death—Mania
then to pleasure boats coast of Honduras and Nica-
Mother Goose legendary au-
Mother of the Snows M o u n t ragua
thoress of children’s rhymes
Everest Mosquito State New Jersey
and stories
Mother State Virginia mother h o m o s ex u a l d o p e
Mother of Gospel Music
Willie Mae Ford Smith
Mother of Southwestern
pusher; madam of a brothel;
Statesmen Tennessee motherfucker
mother grain quinoa (Incan
grain)
Mother of Statesmen Virginia
Mother of American Kinder-
Mother of Storms Antarctica, gartens Susan Blow
Mother of Her Country
Queen Maria Theresa of Aus-
the Baffin Sea, the Bay of Bis-
Mother of the American
cay, the Caribbean, the Gulf Legion E r n e s t i n e S c h u -
tria
of Alaska, the Gulf of Mex- mann-Heink
Mother of Israel Golda Meir
Mother of the Japanese Novel
ico, the South China Sea, and
Mother of the American Red
the Tasman Sea Cross Clara Barton
Baroness Murasaki Shikibu
Mother of Texas Mary Long Mother Ann Shaker leader
(The Tale of the Genji)
mother tongue music (accord- Ann Lee
Mother Jones M a r y H a r r i s
ing to many great musicians, Mother of the Arts architec-
Jones
philosophers, poets, and ture
Mother Lake Leonora Marie
scholars) Mother of Balboa Park K a t e
Kearney Barry
Mother of Trusts S t a n d a r d Sessions, San Diego horticul-
Mother of Libraries Alexan-
Oil turist
dria, Egypt
Mother Maid T h e Vi rg i n
Motion Picture Capital of the
Mother of Believers Ayesha—
World Hollywood, Califor- Mohammed’s favorite wife
Mary
nia Mother Bickerdyke M a r y
Mother of Mathematics H y -
patia of Alexandria
Motion Picture Palace Poten-
Ann Bickerdyke
Mother of Modern Dance I s a -
tate Roxy (SL Rothafel)
Mother of Birth Control
Motor City Detroit Margaret Sanger
dora Duncan
Motor Town Detroit Mother Bloor E l l a R e eve
Mother of Mountains Nepal’s
Motown M o t ow n R e c o r d s Bloor
Mount Everest
(named for Mo’ Town— Mo- Mother Cabrini F r a n c e s
Mother of Muckrakers Ida M
tor Town: Detroit) Xavier Cabrini
Tarbell (see Father of Muck-
rakers)
Motown Sound rhythm and
Mother Carey’s chickens
blues, gospel and pop stormy petrels
Mother of Parliaments B r i t -
Mound City St Louis, Mis- Mother Carey’s geese f u l -
ish Parliament
souri mars or great white petrels
Mother of Pearl Cloud r a r e
high cloud formed in strato-
Mountain City Chattanooga,
Mother of Child Education
Tennesse Doctor Maria Montessori
sphere—delicate and irides-
cent after sunset
Mountain Devils Tasmanians
Eponyms, Nicknames
Mountain Division States Ar-
Mudheads Tennesseans izona, Colorado, Idaho, Mon-
Mr Electric Light T h o m a s
Mud Island San Diego’s South tana, Nevada, New Mexico,
Alva Edison
Bay Wildlife Preserve Utah, and Wyoming
Mr Gyrocompass Elmer Am-
Mudwaddler State M i s s i s - Mountain of Fire Etna, Vesu-
brose Sperry
sippi vius, or any other active vol-
Mr Helicopter Igor Sikorsky
Mudwaddlers Mississippians cano
Mr Klemps Otto Klemperer
Muggsy Francis (Muggsy) Mountain of the Lion S i e r r a
Mr Laser Charles Townes
Spanier Leone
Mr Linotype O t t m a r M e r-
Muhammad ( A r a b i c — T h e Mountain State West Virginia
genthaler
Praised)—Mahomet Mountain States A r i z o n a ,
Mr Long-Play Records Peter
Muhammad Ali Cassius Clay Colorado, Idaho, Montana,
Goldmark
Mr Moves C a m py R u s s e l l
Mule Capital of the World
Nevada, New Mexico, Utah,
and Wyoming Columbia, Tennessee
(basketball player)
Mountain of Tarik The Rock mullet thunder jumping mullet
Mr October Reggie Jackson
(fish) of Gibraltar named for the
(baseball player)
Multimedia Gulch S o u t h o f Mountain View Girls M o u n -
Mr Pilot Will Adams (nick-
Moorish chief Jabal Tariq
Market area in San Francisco tain View School (for juve-
named Anjim Sama by the
Mum City, U.S.A. B r i s t o l , nile-delinquent females) at
Japanese because of his
Connecticut Helena, Montana
knowledge of navigation and
shipbuilding)
Mr Pitiful Otis Redding
Munich Expressionist Wa s s -
Mountbatten of Burma AF
ily Kandinsky Admiral of the Fleet the Earl
Municipal Muckraker L i n - Mountbatten of Burma, KG
Mr Radio Lee De Forest
coln Steffens—author of The (better known as Lord Mount-
Mr Republican Robert A Taft
Shame of the Cities batten)—India’s last viceroy
Murihiku (Maori—End of the Mount Rainier Mount Tahoma
Mr Sam U.S. Senator Sam
Tail)—New Zealand’s south- towering over Tacoma, Wash-
Ervin; former Speaker of the
ernmost city on South Is- ington; Washington volcano
House Sam Rayburn (1882–
land—lnvercargill named for Rear Admiral Peter
murphy murphy bed (con- Rainier
Mrs Fletcher M a r i a J a n e
cealed-in-the-wall bed in- Mount Vancouver o n t h e
Jewsbury’s pseudonym
vented by William L Mur- Alaska-Yukon border (named
Mrs Grundy nickname for the
phy); nickname for an Irish or for explorer George Vancou-
imaginary self-appointed ar-
white potato as well as for a ver)
biter of morality and taste
confidence swindle Movie Capital H o l l y wo o d ,
Mrs Jack Isabella Stewart
Murphy’s Law If something California
Gardner
can go wrong, it will Movieland Hollywood, Cali-
Mrs Patrick Campbell s t a g e
name of Beatrice Stella Tan-
ner
Murrumbidgee River City
Canberra Mozambique Ports Moçcam-
fornia
Mr Television M i l t o n B e r l e
Musandam Musandam Penin- bique, Beira, Lourenço
(Mendel Berlinger)
sula on the Arabian Peninsula Marques
Mr UN Carlos P Romulo
Muscat and Oman f o r m e r Mozart Town Salzburg, Aus-
Mr Wireless Guglielmo Mar-
name of the Sultanate of tria—birthplace of Wolfgang
coni
Oman Amadeus Mozart
Mr X-Ray Wilhelm Roentgen
M-town Mertztown; Middle-
Muse of Astronomy and Celes-
Mr Automobile G o t t l i e b
tial Music Urania Daimler
town; Morgantown; Morris-
town
Muse of Comedy and Pastoral
Poetry Thalia Mr Color Television P e t e r
Mr B. Billy Eckstine
Muckraker of France É m i l e
Zolá whose anticlerical, anti-
Muse of Dancing and Choral
Singing Terpsichore Mr Common Sense T h o m a s
Goldmark
military, and antimonarchial
writings forced him to flee to
Muse of Epic and Heroic
Poetry Calliope, who ac- Mr Conservative B a r r y M
Paine
England
cording to Horace, could play Goldwater
Muckrakers American cru-
any musical instrument Mr Cub Ernie Banks
sader journalists David Gra-
Muse of Erotic Poetry Erato Mr Diesel Rudolf Diesel
ham Phillips, Charles Edward
Muse of History Clio Mr Dogpatch Al Capp (also
Russell, Lincoln Steffens,
Upton Sinclair, Ida M Tarbell
Muse of Lyric Poetry and
known as the Mark Twain of
Music Euterpe cartoonists or the sardonic
mud wet concrete
Mudcat(s) Mississippian(s)
Muse of Oratory, Rhetoric,
and Sacred Song Polyhym- Mr Dooley ( p s e u d o ny m —
cartoonist)
Mudcat State Mississippi
nia Finley Peter Dunne)
Muddy Waters M c K i n l ey
Morganfield
Muse of Tragedy Melpemone
Eponyms, Nicknames
Museum of Architecture
natural Prozac the herb St. Leningrad (also Petrograd or
Napoleon of the Women’s
John’s wort Saint Petersburg)
Rights Movement Susan B
Natural State Arkansas Museum Cities Padua, Venice,
Anthony
Narco nickname of the U.S.
nature’s own sleeping pill
tryptophan Museum Metropolis London,
Verona, and Vicenza
Public Health Service Hospi-
Nature’s Wonderland Iceland New York, and Paris
tal in Lexington, Kentucky
Naughty MacNaughton; Mc- Mushroomopolis Kansas City
where narcotics addicts are
treated
Naughton
Music Director of Europe
Naughty Nineties the 1890s Herbert von Karajan
Narco Saint Jesus Malverde, a
Nauru Islands Ports N a u r u Muskrats Delawareans
Robin Hood-style bandit
Atoll, Saipan, Tinian, Rota Musky Armando Moscaritolo
hanged in 1909 in Sinaloa,
Naval Person C h u r c h i l l ’s Muslim Century the 8th cen-
Mexico; venerated by Mexi-
can drug lords
Narragansett Bay State
cover name used when ad-
tury—the 700s when the
dressing Roosevelt—PO- Turkish crescent occupied the
TUS—President of the entire Hispanic Peninsula, the
Rhode Island
United States Levant, the Middle East, and
Narrow-Gauge Capital of the
Navarino Italian name for the even westernmost India
World Durango, Colorado
Narrow Land Between the
Mustang N o r t h A m e r i c a n
port of Pylos fighter aircraft F-51
Navel of the Nation B u t t e muttnik second Soviet satellite
Seas Panama
County, South Dakota (geo- launched in 1957; its astro-
Nashville Agrarians 1 9 2 0 s
Vanderbilt University literary
States including Alaska and naut was a mongrel dog
critics, poets, economists, and
graphic center of the United
historians
Myrna Loy Myrna Williams
sas (geographic center of the Mystere IV Dassault jet fighter
Nashville Girls Te n n e s s e e
Hawaii); Smith County, Kan-
forty-eight conterminous Mystere 20 Dassault twin-en-
Prison for Women at Nash-
built in France
ville
Navel of the World Easter Is- gine executive transport
Natacha Rambova Wi n i f r e d
states)
land according to its ancient Mysterious Billionaire Howard
Hudnut
Polynesian inhabitants Hughes
called the Falcon
Natalie Wood Natasha Gurdin
The Navigator Prince Hen- Mytilene Aegean island of
National Anthem City Balti-
more, Maryland
National Beverage of England
rique of Portugal (1394 to 1460)
Navigators’ Islands Samoa Is- Nadar Gaspard-Felix Tourna-
Lesbos
beer
Nabby Abigail
lands in the South Pacific chon (1820–1910)
National Pastime baseball in
Navigator’s Nightmare t h e Nail City Wheeling, West Vir-
America; cricket in Britain
National Poet of Norway
Bermuda Islands ginia
navy navy bean (small white Namby-Pamby 18th-century
Bjornstjerne Bjornson
bean); navy blue (dark blue); English dramatist-poet Am-
National Tity navalese for Na-
navy plug (tobacco) brose Philips
tional City, California
Nation of Gentleman S c o t -
land so named by King
Neapolitan Painter and Poet
Namibia modern name for
Salvator Rosa South-West Africa
George IV
Nation’s Capital District of
Nearly Impeached President
Nana Anna; Anne(tte); Mari-
Andrew Johnson, Richard M ana; Nanette; grandma
Columbia
Nixon Nannerl Maria Anna
Nation’s Front Yard The Mall
nebbies nembutal capsules Nanny State Singapore
in Washington, D.C.
Neddy Edgar; Edmund; Ed- Nanty Anthony
Nation of Shopkeepers E n -
ward; Edwin; Edwina; Na- Nanzig (German—Nancy)—
gland, according to Samuel
tional Economic Develop- French industrial center re-
Adams as well as Napoleon
ment Council’s nickname named by Hitler during World
Nation’s Hottest Town
Nederlanders Dutch men and War II
Quartzsite, Arizona where
women Napoleon Bonaparte N a p o -
July temperatures average
Needle Frank Gates (basketball leon I—Emperor of the
108°F (42°C)
player) French
Nation’s Icebox International
negawatts ability of a utility to Napoleon of Mexico General
Falls, Minnesota
harness efficiency instead of Antonio López de Santa Anna
Nation’s State District of Co-
hydrocarbons (1794–1876)
lumbia
Negri Negritude (literay move- Napoleon of Peace Louis Phil-
natural dog product of natural,
ment involving blacks) ippe
rather than human, selec-
Nel E l e a n o r ( a ) ; E l l e n ; Napoleon of Wall Street J Pier-
tion—mutt
Helen(a); Nelly pont Morgan
natural language of the deaf
American Sign Language
Nell Eleanor(e)
Eponyms, Nicknames
Nellie Nellie McClung (pro-
New France o l d n a m e f o r nounced McClue)—Cana-
Netherlands Principal Port
French Canada dian novelist and women’s
Rotterdam
New Frontier administration rights champion in the early
Netherlands Timor formerly
o f J o h n F Ke n n e d y — 1900s
the western half of Timor now
thirty-fifth President of the Nellie Melba H e l e n P o r t e r
an island of Indonesia
United States Mitchell
netizens Internet citizens
New Granada C o l o m b i a ’s Nello Emmanuel
Nettie Henrietta
original Spanish name— Nelly Eleanor(a); Ellen; Helen
Netty Henrietta
Nueva Granada Nelly Bly Elizabeth Cochrane
Net(ty) Antonia
New Hampshire Port P o r t s - Seaman
Never-Never N eve r- N eve r
mouth Nelson Algren Nelson Algren
Land (arid Australia)
New Holland old name for Abraham
Nevil Shute Nevil Shute Nor-
Australia discovered by nembies nembutal (sodium
way
Dutch navigators pentobarbital sedative hyp-
New Albion S i r F r a n c i s
New Jersey eagle b i g m o s - notics)
Drake’s name for what is now
quito nemish nembutal
British Columbia, plus the
New Jersey Ports We e - nemmies nembutal capsules
states of Washington, Oregon,
hawken, Hoboken, Jersey Nemo Guillaume; Guillermo
and California
City, Newark, Bayonne, Eliz- Neon Deion Sanders (football)
New Alcatraz nickname of the
abethport, Port Socony, Gras- Neopagan Eclectic Miguel de
maximum-security U.S. Pen-
selli, Cartaret, Chrome, Port Unamuno
itentiary at Marion, Illinois
Reading, Perth Amboy, South Neptune Lockheed P-2 anti-
New Amsterdam former name
Amboy, Leonardo, Camden, submarine and reconnais-
of New York City (Nieuw
Gloucester sance aircraft
Amsterdam)
New Jersey seashell t a m p o n Nequam Alexander Necham
The New Beirut Miami, Flor-
applicator Nerve Center of Alaska A n -
ida
New Munster old name for chorage
New Caledonia British Co-
New Zealand’s South Island Nessa Agnes
lumbia
New Netherlands o l d n a m e Nessie Agnes
New Colossus Statue of Lib-
for New York and parts of Nessie the Loch Ness mon-
erty’s sobriquet derived from
Connecticut and New Jersey ster’s nickname
the poem by Emma Lazarus—
New Prometheus I m m a n u e l Nesta Agnes
The New Colossus— pro-
claiming: “Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled
Kant’s nickname for Ben-
Nestor of American Botany
jamin Franklin who drew
William Darlington
lightning from the skies Abraham Jacobi
masses yearning to breathe
Nestor of American Pediatrics
free, the wretched refuse of
your teeming shore. Send
new scarlet letter herpes virus (type 1 characterized by lip
Nestor of Congregationalism
sores and type 2 by genital Leonard Bacon
these, the homeless, tempest- tossed to me. I lift my lamp
lesions) Nestor of Europe Leopold I of
New Spain New Jersey Belgium (1790–1865)
beside the golden door!”
New Deal administration of
New Sweden Sweden’s short- Nestor of the Rockies Kit Car-
Franklin Delano Roosevelt—
lived colony in and around son
thirty-second President of the
what is now Wilmington, Del- The Net Internet
United States
aware but once was called nethead a habitué of computer
New Deal President Franklin
Nya Sverige (New Sweden) networks
Delano Roosevelt
Newton of Electricity A n d r é Netherlands Antilles A r u b a ,
New Economy economy domi-
Marie Ampère Bonaire, Curaçao, Saba, Sint
nated by technology and com-
New Ulster old name for New Eustatius, and half of Sint
munications businesses
Zealand’s North Island Maarten
New Edinburgh on the Antip-
odes Dunedin, New Zealand
New World North and South
Netherlands East Indies
America former name of Indonesia
New England New England
New York cut p o r t e r h o u s e Netherlands Guiana D u t c h
boiled dinner (corned beef or
steak (with the bone and fillet Guiana or Suriname
ham with vegetables); New
removed) Netherlands Indies old name
E n g l a n d c l a m c h ow d e r
New York Persona New York of Indonesia
(clams, potatoes, milk, and
stock); New England pine
City Mayor Edward Irving
Netherlands New Guinea
Koch former name of West Irian
(white pine)
New York Ports Ogdensburg, now part of Indonesia
New England Mystic E m i l y
Oswego, Rochester Harbor, Netherlands Ports (see Dutch
Dickinson
Tonawanda, Buffalo, Albany, Ports)
New England of the West Min-
nesota
Kingston, Yonkers, Manhat-
Eponyms, Nicknames
tan, Brooklyn, Gulfport, Port
Nicolas Lenau Nikolaus Ni-
Nine Keepers of the Constitu-
Richmond, Mariners Harbor,
tion nine justices of the U.S. Stapleton, Tomkinsville
embsch von Strehlenau
Nicolino Nicoló Grimaldi
Supreme Court
New York State Barge Canal
nine old men nine justices of Erie Canal
Nidaros Trondheim’s former
name
the United States Supreme
New Zealand Commonwealth
Court (before women were New Zealand and its territo-
Nifty Fifty top 50 large-capital-
appointed) ries
ization growth stocks
Nineteenth State Indiana New Zealand Dominion N ew
Nigerian Ports Lagos, Bonny,
Ninon de Lenclos c o u r t e s a n Zealand and its territories
Port Harcourt, Douala
Anne Lenclos New Zealand Ports on North Island: Auckland, Gisborne,
Nightclub Aristocrat Artist
Ninth State New Hampshire Napier, Wellington, Wanga-
Henri Marie Raymond de
Toulouse-Lautrec
(see First State) nissen nissen hut (designed by
nui, New Plymouth, Dar-
Night of Glass Kristallnacht,
gaville; on South Island: Port
British military engineer P.N. N e l s o n , P o r t Ly t t e l t o n
Nov. 9, 1938, when Nazis
Nissen for arctic use) (Christchurch), Timaru,
rampaged across Austria and
Niteroi formerly Nictheroy Oamaru, Port Chalmers,
Germany breaking the win-
nitrate of soda sodium nitrate Bluff Harbour, Greymouth,
dows of homes, stores, and
(NaNO 3 ) Westport; plus smaller ports
temples belonging to Jews
Nitro Lew Lew Burdette such as Dunedin and Inver-
who were rounded up and de-
Nixon Doctrine u s e J a p a n , cargill
ported to concentration
camps
Iran, and South Africa to op-
New Zealand’s Garden City
pose communist influence in Christchurch
Nightingale C-9 McDonnell-
Douglas jetliner used for
their regions; for Richard M
New Zealand’s Principal Port
Nixon, thirty-sixth president Auckland
medical evacuation named in
of the United States Nguyen ( Vi e t n a m e s e — D y -
honor of Florence Nightin-
Nizhni Novgorod (ancient and nasty)
gale
modern name; called Gorki Niagara Frontier Buffalo-Nia-
Nightmare of Europe N a p o -
under Communist rule) gara Falls area
leon in the 1800s followed by
Noah Noah Webster (American Niagara Fruit Belt Canadian
Hitler in the 1900s
lexicographer) fruit-growing region on the
Night Mayor James J (Jimmy)
noble rot Botrytis cinerea (par- Niagara Peninsula between
Walker
asitic fungus or mold that at- lakes Erie and Ontario
Nikaria English place-name
tacks grapes but that in certain Nicaraguan Ports Cabo Gra-
for Marla island in the Aegean
climates produces great sweet cias a Dios, Puerto Cabezas,
Nike-Ajax Douglas surface-to-
white wines) Puerto Isabel, Bluefields, San
air missile (MIM-3A)
Noddy Nicodemus Juan del Norte (Greytown);
Nike-Hercules Douglas sur-
Noll Oliver; Olivera; Oliver San Juan del Sur, Puerto
face-to-air missile armed with
Cromwell—Lord Protector of Masachapa, Puerto Somoza,
a high-explosive or nuclear
England Corinto
warhead (MIM-14A)
Nolly Oliver; Olivera Nicholas Blake C(ecil) Day
Nike-Zeus one in a series of
Nome State Nome State Jail at Lewis’ pseudonym
American-made anti-missile
Nick Carter J Russell Coryell Nome, Alaska nickel note $5 bill
missiles
Nora Eleanora Nickel-plated Paradise nickel-
Nik-Nik affectionate nickname
for the Royal Shakespeare
Noratlas Norad 45-passenger
rich New Caledonia (Nou- transport aircraft made in
Company’s production of The
velle Calédonie) France
Life and Adventures of Nicho-
Nickel Plate Road New York, Nordic Danish, Finnish, Ice- Chicago, and St Louis Rail-
las Nickleby by Charles Dick-
landic, Norwegian, Swedish road Company
ens
people or things Nicky and Alicky Czar Nicho-
Nikolaus Lenau ( p s e u d -
Norfolk Norfolk coat or Nor- las II and Czarina Alexandra
onym—Nikolaus Franz Ni-
folk jacket (made with fore- Feodorovna of Russia—the
embsch von Strehlenau)
and-aft box pleats, big pock- last of the Romanov Czars
Nicky Nicholas; Nicole; Nick-
ets, and a belt, first produced Nicolas Copernicus N i ko l a y
erson; Nikerson
in England’s Norfolk county) Kopernik
Nile River Cities Cairo, Egypt
Normalcy nickname for War- Nicolas-Favre disease l y m -
and Khartoum, Sudan
ren G Harding who advocated phogranuloma venerea in-
nimbies nembutal tablets
“a return to normalcy” volving inguinal lymph
Nimrod H aw ke r- S i d d e l ey
Norman N o r m a n T h o m a s glands and characterized by
four-engine jet transport
(American socialist leader) an exuding lesion
Nina Ann; Anna; Anne; An-
nette
NORMY Norman Douglas
Eponyms, Nicknames
Norse God of Thunder Thor,
Nueva Granada ( S p a n i s h — whose Roman counterpart is
Norwegian N o r w eg i a n
New Granada)—Spanish co- Jove or Jupiter
elkhound (dog originally bred
lonial province comprising North North Sea between
for hunting elk and other
Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, northern Europe and the Brit-
game); Norwegian saltpeter
and Venezuela ish Isles
(calcium nitrate)
Norwegian Expressionist E d -
Nuk (Greenlandic Eskimo—
North America’s Largest
Point)—formerly called Country Canada
vard Munch
Godthaab (Good Hope) by North Baltic Nation Estonia
Norwegian Ports K i r ke n e s ,
the Danes and still the capital North Britain Scotland
Vadso, Vardo, Honningsvaag,
H a m m e r f e s t , Tr o m s o ,
on the pointed peninsula on the southwest coast of Green-
North Carolina Ports Wi l m -
Harstad, Svolvaer, Narvik, Bodo, Mo, Mosjoen, Trond-
land ington, Wrightsville
heim, Thamshamn, Kristian-
Number-One Host of the Jer-
North Cuba Miami, Florida
sund, Harosund, Molde, Ul-
sey Coast A t l a n t i c C i t y,
Northern Ireland’s Principal
New Jersey Port Belfast
steinik, Alesund, Vaksdal,
Bergen, Odda, Haugesund,
Nuoli Finnish depth-charge and
Northernmost American
mine-laying patrol boat Town Point Barrow, Alaska
Stavanger, Egersund, Fle-
armed with 20mm and 40mm Northern Rhodesia Zambia’s
kkefjord, Kristiansand, Grim-
guns former name
stad, Arendal, Tvedestrand,
Nutmegs Connecticuters Northern Way Norway
Langesund, Brevik, Porsgrun,
Nutmeg State Connecticut Northland Riviera Sweden’s
Larvik, Sandefjord, Tonsberg,
Nuuk correct name for Green- summer beach on the Gulf of
Horten, Drammen, Oslo,
land’s capital—Gothab Bothnia and the Polar Route
Moss, Sarpsborg, Frederiks-
Nyasaland o l d n a m e f o r North River H u d s o n R ive r
tad, Halden
nose candy cocaine for sniff-
Malawi
(Battery to 59th Street on Nye Aneurin New York waterfront)
ing
NZedder(s) [ E n - z e d - d e r ( s ) ] North Sea Canal Amsterdam
nose paint alcohol (whose pro-
longed use breaks the arteri-
New Zealander(s)
Ship Canal O Oprah Winfrey
oles of the skin and leaves a
Oak City Raleigh, North Caro- North Side North Side of any
reddened nose)
lina city or place
nose powder a powdered drug
Oakhill Vi rg i n i a h o m e o f North Slope Alaska north of-
such as cocaine, any of sev-
James Monroe the Brooks Range
eral hallucinogens, or heroin
Oakie migratory farm worker North Star Minnesota
when snorted
or sharecropper from Okla- North Star City St Paul, Min-
Nostradamus Michel de Nos-
homa nesota
tradame also called Michel de
Oasis City R o s w e l l , N ew North Star State Minnesota
Notredame
Mexico North Western Line Chicago
Novalis Friedrich Leopold von
Obediah Skinflint ( p s e u d - and North Western Railway
Hardenberg
onym—Joel Chandler Harris) Norumbega historian John
Nova Scotia Girls N ova
Oberon British class of diesel Fiske’s name for what is now
Scotia School for (delin-
submarines New York City (see Norvegia)
quent) Girls at Truro
Objectivist Poet William Car- Norumbegaland New York to
November witches fierce No-
los Williams Nova Scotia including New
vember storms on the Great
Lakes
Ob River City Novosibirsk,
England Siberia
Nuclear Falcon Hughes air-to-
Norvegia (Italian—Norway); Occam’s razor What can be
air missile also called Super
(Latin—Norway)—appears done with few assumptions is
Falcon
on early maps of the east done in vain with more (for-
Nuclear-Power Admiral H y -
mulated by William of Oc- coast of North America over
man George Rickover, USN
cam, 1285–1349) an area extending from the
Nuestra Familia (Spanish—
The Ocean The Atlantic, Ant- Bay of Fundy to Florida and
O u r Fa m i l y )— H i s p a n i c
arctic, Arctic, Indian, or Pa- known for its Norse viking
prison gang
cific Ocean explorations and settlements
Nuestra Señora de los Dolores
Oceania islands of central and in pre-Columbian times;
de las Vegas ( S p a n i s h —
southern Pacific sometimes spelled Norvega
Our Lady of the Sorrows of
Ocean Personified O c e a n u s or Norbegia as well as
the Lowlands)—former and
(Roman); Okeanos (Greek) Norumbega
somewhat prophetic name of
Las Vegas, Nevada
Ocean State Rhode Island
Norway’s Most Popular Sculp-
Oder-Neisse Line rivers form- tor Adolf Gustav Vigeland
Nueva España ( S p a n i s h —
ing boundaries between Ger- Norway’s Principal Port Oslo
New Spain)—Spanish colo-
nial name for Mexico
many and Poland
Eponyms, Nicknames
Odetta Odetta Holmes
Old Chapultepec G e n e r a l Offenbach Jacques Offenbach
duced during DNA synthesis
Winfield Scott whose victory (adopted name of Jakob Levy
(named for Reiji and Funeko
at Chapultepec ended Mexi- Eberst)
Okazaki)
Okie Oklahoma; Oklahoman
can War in September 1847
Offshore Capital of the World
Old Chief Henry Clay Aberdeen, Scotland—home
Okie City O k l a h o m a C i t y,
Old Coat Hanger Melbourne- port of many offshore oil ex-
Oklahoma
originated nickname for the ploration rigs
Oklahoma’s Yodeling Cow-
Sydney Harbour Bridge offshore China nationalist Re-
boy Gene Autry
Old Colony Massachusetts— public of China headquar-
Olav Hunger King Olav I of
founded in 1620 tered on Taiwan
Denmark
Olav the Stout Olav Harolds-
Old Corndrinking Melliflu-
Ogden Ogden Nash (American
ous William Faulkner, ac- humorist)
son
cording to Ernest Hemingway O Henry William Sydney Por-
Olav Tryggvesson King Olav I
The Old Country w h e r eve r ter
of Norway, Sweden, and Den-
anyone or their family origi- Ohio Ports Conneaut, Ashtab-
mark
nated—especially if in Eu- ula, Fairport, Cleveland, Lo-
The Old King Grom of Den-
rope rain, Huron, Sandusky, To-
mark (860–935)
Old Country Lawyer Senator Sam Ervin of North Carolina Ohio’s Beautiful Capital C o -
Old Abe Abraham Lincoln
ledo
Old Ace of Spades L i e u t e n -
ant General Robert E Lee,
Old Creepy bank robber-bur-
glar Alvin Karpis Ohio Valley Ohio, West Vir-
lumbus
CSA
Old Aches and Pains L u ke
Old Curmudgeon Harold Le ginia, Kentucky, Indiana, and
Claire Ickes Illinois
Appling (baseball player) Old Andy Andrew Jackson—
Old Denmark General Chris- Oil Baron John D Rockefeller
seventh President of the
tian Febiger, USA oil of ben fine lubricant ex-
United States
Old Dirigo Maine whose state tracted from seeds of Arabian
Old Bay State Massachusetts
motto is Dirigo (Latin—I di- tree called Moringa oleifera
Old Beeswax Captain Raphael
rect) oil of cade juniper oil
Semmes, CSN
The Old Doctor Andrew Tay- oil cake cottonseed, linseed, or
Old Billie Brigadier General
lor Still, who developed oste- soybean mass used for cattle
William Tecumseh Sherman,
opathy feed after oil is extracted
USA
Old Dominion Virginia— old- Oil Capital of Canada Edmon-
Old Blighty n i c k n a m e f o r
est English colony in Amer- ton, Alberta
London before air-pollution
control
ica—founded in 1607
Oil Capital of the Rockies
Old Dorp n i c k n a m e o f Casper, Wyoming
Old Blood and Guts General
George S Patton, USA
Schenectady, New York
Oil Capital of the United
Old East East Asiatic Com- States Tulsa, Oklahoma
Old Blue Eyes Frank Sinatra
pany Oil City Bartlesville or Tulsa,
Old Bory G e n e r a l P i e r r e
Old Economy industrial, retail Oklahoma
Gustave Toutant de Beaure-
and financial firms Oil Dorado n o r t h w e s t e r n
gard, CSA
Old Faithful geyser in Yellow- Pennsylvania in the Oil
Old Brown of Osawatomie
stone National Park; spouts City—Titusville area
abolitionist John Brown
about every 67 minutes oilies oilskin coats; oilskin gar-
Old Bruin Commadore Mat-
Old Four Legs coelacanth ments
thew C Perry—father of the
Old Fox Clark Griffith (base- Oil Islands Chagos Archipel-
steam navy of the United
ball player) ago in the Indian Ocean just
States Navy
Old French Town N ew O r- north of Diego Garcia
Old Buck Admiral Franklin
leans oil of mirbrane nitrobenzene
Buchanan; President James
Buchanan
oil of palm b r i b e ( s ) ; p a l m
eral Winfield Scott, USA grease
Old Buena Vista General Za-
Old Fuss and Feathers G e n -
chary Taylor who attacked
Old Gib Gibraltar Oil Province Alberta
Mexicans at Buena Vista in
Old Glory the American Flag Oil State Pennsylvania
February 1847; later was
Old Greasy West Virginian oil of vitriol concentrated sul-
twelfth President of the
nickname for the Kanawha furic acid (H 2 SO 4 )
United States
River or K’naw oil of wintergreen methyl sali-
Old Bullion Thomas Hart Ben-
Old Guard conservatives; Na- cylate
ton
poleon’s imperial guard who Okazaki fragments small dis-
Old Cape Stiff Cape Horn
made the last charge at Wa- continuous strands of deox-
Old Catawba fictitious name
terloo; the establishment yribonucleic acid (DNA) pro-
Thomas Wolfe assigned
North Carolina
Old Harry (the devil)—Satan
Eponyms, Nicknames
Old Hickory General Andrew
Old West American West be- Jackson—seventh President
Old Pam Lord Palmerston
fore it was settled during the of the United States
(Henry John Temple)
19th century Old Iron Pants V y a c h e s l av
Old Party W(illiam) Somerset
Old World Africa, Asia, and Molotov (1890–1986)
Maugham
Europe Old Ironsides USS Constitu-
Old Peg Leg Petrus Stuyve-
Old Zach Zachary Taylor— tion
sant—director-general of
twelfth President of the Old Jeb M a j o r G e n e r a l
New Amsterdam and the New
United States J(ames) E(well) B(rown) Stu-
Netherlands
Ole Olaf(sen); Olav(sen) art, CSA
Old Pretender James Francis
Oleander City G a l ve s t o n , Old Jefferson Joseph Jeffer-
Edward Stuart (son of King
Texas son
James II)
Old Professor Casey Stengel
Oleander City by the Sea
Old Joe slang nickname for
(baseball player)
syphilis
Old Providence island in the
Galveston, Texas
Ole Bull Ole Bornemann Bull Old Kinderhook Martin Van
Colombian West Indies off
Ole Miss Old Mississippi (The Buren—eighth President of
the Caribbean coast of Nica- ragua
University of Mississippi) the United States
Old Lady the boss; mother;
Olive Fremstad O l iv i a wife
Old Pueblo Tucson, Arizona
Old Put General Israel Putnam
Rundquist
Old Lady of Eagle Bridge
Oliver Hardy Oliver Norvell Grandma (Anna Mary Rich-
Old Reliable Tommy Henrich
Hardy ardson) Moses of Eagle
Old Roman Charlie Comiskey
Oliver Optic pseudonym of Bridge, NY
(baseball player)
Old Rosey General William
William Taylor Adams
Old Lady of the Thames
Ollie Olive(r) London
Starke Rosecrans
Old Rough-and-Ready G e n -
Ol’ Man River M i s s i s s i p p i
Old Lady of Threadneedle
River Street Bank of England
eral Zachary Taylor—twelfth
Ol’ Miss O l d M i s s i s s i p p i Old Lady White a ny p ow -
President of the United States
(nickname of river, state, or dered narcotic
Old Salamander A d m i r a l
university) Old Legal Lion Clarence Dar-
David Glasgow Farragut
Ol’ Mo Old Missouri (the great row
Old Sarum Salisbury, England
river) Old Line State Maryland
Old Scratch Satan
Omani Ports Masquat (Mus- Old Lion Joshua Nkomo
Old Sol the sun (see Sun God)
cat) and Matrah Old Man the boss; the captain;
Old South southern United
States before 1865
Omar Sharif Omar Cherif,
father; the skipper Omar Michel Shalhoub Old Man Eloquent Isocrates
Old Spanish Trail Saint Au-
one-armed bandits slot ma- in the opinion of Milton; John
gustine, Florida to San Diego,
chines Quincy Adams in the opinion
California; Gulf Coast and
Mexican Border route to Cal-
One-Armed Man of Lepanto
of the Congress he served af-
Miguel de Cervantes ter being sixth President of
ifornia Old Sparky Florida’s electric
Only Town in the U.S. with an
the U.S.
chair Old Swamp Fox B r i g a d i e r
Apostrophe in Its Name
Old Man of Ferney Vo l t a i r e
Coeur d’Alene, Idaho who lived in Ferney, France
General Francis Marion, USA
Old Tecumseh General Will-
onyx marble alabaster
Old Man of the Mountain
Oom Paul (Afrikaans—Uncle New Hampshire’s Profile
iam Tecumseh Sherman,
Paul)—sobriquet of Stepha- Mountain—the Great Stone
USA
n u s J o h a n n e s Pa u l u s Face
Old Three Stars General US
Kruger—leader of Boer re- Old Man of the Rhine Ko n -
Grant, USA
bellion and president of rad Adenauer
Old Thumb Buster Colt .41-
Transvaal Old Man River the Missis-
caliber revolver
Opener of Japan Commodore sippi
Old Tippecanoe General Will-
Matthew Calbraith Perry, Old Manse Nathaniel Haw-
iam Henry Harrison—ninth
USN thorne’s house in Concord,
President of the United States
Operation Keelhaul A l l i e d Massachusetts
Old Ugly .45-caliber pistol
policy of returning escaping Old Nick (the devil)—Niccolo
Old Vic Royal Victoria Hall in
anti-communists to their Machiavelli’s diabolic sobri-
London
homelands quet; Satan
Old Viking Norwegian-Ameri-
Opium Eater T h o m a s D e Old Noll Old Oliver Cromwell
can labor leader Andrew Fu-
Quincey Old North State North Caro-
ruseth
Opium Kingdom any country lina
Old War Skule L o u i s i a n a
where the opium poppy is Old Ossawatomie John Brown
State University, formerly
Louisiana State Seminary
cultivated for use in making
Eponyms, Nicknames
heroin (Bolivia, Burma, Co-
Ouida pseudonym of Marie lombia, Ecuador, Laos, Mex-
oriental topaz yellow corun-
Louise de la Ramée ico, etc.)
dum
Ouragan ( F r e n c h — H u r r i - Opium Land poppy fields of
Orient Express fa m e d
cane)—Dassault single-en- the Golden Triangle or north-
Paris-to-Istanbul train; hyper-
gine jet fighter plane eastern Burma, northern
sonic jet designed to fly at 25
Our Crowd New York City’s Laos, and northern Thailand
times the speed of sound to
carry passengers from Wash-
German-Jewish elite
Opium’s Golden Triangle
Our Gracie Gracie Fields (cre- opium-growing fields be-
ington to Tokyo in two hours
ated Dame Commander of the tween borders of Cambodia,
Orient’s Cleanest City S i n -
Order of the British Empire Laos, and Vietnam
gapore
after years of entertaining Oppenheim’s disease congeni-
Original Glamour Girl Theda
many millions of Britons and tal lack of muscular develop-
Bara (Theodosia Goodman)
others around the world) ment of the ankles and feet
also called Queen of the Vam-
pires in the early days of
Our Lady of the Harbour
Oppie Oppenheim(er); J(ulius)
nickname of the Statue of Robert Oppenheimer
American motion pictures
Liberty Oprah Oprah Winfrey
Orinoco River City C i u d a d
Our Lady of the Snows K i - Oracle of Omaha Warren Buf-
Bolivar, Venezuela
pling’s nickname for Canada fett, chairman of Berkshire
Oriole Maryland’s state bird
our wayward sisters Confed- Hathaway
and symbolic nickname of
erate States Orange Bowl Miami, Florida
Marylanders—Orioles
Outer Banks North Carolina’s orange flag potential danger
Orion Lockheed P-3 antisub-
sand-dune islands separated signal
marine and patrol aircraft
from the mainland by Albe- Orange Irish P r o t e s t a n t s ;
Orizaba Citialtepetl (Mexico’s
marle, Croatan, Pamlico, and orig., followers of William of
highest volcano)
Bogue sounds Orange
Orlando di Lasso Roland de
Lassus
Orangemen P r o t e s t a n t s o f
Orwell’s Year 1984
Outer China Mongolia, Sinki- ang, Tibet
Northern Ireland; orig., fol-
Outer City metropolitan area lowers of William of Orange
Oscar Wilde O s c a r F i n g a l
surrounding Peking’s Inner Florida, and Texas
O’Flahertie Wills (also used
Orange States C a l i f o r n i a ,
the anonym: C.3.3.)
Oskar Werner J o s e f
city
Orator of the American Revo-
Outer Mongolia The Mongo- lution Patrick Henry
lian People’s Republic for- Orator Jim J i m O ’ R o u r ke
Bschliessmayer
Oslo modern name for Chris-
merly called Mongolia
Outer Ring English counties (baseball player)
tiania or Kristiania
adjacent to London Iowa also called Porkopolis
Osloenser native of Oslo
Orchard City B u r l i n g t o n ,
Oslo Fjord formerly Kristiania
Fjord
Outpost of the British Empire
nickname given to any remote Orchard of Ireland C o u n t y
of Iowa
British settlement Armagh
Ossie Oswaldtwistle, England
Ossining-on-Hudson f o r-
merly Hunter’s Landing or
Outpost of the West the Phil-
Orchid Capital of Hawaii
ippines Hilo
Outside a ny w h e r e o u t s i d e The Orchid Island Hawaii
Sing Sing
Alaska Orchid Set in the Sea S u -
Ossip Gabrilovich
Salomonovich Gabrilovich
Overthrust Belt Rocky Moun- lawesi (Celebes)
Ostend Manifesto President
tain gas-and-oil lands Oregon Girls Wi s c o n s i n
Ovid Roman poet Publius Ovi- School for (delinquent) Girls
Franklin Pierce
Other Side of the Herring
dus Naso at Oregon
Pond British nickname for
Owen Meredith Edward Rob- Oregon Ports Empire, Coos
America
ert Bulwer-Lytton’s pseud- Bay, Astoria, Portland
O-town Our Town
Ottawa Convention U n i t e d
onym
Organist-Medical Missionary
owlsville London’s post-mid- Dr Albert Schweitzer
Nations treaty banning anti-
night nickname or any other oriental amethyst purple co-
personnel land mines
place after midnight rundum
Otter De Haviland utility air-
Owl Without a Vowel B i l l oriental anesthesia acupunc-
craft (DHC-3 in Canada, U-I
Mikvy (basketball player) ture
A in U.S.)
Oyashio (Japanese—Father oriental emerald green corun-
Ottoman Empire t h e o l d
Current)—cold Okhotsk Cur- dum
Turkish Empire extending at
rent Oriental Republic E a s t e r n
its height from Iran to Mo-
Oyster Center Apalachicola, Republic of Uruguay
rocco, including the Balkans,
Florida (República Oriental del Uru-
parts of Hungary and south-
Oyster(s) Marylander(s) guay)
ern Russia as well as much of
Spain; Turkish Empire
Oyster State Maryland
Eponyms, Nicknames
Ozark Ike Gus Zernial (base-
Palestrina Giovanni Pierluigi ball player)
Pacific War Japan’s involve-
da Palestrina Ozark State Missouri
ment in World War II begin-
Palgrave Francis Meyer Cohen Ozzie Aussy; Australian; Os-
ning with the Manchurian In-
Palladian windows semicircu- born(e); Oscar; Oswald(o)
cident in 1931 when Japan
lar windows divided into Pablo Neruda Neftali Ricardo
invaded China
small sections, named for An- Reyes
Paco Pancho (Francisco)
drea Palladio, 16th-century Pablo Picasso Pa b l o D i eg o
Pac-8 Conference Pa c i fi c - 8
Italian architect José Francisco de Paula Juan
Conference consisting of
Palma Vecchio palette name of Nepomuceno Crispin Crispi-
University of California (Ber-
Jacopo Negreti ano de la Santísima Trinidad
keley), Oregon, Oregon State,
University of Southern Cali-
Palm Coast F l o r i d a ’s e a s t
Ruiz y Picasso coast from Daytona to Jack-
fornia, Stanford, University
Paca Francesca sonville
of California at Los Angeles,
University of Washington,
Pachuco (Mexican-American-
Palm Springs of Washington
state Yakima ism—El Paso, Texas)—also
Washington State University
Palmerston Henry John Tem- called Pachucolandia
Pac-10 Conference Pacific-10
ple, Viscount of Palmerston Pacific Bitch navalese for Pa-
Conference
Palmetto City C h a r l e s t o n , cific Beach, San Diego, Cali-
Paddie(s) Irish person(s)
South Carolina fornia
Paddy an Irishman; Patrick
Palmetto(s) South Carolin- Pacific Canada B r i t i s h C o -
Paddyland Ireland
ian(s) lumbia and the Yukon Terri-
Padre de Independencia (Span-
Palmetto State South Carolina tory
ish—Father of Indepen-
palm oil bribe(s) Pacific Coast Province B r i t -
dence)—José Marti—Cuban
patriot, poet, and soldier
Pamphleteer for American
Independence T h o m a s Pacific Coast States Califor-
ish Columbia
Padrone of the Pedernales
Paine nia, Oregon, Washington
Lyndon B Johnson
Panama Panama hat (made Pacific Commonwealths A u s -
Paganini of the Double Bass
from finely plaited young tralia and New Zealand and
Giovanni Battesini; Serge
palmlike leaves) their territories
Koussevitzky
Panama Canal Ports B a l b o a Pacific Crest Trailways f o r
Paganini of the Guitar
(Pacific terminus) and Cris- hikers, historians, and natu-
Fernando Sors, Andres Seg-
tóbal (Caribbean terminus) ralists—includes John Muir
ovia
Paganini of the Plains J u a n
Panama Canal President
Trail—extends from Canada
Theodore Roosevelt to Mexico through Washing-
Reynoso
Panama red high-grade mari- ton, Oregon, and California
Paget’s disease bone distortion
or cancer of the nipples of
juana grown in Panama and
Pacific Division States
the Canal Zone Alaska, California, Hawaii,
women
Painted Desert petrified for-
Panama’s Principal Ports
Co1ón, Cristóbal, Panamá Pacific Dominions A u s t r a l i a
Oregon, and Washington
mations and colorful rock de-
City, Balboa, and Puerto Ar- and New Zealand and their
posits on desert floor of north-
muelles territories
eastern Arizona
Panama turkey i g u a n a t a i l Pacific Northwest Alaska to
Painter of Japanese Prosti-
meat California, includung the
tutes Kitagawa Utamaro
Pancake lee small, thin, circu- Yukon, British Columbia,
Painter of Light Joaquin So-
lar cakes of ice that form on Washington, and Oregon
rolla de Bastida
Painter of Prostitutes H e n r i
a sea’s surface as it begins to
freeze Pacific Ocean Eden G a l á p a -
Marie Raymond de Tou-
gos Islands Pancho Francisco; native nick-
louse-Lautrec
name for Valparaiso, Chile Pacific Paradise Hawaii
Pakistan’s Principal Port
Pancho Villa Doroteo Arango Pacific Province British Co-
Karachi
Pandemonium South Pacifiic lumbia
Palatinate southwest German
nickname for New Hebrides Pacific Rim Japan, South Ko-
districts once ruled by counts
islands British-French Con- rea, China, Taiwan, the Phil-
palatinate of the Holy Roman
dominium ippines, Malaysia, Hong
Empire and referred to as
Panhandle Southeast Alaska Kong, Singapore and other
Oberpfalz or Rheinpfalz
Panhandle States F l o r i d a , Pacific nations associated
Palau Pelew (Pacific islands in
Maryland, Oklahoma, Texas, through trade
Caroline area)
West Virginia Pacific States Alaska, Wash-
Paleontologist Priest P i e r r e
Pantaleone patron saint of ington, Oregon, California,
Teilhard de Chardin
Venice; nickname for an Ital- Hawaii
Palestinian Salt Sea the Dead
Sea
ian taxpayer or for a Venetian
Eponyms, Nicknames
Panther Grumman single-en-
Patriarch of Ferney Vo l t a i r e gine single-seat naval fighting
Parkinson’s law wo r k ex -
who lived from 1758 to 1778 aircraft
pands so as to fill the time
in Ferney, France now called Papa Bach Johann Sebastian
available for its completion
Ferney-Voltaire in his honor Bach
Park Maker Frederick Law
Olmsted
Patriarch of the Gold Indus-
Papa Bok Jean Bedel Bokassa,
try Nicholas Deak feared former President of
Parlour Panther New York Re-
view of Books
Patriarch of the Modern Con-
sumer Movement R a l p h Papa Doc Haiti’s former dicta-
Central African Republic
Nader tor François Duvalier
Parmigianino Francisco Mas-
suoli
Parrish blue blue favored by il-
Patriarch of New England
Papa Haydn F r a n z J o s e p h
John Cotton Haydn
Patriarch of Philosophy B e r- Papaji Hariwansh Lal Poonja
lustrator Maxfield Parrish
trand Russell Pappas Papadmitropoulos
Parrot’s disease syphilitic in-
fantile paralysis (named for a
Patriarch of Puerto Rico Luis
Pappies Papists Muñoz Marfn
French physician—Jules
Marie Parrot)
Papua New Guinea’s Principal
Patriarch of the West the Pope Port Port Moresby
Parry’s disease exophthalmic
Patricia Wentworth Dora Amy
Paquita Francisca (Frances) Elles Dillon Turnbull’s Paracelsus T h e o p h r a s t u s
goiter
pseudonym Bombastus von Hohenheim
Pas de Calais (French—Cal-
Patrick O’Brian R i c h a r d Paradise of New England Sa-
ais Strait)—also called Dover
Patrick Russ lem, Massachusetts
Strait
Patriot Financier Robert Mor- Paradise of the Pacific H a -
Paso del Calais ( S p a n i s h —
ris waii
Calais Strait)—Dover Strait
in the English Channel
Patriot of the Piano P o l i s h
Paradox of South America
patriot-pianist-premier Ig- Paraguay—an affluent mili-
Passionate Pilgrim John Bun-
yan
nace Jan Paderewski
Patriot Printer of 1776 Will- tary dictatorship
Passionate Skeptic B e r t r a n d
Paraguay River City A s u n -
iam Bradford ción
Russell
Pastoral God Pan
Patron of Bawdy House E n -
gland’s King Charles II, the Asunción
Pat Patricia; Patrick
Merry Monarch Paraiba old name of Joao Pes-
Paraguay’s Principal Port
Patron of Explorers H e n r y soa, Brazil
Patau syndrome genetic syn-
drome resulting in malforma-
tion of organs (for Klaus Pa-
the Navigator (Dom Henrique o Navegador)—Prince of Por-
Paramilitary Paradise Pa r a -
tugal guay
tau)
Patron Saint of Abandoned Parched Heart of Australia
Pathetic Peter P y o t r I l y i c h
Children Jerome Emiliani Alice Springs, Northern Ter-
Tchaikovsky whose composi-
tions are soaked in sorrow
Patron Saint of Accountants
Matthew Parchman Mississippi State
ritory—The Alice
Pathfinder M a j o r G e n e r a l
Patron Saint of Actors Gene- Penitentiary at Parchman
John C Frémont, USA
sius Pareto’s law income distribu-
Pathfinder of the Seas M a t -
thew Fontaine Maury
Patron Saint of Air Travelers
Joseph of Cupertino to remain constant
tion in a given economy tends
Path of Gold Market Street,
San Francisco
Patron Saint of All Who Work
Paris Expressionist Henri Ma-
with a Hammer Cloud tisse
Pathmaker of the West J o h n
C Frémont
Patron Saint of Alpinists
paris green copper acetoarse-
Bernard of Menthon nite (poison)
Patience and Fortitude
Mayor LaGuardia’s nick-
Patron Saint of Altar Boys
Parisian Italian Luigi Carlo
John Berchmans Zenobio Salvadore Maria
name for the couchant lions
flanking the steps of the New
Patron Saint of American
Orchards John (Johnny Ap- Paris of North America M o n -
Cherubini (1760–1842)
York Public Library
pleseed) Chapman tréal Parkbench Philosopher B e r-
Patland Ireland
Rosa de Lima Park City Bridgeport, Con-
Pat Nixon Thelma Catherine
Patron Saint of the Americas
nard Baruch
Patricia Ryan Nixon (1912–
Rene Goupil necticut
Patron Saint of Anesthetists
Patriarca de la Independencia
Patron Saint of Angina Suffer-
Parkinson’s disease n e r vo u s
ers Swithbert tremors accompanied by
(Portuguese—Patriarch of In-
dependence)—Brazil’s José
Patron Saint of Architects
muscular weakness and rigid-
Thomas, Apostle ness; also called palsy, paral-
Bonifacio de Andrada e Silva
Patriarch of American Labor
Patron Saint of Armenia
ysis agitans, or the shakes
George Meany
Gregory the Illuminator
Eponyms, Nicknames
Patron Saint of Artillerymen
Patron Saint of Bridgebuild-
Patron Saint of Dancers
Barbara
ers Benedict
Vitus
Patron Saint of Astronomers
Patron Saint of Brushmakers
Patron Saint of Dentists
Apollonia Patron Saint of Athletes S e -
Dominic
Anthony
Patron Saint of Builders Bar-
Patron Saint of Desperate
Situations Jude Patron Saint of Austria S ev -
bastian
bara and Vincent Ferrer
Patron Saint of Bullfighters
Patron Saint of Diseases of the
Breast Agatha Patron Saint of Authors Fran-
erino
Virgen de la Macarena (also
Patron Saint of Seville)
Patron Saint of Domestic Ani-
cis de Sales
Patron Saint of Butchers
mals Anthony
Patron Saint of Aviators, Por-
Patron Saint of Domestic ters, Seafarers, and TraveIl-
Hadrian
Workers Zita ers Christopher
Patron Saint of Cab Drivers
Fiacre
Patron Saint of the Dominican
Patron Saint of Bakers Eliza-
Republic Dominic beth of Hungary
Patron Saint of Cabinetmak-
ers Anne
Patron Saint of Druggists
Patron Saint of Bankers Mat-
James the Less thew
Patron Saint of Canada
Patron Saint of Dyers Ly d i a Patron Saint of Barbers C o s -
Anne
and Maurice mas, Damian
Patron Saint of Candlemak-
ers Ambrose
Patron Saint of Dying B a r-
Patron Saint of Barren
bara Women Felicity
Patron Saint of Canonists
Raymond of Peñafort
Patron Saint of Dysentery Suf-
Patron Saint of Bavaria K i l -
ferers Matrona ian
Patron Saint of Carpenters
Joseph
Patron Saint of Earthquakes
Emygdius Patron Saint of Belgium J o -
Patron Saint of Beggers Giles
Patron Saint of Catechists
Charles Borromeo
Patron Saint of Ecologists
seph
Patron Saint of Catholic
Francis of Assisi
Patron Saint of Black Missions
Patron Saint of Editors J o h n in North America B e n e -
Action Francis of Assisi
Bosco dict the Moor
Patron Saint of the Catholic
Patron Saint of Emigrants Patron Saint of Blacksmiths
Press Francis de Sales
Francis Xavier Cabrini Dunstan
Patron Saint of Charitable
Patron Saint of Engineers Patron Saint of the Blind
Societies Vincent de Paul
Francis III Raphael
Patron Saint of the Chase
Patron Saint of England Patron Saint of the Blind and
Hubert
Edward the Confessor or St the Near Blind Clara
Patron Saint of Childbirth
Gerard Majella
George
Patron Saint of Bloodbanks
Patron Saint of Children
Patron Saint of Epilepsy
Januarius
Nicholas of Myra, also known
Vitus
Patron Saint of Boatmen
as Santa Claus—derived from
Patron Saint of Eucharistic
Julian the Hospitaler
the Dutch, Sant Nikolaas
Congresses Paschal Baylon
Patron Saint of Bookbinders
Patron Saint of Choirboys
Patron Saint of Expectant
Peter Celestine
Dominic Savio
Mothers Gerard Majella
Patron Saint of Book Collec-
Patron Saint of the Church
Patron Saint of Eye Trouble
tors Jerome (credited with
Lucy compiling the Latin Bible)
Joseph
Patron Saint of Falsely Patron Saint of Bookkeepers
Patron Saint of Clerics G a b -
Accused Raymond Nonna- Matthew
riel
Patron Saint of Clothiers
tus
Patron Saint of Booksellers
Blaise
Patron Saint of Farmers
Isadore Patron Saint of Borneo Fran-
John of God
Patron Saint of Comedians
Vitus
Patron Saint of Fathers of Fam-
cis Xavier
Patron Saint of Confessors
ilies Joseph
Patron Saint of Boy Scouts
John Nepomucene
Patron Saint of Finland
Henry of Uppsala Patron Saint of BraziI P e t e r
George
Patron Saint of Convulsive
Children Scholastica
Patron Saint of Firemen
of Alcantara
Patron Saint of Cooks
Florian
Patron Saint of Brewers and
Lawrence and Martha
Patron Saint of Fishermen
Pawnbrokers Nicholas of
Andrew Myra—the prototype of Santa
Patron Saint of Coppersmiths
Maura
Patron Saint of Flagpole Sit-
Claus
Patron Saint of Cripples
ters Simon of Stylites
Patron Saint of Bricklayers
Vitus
Patron Saint of Florists
Stephen
Patron Saint of the Dance
Therese of Lisieux
Patron Saint of Brides
Vitus, according to Washing-
Patron Saint of Foresters
Nicholas of Myra
ton Irving
John Gualbert
Eponyms, Nicknames
Patron Saint of Founders
Patron Saint of Interracial
Patron Saint of Motorists
Barbara
Justice Martin de Porres
Christopher
Patron Saint of Freethinkers
Patron Saint of Invalids
Patron Saint of Mountaineers
Chapman Cohen of London
Roch
Bernard
Patron Saint of French Attor-
Patron Saint of Italy Francis
Patron Saint of the Movies
neys Ives
of Assisi, Catherine of Siena
John Bosco
Patron Saint of Funeral Direc-
Patron Saint of Music Cecilia tors Joseph of Arimathea
Patron Saint of Jewelers
Patron Saint of Nailmakers Patron Saint of Gardeners
Eligius
Cloud Dorotea
Patron Saint of Journalists
Patron Saint of Navigators Patron Saint of Gardens
Francis de Sales
Brendan of Ireland Dorotea
Patron Saint of Jurists J o h n
Capistrano
Patron Saint of the Nether-
Patron Saint of Girls Agnes
lands Willibrord Patron Saint of Glasgow Mu-
Patron Saint of Laborers Isa-
dore
Patron Saint of Norway
ngo
Patron Saint of Lawyers and
Olav
Patron Saint of Glassworkers
Thieves Nicholas of Myra
Patron Saint of Notaries
Luke
Patron Saint of Librarians
Mark
Patron Saint of Goldsmiths
Patron Saint of Nurses Agatha Dunstan
Jerome
Patron Saint of Lighthouse-
Patron Saint of Orators John
Patron Saint of Gravediggers
Chrysostom Anthony
keepers Dunstan
Patron Saint of Greetings Patron Saint of Orphans
Patron Saint of Lithuania
Jerome Emiliani Valentine
Casimir
Patron Saint of Grocers Patron Saint of Painters
Patron Saint of Locksmiths
Patron Saint of Lost Articles
Patron Saint of Hairdressers
Patron Saint of Paris Genev- Martin de Porres
Anthony of Padua
ieve
Patron Saint of the Hard of
Patron Saint of Lovers
Patron Saint of Parish Priests
Hearing Ovidius
Valentine
Jean-Marie-Baptiste Vianney
Patron Saint of Hatters
Patron Saint of Maidens
Patron Saint of Pawnbrokers
Severus of Ravenna
Catherine of Alexandria
Nicholas of Myra
Afflicted with Coughs and Patron Saint of Headache Suf-
Patron Saint of Haymakers
Patron Saint of Malta Paul
Patron Saint of Persons
Colds Judas ferers Teresa of Avila
Gervase
Patron Saint of Mariners
Michael
Patron Saint of Persons Patron Saint of Heart Patients
Patron Saint of Married
Women Monica
Afflicted with Hydropho-
John of God
Patron Saint of Medical Record
bia Hubert
Patron Saint of Hernias and
Librarians R a y m o n d o f
Patron Saint of Persons
and Snake Bites Sebastian Druon
Ruptures Drogo, according
Penyafort
Afflicted with Insect Stings
to believers who also call him
Patron Saint of Medical Tech-
Patron Saint of Persons Con- Patron Saint of Hispanic Amer-
nicians Albert the Great
demned to Death Dismas ica Our Lady of Guadalupe
Patron Saint of the Mentally
Ill Dymphna
Patron Saint of Peru Rosa de
Patron Saint of Hospital
Lima Administrators F r a n c i s
Patron Saint of Merchants
Nicholas of Myra
Patron Saint of Pharmacists
Xavier Cabrini
Patron Saint of Messengers
James the Greater
Patron Saint of Hospital Dieti-
Gabriel
Patron Saint of Physicians
cians Martha
Patron Saint of Metalworkers
Luke
Patron Saint of Hospital Phar-
Patron Saint of Pilots J o s e p h macists Gemma Galgani
Eligus
Patron Saint of Mexico
of Cupertino
Patron Saint of Hospital Pub-
Virgin of Guadalupe
Patron Saint of the Plague
lic Relations Paul
Patron Saint of Midwives
Roch
Patron Saint of Hospitals
Raymond Nonnatus
Patron Saint of Plasterers
Camillus de Lellis
Patron Saint of Millers
Bartholomew
Patron Saint of Hotelkeepers
Patron Saint of Poets Cecilia Julian the Hospitaler
Victor
Patron Saint of Missions
Patron Saint of Poland Cune-
Patron Saint of Housework-
gunda ers Anne
Francis Xavier
Patron Saint of Policemen Patron Saint of Hunters
Patron Saint of Mississippi
Michael Hubert
Eudora Welty
Patron Saint of the Poor Patron Saint of Impossible and
Patron Saint of Monaco
Anthony of Padua Desperate Cases R i t a o f
Devota
Patron Saint of Mothers
Patron Saint of Porters
Cascia
Monica
Christopher
Eponyms, Nicknames
Patron Saint of Postal Workers
Patron Saint of Spain S a n t i -
Patron Saints of Ailments of
Gabriel
ago de Compostela (St James
the Eyes Clare and Lucy
Patron Saint of Preachers
the Greater), Teresa of Avila
Patron Saints of Artists
John Chrysostom
Patron Saint of Speleologists
Catherine of Bologna, Luke
Patron Saint of Pregnant
Benedict
Patron Saints of Bohemia
Women Margareta
Patron Saint of Stenogra-
Wenceslaus, Ludmilla
Patron Saint of Printers
phers Cassian of Tangiers
Patron Saints of Canada
Genesius
Patron Saint of Stonecutters
George and Joseph
Patron Saint of Prisons
Clement
Patron Saints of Cancer Vic-
Joseph Cafasso
Patron Saint of Students
tims Michael; Peregrine
Patron Saint of Prisoners
Laziosi Barbara
Thomas Aquinas
Patron Saint of Tailors Ho-
Patron Saints of Chile Santi-
Patron Saint of Public Rela-
ago (James), Virgen del Car- tions Bernardino of Siena
mobonus
Patron Saint of Tanners
men
Patron Saint of Radiologists
Crispin
Patron Saints of Denmark
Michael
Patron Saint of Tax Collectors
Ansgar and Canute
Patron Saint of Radio Work-
Matthew
Patron Saints of Doctors
Cosmas and Damian Patron Saint of Retreats I g -
ers Gabriel
Patron Saint of Teachers
Patron Saints of France D e - natius Loyola
Gregory the Great
Patron Saint of Telecommuni-
nis, Our Lady of the Assump-
Patron Saint of Rheumatics
tion, Joan of Arc, Therese Gervasius
cations Workers Gabriel
Patron Saints of Germany Patron Saint of Rheumatism
Patron Saint of Television
Boniface and Michael Affliction James the Greater
Clare of Assisi
Patron Saint of Theologians
Patron Saints of Greece
Patron Saint of Russia A n -
Andrew and Nicholas drew whose cross adorns the
Alphonsus Liguori
Patron Saint of Toothaches
Patron Saints of Housewives
flag of Imperial Russia
Apollonia of Egypt
Anne; Martha
Patron Saint of Saddlers
Patron Saint of Travellers
Patron Saints of Hungary
Blessed Virgin—Great Lady Patron Saint of Sailors Elmo
Crispin
Christopher
Patron Saint of Troubled Par-
of Hungary and Stephen
Patron Saint of Scholastic Insti-
ents Monica
Patron Saints of Ireland
Patrick, Brigid, Columba Patron Saint of Scotland An-
tutions Thomas Aquinas
Patron Saint of the United
States Our Lady of the Im-
Patron Saints of Lawyers
drew
maculate Conception, accord-
Genesius, Ivo, Thomas More
Patron Saint of Sculptors
ing to Roman Catholics
Patron Saints of Moravia
Claude
Patron Saint of Universities
Cyril and Methodius
Patron Saint of Secretaries
Contardo Ferrini
Patron Saints of Morticians
Genesius
Patron Saint of Uruguay Our
Dismas and Joseph of Ari-
Patron Saint of Seminarians
mathea Charles Borromeo
Lady of Lujan
Patron Saints of Philosophers Patron Saint of Shepherds
Patron Saint of Vocations Al-
Justin, Catherine Drogo
phonsus
Patron Saint of Wales David
Patron Saints of Poland C a -
Patron Saint of Shoemakers
simir, Florian, Stanislaus Crispin
Patron Saint of War Prisoners
Patron Saints of Portugal Patron Saint of the Sick
Leonard
Anthony Padua, Francis Camillus de Lellis
Patron Saint of Watchmen
Peter of Alcantara
Padua, George, Vincent
Patron Saint of Silversmiths
Patron Saint of the West
Patron Saints of Scholars
Brigida; Gregory Patron Saint of Singers C e -
Dunstan
Indies Gertrude
Patron Saint of Widows
Patron Saints of Schoolteach-
ers Gregory the Great and Patron Saint of Skaters L i d -
cilia
Paula
John Baptist de la Salle wina
Patron Saint of Winegrowers
Vincent
Patron Saints of Scotland
Patron Saint of Skiers B e r-
Andrew and Columba nard
Patron Saint of Wine Mer-
Patron Saints of Stonemasons Patron Saint of Skin Diseases
chants Amand
Barbara; Stephen Marculf
Patron Saint of Writers Lucy
Patron Saints of Surgeons Patron Saint of Social Justice
Patron Saint of Yachtsmen
Cosmas, Damian, Luke Joseph
Adjutor
Patron Saints of Sweden Patron Saint of Social Work-
Patron Saint of Youth A l oy -
Eric, Bridget ers Louise de Marillac
sius Gonzaga
Patron Saints of Theologians Patron Saint of the Sore
Patron Saints of Advertisers
Alphonsus Liguori and Au- Throat Blaise
Barnardine of Siena, John
Berchmans
gustine
Eponyms, Nicknames
Patron Saints of Weavers
Pearl of the Sharon Netanya, Anastasia; Paul the Hermit
Pavel Ivanovich Jones J o h n
Paul Jones (when he served as
Israel
Patron Saints of Victims of
rear admiral commanding
Pearls of the Pacific 7,000 Phil-
Abusive or Unfaithful Hus-
ippine islands; Honolulu, Pago bands Blessed Anna Maria
Russia’s Black Sea fleet for
Pago, Papeete Taigl, Blessed Margaret of
Catherine the Great)
Pearls of the South Seas Ta - d’Youville, Blessed Paola
p-bills personal-computer coun-
hiti, Tonga, Samoa, and other Gambera-Costa, Saint Eliza-
terfeit currency
South Sea islands beth of Portugal, Saint Gode-
P’burg Philipsburg, Montana
Peasant Bard Robert Burns lileve, Saint Monica, Saint
Peacefield Quincy, Massachu-
Peasant Breughel P i e t e r Rita of Cascia
setts home of John Adams
and his son John Quincy Ad-
Breughel the Elder
Patron Saints of Victims of
ams
Peasant with a Pen Eric Link-
later’s nickname Blessed Eustochium of
Peace Garden State N o r t h
Peck’s Bad Boy pseudonym of Padua, Blessed Sibyllina Bis-
Unmarried Parents
Dakota
George W Peck cossi, Saint Briget of Ireland
Peacekeeper LGM 118 inter-
continental ballistic missile
Pecos Bill General William Shafter, USA
Patron of Science P t o l e m y
Peacemaker William Penn peace pill pcp, phencyclidine
Pecos Wilderness eastern New (Claudius Ptolemaeus)
Mexico and West Texas Patroon Stephen Van Rensse-
Peach Bowl Atlanta, Georgia
(nothern New Mexico east of laer’s nickname
Peach Capital of British
Santa Fe to the Rio Grande Patry Williams pseudonym of
Columbia Penticton
above Del Rio, Texas) M Patry and D Williams (En-
Peach State Georgia
The Peerless Leader F r a n k glish writers)
Peacracker(s) n a t ive ( s ) o f
Chamice (baseball) Patsy Cline Virginia Patterson
Lowestoft
Peetie Wheatstraw Wi l l i a m Hensley
Peanut Capital of Alabama
Bunch Patti Page Clara Ann Fowler
Dothan
The Peg Winnipeg, Canada Patton U.S.-made M-47 or
Peanut City Suffolk, Virginia
Peggy Margaret M-48 medium tanks armed
Peg Leg Petrus Stuyvesant. with 90mm guns
Peanut King Amadeo Obici
who organized the Planters
Dutch governor of Nieuw Patty Martha; Patience; Patri-
Peanut Company in 1906
Amsterdam, who lost his cia
Pear City Medford, Oregon
right leg in the siege of Sint Paul VI G i ova n n i B a t i s t a
Pearl of the Adriatic D u -
brovnik, Croatia
Maarten
Peg Leg Howell Joshua Barnes Montini
Howell Paulina; Pauline; Paulita
Pearl of the Antilles Cuba
Paula Pa u l c e l a ; Pa u l e t t e ;
Pearl of the Atlantic Madeira
Pearl of the Baltic Bornholm
Peg-Leg Sam Arthur Jackson Pelican Louisiana’s state bird
Paul Bunyan’s Capital
and symbolic nickname often Brainerd, Minnesota
Island, Denmark
given Louisianians—Pelicans Paul Celan Paul Ancel (1920–
Pearl Buck P e a r l S y n d e n -
Pelican State Louisiana 1970)
stricker
Pearl of the Chilean Paciric
Pen of the American Revolu-
Paul Creston J o s e p h G u t -
tion Thomas Paine toveggio
Viña del Mar
Penang (Malay—Betel Nut)— Paul Éluard Eugéne Grindel
Pearl Gulf Arabian Gulf, Per-
formerly called George Town (1895–1952)
sian Gulf
when British Malaya Paulette Goddard M a r i o n
Pearl of Ireland Saint Brigit
Pence Springs West Virginia Levy
Pearl Island of the Caribbean
State Prison for Women at Paul Horiuchi C h i K a m a s a
Margarita, Venezuela
Pearl King Mikimoto Kokichi
Pence Springs
Horiuchi Pencil of Nature photography
(Japanese who discovered the
Paul Klenovsky Sir Henry J Penguin Ron Cey (baseball
secret of creating cultured
Wood’s pseudonym used player)
pearls)
when he presented his orches- Peninsula Portugal and Spain
Pearl of the Lagoons A b i d -
Peninsular Malaysia States of tral arrangement of Bach’s
jan, Ivory Coast
the Federation of Malaysia Toccata and Fugue in D mi-
Pearl of the Orient Sri Lanka
(Federated Malay States also nor; pupil of Alexander Gla-
(Ceylon)
known as Malaya) zunov
Pearl of Persia Isfahan
Peninsula State Florida Paul Lukas Pal Lukacs
Pearl and Petroleum Sheik-
dom El Qatar on the Persian
Penmen of the Revolution
Paul Muni Muni Weisenfre-
John Dickinson of Dover, und
Gulf
Delaware, Thomas Jefferson, Paul Vesey Samuel W Allen’s
Pearl of the Planet Black Sea
and Tom Paine pseudonym
Pearl S Buck Mrs Richard J
Walsh
Pennie Penina
Eponyms, Nicknames
Pennsylvania named for Will-
Peter McGill ( A m e r i c a n iam Penn’s father
Persian cat (long-haired
slang—Pedro Miguel)— Pan- Pennsylvania Farmer J o h n
breed); Persian lamb (young
ama Canal Locks near Balboa Dickinson’s pseudonym
lamb of karakul sheep); Per-
Peter Mennin Peter Mennini Pennsylvania Ports Erie, Phil-
sian melon (greenish musk-
Peter Mikhailov pseudonym adelphia. Chester, Marcus
melon)
of Peter the Great, which he Hook
Persian Gulf States Bahrain,
Qatar, and the United Arab
used while travelling and
Pennsylvania of the West
working in Dutch shipyards Missouri
Emirates
Peter Pan of Politics Winston Penny Penelope
Personification of Death Tha-
Churchill Penobscot River City Bangor,
natos (Greek)—whose
Peter and Paul St Peter and St Maine
brother was Hypnos or sleep
Paul island fortress-prison on Peony Indiana state flower; In-
Personification of the Destroy-
the Neva facing Saint Peters- diana girl’s nickname
ing Principle Siva
burg Peony Center Faribault, Min-
Personification of Justice (see
Peter Pindar Dr John Wolcot nesota
Justice Personified)
Peter Porcupine William Cob- People of the Lion S i n g h a -
Personification of the Preserv-
bett’s pseudonym lese of Ceylon
ing Principle Vishnu
Peter Principle in a hierarchy. People’s Lawyer A s s o c i a t e
Personification of Sleep Hyp-
every employee tends to rise Justice Louis Dembitz Bran-
nos (Greek)—whose brother
to his level of incompetence deis of the Supreme Court of
was Thanatos or death
Peter Warlock Philip Arnold the United States
Personification of the Soul
Heseltine People’s Poet Paul Lawrence
Psyche in the Greek mythol-
Petit Caporal (French—Little Dunbar
ogy
Corporal)—Napoleon I People’s Princess Diana, Prin-
Persuasive Evolutionist T h o -
Petrarch Francesco Petracco cess of Wales
mas Henry Huxley
Petr Makadonski (Russian— Peory Peoria, Illinois
Perugino Piero Vannucci
Pepe José (Joseph)
Peru’s Principal Port Callao
Peter the Great)—Peter Alek- seyvich
Pepita Josefa; Josefina
Petrograd (Russian—City of Pepper Jimmy Austin (baseball player)
Peruvian Peruvian balsam
used by chocolate makers,
doctors, and perfumers; Peru-
Peter)—place-name during socialist revolution of Febru-
Pepper Coast Liberia
ary 1917 and communist Perce Persival; Percy Percy Percival
vian bark (cinchona) Peruvian Ports Iquitos on the
Amazon’s headwaters; Ta-
takeover in following Novem- ber; called Leningrad after
Percy Grainger George Percy
death of Lenin until Septem- Grainger Père-Lachaise Pa r i s ’ b e s t
lara, Callao, Matarani, Mol- lendo, Ilo, Pisco, Chimbote,
and Salaverry
ber 1991, when replaced by the original Saint Petersburg
known cemetery and generic
Petroleum Emirate Kuwait eponym for other burial
Pesach Hebrew Passover
Petroleum V Nasby D av i d places
Pessimistic Composer Gustav
Mahler (nicknamed Gloomy
Ross Locke’s pseudonym
Perfector of Opalescent Glass
Petya (Russian nickname— Louis Comfort Tiffany
Gus by some music lovers)
Pyotr)—Peter Peripatetic Philosopher Aris-
Pessimistic Painter Hierony-
Pewee Kentucky Correctional totle
mus Bosch
Institution at Pewee Valley Peripatetic Pope John Paul II
Pessimistic Philosopher
Peyronies’s disease (see bent- perks nickname for percodan
Arthur Schopenhauer
nail syndrome) permatemps permanent tempo-
Pesthole of the Pacific Pa n -
Peyton Place Gilmanton, New rary workers (who go from
ama City, Panama; Buenaven-
Hampshire one temporary job to another)
tura, Colombia; Guayaquil,
p funk synthetic heroin Pernambuco old name of Rec-
Ecuador
Phantom F-4 fighter airplane ife, Brazil
Pete Herman Peter Gulotta
Pharaoh’s Curse diarrhea Pero (Russian—pen)—Trotsky
(boxer)
phd poor, hungry, driven nickname because of his skill
Peter Arno Curtis Arnoux Pe-
ters
Philadelphia Jack O’Brien
Joseph Hagen (boxer) Perry Como Pierino Como
in writing revolutionary tracts
Peterhouse St Peter’s College
Philadelphia Lawyer Andrew Perse Percival; Percy
(Cambridge)
Hamilton, Philadelphia attor- Pershing Martin surface-to-
Peter Lorre Laszlo Loewen-
ney who in 1734 and 1735 surface missile (MGM-31A)
stein
successfully defended New Persia ancient name for Iran
Peter Lynch factor a d d e d
York printer Peter Zenger Persian Persian blinds (exte-
value that a good manager
whose newspaper criticized rior blinds); Persian carpet
may bring to a mutual fund
British colonial policy in (handwoven oriental rug);
Peter Martyr Pietro Martin
d’Anghierra’s pseudonym
America—Zenger had been
Eponyms, Nicknames
unsuccessful in getting a New
Pieter Timmerman (Dutch— York lawyer to take his case;
Photo Reporter M a rg a r e t
Peter Carpenter)—pseud- an attorney who will defend a
Bourke-White
onym used by Peter the Great case others are afraid to touch
Phrasemaker of Versailles
of Russia while working as a Philadelphia Painter Thomas
Woodrow Wilson—twenty-
shipwright in Dutch ship- Eakins
eighth President of the United
yards Philander von der Linde J o -
States
Pig Alley Place Pigalle hann Burkhard Mencke
Phronie Sophronia
pig iron slag iron, named for Philidor François Andre Dani-
Phyllis Diller Phyllis Driver
alignment of iron on ground can
Physician to the Body Politic
that looked like piglets suck- Philippine Ports Aparri, Port
Émile Zolá
ling a sow Legazpi. Cavite, Manila,
Physician Extraordinary S i r
Pig Islander New Zealander Poro, Masbate, Tacloban,
William Osler
(Australian slang) Cebu, Iloilo, Davao, Zam-
Physician’s Physician J a c o b
pig’s ear (Cockney English— boanga, Ozamiz, Isabela, Jolo
Mendez Da Costa
Philippines Principal Port
Pianist’s Pianist Richard Buh-
beer)
lig
Pilgrim of the Most Illustrious
Waves Caspian Sea sturgeon, Philipp Melanchthon Philipp Schwarzerd
Manila
Piano Legs Charles Hickman
(baseball player)
according to Ovid
Pillars of Hercules promonto- Philistine Temptress Dalila _
Pickle Works n i c k n a m e o f
ries flanking the Straits of (Delilah)
building occupied by Central
Gibraltar—Abyla in Africa Philomela Mercy Otis Warren,
Intelligence Agency in Lan-
facing Gibraltar in Europe Pillow Lava lava solidified un-
called the First Lady of the
gley, Virginia
American Revolution
Pickpocket Heroine of Daniel
derwater assuming pillowlike
Philosopher of the Absolute
Defoe’s Moll Flanders
shapes Georg Wilhelm Friedrich He-
Pilsner Country Czechoslova- gel
Pick’s disease brain disorder
characterized by loss of mem-
Philosopher of China C o n -
ory and speech
kia Pinball Dave Twardzik (base-
fucius
Pico Bolívar (Spanish— Boli-
var’s Peak)—Venezuela’s
ball player)
Philosopher of Democracy and
highest mountain also called
Pineapple Face Manuel Anto-
nio Noriega, former leader of Philosopher of Freedom John
Humanism Sidney Hook
La Columna
Panama Locke
Picture Island Enoshima, Yo-
Pineapple Island Lanai, Ha- Philosopher Freethinker E l -
kahama
waii bert Hubbard
Picture-Postcard-Landscape
Pineapple Paradise Hawaiian Philosopher Kung Ku n g
Land Switzerland
Islands Pine Trees i n h a b i t a n t s o f
Futzu (Confucius)
Picture Province C a n a d a ’s
New Brunswick
Maine Philosopher Physician Ave r-
Philosopher of Malmesbury
Thomas Hobbes
Picture Province of Canada
Pine Tree State Maine roes
New Brunswick
Piedmont Plateau A p p a l a -
Piney Point Harry Lundeberg
Philosopher of Sans Souci
School of Seamanship at Voltaire’s nickname for Fred-
chian Mountain region ex-
Piney Point, Maryland erick the Great
tending from Alabama to
New York, including Georgia,
Pink City of Rajputana
Philosopher of Sex Havelock
Jaipur Ellis
the Carolinas, Virginia, West
Virginia, western Maryland,
pinks newborn rats
Philosopher of the Superman
Pinky conductor-violinist Pin- Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche
and Pennsylvania
Pier Angeli A n n a M a r i a
chas Zukerman’s nickname
Philosopher of the Third
Pinky Lee Pincus Leff Reich Alfred Rosenberg
Pierangeli
Pinturicchio Barnardino Betti Phiz Hablot K Browne—illus-
Piero della Francesca Piero di
Piombo palette name of Sebas- trator of the Pickwick Papers
Benedetto de Franceschi
tiano Luciani of Dickens–Boz
Pierre Loti ( p s e u d o ny m -
Pioneer deep-space probes de- Phoenix of Spain L o p e d e
Louis-Marie Julien Viaud)
signed for interplanetary in- Vega
Pierre Louÿs (pseudonym—
Pierre Louis)
vestigation
Photographer of the Himala-
Pierre Nord A n d r é
Léon
Pioneer Aeronautical Experi-
yas Samuel Bourne (1834–
mentalist Otto Lilienthal 1912)
Brouillard’s pseudonym
Pierre-Paul Prud’hon P i e r r e
Pioneer Airship Designer
Photographic Pioneer Wi l l -
Ferdinand von Zeppelin iam Henry Fox Talbot
Prudon
(1838–1917) Photographic Purists A n s e l
Pietermaritzburg South Afri-
can city also called Mar-
Pioneer American Composer
Adams and Edward Weston
itzburg
William Billings
Eponyms, Nicknames
Pioneer in American Science
Platine States Argentina and Benjamin Franklin
Pisanus Fraxi Herbert Spen-
Uruguay Pioneer of Antisepsis I g n a z
cer Ashbee
Platinum one million (record- Philipp Semmelweis
Pistol Pete P e t e M a r av i c h
ing) copies Pioneer Bacteriologist L o u i s
(basketball player)
Plato (Greek—broad-shoul- Pasteur; Robert Koch
Pitcher Plant Province N ew -
foundland
dered)—the famous philoso-
Pioneer of Biblical Criticism
pher’s real name was Aristo- Thomas Paine (1737–1809)
Pitch Lake Trinidad’s asphalt
lake
cles
Pioneer of British Aviation,
Pitch Lake Island Trinidad
Plato’s School the Grove of
Designer, Industrialist
Academe near Athens, later Geoffrey De Havilland
Pitigrilli Dino Segre
referred to by the Romans as (1882–1965)
Pius XII Eugenio Pacelli
Pizza (PIE) Pacific Intermoun-
the Academia
Pioneer of Child Psychoanaly-
Plattensee (German—flat sea, sis Dr Anna Freud
tain Express (stock exchange
nickname)
level lake)—Hungary’s Lake
Pioneer Dutch Aircraft
Balaton—largest lake in cen- Designer Anthony Fokker
placazos ( M ex i c a n b o r d e r
tral Europe (1890–1939)
Spanish—graffiti originally
Playground of the Middle Pioneer German Aircraft
placartes)—placards or post-
West Indiana Designer H u g o J u n ke r s
ers
Pleasant f o r m e r n a m e o f (1859–1935)
Place of Many Waters Wa l l a
Walla, Washington
Nauru
Pioneer Heart Surgeon
Place of Plenty Indian name
Pleasure City of the South
Daniel Hale Williams
for what is now Toronto, On-
Seas Sydney, Australia
Pioneer Inventor of Aerial and
tario
Plein-Air Painter Manet
Plejad Swedish class of fast pa- tems Brigadier General
Space Photography Sys-
Place of the Seven Wells
trol boats George Goddard—USAF
Beersheba
Plight of Pizarro d y s e n t e r y Pioneer of Law H a m m u r a b i
Place of the Winds
named for the Spanish con- (1792–1750 B.C.)
Nouakchott in Mauritania on
the coast of West Africa
queror of Peru
Pioneer of Modern Geogra-
Plough-Share City Yo r k , phy Alexander von Hum-
Plague of the Twentieth Cen-
Pennsylvania boldt (1769–1859)
tury AIDS
Plain Joe C a n a d a ’s P r i m e
Plow City Moline, Illinois
Pioneer of Modern Orchestra-
Plucky Pierre Salinger tion Hector Berlioz (1803–
Minister Joe Clark
Plum Sir Pelham Warner; Sir 1869)
plain vanilla c o nve n t i o n a l
PG Wodehouse Pioneer of Oceanography Sir
stock offering
Plains States Nebraska, Mon-
Plumb-line Port to Panama
Charleston, South Carolina Pioneers Pioneer Mountains of
John Murray
tana, Wyoming, Colorado,
(due north of the Panama Ca- Idaho and Montana
Oklahoma, North Dakota,
South Dakota
nal)
Pioneer of Technological
Plumed Knight Robert G In- Change Eli Whitney
Plank Island Aberdeen, Wash-
gersoll’s name for James G Pioneer of Two Worlds T h o -
ington
Blaine when nominating him mas Paine
Planner of the New York Pub-
lic Library John Shaw Bill-
for President
Pioneer of University Surgery
ings
Plus Brave des Braves
William Halsted
Plantation State Rhode Island
(French—Bravest of the
Pioneer of Visceral Surgery
Brave)—Napoleon’s nick- Theodor Billroth
whose official title is the State
name for Marshal Ney Piotr (Russian—Peter)—nick-
of Rhode Island and Provi-
Plymouth Rock landing place name for Petersburg, St Pe-
dence Plantations
of the Pilgrims in 1620 in tersburg, Petrograd
Planting Corn Moon f u l l
what is now Plymouth, Mas- Piper Laurie Rosetta Jacobs
moon in May
sachusetts Pippa Philipa; Philippa
Planting Moon Full moon in
Poet of Affection M a r i a n n e Pirandello Stefano Landi
April
Moore Pirate City Tampa, Florida
Plant Wizard Luther Burbank
plaster of paris white, pow-
Poet of the American Revolu-
Pirate Coast Trucial Coast of
tion Philip Freneau Arabia including Abu Dhabi,
dery gypsum—first prepared
from calcinated gypsum of
Poet of the Body—Poet of the
Soul Walt Whitman’s self- al-Khaimah, Sharjah, and
Ajam, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras
Paris, France
imposed nickname Umm al-Qaiwain
Plateau Continent Africa
Poet of Childhood E u g e n e Pirate of the Gulf Jean Lafi-
Plateglasses ultra-modern style
Field itte
in universities
Plate River Ports B u e n o s
Poet of the Common People
Pirate Port Port Royal, Ja-
James Whitcomb Riley maica 17th century
Aires, Argentina and Montev-
ideo, Uruguay
Eponyms, Nicknames
Poet of Democracy Wa l t
Poor Richard Richard Saun- Whitman
Pola Negri Appolonia Chalu-
ders (pseudonym used by Poet of Despair James Thom-
pek
Benjamin Franklin in writing son
Polar Bear Land the Arctic
Poor Richard’s Amanack) Poet of the Excursion Wi l l -
Polar Star State Maine
Poosh ’Em Up Tony Lazzeri iam Wordsworth
Polaris brightest star in the
(baseball player) Poet of Friendship R o b e r t
constellation of Ursa Minor;
usually called the Pole Star or
Popcorn Capital of the World
Shaller, Iowa Poet from Jersey Wi l l i a m
Burns
the Seaman’s Star (Stella
Pop Warner Glenn Warner Carlos Williams of Ruther-
Maris) as within a degree or
Pope of Geneva Calvin’s nick- ford, New Jersey
two it points to true north
name Poet of Harlem L a n g s t o n
Polaris-Poseidon L o c k h e e d
Pope John XXIII A n g e l o Hughes (1902–1967)
submarine-launched missiles
Giuseppe Roncalli Poet of Imperialism Rudyard
Pole Star (see Polaris)
Pope John Paul I Albino Lu- Kipling
Polish City Hamtramck, Mich-
ciani Poet of Individuality Wa l t
igan
Pope John Paul II Karol Woj- Whitman
Polish Ports Nowy Port, Stet-
tyla Poet King Ossian of Ireland
tin, Gdynia, Ustka, Swinouj-
Pope Paul VI Giovanni Bat- Poet Laureate of England Sir
scie
tista Montini John Betjeman
Polish Siberia N owo g r o d e k
southwest of Minsk
Pope of Peppers Dave DeWitt
Poet Laureate of New
Pope Pius XI Achille Ratti England John Greenleaf
Polish Story Teller Isaac Ba-
Pope Pius XII Eugenio Pacelli Whittier
shevis Singer
Polish Town Pa r m a M a r i a .
poppers amyl nitrate (also
Poet Laureate of Venezuela
called amys, pearls, or snap- Irma De Sola Ricardo
Texas—America’s oldest Pol-
pers) Poet of Liberty Johann Chris-
ish settlement
Pops Arthur Fiedler toph Friedrich von Schiller
Polka King Frankie Yankovic
Popular Porter Cole Porter Poet Naturalist Henry David
Polly Mary; Paula; Paulette;
Pori Finnish name for what the Thoreau
Pauline; Pollyanna
Swedes call Björneborg; Po- Poet of Nature Jean Sibelius
Polo Capital of the South
laris operational readiness in- Poet of Passion Ella Wheeler
Aiken, South Carolina
strumentation Wilcox
Pol Pot Saloth Sar
Pork Chop Gang a 1940s con- Poet of the Piano F r é d é r i c
Polygon of Drought northeast
federation of rural Florida Chopin
Brazil along the Rio San
legislators and business lead- Poet of Poets Shelley
Francisco and east of a line
ers Poet Sire of Italy D a n t e
between Bahia and Fortaleza
Pork Dump nickname of Clin- Alighieri
Polynesia (Greek—Many Is-
lands)—the South Pacific
ton Prison near Utica, New
Poets Laureate of the United
York States Robert Penn Warren;
Polynesian Kingdom To n g a
Porkopolis Cincinnati, Ohio Richard Wilbur; Howard
(The Friendly Isles)
Pork Packer Philip D Armour Nemerov; Mark Strand Jo-
Polynesia’s Sacred Isle R a -
Porn Capital of America S a n seph Brodsky; Mona Van
iatea (in the South Pacific
Francisco Duyn; Rita Dove; Robert
west of Tahiti)
Pommy British emigrant to
Portage La Prairie Girls
Hass, Robert Pinsky, Stanley
Correctional Centre for Kunitz
Australia or New Zealand
Pompey Cneius Pompeius;
Women at Portage La Prairie,
Poet of the Subconscious
Manitoba Giovanni Pascoli
nickname of Portsmouth, En-
Portcouver urban corridor from pog milk-bottle cap
gland
Portland, Oregon, to Vancou- Pogo Joe Caldwell (basketball
Pom(s) Prisoner(s) of Mother
ver, British Columbia player)
England [Australian nick-
Porter of Heaven J a n u s t h e Point Coma Point Loma
name for person(s) newly ar-
Two-Faced Poison Ivy Upton Sinclair’s
rived from Great Britain]
Port Everglades Fort Lauder- nickname for publicist Ivy
Pony Express Terminus S a c -
dale, Florida’s port Lee
ramento, California
Portia pen name of Abigail Poitiers formerly Poictiers
Ponzi scheme named for pyra-
Smith Adams—wife of Pres- Pokanoket American Indian
mid scheme based in Boston
ident John Adams and Amer- name for what was Mount
in 1920, run by Charles Ponzi
ica’s First Suffragist Hope and is now Bristol,
Poonjaji Hariwansh Lal Poonja
Port Kelang f o r m e r l y P o r t Rhode Island
poor man’s cocaine m e t h a m -
Swettenham and also called Poke Poughkeepsie
phetamine
Port Mang Pola Appolonia; Policarpa Sal-
poor man’s lobster monkfish
Port Klang f o r m e r l y P o r t abarrieta
poor-man’s meat G l y c i n e
max —soybeans
Swettenham, Malaya
Eponyms, Nicknames
Port Lyautey former name of
Prayer-shawl Flag I s r a e l i Kenitra, Morocco
Portugal, São Tomé and
banner derived from talith or Porto di Lido (Italian—Port of
Principe Islands, Goa and
prayer shawl with horizontal the Lido)—the port of Venice
Timor
blue stripes enclosing Shield Port o’ Missing Men S a n
Portuguese Timor f o r m e r
or Star of David Francisco
Portuguese outpost of empire
on Timor Island in Indonesia
Preacher of the Despairing
Porto Rico original name of
Girolamo Savonarola Puerto Rico
Portuguese West Africa A n -
gola, Portuguese Guinea, St
Preah Reach Ana Chak Kam-
Port of the Pilgrims Province-
puchea Cambodia town, Massachusetts
Thomas and Prince islands
during colonial era
Precious Province Kueichow
Portrait Painter of Presidents
Port Veneris n i c k n a m e f o r
Precursor of Dutch Painting
Lucas van Leyden portsides portsiders (lefthanded
Gilbert Stuart
P o r t Ve n d r e o n t h e
Franco-Spanish frontier
Precursor of Expressionism
persons)
Port Wine Port Oporto, Portu-
Edvard Munch
Port of the Southwest
gal
Precursor of Japanese Art
Kose no Kanaoka Ports of Philadelphia Tr e n -
Galveston, Texas
Postage-Stamp Principalities
Andorra, Liechtenstein, Lux-
Precursor of the Mexican Rev-
olution Ricardo Flores Ma- City, Philadelphia, Chester,
ton, Camden, Gloucester
embourg, and Monaco are so
gon Marcus Hook, Wilmington
named by philatelists al-
though Luxembourg is a
Precursor of Pharmacology
Port of St John of Acre Akko
grand duchy and is not ruled
Paracelsus
Portugal’s Principal Port
by a prince
Precursor of Pictorial Real-
ism Mathias Grünewald Portuguese America Brazil
Lisboa (Lisbon)
postie post-baby-boom person
(Mathis der Mahler) Portuguese China M a c a o
Potain’s disease pleural and
Precursor of Sociology Charles (near Hong Kong)
pulmonary edema
Potash City S a s k a t o o n ,
de Secondat Baron de la
Portuguese East Africa
Brède et de Montesquieu Mozambique
Saskatchewan
Potentate of the Pit Lucifer
Precursor of Spanish–Ameri-
Portuguese Guinea f o r m e r
can Emancipation F r a n - name of Guinea Bissau on
pot machine marijuana-manu-
cisco Miranda Africa’s west coast
facturing device
Precursor of Surrealism H i - Portuguese India f o r m e r
Potomac River City Washing-
eronymus Bosch (Hierony- name of the territories of
mus van Aken) Damão, Diu, Goa, Panjim,
ton, DC
Precursor of Venezuela Fran- etc.
Pot Smuggler’s Paradise
cisco de Miranda) d’Alboquerque also called
Florida whose waterways
Portuguese Mars A ff o n s o
provide the best background
Tyler Affonso o Grande (Alphonse the Great)—Portuguese em-
for smugggling
Pre-emption President J o h n
Pott’s disease ve r t e b r a l i n -
flammation
Preiser’s disease porosity of
the wristbone pire builder and viceroy of
Poverty Bay Gisborne, New
Premier Passenger Port of
Portuguese India
Zealand Powder Keg of Europe t h e
Great Britain Southampton
Portuguese Overseas Prov-
Premier Primitive Henri Rous- ince Macao
seau Portuguese Paradise S i n t r a
Balkans
Premier of Russia Alexander near Lisbon
Practical Political Philoso-
Kerenski Portuguese Ports (large, me-
pher Niccolò Machiavelli Pragmatist Philosopher Will-
Pre-Raphaelite Founders
dium, and small from north to
Holman Hunt, Sir John Ever- south) Viana do Castelo,
iam James
ett Millias, Daniel Gabriel Porto de Leixoes, Porto
Prairie Canada A l b e r t a ,
Rossetti (Oporto), Lisboa (Lisbon),
Saskatchewan, and Manitoba
Presbyterian Jerusalem E d - Setubal, (in the Azores—
Prairie City Bloomington, Illi-
inburgh Horta and Ponta Delgada),
nois
The President the President of Funchal (Madeira)
prairie ghost pronghorn ante-
lope
the United States
Portuguese Republic
Presidents’ conference c o n - República Portuguesa
Prairie Provinces A l b e r t a ,
Manitoba, Saskatchewan
ference of presidents of major
Portuguese-Spanish Century
Jewish organizations (in the 16th century—the 1500s
Prairies great plains between
Appalachian and Rocky
America)
Portuguese-speaking Places
President ships A m e r i c a n Angola, Azores Islands, Bra-
Mountains of North America
President Line vessels named zil, Cape Verde Islands,
Prairie State Illinois
after such statesmen as Pres- Guinea-Bissau, Macao, Ma-
Prairie States North and South
ident Lincoln, President deira Islands, Mozambique,
Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas,
Minnesota, Iowa, and Illinois
Roosevelt, President Taft
Eponyms, Nicknames
Preston K Swinehart n i c k -
Princely Province Prince Ed-
Printmakers to the American
name—movie actor Alan
People (Nathaniel) Currier Dinehart
ward Island
& (James Merritt) Ives— Preston Sturges Edmund Pre-
Prince of the Meistersingers
America’s most famous litho- ston Biden
Hans Sachs of Nuremberg
graphers Pretender Charles Stuart
also known as the Cobbler
Poet
Prison at the Bottom of the
Pretty Boy Charles A Floyd
World Ushuaia, Argentina (1901–1934)
Prince of Men Robert Louis
on Beagle Channel close to Pretzel City L a n c a s t e r a n d
Stevenson’s nickname for
Cape Horn Reading, Pennsylvania
Henry James
Prince of Metals silver
Prisoner of the Chillon
Pride of the Yankees Lou Ge-
François de Bonnivard hrig
Prince of Music Palestrina
Prison of Gold The Louvre Priest of Nature S i r I s a a c
Prince of Orange William I of
Prison of Nations Austro-Hun- Newton
the Netherlands and his male
garian Empire Prima Donna Assoluta Dame
successors
Prison Poet O s c a r Wi l d e Joan Sutherland
Prince of Orators D e m o s -
(1856–1900), Irish author- Primate of Italy the Pope
thenes
playright-poet-wit whose Prime Meridian Place Green-
Prince of the Oyster Pirates
c o nv i c t i o n f o r s o d o m y wich, England
Jack London
brought a three-year prison Prime Minister of Hell Satan
Prince of Painters Raphael
term vividly described in his Prime Minister of Mirth P e -
Prince of Philosophers Plato
philosophical poem The Bal- ter Sellers
Prince of Physicians Av i -
cenna (Abu ibn Sina)
lad of Reading Gaol
Prime Minister of National
The Pritzker Pritzker Architec- Crime F r a n k C o s t e l l o
Prince of the Pianoforte
ture Prize (founded by Jay A (1893–1973), born Francesco
Louis Moreau Gottschalk
Pritzker in 1979) Seriglia
Prince of Pistoleers J a m e s
Butler (Wild Bill) Hickok
Prodigy of Learning Dr Sam-
Prime Minister of the Under-
uel Hahnemann world Frank Costello
Prince of Poets A l ex a n d e r
Professor Jim Brosnan (base- Prince Prince Rogers Nelson
Pushkin, according to Rus-
sian literary critics; Edmund
ball player)
Prince of American Letters
Professor of Blue Sky M o r- Washington Irving
Spenser
timer Adler Prince of the Apostles t h e
Prince of Prose Writers John
Bunyan
Professor Bruno Pantoffel
Pope, according to the Roman
Jorge Mester Catholics
Prince of the Renaissance
Professor of Earthquakes Sir Prince of Artists A l b r e c h t
Michaelangelo
William Hamilton Dürer
Prince of Scoffers Voltaire
Prince of Showmen PT Bar-
Professor Julius Caesar Han-
Prince of Comic Opera Daniel
nibal ( p s e u d o ny m — W H François Esprit Auber
num
Levinson) Prince Consort A l b e r t o f
Prince of Siddhartha
Professor Longhair Roy Byrd Saxe-Coburg Gotha (Queen
Gautama Buddha
Professor Seagull Joe Gould Victoria’s husband)
Prince of Skeptics Voltaire
Prince of Spanish Poetry
Profit Center of the Southwest
Prince of Cranks I g n a t i u s
Phoenix, Arizona Donnelly
Garcilaso de la Vega
Prolific Lexicographer E r i c Prince of Darkness Satan
Princess of Fruits Linnaeus’
Partridge Prince of Destruction Tamer-
sobriquet for the pineapple
Prolific Professor Isaac Asi- lane (Timur the Lame)
Prince of Story Tellers G i o -
mov Prince of Gossips S a m u e l
vanni Boccaccio
Prolific Rationalist E n g l i s h Pepys
Prince of Trees L i n n a e u s ’
ex-priest Joseph McCabe Prince of Humbugs P(hineas)
nickname for the palm
Prolific Typographer F r e - T(aylor) Barnum
Prince of Violin Virtuosos
deric William Goudy Prince of Humorists M a r k
Itzhak Perlman
Promised Land Israel, prom- Twain (Samuel Langhorne
Prince of Wales Island P e n -
ised to the Israelites by Moses Clemens)
ang’s previous name
and to the Israelis by Balfour Prince of Israel Michael
Principality of the Grimaldi
Monaco
Promoter of Agrarian Reform
Prince of Journalists Horace
Emiliano Zapata Greeley
Principal Port of the United
Prophet of Allah Mohammed Prince of Losers Dr Frederick
Kingdom Liverpool
Principe de la Paz (Spanish—
Prophet of the American Way
Thomas Jefferson reached the North Pole nearly
A Cook who claimed he
Prince of the Peace)—Man-
uel Godoy y Alvarez de Faria
Prophet of Christianity J o h n
the Baptist Robert E Peary, who was
a year before Commander
Printmaker to the Mexican
Prophet of Democracy Wi l l - credited with the discovery
People J o s é G u a d a l u p e
Posada
iam Penn
Eponyms, Nicknames
Prophet of Doom G i r o l a m o
Punxey Punxsutawney Savonarola
Psychologist of the Soul Søren
Puppet Emperor H e n r y Prophet of Israel Moses
Aabye Kierkegaard (1813–
P’u-yi (1906–1967) last em- Prophet of Modernity É m i l e
peror of China; made Em- Zolá
Ptarmigan Alaska state bird;
peror of Manchukuo by the Prophet of Mythology Teire-
symbolic nickname given
Japanese sias
some Alaskans
Puri port of Jagananth or Jug- Prophet Outcast Leon Trotsky
P-town Provincetown
Public Enemy Number One
gernaut on the Bay of Bengal
Prophet-Preacher-Hero of
gangster Al Capone’s nick-
Puritan City Boston, Massa-
New England Unitarianism
chusetts William Ellery Channing
name
Puritan State Massachusetts Prophets of Israel M o s e s .
Public Library Builder A n -
Puritans inhabitants of Massa- Samuel, Nathan, Elijah, El-
drew Carnegie
chusetts isha
Publius allonymic name used
by Alexander Hamilton, John
Purple Islands the Madeiras
Prophet of the Strenuous Life
Jay, and James Madison in
Purple Land WH Hudson’s
Jack London sobriquet for Uruguay
writing The Federalist
Prose Poet of Violence J e a n purpurite iron magnesium Genet
Pueblo de los Angeles (Span-
ish—Village of the Angels)—
phosphate
early Spanish name for Los
Prosperous Paradise of the
Pushkin modern name for
Pacific Hawaii Tsarskoe Selo south of Len-
Angeles
Puerto Colombia f o r m e r l y
Prostitution Capital of the
ingrad
Putrid Sea Sivash Sea (miner- New Orleans
Savanilla
South old nickname for
alized marshes along Protector from Fever F e b r i s
Puerto Limón Limón, Costa
Crimea’s north coast) (Roman goddess)
Rica
Puerto Rico Ports E n s e n a d a
Putzhead syndrome political
name-calling Mephitis—Roman goddess
de Honda, San Juan, Ponce,
Protector from Poison Gases
Pyrenees Principality A n - venerated in volcanic lands
Guanica, Mayaguez
dorra Protector of the Indians Rod-
Pugetopolis industrialized ur-
Pyrrhic victory n a m e d f o r rigo de Bastidas—Spanish
ban areas surrounding Puget
King Pyrrhus of Epirus, who navigator who founded Santa
Sound
won many decisive battles but Marta; Las Casas and Eliot
Puggy Booth Joseph Mallord
lost too many soldiers and share the title—Protector of
William Turner’s nickname
thus his war against the Ro- the Indians
Pujo Committee f o r A r s é n e
mans Protector of Peru G e n e r a l
Pujo, who headed a United
Pythagoreanism r e l i g i o n José Francisco de San Martin
States House Banking and
founded by Pythagoras (1778–1850)
currency subcommittee in
Musayid Marguerite de Navarre
Pukes former name for Mis-
Qatar Ports Ad Dawhah and
Q-town Queenstown Protector of Seafarers t h e
Protector of the Protestants
sourians
pukeweed Lobelia inflata’s
Quad Cities Davenport, Iowa; Greek goddess Brizo
nickname
East Moline, Illinois; Moline, Protestant Hero Frederick the
Puma Franco-British Aerospa-
tiale-Westiand transport heli-
Illinois; Rock Island, Illinois
Quadra Island island in British Great of Prussia
copter
Protestant Rome Geneva
Punkie Town Punxsutawney,
Columbia named for Spanish
Pennsylvania
explorer Juan Francisco de la
Provisional President of
Bodega y Quadra Africa Marcus Garvey
Punks’ Paradise n i c k n a m e
Quai d’Orsay section of Paris Provision State Connecticut in
given any gambling center
Revolutionary times
and sometimes to the State of
occupied by French Foreign
Ministry Provost Hunting reconnais-
Nevada and the casino cities
Quail Californians are some- sance-trainer aircraft built in
of Reno and Las Vegas
times nicknamed Quail; Cali- Britain
Punnett square divided-square
fornia’s state bird; McDon- Prune Picker(s) Californian(s)
use to show genotypes and
nell-Douglas decoy missile prussic acid hydrocyanic acid
phenotypes from recombina-
Quail Haven Cedar Vale, Kan- psikhushka (Russian slang—
tion of gametes during fertil-
sas psychoprison)—for punish-
ization (for Reginald C Pun-
nett)
Quaintest City in the U.S.
Santa Fé, New Mexico Psychedelphia San Francisco’s
ing and segregating dissidents
Punta Arenas (Spanish—Sand
(founded by the Spaniards Haight-Ashbury district
Point)—the one in Chile
around 1609) Psychoanalysis Capitals B e r-
called Magallanes from 1927
Quake City San Francisco, lin, New York, and Vienna
to 1937; the one in Costa Rica
is written Puntarenas
California
Eponyms, Nicknames
Quaker Abolitionist e p i t h e t
Queen of the Angels the Vir-
Queen City of the Pacific
shared by Elias Hicks, Lucre-
San Francisco, California and tia Mott, John Greenleaf
gin Mary
Seattle, Washington Whittier, and John Woolman
Queen of the Antilles Cuba
Queen City of the Plains D e n - Quaker City Philadelphia
Queen of the Arabian Sea
Cochin, India
ver
Quaker City of the West
Queen of Back Bay I s a b e l l a
Queen City of the Rio Grande
Del Rio, Texas Quaker Dolley Mrs Dorothea
Richmond, Indiana
Stewart Gardner
Queen City of the Sea Charles- (Dolley) Madison—wife of
Queen of Bases calcium oxide
ton, South Carolina President James Madison
and related compounds
Queen City of the Sound S e - Quaker Founder G e o rg e
known commercially as lime
attle, Washington on Puget Fox—founder of the Society
Queen Bee Director of the
Sound of Friends who were nick-
Women’s Air Force Auxiliary
Queen City of the South A t - named Quakers by an English
Queen of Belgian Beaches
lanta, Georgia and Sydney, judge who persecuted them
Ostend
Queen Bess Queen Elizabeth
New South Wales
Quaker Founder of Pennsylva-
Queen of the Blues D i n a h
Queen City of the Southern
Tier Elmira, New York Quaker Frontiersman Daniel
nia William Penn
Washington
Queen City of the Trails I n - Boone
Queen of the Brazos Wa c o ,
dependence, Missouri Quaker Liberal Elias Hicks
Texas
Queen City of Vermont Burl- Quaker Penologist E l i a s
Queen of the Caribbees N e -
ington Hicks (1748–1830), who
vis
Queen City of the West C i n - preached against cruelty to
Queen of Cats the lioness in
cinnati (in the early 1800s) the imprisoned and the insane
Africa; the tigress in Asia
Queen Cities of the Austro-
Queen of the Comstock Lode
Quaker Poet Bernard Barton
Virginia City, Nevada in England and John Green-
Hungarian Empire Budap-
Queen of the Cowtowns Fo r t leaf Whittier in New England
est, Prague, Vienna
Queen City Lahore (in the
Dodge, Iowa
Quaker Preacher E l i a s Queen of Crime A g a t h a
Punjab of Pakistan)
Hicks—founder of the Hick- Christie site Friends championing the
Queen City of Alabama
Gadsden
Queen of Crossword Puzzle-
abolition of slavery and op-
dom Margaret Farrar posing creeds approved by
Queen City of Canada To r-
Queen of the Danube Budapest the elders
onto
Queen Emma Curaçao’s float- Quaker Reformer Elizabeth
Queen City of the Carolinas
ing bridge across Willems- Fry—noted for her cam-
Charlotte, North Carolina
tad’s harbor paigns to better the life of in-
Queen City of the Hanseatic
Queen of Flowers the rose mates in insane asylums and
League Lübeck
Queen of Folk Joan Baez prisons; also worked for the
Queen City of the Hudson
Yonkers, New York
Queen of the French Riviera
Nice Quakers members of the Soci-
betterment of education
Queen City of India Bombay
Queen City of the Lakes
Queen of Freshwater Fish
carp Quaker State Pennsylvania
ety of Friends
Buffalo, New York and Tor-
Queen of the Goldfields Mel- Quakertown Philadelphia
onto, Ontario
bourne, Victoria, Australia Quality City Rochester, New
Queen City of Lake Superior
Marquette, Michigan
Queen of Gulf Ports New Or-
York leans
Queen City of the Lehigh Val-
quarantine flag y e l l ow fl a g Queen of Heaven A s h t o r e t h
ley Allentown, Pennsylvania
(Semitic); Astarte (Phoeni- flown when a vessel requests
Queen City of the Merrimack
cian); Hera (Greek); Inanna pratique; letter Q or Québec
Valley Manchester, New
(Sumerian); Ishtar (Assyrian in the international signal
Hampshire
and Babylonian); Isis (Egyp- code
Queen City of the Mississippi
tian); Juno (Roman); Virgin quas methaqualone’s nickname
St Louis, Missouri
Mary (Christian) (also called quacks or quads)
Queen City of the Mountains
Queenie Regina Québec Q-class Soviet subma-
Knoxville, Tennessee
Queen of the Inland Sea Chi- rines
Queen City of New Zealand
cago queen male homosexual
Auckland
Queen of the Islands Cuba in Queen of the Adriatic Venice
Queen City of the North E d -
the days of Columbus Queen Alice A l i c e L e e
inburgh
Queen of Italian Cuisine Mar- (Roosevelt) Longworth
Queen City of the Ohio C i n -
cella Hazan Queen of the Amazons H i p -
cinnati, Ohio
Queen City of the Ozarks
Queen on the James River
polyta
Springfield, Missouri
Richmond, Virginia
Eponyms, Nicknames
Queen of the Kingdom of
Quirinale (Italian—House of Death Hel (daughter of Loki
Queen of the Sea Islands
the God of War)—Ministry of in Nordic mythology whose
Beaufort, South Carolina
War in Rome name is used for the Kingdom
Queen of the Seas G l a s g ow
Quisquellano(s) Santo Domin- of Death)
(reputed for its Clyde-built
gan(s) Queen of Kings Cleopatra
ships); Venice
queen’s English correct En-
Quisqueya Hispaniola
Queen of Lake Malaren
Rabbi of Swat Moe Solomon Stockholm
glish
Queen’s House Buckingham
(baseball player)
Queen of Lake Michigan
Rab(bie) Robert Chicago
Palace
Queen of Skyscrapers E m -
Rabble-Rouser of the Revolu-
Queen of the Lakes Chicago
pire State Building
tion Sam(uel) Adams
Queen of Long-Distance
rabelaisian writer robust hu- Roads the Appian Way ex-
Queen of the South New Or-
morist noted for naturalism tending from Brindisi to
leans
race records early jazz and Rome and begun in 312 B.C.
Queen of the Spas S a r a t o g a
Springs, New York
blues recordings by black mu-
Queen of Love and Lust
sicians Aphrodite or Venus
Queen State Maryland (named
Rachilde Marguerite Vallette Queen Maud Land N o r w e -
for Henrietta Maria, wife of
Radclyffe Hall M a rg u e r i t e gian Antarctica
Charles I of England)
Radclyffe Hall Queen of Metals platinum
Queenstown former name of
Radek c o m m u n i s t - p a r t y Queen of the Missions M i s -
Cobh on Ireland’s south coast
pseudonym of Karl Sobel- sion San José in San Antonio,
Queen of Summer Resorts
sohn Texas and Mission Santa Bar-
Newport, Rhode Island
Radio Capital Camden, New bara in Santa Barbara, Cali-
Queen of Talk Oprah Winfrey
Jersey fornia
Queen of Teas Darjeeling tea
Queen of Trains Orient Ex-
Radiumbad Brambach
Queen of the Mississippi S t Brambach, Saxony Louis
press
Raedwulf (Early English— Ralph)—alleged to be the imp Helena, Montana
Queen of the Mountains
Queen of TV Comedy L u c i -
lle Ball
Queen of the Vampires
of mischief in a printing
Queen of Mystery Writers
house Rafe Ralph; Ralph Vaughan- Queen Nef Queen Nefertiti of
Ngaio Marsh
Theda Bara (Theodosia
Williams (English composer) Egypt Queen of the North Edinburgh
Goodman)
Queen of Watering Places
Brighton, England
Raffaello Raphael Ragnarok end of the world in
Queen of the Ohio Cincinnati
Norse mythology; equivalent Queen of Opera Dame Joan
Queen of the West L o n g f e l -
low’s nickname for Cincin-
Sutherland
nati; Dale Evans
to Twilight of the Gods (Göt- terdämmerung)
Queen of the Paciflc S a n
Rahway New Jersey State Francisco
queer homosexual
Prison at Rahway Queen of the Plains R eg i n a ,
Queermacks C u y a m a c a
Railbelt parts of interior and Saskatchewan
Mountains in California’s San
Southeast Alaska on the Queen of the Prairies C a n -
Diego County
quicklime calcium oxide—CaO
Alaska Railroad route
Railroad City nickname of cit- Saskatchewan
a d a ’s P r ov i n c e o f
quicksilver mercury (Hg)
ies such as Atlanta, Boston, Queen of Queens B r u t u s ,
Quicksilver Bob Robert Ful-
Buffalo, Chicago, Cincinnati, nickname for Cleopatra
ton’s nickname
Cleveland, Detroit, Edmon- Queen Recluse Emily Dickin-
Quiet Americans soft-voiced
ton, Houston, Indianapolis, son
well-mannered Canadians
Kansas City, Los Angeles, Queen Sarah Sarah, the Duch-
Quiet Epidemic medical nick-
Milwaukee, Minneapolis, ess of Marlborough
name for Alzheimer’s disease
Montreal, New Orieans, New Queensberry (see Marquis of
Quiet River Russia’s quiet-
York, Omaha, Philadelphia, Queensberuy)
flowing Don
St Louis, San Antonio, San Queen’s Birthday Queen Juli-
Quincke’s disease e d e m a o f
Francisco, Seattle, Toronto, ana’s Birthday (April 30)—
the skin; giant hives
Washington, D.C., Winnipeg; Netherlands; Queen Victo-
Quinquad’s disease i n fl a m -
(see Railway City) ria’s Birthday (May 20)—
mation of the scalp resulting
Railsplitter Abraham Lincoln Great Britain and Common-
in bald patches
Railway Killer Angel Maturino wealth countries
Quintessence of Africa
Resendiz Queen’s College Rutgers Uni-
Serengeti National Park, Tan-
Railway King George Hudson versity in colonial times
zania
Rajah Rogers Hornsby Queen’s Corsair Sir Francis
Quintuplets Herbert Morrison,
Ralph Connor C h a r l e s W Drake
so nicknamed because he did
the work of five
Gordon
Eponyms, Nicknames
Ralph Iron Olive Schreiner’s
Red Crescent equivalent of the pseudonym
Ray Milland Reginald Trus-
Red Cross in the Moslem Ralph Marlowe Ralph Man-
cott-Jones
world (symbolized by a red heim
Raynaud’s disease c i r c u l a -
crescent on a white field) Ralph Rashleigh J a m e s
tory disorder of the extremi-
Red Cross red cross on a white Tucker’s pseudonym
ties
field; used on ambulances, Ramana Ramana Maharshi
Raynaud’s phenomenon
hospitals, and hospital ships Ramblin’ Jack Elliott Elliott
white-finger disease brought
to denote their neutrality; also Charles Adnopoz
on by long-term use of vibrat-
called the Cross of Geneva or Ramón Navarro Ramón Sa-
ing hand tools
the Geneva Cross, as its func- manlegos
Razor The Razor—General
tion in war is accepted by the The Ranch once-top-secret air-
Hideki Tojo’s nickname
Geneva Convention craft test site near Las Vegas,
Razorback(s) Arkansan(s)
Red Dean of Canterbury The Nevada
Razor Clam Capital C o r-
Ve r y R eve r e n d D o c t o r Randolph Scott R a n d o l p h
dova, Alaska
Hewlett Johnson—Dean of Crance
Reagan Doctrine undo Soviet
Canterbury Cathedral from Randy Randolph
gains in the Third World;
named for Ronald Reagan,
1931 to 1963 Redd Foxx John Elroy Sanford
Ran Fiennes S i r R a n u l p h
fortieth president of the
red-diaper babies c h i l d r e n Twistleton-Wykeham-Fi-
United States
born to and following beliefs ennes
Realistic Recorder of Spanish
of communist parents
Ranger American program for
Life Goya (Francisco José
Red Duster British flag; Red investigation of the Moon and
de Goya y Lucientes)
Ensign flown from British region between the Moon and
Realm of the American Alliga-
merchant vessels the Earth; Texas state police-
tor Okefenokee Swamp,
Redemptorist Founder A l - Rangers Texans
man
Florida and Georgia
Realm of Exotic Flavors T h a i -
fonso Maria de Liguori
Red Ensign British flag Rapier British BAC surface-to-
land
Redeye General Dynamics por- air missile launched for low-
Rebecca West Cicily Isabel
altitude defense table surface-to-air missile
Fairfield
Raquel Torres Paula Oster- carried and fired by one man
Rebel City Charleston, South
red flag danger; stop sign mán
Carolina
Raquel Welch Raquel Tejada Red Gap Lone Pine, California
Rebel Poet Nazrul Islam
as described in Ruggles of Racquetball Capital San Di-
Rebel of Salem Roger Will-
Red Gap by Harry Leon Wil- ego, California
iams
son Ras Desiderius Erasmus
Rebel Unitarian T h e o d o r e
Parker
Red Geranium of British
Ras Asir (Arabic—Cape Guar-
Labor Sir Oswald Mosley dafui)—northeastern-most
Rebel of Walden Henry David
red lead lead oxide—Pb 3 O 4 Africa on the coast of Soma-
Thoreau
(minium) lia and the Gulf of Aden
Recafellow Andrew Carnegie’s
Red Lewis (Harold) Sinclair Rasmus Erasmus
nickname for John D Rock-
Lewis Rasputin (Russian—Disso-
efeller, Sr
redlight district whorehouse lute)—nickname of the Sibe-
Recife (Portuguese—Reef)—
neighborhood; zone of prosti- rian monk Gregory Efimov-
Pernambuco’s new name
tution itch
Recklonghausen’s disease
Red Lion and Sun I r a n ’s Rasputitsa several weeks be-
neurofibromatosis
equivalent of the Red Cross tween winter and summer in
Reclus’ disease cystic growths
(symbolized by a red lion be- Siberia marked by floods and
in the breasts
neath a red sun on a white mud from melting snow, mak-
Reconstruction President R u -
field) ing travel difficult
therford Birchard Hayes
redneck ultraconservative per- Rassmen Jamaicans
Red Sinclair Lewis
son Rastus Erastus; Theophrastus
Red Baron Baron Manfred
Red Planet Mars Ratipole nickname of Napo-
von Richthofen
Red Priest red-headed Anto- leon III
Redbricks red-brick universi-
nio Vivaldi Rat Pack Joey Bishop, Sammy
ties
Red Rosa Rosa Luxemburg— Davis Jr, Peter Lawford, Dean
Redbug of the Southeast chig-
co-founder with Karl Lieb- Martin, and Frank Sinatra
ger
necht of the Spartacus League Raven Hiller utility helicopter
Red Buttons Aaron Chwatt
later to become the Commu- designated H-23 and OH-23
Red Chamber Canadian Sen-
nist Party of Germany Ray Charles R a y C h a r l e s
ate
Red Skelton Richard Bernard Robinson
Red China People’s Republic
of China
Skelton
Eponyms, Nicknames
Red Square in the heart of
Richard the Second Richard Moscow between the GUM
República Oriental ( S p a n -
Strauss department store, the Krem-
ish— Oriental Republic)—
Richard Tauber Ernst Seiffert lin, and Lenin’s tomb; called
Uruguay
Rich Coast Costa Rica Krasnaya Ploschad by the
Republic of the Sacred Heart
Richelieu Armand Jean du Russians
Ecuador
Plessis Reds communists; underworld
Research Center of the Classi-
Rich Man’s Panic 1903, when term for sedative/hypnotic
cal World Library of Alex-
Dow Jones Industrial average drugs
andria, Egypt
dropped 24 percent red star symbol of the Soviet
Resort City Miami, Florida
Rickie Admiral Hyman George Union
Resplendent Land Ceylon or
Rickover, USN Redtop Hawker-Siddeley air-
Sri Lanka (Singhalese— Re-
Rideau Hall Ottawa residence to-air missile
splendent Land)
of the Governor General of red, white, and blue A m e r i -
The Restoration France, from
Canada can flag
1814 to 1848
Rienzi Niccolo Gabrini Red Wine of Teas Bengal tea
Ret Marut B Tr ave n ’s p e n
Rifle City Springfield, Massa- (from the Indian subconti-
name in Bavaria after World
chusetts nent)
War I
Riga’s disease ulceration of reefer(s) m a r i j u a n a c i g a -
Return-to-Normalcy Presi-
the tongue rette(s); refrigerated compart-
dent Warren Gamaliel Hard-
Rigg’s disease inflammation of ment(s) in a ship; refrigera-
ing
the gums with pus deposits in Reginald Bliss Herbert George
Réunion Indian Ocean island
the tooth sockets; also called Wells (1866–1946)
tor(s)
formerly called Bourbon
alveolar pyorrhea Regiomontanus Johann Müller
Reval or Revel o l d p l a c e -
names for Tallinn, Estonia
Rex Harrison Reginald Carey
Ring of Fire volcanic zone ex- tending from Alaska to Chile
Rex Ingram Reginald Hitch-
and from Siberia to New
Region of Four Streams
Zealand via Indonesia Szechwan Province, China
cock
Ring Lardner R i n g g o l d therapy, developed by Wil-
Rhapsodic Richard R i c h a r d
Reichian massage m a s s a g e
Wilmer Lardner helm Reich, designed to cure
Strauss
Ringo Starr Richard Starkey disorders by removing energy
Rhineland Capital C o l o g n e
Rio Rio de Janeiro, Brazil blockages
(Köln)
Rio Branco J o s é M a r i á d e Reichmann’s disease continu-
Rhode Island Ports P r ov i -
dence, Newport
Silva Paranhos—Baron of ous and excessive gastric se-
Rhode Island Reds Rhode Is-
Rio Branco—Brazil’s great cretion
statesman Reidsville Georgia State Prison
landers
Rhonda formerly Ystrady-
Rio de la Plata Province Par- Facility at Reidsville
aguay Reistertown Girls M o n t r o s e
fodwg, Wales
Rip Rip Van Winkle; Robert; School for (delinquent) Girls
Ricardo Cortez Jacob Krantz
Rice Birds South Carolinians
Rupert at Reistertown, Maryland
Rice Bowl southwest Louisi-
Rip Van Winkle State N o r t h Rejectionist Front Arab coun-
ana
Carolina tries such as Algeria, Libya,
Rice Bowl of Malaysia Kedah
rising sun symbol of Japan and and Syria most opposed to
Rice Center Crowley and Lake
the Japanese U.S. efforts to gain Israel’s
Charles in coastal Louisiana
Rising Sam Japan’s nickname acceptance by its neighbors
Rice State South Carolina
Richard Arlen Van Mattimore
for the United States, reflect-
Religious Freedom Colony
ing improved quality of its Rhode Island
Richard Avalon Sir John Woo-
manufactured goods Reluctant Imperialist John C
droffe
Rita Hayworth Margarita Car- Calhoun who half-heartedly
Richard Burton Richard Jen-
men Cansino supported the Mexican War
kins
Rita Moreno Rosita Dolores Rembrandt Rembrandt Har-
Richard Coeur de Lion
Alverio menszoon van Rijn—or van
French—Richard Lion-Heart
Ritter’s disease skin scaling, Ryn—RvR
(Richard I of England)
Richard the First R i c h a r d
sometimes fatal when it at-
Rembrandt of the Roman
tacks infants Ruins Giambattista Piranesi
Wagner
Rivalta’s disease lumpy jaw Rene Irene
Richard Hull Richard Henry
Sampson’s pseudonym
River of African Legend
René Adorée J e a n n e d e l a
Congo; Nile; Orange; Zaire Fonte
Richard Llewellyn R i c h a r d
River of Alaskan Legend t h e Renée Clair René Chomette
David Vivian Llewellyn
Yukon Renegade Irishman J a m e s
Lloyd
Richard Saunders Benjamin
River of American Legend
Joyce
Franklin (see Poor Richard)
Mississippi
Eponyms, Nicknames
River of American Midwest-
Robert Weede Robert Wiede- ern Legend Missouri
River of the North the Yukon
River of the Old Northwest
feld
River of American Northwest-
Robin Hood rationing u s i n g ern Legend Columbia
Legend Ohio
revenues from the middle and River of Asian Legend Euph-
River of Oregonian Legend
upper classes to provide so- rates; Ganges; Tigris; Yangtze
Willamette
cial programs for those in River of the Bears A l a s k a ’s
River Plate Republics Argen-
need McNeil River
tina, Paraguay, Uruguay (all
on rivers flowing into Rio de
Robinson’s Island Niihau, Ha-
River of the Black Dragon
waii Amur River on the Sino-So-
la Plata estuary)
Rob Roy (Gaelic—Red Rob)— viet frontier
River of Portuguese Legend
Tagus
Robert Macgregor the Scot-
River of Brazilian Legend
tish freebooter Amazon
River of Russia Legend
Rochedos São Paulo ( P o r t u - River of British Legend S ev -
Volga
g u e s e — S a i n t Pa u l ’s ern
River of Scottish Legend Tay
River of Spanish Legend
Rocks)—in the Atlantic just
River of Californian Legend
north of the Equator and far Sacramento
Ebro
River of Venezuelan Legend
off Brazil
River of Canadian Legend
rochelle salts sodium potas- the St Lawrence
Orinoco
sium tartrate River City Austin, Texas; San
Riverview I n t e r p r ov i n c i a l
Rocher du Diamant (French— Antonio, Texas
Home for (misdemeanant)
Women at Riverview, New
de-France, Martinique; com- River of Destiny Rio Grande
River of Colombian Legend
Diamond Rock)—off Fort-
Brunswick
Magdalena
River of Welsh Legend Towy
Riviera Mediterannean coasts
missioned in 1800 as HMS
River of English Legend
Diamond Rock because here Thames
of Italy, France, and Spain
Riviera of South America
British sailors withstood a
River of European Legend
French bombardment lasting
more than eighteen months Danube, Rhine
Uruguay
Rochers du Calvados (French— River of Florida Legend S u -
roach cockroach; marijuana
butt
wanee
mouth of the Orne in the En- Seine
road hustler(s) card-and-dice
Calvados Reef)—at the
River of French Legend
hustler(s)
Roadrunner N ew M ex i c o
glish Channel
River of Georgia and South
Rochester actor Eddie Ander- Carolina Legend Savannah
son River of the Gods G a n g e s
state bird and nickname ap-
rock crack, cocaine River
plied to many New Mexicans
Road of the Sun l’Autostrade
Rock Knute Kenneth Rockne; River of Grass Florida’s Ever-
del Sole (Italian superhigh-
Mount Desert Island’s nick- glades
way linking Milan, Rome,
name; Rockaway; Rock of River of Hades or Hell t h e
and Naples)
Gibraltar; The Rock—Alc- Styx, according to mythology
Roaring Forties storm-tossed
atraz (Federal Prison once oc- it encircles the underworld
seas between 40 and 50 de-
cupying a 12-acre rock in San nine times and the dead are
grees south latitude
Francisco Bay; name now ap- ferried over its waters by
Robber Barons (see American
plies to Rikers Island—New Charon
Railroad Barons, Banker Bar-
York City’s Correctional Fa- River House Ohio State Peni-
ons, Mining Baron, Oil
cility in the East River or to tentiary on the Scioto River
Baron, Pork Packer, Steel
San Quentin on the shores of near Columbus
Baron)
San Francisco Bay) River of Irish Legend S h a n -
Robber’s Nest Berlin, accord-
The Rock Alcatraz (former non
ing to an old German song
prison, now museum); The River of Italian Legend Arno;
Robert Alda A l p h o n s o
Rock of Gibraltar (British Tiber
d’Abruzzo
crown colony on a rocky pen- River of Kings Chao Phraya
Robert Capa Andrei Fried-
insula extending south from flowing through Krungthep
mann (1913–1954)
the Spanish mainland); Saba formerly called Bangkok
Robert Forsythe Kyle Crich-
Island, Netherlands Antilles River of Maine Legend Ke n -
ton
Rock of Chickamauga G e n - nebec; Penobscot
Robert Henri Robert Henry
Cozad
eral George Henry Thomas
River of New England Legend
Rock City Nashville, Tennes- Connecticut; Merrimack
Robert Merrill Henry Lavan
Robert Rostand Robert Hop-
see
River of New Jersey and Penn-
Rocket City Huntsville, Ala- sylvania Legend Delaware
kins
Robert Stack Robert Modini
bama
River of New York Legend
Rocket Pioneer R o b e r t H Hudson
Robert Taylor Spangler Ar-
lington Brugh
Goddard
Eponyms, Nicknames
Rock Hudson R oy S c h e r e r
Roosevelt I Theodore Roose- (changed to Fitzgerald)
Romanian Ports M a n g a l i a ,
velt—twenty-sixth President Rockie Nelson A Rockefeller
Constanta, Sulina, Isaccea,
of the United States Rock Lizards Gibraltarians
Braila, Galati, Tiglina
Roosevelt II F r a n k l i n D Rock Music Metropolis Min-
Romania’s Principal Port
Roosevelt—thirty-second neapolis
Constanta
President of the United States Rock of Notre Dame K n u t e
Romano G i u l i o P i p p i d e
Roosevelt Island current name K(enneth) Rockne
Granuzzi’s palette name—
for New York City’s East Rock-ribbed State Massachu-
Giulio Romano
River island formerly called setts; Maine
Romeo letter R radio code; So-
Welfare and originally Black- rock salt halite (sodium chlo-
viet R-class submarines
well’s ride)
Rome of the West St. Louis,
Rooster Rick Burleson (base- Rock of Uluru Ay e r s R o c k
Missouri
ball player) near Mount Olga, Australia
Ronnie Ronald; Ronda; Veron-
Rory Aurora Rockwell Girls Women’s Re-
ica
Rosa Bonheur Rosalie Mazel- formatory at Rockwell City,
Ronny Ronald
tov Iowa
Roof Garden of Texas Alpine
Rooftop of Africa K i l i m a n -
Rosa and Carmela Ponselle
Rocky Roccoforte; Rochester;
Rosa and Carniela Ponzillo Rockefeller
jaro in Tanzania
Rooftop of Antarctica Vi n -
Rosa Parks of the Gay-Rights
The Rocky Rocky Mountain
Movement William Jennings News (Denver)
son Massif
Rosa Ponselle R o s a M e l b a Rocky Arabia Arabia Petraea
Rooftop of Argentina A c o n -
Ponzillo in the northwestern section of
cagua on the border of Chile
roscoe slang—handgun, rifle, the Arabian Peninsula
Rooftop of Asia E ve r e s t i n
shotgun Rocky Butte Portland, Ore-
China and Nepal
Rose Bowl Pasadena, Califor- gon’s jail
Rooftop of Australia Ko -
nia Rocky Marciano R o c c o
sciusko in New South Wales
Rooftop of Austria G r o s s -
Rose Capital of the World
Tyler, Texas Rocky Mountain C o l o r a d o
Marchegiano
glockner
Rose City Madison, New Jer- national park
Rooftop of Bolivia Ancohuma
Rocky Mountain States
Rooftop of Canada Mt Logan
sey; Pasadena, California;
Portland, Oregon Alaska, Idaho, Montana, Wy- oming, Colorado, Utah, New
in the Yukon
Rooftop of Chile Ojos del Sal-
Rose Moon full moon in June Rose-Red City Petra in Jordan
Mexico, and Arizona
ado on the border of Argen- tina
across the Wadi al ’Arabah Rodney Dangerfield J a c o b
from the Negev of Israel Cohen
Rooftop of Ecuador Chimbo-
Rose and Shamrock England Roger Williams City P r ov i - dence, Rhode Island
razo
Rooftop of Europe Mont Blanc
and Ireland
Roseto Effect abundant good Rogues’ Island Rhode Island,
in France
health exhibited by residents so called by Puritans of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Rooftop of India Mt Godwin
of Roseto, Pennsylvania, the Roi Citoyen (French—Citizen
Austen, Jammu and Kashmir
community King)—Louis Philippe
Rooftop of Italy Monte Rosa
result of living in a close-knit
Rossbach’s disease g a s t r i c Roi Soleil ( F r e n c h — S u n
on the border of Switzerland
juice secreted excessively King)—Louis XIV
Rooftop of Japan Fuji Rooftop of México C i t l a l t é -
Ross Macdonald Ke n n e t h Roland Franco-German Nord-
Millar’s pseudonym Bolkow surface-to-air missile
petl also called Orizaba
Rosy Rosalind; Rosen; Rosen- whose name honors a medi-
Rooftop of New Zealand M t
Cook on South Island
eval hero of song and story in
Rooftop of North America
baum; Rosenberg; Rosenfeld; Rosenthal
Rothermere Vi s c o u n t R o - Rolfe Boldrewood Thomas A
the time of Charlemagne
Mt McKinley in Alaska
thermere (Harold Sidney Browne’s pseudonym
Rooftop of Peru Huascarán
Harmsworth) Rolfing physical therapy devel-
Rooftop of South America
Roth IRA Individual Retire- oped by Ida Rolf
Aconcagua in Argentina
Rooftop of Spain Mulhacén in
ment Account named for Sen-
Rolls-Royce of recreational
ator William V Roth drugs cocaine
Granada
Rough Rider T h e o d o r e Roloff Van Ripper Washing-
Rooftop of Switzerland M a t -
Roosevelt—twenty-sixth ton Irving
terhorn
President of the United States Roman Century the 1st cen-
Rooftop of Turkey Ararat in
Rough Riders First, United tury before the Christian era
Armenia
States Volunteer Cavalry or- Romani Gypsies
Rooftop of the World Pa m i r
Plateau of central Asia
ganized by colonels Theodore
Eponyms, Nicknames
Roosevelt and Leonard Wood
Sabre 32 Australian-built F-86 for action in the Spanish-
Ruissalo Finnish class of motor
jet fighter American War
gunboats and minesweepers
Sabreliner North American Roundheads Cromwell’s fol-
sometimes used as patrol
T-39 transport aircraft lowers in the Puritan Party
launches
Sacha Alexander noted for the close-cropped
Ruler of the East Vladivostok
Sacha Guitry pseudonym— hair of its members
Rural Garden of Eden South
Alexandre Pierre Georges Roundup City Pendleton, Or-
Carolina
Sacred Untouchables TS Eliot, egon
Russia Russia leather (dark-red
Marcel Proust, Rainer Maria Rovers Coloradans
leather used for book binding)
Rilke, William Butler Yeats Rowan Oak William Faulk-
Russian R u s s i a n d r e s s i n g
Saddler S ov i e t S S - 7 l i q - ner’s home near Oxford, Mis-
(salad dressing spiced with
uid-fuel intercontinental bal- sissippi in Lafayette County
chili, chopped pickles); Rus-
sian roulette (each player pull
listic missile
Sadie Sara; Sarah; Sarita atawpha
he fictionalized as Yoknap-
the trigger of a revolver held
Sad Side south side of Ellis Is- Roy Rogers Leonard Slye
against the player’s head);
land, which fell into disrepair Royal Bob P r e s i d e n t
Russian wolfhound (large
after decades of exposure to Garfield’s name for Colonel
breed of hound originally
the elements Robert G Ingersoll
bred in Russia and called bor-
zoi )
Saeta Hispano HA-200 twin-
Royal Brute of Great Britain
engine jet trainer built in King George III of Hanover
Russian America Alaska be-
Egypt and in Spain; also (in the opinion of Thomas
fore its purchase from Russia
called E-14 Paine and many other Amer-
in 1868 for $7.2 million
Safford Federal Prison Camp icans and Britons)
Russian-American Capital
at Safford, Arizona Royal Epicurean E m p e r o r
Sitka, Alaska
Safir Saab-built training and Hadrian
Russian Bear symbol of Rus-
utility aircraft also known as Royal Gorge Grand Canyon of
sia
Saab 91-D the Arkansas in Colorado
Russian Physiologist Extraor-
Saga City Stavanger, Norway Royal Martyr Charles I of En-
dinary Ivan Petrovich Pav-
Saga Island Iceland gland
lov
Sagamore Hill T h e o d o r e Roy Rogers Leonard Slye
Russki(s) Russian(s)
Roosevelt’s home on Long Is- Roz Rodriguez; Rosalind(a);
Rust Belt Detroit’s automobile
land at Oyster Bay, New York Rozhdestvensky
manufacturing area
Sagarmatha ( N e p a l e s e — R-town Rivertown
Rust’s disease tuberculosis of
the upper cervical vertebrae
mother of the snows)— Mount Everest
Rub al-Khali (Arabic—Empty
Rust Territory Pohnpei, Mi-
Sage of America B e n j a m i n Quarter)—area between
cronesia Federated States;
Oman and Yemen
former United States Trust
Franklin
territory; Trust Territory of
Sage of Anacostia Frederick
Rubber Capital of the U.S.
Douglass Akron, Ohio
the Pacific
Sage of Ashland Henry Clay Rubber City Akron, Ohio
Ruth Saint Denis Ruth Den-
Sage of Auburn Secretary of rubber room padded cell
nis
State William H Seward Rube Goldberg Reuben Lu-
Ryukyu Retto ( J a p a n e s e —
Sage of Baltimore H ( e n r y ) cius Goldberg (cartoonist cre-
R y u ky u I s l a n d s ) — a l s o
L(ouis) Mencken ator of fantastic inventions for
known as Loochoo or Nansei
Sagebrush Princess S a r a h accomplishing simple
Islands
Winnemucca tasks—hence any overcom-
Saar River City Saarbrücken,
Sagebrush State Nevada plicated mechanism is termed
Germany
Sabah formerly British North
Sage of Chappaqua H o r a c e
a Rube Goldberg) Greeley Rube Lacy Rubin Lacy
Borneo Sabine River City O r a n g e ,
Sage of Chelsea Thomas Car- Ruben Dario F é 1 i x R u b é n
lyle García Sarmiento
Texas
Sage of Concord Ralph Waldo Rube Waddell George Edward
Sabra main battle tank built by
Emerson—American philos- Waddell
Israel Army Ordnance and
opher-poet ruby red corundum
armed with a 105mm gun; na-
Sage of East Aurora E l b e r t ruby copper cuprite (cuprous
tive-born Israeli; Sabrina
Hubbard oxide)
Sabre Australian-built Cana-
Sage of Ebury Street George Rudolf Valentino R o d o l p h o
dian version of the F-86 jet-
Moore d’Antonguolla
fighter designated CF-86 or
Sage of Emporia Wi l l i a m Rudy Vallee H u b e r t P r i o r
CA-27 and originally built by
Allen White Vallee
North American as a single-
engine jet-fighter
Sage of Ferney Voltaire
Eponyms, Nicknames
Sage of Gramercy Park Sam-
salt of tartar potassium car- uel H Tilden—benefactor of
Sailor on Horseback J a c k
bonate the New York Public Library
London
Salvatoriello Salvator Rosa and governor of New York
Sailor’s Poet Charles Dibden
Saly Salvation Army Sage-hen(s) Nevadan(s)
Sailor’s Friend Samuel Plim-
Salzburg Philosopher B a l - Sage-Hen State Nevada
soll
duin V Schwarz Sage of Jena Ernst Haeckel
Sailor Town Norfolk, Virginia
Samar-behish (Persian—Fruit Sage of Kinderhook M a r t i n
Saint Anthony’s fire gangre-
from Heaven)—the mango Van Buren—eighth President
nous skin conditions such as
Samaritan Convair 48-passen- of the United States
ergotism, erysipelas, and hos-
ger military transport adapted Sage of Monticello T h o m a s
pital gangrene
from 240/440 series airliners Jefferson—editor of the Dec-
Saint Augie Saint Augustine,
Samian Sage P y t h a g o r a s , laration of Independence,
Florida
Greek mathematician-philos- founder of the University of
Saint Barts Saint Barthélemy
opher Virginia, third President of
or Saint Bartholomew in the
Samiel The Devil the United States
French West Indies
Sammy A m e r i c a n s o l d i e r Sage of Montpelier J a m e s
Saint Bart’s S a i n t B a r t h o -
(British slang); Samuel Madison—Father of the Con-
lomew’s Episcopal Church
Samoan Ports Apia (Samoa or stitution, fourth President of
Saint Croix Santa Cruz (in-
Western Samoa), Pago Pago the United States
habitants of this Virgin Island
called Cruzans)
(American Samoa)
Sage of Mount Vernon
Sam Slick Thomas Chandler George Washington—first
Saint Didacus San Diego de
Haliburton’s nickname President of the United States
Alcald de Henares
Samuel Edwards Noel Ber- Sage of Nininger I g n a t i u s
Saint Gotthard’s disease i n -
tram Gerson Donnelly
testinal hookworms
Samuel Falkland Heijermans Sage of Philadelphia B e n -
Saint of the Gutters N o b e l -
Herman jamin Franklin
prizewinner Mother Teresa of
Sam(uel) Goldwyn S a m u e l Sage of Popayán F r a n c i s c o
Calcutta
Goldfish José de Caldas
Saint-John Perse Alexis Léger
San Anto San Antonio, Texas Sage of Princeton Cleveland
Saint Martin’s evil dipsoma-
San Antone San Antonio, Texas Sage of Roanoke John Ran-
nia
San Berdoo San Bernardino, dolph
Saint Paddy Saint Patrick
California Sage of Samos Pythagorus
Saint-Simon Claude-Henri de
San Carlos de Bariloche B a r- Sage of the Shakyamuni S i d -
Rouvroy, Compte de Saint-
iloche, Argentina dhartha Gautama (Buddha)
Simon
Sanctimonious City Toronto, Sage of Sullivan Street Edgar
Saint Vitus’ dance chorea; in-
voluntary muscular twitching
Ontario’s nickname years ago sanctuary city any community
hospitable to refugees Sage of Walden Pond H e n r y
Varese
Saki Hector Hugh Munro
Sandcutters Arizonans David Thoreau
Salad Bowl of California
Sanders Alexander Sage of Wheatland J a m e s
Salinas Saladin Alvis armored car built
Sand Gropers Western Aus- Buchanan—fifteenth Presi-
in Britain and armed with a
dent of the United States
76mm gun
tralians Sandhill State Arizona
Sage of Yasnaya Polyana
Sandhillers Georgians; Illi- Count Leo Nikolayevich Tol-
Salish Soviet surface-to-sur-
face missile
noisans; South Carolinians Sandhurst R oy a l M i l i t a r y
stoy (1828–1910)
Sallie Sarah
Sage of Yoknapatawpha Will-
Sally Sara(h); South Atlantic
Academy at Sandhurst on the Blackwater River in southeast
iam Faulkner
(baseball) League (nickname)
Sagger Soviet antitank missile
Berkshire, England Sahara North Africa’s great
Sally Ann Salvation Army
Sand-lapper State S o u t h desert; the Breguet 765 troop
Sally Field Sally Mahoney
Carolina transport aircraft
Sally Rand Helen Gould Beck
Sand-lappers South Carolin- Sahel Sahel Countries (Cape
Salmon City Astoria, Oregon
ians Verde Islands, Chad, Gambia,
Salonika Thessalonika, Greece
Sandra Alessandra Mali, Mauritania, Niger,
Salop(ian) Shrewsbury; Shrop-
Sandra (Russian—Aleksan- Senegal, Upper Volta)
shire
dra or Alessandra or Alexan- Sailor City San Diego, Cali-
Salt City Syracuse, New York
dra) fornia
salt horse pickled meat served
Sandra Dee Alexandra Zuck Sailor Historian Samuel Eliot
to sailors and soldiers
Sandro Alessandro Morison
Salt Lake State Utah
Sandstone Federal Correc- Sailor King William IV of En-
Salton Sea formerly Salton
tional Institution at Sand- gland
Sink
saltpeter potassium nitrate
stone, Minnesota
Eponyms, Nicknames
sandwich generation a d u l t s
Savior of Church Music Gio- responsible for the support
Sapwood Soviet SS-6 intercon-
vanni Palestrina (c.1525– and care of both their children
tinental ballistic missile
1594) and their parents
Saracen British Alvis armored
Savior of England O l ive r Sandy Hook peninsula enclos-
personnel carrier
Cromwell ing Sandy Hook Bay and New
Sarah Bernhardt Rosine Ber-
Savior of the Nations s o b r i - York Lower Bay
nard’s stage name
quet earned by the Duke of Sandwich Islands H awa i i ;
Saratoga Saratoga chip (potato
Wellington at Waterloo discovered by Capt. James
chip); Saratoga trunk (old-
Savior of the Sierras J o h n Cook in 1778 and named for
fashioned round-top trunk);
Muir his sponsor John Montagu,
Saratoga water (often laxa-
tive); Saratoga vichy (im-
Savior of Southern Agricul-
ture George Washington Sandy San Diego, California;
the fourth Earl of Sandwich
bibed in mixed drinks or as a
Carver Sandra; Sandro; Saundra; a
health potion); formerly
Savoyards performers in the Scotsman
Schuylerville, New York
Savoy Operas of WS Gilbert Sandy Kitty Kansas City
Sardine Capital of Norway
and Arthur Sullivan sangre y pus (Spanish—blood
Stavanger
Sawbuck Sears-Roebuck; a and pus)—separatist nick-
Sardine Capital of the United
ten-dollar bill name for the vivid-red and
States Eastport, Maine
Sawdust City Oshkosh, Wis- golden-yellow flag of Spain
Sardonic Cartoonist Al Capp
consin San Fran San Francisco
Sarong Girl Dorothy Lamour
Sawney a Scotsman San Juan del Sur Greytown,
Sasha (Russian—Alexander or
Saxe Holm Helen Hunt Jack- Nicaragua
Aleksandr)
son San Pedro Sucio S a n P e d r o
Sasin Soviet SS-8 interconti-
Saxon Shore English coastline Sula, Honduras
nental ballistic missile
including Norfolk, Suffolk, San Quentin California State
Satanic City D ev i l s L a ke ,
Essex, Kent, Sussex, and Prison at San Quentin
North Dakota
Hampshire sansei (Japanese—third gener-
Satchel Leroy Paige
Sax Rohmer Arthur Sarsfield ation)—grandchild of Japa-
Satchmo S a t c h e l - M o u t h —
Wade’s pseudonym nese immigrants to the United
Louis Armstrong
Saybolt viscosity number States; (see ivvei, kibei, nisei)
Satirist of the Mexican Revo-
Say Hey Kid Willie Mays Sansovino Andrea Contucci
lution J o s é C l e m e n t e
Say No Otto Moore (basketball Santa Barbara Islands C a l i -
Orozco
player) fornia’s Channel Islands in-
Satirist-Skeptic Writer A n a -
Scandia southern Scandina- cluding Santa Catalina
tole France
vian peninsula—southern Santa Claus originally Sint
Saturday Night Massacre
Norway and Sweden Nicolaas in Holland
United States President Rich-
Scandinavia Denmark, Iceland, Santa Fleet Grace Line ships
ard Nixon’s order to fire Wa-
Norway, and Sweden (the of their fleet named Santa as
tergate special prosecutor
Faeroe Islands, Finland, and in Santa Barbara, Santa
Archibald Cox, who was in-
Greenland are sometimes in- Clara, Santa Teresa
vestigating Nixon in the Wa-
cluded) Santa ships Grace Line ves-
tergate scandal; Nixon’s at-
t o r n ey g e n e r a l , E l l i o t
Scandinavian Fun Capital
sels—all names begin with
Copenhagen, Denmark Santa
Richardson, resigned rather
Scandinavian Shield n o r t h - Santé nickname of the Parisian
than obey the order
ernmost Finland, Norway, prison at 42 rue de la Santé
Saudi Arabian Ports J i d d a h
and Sweden Santo Domingo City C i u d a d
or Juddah, the Red Sea ap-
Scapegoat Soviet medium- Trujillo
proach to Mecca; Ad Dam-
range two-stage interconti- San Ysidro, California f o r-
mam, Ras at Tannurah, Ras at
nental ballistic missile SS-14 merly Tia Juana; name
Mishab, and Ras at Khafji on
Scarface Mafia mobster Al Ca- changed to end confusion
the Persian Gulf
pone with Tijuana, Mexico and Tia
Sauk Centre Minnesota town
scatterables land mines scat- Juana River
described as Gopher Prairie
by Sinclair Lewis in Main
tered by aircraft
São Tomé and Principe’s Port
Street
Scenic Center of the South
Chattanooga, Tennessee Sap Moon full moon in March
São Tomé
Savage Soviet SS-13 three-
Sceptered Isle England; Great Sapper pseudonym of Lt Col
stage intercontinental ballis-
Britain Cyril McNeile—creator of
tic missile
Schlickstadt (German—Mud Bulldog Drummond
Savannahians natives of Sa-
Town)—German naval nick- sapphire blue corundum gem-
vannah, Georgia
name for Wilhelmshaven stone
Savior of Babies N a t h a n
Straus
Schnozzola Jimmy Durante
Eponyms, Nicknames
schoolboy nickname for co-
Seacat Short and Harland deine
Scott Fredericks Carl Shapiro
short-range surface-to-air School of Europe fi f t e e n t h -
Scottish Agnostic D av i d
missile used by naval vessels century Italian states such as
Hume (1711–1776)
Sea of Cortés Gulf of Califor- Florence, Mantua, Milan, and
Scottish Cradle of U.S. Presi-
nia also called the Vermillion Venice
dents Scotland, ancestral
home of Presidents Hayes and
Sea (El Mar Bermejo)
Schoolmaster in Politics
Sea of Cortez Gulf of Califor- Woodrow Wilson—twenty-
Monroe
nia (Mar de Cortés) eighth President of the United
Scottish Skeptic David Hume
Sea of Darkness A t l a n t i c States
Scouce(s) Liverpool (persons)
Ocean between Cape Verde
Schoolmaster of the Republic
Islands and west coast of Af- Noah Webster
Scourge of God Attila
rica; area often afflicted by Scillonian(s) inhabitant(s) of
dusty Harmattan blowing the Isles of Scilly
Scourge of Princes P i e t r o
from the Sahara seaward Scoop Washington state Sen- ator Henry Martin (Scoop)
Aretino
Scout Westland army helicopter
built in Britain
Sea Devil Count Felix von
Luckner Jackson
Sea Dogs originally the nick- Scorpion British Alvis tracked
Scoville Test measure of chil-
name of British pirates and reconnaissance vehicle;
ies’ hotness by how much
privateers but more recently NATO armored tank running
sugar water is required to neu-
applied to British seamen on five roadwheels and mounting an octagonal turret
tralize heat; invented by Wil-
Seafarer William Clark Rus- sell’s pseudonym gun; U.S. self-propelled
bur Scoville
Scrag Soviet SS-10-interconti-
Seafood Center Biloxi, Mis- 90mm antitank gun desig- nated M-56
nental ballistic missile Scrap Iron baseball catcher
sissippi Sea-girt Isle Great Britain Scotland Yard New Scotland
Clint Courtney
Sea-girt Province Nova Scotia Yard (London Metropolitan
Scrapper Blackwell F r a n c i s
Sea-green Incorruptible Car- Police)
Hillman Blackwell
lyle’s nickname for Robespi- Scotch S c o t c h b l a c k fa c e
Scrapple City A l l e n t ow n ,
erre (sheep); Scotch broth (barley,
Pennsylvania
Seagull Utah’s state bird and mutton, and vegetable soup);
Scrappy Bill Bill Joyce (base-
symbolic nickname some- Scotch mist (drizzle, fog, and
ball players)
times given its citizens— mist); Scotch whisky (dis-
scream machine amusement
Seagulls; Yugoslav two-place tilled from barley); Scotch
park roller coaster
single-engine jet aircraft woodcock (toast garnished
The Screamer General H Nor-
called Galeb with anchovy paste and
man Schwarzkopf (for his
Seahawk Armstrong-Whit- scrambled eggs)
communication style during
Scotch Bard Robert Burns worth carrier-based fighter-
the Gulf War)
Scotland’s Extremitude Dun- bomber aircraft
Screamin’ Jay Hawkins J a -
lacy J Hawkins
Sea Islands of Georgia
point of mainland Scotland Jekyll, Saint Simmons, Sea
net Head the northernmost
script kiddies computer hack-
ers who use hacking scripts
Scotland’s Principal Port
Island (all near Brunswick)
downloaded from the Internet
Glasgow
Sea Islands of South Carolina
Scud Soviet mobile tactical
Scotland Yard of Wildlife
Edisto, Folly, Hilton Head,
Crime Forensics Laboratory Hunting, Ladies, Murphy,
surface-to-surface missile
of the US Fish and Wildlife Parris, Port Royal, Saint Hel- Service
Sculptor of the Colossal
ena, Wadamalaw Scots Ports Leith, Granton,
Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi
Sea Killer British short-range Rosyth Dock Yard, Boness,
(Liberty Enlightening the
surface-to-surface missile Grangemouth, Alloa, Burnt
World)
Sea King Sikorsky transport island, Kirkaldy, Methil,
Sculptor of Great American
helicopter Dundee, Perth, Arbroath,
and French Scientists and
Sea Knight Boeing-Vertol he- Montrose, Aberdeen, Peter-
Statesmen J e a n A n t o i n e
licopter designated CH-46 head, Fraserburgh, Hopeman,
Houdon
Sea of Lot Dead Sea Inverness, Cromarty, Inver-
Sculptor-King Sculptor-King
Seamen’s Bible N a t h a n i e l gordon, Portmahomack,
Pygmalion of Cyprus
Bowditch’s New American Helmsdale, Wick, Thurso,
The Sea the Baltic, Bering,
Practical Navigator Scrabster, Stornoway, Oban,
Black, Caribbean, Japan,
Sea of the Plains D e a d S e a Campbeltown, Greenock,
Mediterranean, North, Philip-
along the Jordan River Plain Finnart, Rothesay Dock,
pine, South China
of Israel Glasgow, Ardrossan, Irvine,
Seabees Construction Battalion
(USN)
Seaport City of West Glamor-
Troon, Cairnryan
Sea-born City Venice
gan Swansea
Eponyms, Nicknames
Seaport on the Prairie C h i -
Servant of the Nation Secre- cago
Section 8 military discharge on
tary of the Treasury Albert Sea-Power Philosopher A d -
physical or psychological
Gallatin who financed the miral Alfred Thayer Mahan,
grounds; government-subsi-
Louisiana Purchase and USN
dized housing; mental case
found funds for the War of Sea Ranger Bell turbine-pow-
(military code)
1812 ered helicopter also known as
Securité France’s security ser-
Servetus Michael Servetus Jet Ranger
vice in Paris, also serves the
born of Spanish parents and Sea of Reeds the Red Sea
National Central Bureau of
baptized Miguel Serveto— Seashell Capital Sanibel Is-
Interpol
burned by order of Calvin in land, Florida
See-berg jukebox
1553 Seaside State New Jersey
Seekers truth-seeking Quakers
Seryozha ( R u s s i a n n i c k - Sea Stallion S i ko r s ky
Seeley Regester Metta Victo-
name— Sergei)—Serge heavy-assault helicopter des-
ria Fuller Victor
Set Svenholm K a r l Vi k t o r ignated CH-53
Seldom Ever Caught Running
Svanholm Sea of Stars sparking headwa-
nickname of the Southeastern
and Chatham Railway— SE
Seven (telephone) Sisters
ters of the Huango or Yellow
Ameritech, Bell Atlantic, Bell River of China rising in Tibet
& CR
South, NYNEX, Pacific Tele- sea story teller ( s e e S t o r y
Selebes (Dutch—Celebes)—
sis, Southwestern Bell, US Teller of the Sea)
Sulawesi
West Sea of Straw Tagus River es-
Selma Shulamith
Seven Deadly Sins A n g e r, tuauy
Selma Lagerlofland Sweden’s
Covetousness, Envy, Glut- Sea Venom DeHavilland car-
province of Värmland where
tony, Lust, Pride, Sloth rier-based fighter-jet aircraft
the Nobel prize-winning au-
Seven-Hill Cities Lisbon, Pra- Sea Vixen DeHavilland car-
thor was born
gue, Rome, and Valparaiso rier-based jet-fighter aircraft
Seminole Beech U-8 light
Seven Hills of Rome Ave n - sea water 96.4% water plus
transport aircraft
tine, Caelian, Capitoline, Es- 2.8% sodium chloride (com-
Senator Sam former U.S. Sen-
quiline, Palatine, Quirinal or mon salt) and smaller quanti-
ator Sam Ervin, Jr, of North
Colline, Viminal ties of magnesium chloride,
Carolina
Seven Provinces (see United magnesium sulfate, calcium
Senegal’s Ports S t L o u i s ,
Provinces) sulfate, and potassium chlo-
Seven Sages of Greece B i a s , ride; in inland seas such as the
Dakar, Rufisque; Karabane
Senior Service t h e B r i t i s h
Chilon, Cleobulus, Periander, Dead Sea and the Salton Sea
Navy
Pittacus, Solon, Thales these percentages vary
Señor Wences We n c e s l a o
Seven Seas Antarctic, Arctic, Sebastian Melmoth name as-
Indian, North Atlantic, South sumed by Oscar Wilde after
Moreno
Sentimental Rebel C l a r e n c e
Atlantic, North Pacific, South
Pacific oceans; term also ap- Gaol and lived in Paris until
Darrow
plied to the Andaman, Baltic, his death three years later
he was released from Reading
Sentinel of the Bolshevik
Bering, Caribbean, Mediter- seccy seconal (secobarbital
Counter-Revolution Cheka
separated brethren C h r i s -
ranean, South China, and Yel-
sedative, also nicknamed low seas
tians of opposing religious
seggy) Seven Sisters Barnard, Bryn
beliefs
Secession City C h a r l e s t o n , Mawr, Mount Holyoke, Rad-
Separationist State Rhode Is-
cliffe, Smith, Vassar, and South Carolina
land
Wellesley—all colleges for Second City Chicago
Sepia City New York City’s
women when first organized; Second Estate The Nobility
Harlem
Serengeti Serengeti National
BP (British Petroleum),
second-generation money
Exxon (Esso-Standard Oil), checks; cheques
Park in north-central Tanza-
Gulf, Mobil, Shell, SOCAL Second Reich German Repub-
nia in East Africa
(Standard Oil of California— lic (1919–1933)
Serengeti of North America
Chevron), Texaco-world’s Second Republic France un-
Yellowstone National Park
leading oil companies der the presidency of Louis
Serenissima Venice, Italy
Seventeenth State Ohio Napoleon from 1848 to 1852
Sergeant Sperry M G M - 2 9 A
Seventh Continent Antarctica Second State P e n n s y l va n i a
surface-to-surface missile
Seventh State Maryland (see (see First State)
serpentine hydrous magne-
First State) Second World highly industri-
sium silicate
Serpentine Suicide H a r r i e t
Seven Wonders of the Ancient
alized nations of the West
World Pyramids of Egypt, such as Belgium, France,
Shelley—first wife of the
Lighthouse of Pharos of Al- Germany, Italy, the Nether-
poet—drowned herself in the
exandria, Hanging Gardens lands, the United Kingdom
Serpentine of London’s Hyde
Park
and Walls of Babylon, Temple
Eponyms, Nicknames
of Artemis or Diana at Ephe-
Shoe City Auburn, Maine; Ha- sus, Statue of Zeus by Phidias
Shank End Cape Peninsula
nover, Pennsylvania; Lynn, at Olympia. Mausoleum at
below Cape Town, South Af-
Massachusetts Halicarnassus, Colossus of
rica
Shoeless Joe J o e J a c k s o n Rhodes
Shaq Shaquille O’Neal
(baseball player) Sewanee University of the
Shark Island Garden Key, Dry
Shooting Star Lockheed T-33 South in Sewanee, Tennessee
Tortugas (Fort Jefferson Na-
jet-fighter trainer aircraft Seward’s Folly nickname given
tional Monument reached by
shorlans armored cars Alaska in 1867 when Secre-
boat from Key West)
shotgun house h o u s e w i t h tary of State William H
sharpshooter casket pine cof-
rooms in a straight line Seward purchased the area
fin wide at the shoulders nar-
Shotgun Billy Gardner (base- from Russia for $7,200,000;
rowing to the feet
ball player) also called Seward’s Polar
Shaston Shaftesbury, England
Show-Me State Missouri Bear Garden
Sheep Islands Faeroe Islands
Showplace of the Orient Sin- Seward’s Icebox Alaska (see
Sheila Cecilia
gapore Seward’s Folly)
Shellfare t e r m f o r R oy a l
Shrike Texas Instrument air-to- Sex Francisco n i c k n a m e o f
Dutch/Shell Group payments
surface antiradar missile San Francisco
to Brunei government
shroudies Shroud of Turin afi- Sex Isle Mykonos in the Greek
shellouts cranberry beans
cionados Islands close to Piraeus, the
shell shock battle fatigue (in
Siam former name of Thailand port of Athens
World War I); variety of psy-
chotic and neurotic disorders
Siamese Siamese cat (fawn or
Sex Queen of Stage and
pale-gray breed of short-hair Screen Mae West
associated with the stress of
cat); Siamese fighting fish Sextan a Soviet class of trawlers
combat
(Betta); Siamese twins (con- Sexyola Sixaola, Costa Rica
Shelly Winters Shirley Schrift
genitally connected twins) Sexy Rexy Rex Harrison
Sheltie Shetland sheepdog
Siberian Express n i c k n a m e Seybrew Seychelles Islands
Shelty Shetland pony
for a devastatingly cold polar brew(ery)
Shepherd of the Ocean S i r
wind afflicting Canada and Seychelles Port Victoria
Walter Raleigh
Sheridan M-551 assault vehi-
much of the United States
Siberian salt mines nickname Shackleton Hawker-Siddeley
cle armed with a 152mm gun;
for forced-labor camps and craft
maritime reconnaissance air-
Sheridan House
Sheridan Girls Wyoming (de-
prisons
Sick Man of Africa n i n e - Shaddock Soviet surface-to-
linquent) Girls School at
teenthcentury Ethiopia surface missile
Sheridan
Sick Man of the Americas fe- Shafir Israeli air-to-air missile
Sherlock police computer re-
ver-infested nineteenth-cen- resembling the U.S.
cording and releasing essen-
tury Panama Sidewinder
tial information about many
Sick Man of Asia nineteenth Shahada Flag Saudi Arabian
criminal activities; nickname
century China green standard bearing white
of any good detective; inves-
Sick Man of Europe Tu r key letterin.g—the Moslem sha-
tigator created by novelist Sir
in the last years of the Otto- hada: "There is no god but
Arthur Conan Doyle— Sher-
man Empire and the reign of God—and Mohammed is his
lock Holmes; Sherlockian(s)
the sultans during most of the prophet."
Sherman M-4 tank armed with
nineteenth century and up to Shakopee Minnesota Correc-
high-velocity 76mm gun
1922 when the sultanate was tional Institution for Women
Shershen Soviet class of motor
abolished at Shakopee
torpedo boats (PT boats)
Shetland Shetland pony (small
Sick Man of South America
Shalimar Garden of Love on
nineteenth-century Ecuador Dal Lake in Kashmir
but stocky long-hair pony);
Siddhartha Gautama Buddha Shalom Aleichem S o l o m o n
Shetland sheepdog (miniature
Sidewinder air-to-air missile Rabinowitz, pseudonym;
collie); Shetland wool
produced by Motorola, based on the Hebrew greet-
Shevvie(s) native(s) of Shef-
Philco, and Raytheon ing—shalom alekhem—
field, Yorkshire
Sierra Leone’s Ports F r e e - peace be with you
Shillelagh anti-tank surface-to-
town, Pepel, Bonthe Shami Shamrock; Shulamith
surface guided missile pro-
Sierra Madre Sierra Madre Shamo ( C h i n e s e — S a n d y
duced by Aeronutronic
Desert of Mexico Waste)—the Gobi Desert
Shining Star of the Caribbean
Siete Leguas ( S p a n i s h — Shanghai mainland-China-
Puerto Rico
Seven Leagues)—famous built torpedo boat; principal
Ship of the Desert the camel
warhorse of Pancho Villa, the port of the People’s Republic
Shirley MacLaine S h i r l ey
Mexican bandit general of China
Maclean Beaty
Shitport Norfolk. Virginia
Signe Hasso Signe Larsson
Eponyms, Nicknames
Silence Dogwood B e n j a m i n
Sioux Bell Model-47 helicop- Franklin’s pseudonym used
Silver State of Malaysia
ter built in Britain, Italy, Ja- by him at age 15 when he
Perak
pan, and the United States wrote articles for the New
Silver Streak t h e E n g l i s h
Sioux State North Dakota England Courant
Channel
Sippie Wallace Beulah (Tho- Silent The Silent (William I—
Silver-Tongued Orator Wi l l -
mas) Wallace Prince of Orange)
iam Jennings Bryant
Sir Adrian Sir Adrian Boult Silent Cal taciturn President
Simmond’s disease premature
(conductor) Calvin Coolidge
senility caused by atrophy of
Sir Alec Sir Alec Guinness (ac- silent killer high-blood pres- sure
the pituitary
tor) silent service submarine ser-
Simone Pa u l i n e B e n d a ’s
Sir Alexander Sir Alexander vice
pseudonym
Simone Signoret Simone Ka-
Korda (motion-picture pro-
ducer) Silicon Alley South Broadway,
Sir Alfred Sir Alfred Hitch- home of New York City’s In-
minker
cock (author and film direc- ternet businesses
Simpson Simpson Desert of
tor) Silicon Beach San Diego, Cal-
central Australia
Sir Arnold Sir Arnold Bax ifornia
Sinatch nickname for Frank Si-
(composer) Silicon Glen Scotland’s central
natra
Sir Arthur Sir Arthur Bliss lowland towns specializing in
Sin Angeles (Spanish—with-
(composer-conductor); Sir microelectronics
out angels)—nickname given
Arthur Conan Doyle (writer Silicon Prairie Dallas, Texas
Los Angeles
and physician); Sir Arthur high-technology area
Sin Capital Singapore’s nick-
S(eymour) Sullivan (com- Silicon Valley high-technol-
name
poser-conductor-organist) ogy-oriented area around San
Sin City Las Vegas, Nevada
Sir Aurel Sir Aurel Stein (ar- Jose, California in Santa
Sin City of the West Geneva,
cheological explorer) Clara County; nickname for
Switzerland
Sir Benjamin Sir Benjamin Santa Clara County, Califor-
Singapore’s Ports Serangoon,
Britten nia
Singapore, Pulau Bukum, Pu-
Sir Bernard Sir Bernard Hai- Silk City Paterson, New Jer-
lau Sebarok
tink (Dutch conductor) sey, and Soochow, China
Singer of Singers E n r i c o
Sir Charles Sir Charles Chap- Silk Country China
Caruso
lin (better known as Charlie Silly Billy nickname of Will-
Singing Cowboy Gene Autry
Chaplin); Sir Charles Groves iam IV
Singing Nun Sister Luc-Gabri-
(conductor); Sir Charles Silver Age era when adorn-
elle (Jeanine Deckers)
Hallé (conductor-pianist and ments and implements were
Singing Preacher B o o ke r T
founder of Manchester’s made of silver; period be-
Washington White
Hallé Orchestra); Sir Charles tween the Golden Age and the
Mackerras (conductor); Sir Bronze Age
Singing Satellite Red China’s
Charles Villiers Stanford Silver City Broken Hills, New
first satellite, launched in
(composer-conductor-organ- South Wales, Australia;
1970, broadcast rhymed song
ist); Sir Charles Wheatstone Taxco, México
about Communist Party
chairman Mao Tse-tung
Silver City by the Sea A b e r-
Sir Charles Morell J a m e s deen, Scotland
Singing Tree casuarina (some-
(physicist)
Ridley’s pseudonym Silver Fox Duke Snider (base-
times called sighing tree or
Sir Clifford Sir Clifford Cur- ball player)
sobbing tree)
zon (pianist) Silver Gate entrance to San
Sing Sing nickname of the
Sir Colin Sir Colin Davis Diego Bay, California
New York State Penitentiary
Sir Dan Supreme S i r D a n silver industry jobs and busi-
at Ossining formerly named
Godfrey nesses centered around peo-
Sing Sing
Sir David Admiral Sir David ple age 65 and older
Sink of New England R h o d e
Beatty—First Earl of the Silverines Coloradans
Island; uncomplimentary
North Sea Silver King tarpon
nickname given by Massa-
Sir Edward composer-con- Silver Knight Senator Burton
chusetts Puritans appalled by
the separation of church and
state guaranteed in Rhode Is-
ductors Sir Edward Elgar and
Sir Edward German (origi- Silver Republic Argentina
K Wheeler
nally Edward German Jones) Silversmith Patriot Paul Re-
land’s royal charter
Sirens three nymphs named vere (also bellfounder and
Sin Sin Singapore
Leucosia, Ligeia, and Par- dentist)
Sin Strip S a n F r a n c i s c o ’s
thenope; their seductive sing- Silver State official nickname
North Beach area
ing lured sailors to their death of Nevada but also applied to
sin taxes taxes on alcohol, gas-
on rockbound coasts, when silver-rich Colorado
oline, and tobacco
Sinyavsky Abram Tertz
they failed to lure Odysseus
Eponyms, Nicknames
(Ulysses) they flung them-
Sixth Continent Australia selves into the waves and per-
Sir Kenneth S i r Ke n n e t h
Sixth State Massachusetts (see ished
McKenzie Clark
First State) Sir Ernest Sir Ernest Camp-
Sir Landon S i r L a n d o n
Skate City Northbrook, Illi- bell Macmillan (com-
Ronald (composer-conduc-
nois poser-conductor-educator-or-
tor-pianist)
Skean Soviet SS-5 intermedi- ganist)
Sir Laurence S i r L a u r e n c e
ate-range ballistic missile Sir Francis Sir Francis Bacon
Olivier (actor-director-pro-
ducer)
Skeptic-Philosopher Presi-
(philosopher politician); Sir
dent Thomas Jefferson Francis Drake (admiral-ex-
Sir Lennox Sir Lennox Berke-
Ski Capital Aspen, Colorado plorer-navigator); Sir Francis
ley (composer)
Ski City Oslo, Norway’s nick- Palgrave (historian)
Sir Malcolm Sir Malcolm Sar-
name Sir Frank Sir Frank Athelstane
gent (ballet-choral-orchestral
Ski Country Colorado Swettenham, lexicographer
conductor who was chief con-
Skid Row by the Sea S a n t a of Malaya and its one-time
ductor of the BBC and the
Monica, California colonial administrator
Promenade Concerts)
skinheads often neo-Nazis Sir Freddie Sir Freddie Laker
Sir Max Sir Max Beloff
who promote interracial vio- (airline organizer and opera-
Sir Michael Sir Michael Costa
lence tor)
(composer-conductor); Sir
Skinny Joey Joseph Merlino Sir Frederic Sir Frederic Co-
Michael Tippett (composer-
Skip James Nehemiah James wen (composer-conductor)
conductor-educator)
Skipper the Captain; the Com- Sir Georg Sir Georg Solti
Sir Pelham P(elham) G(ren-
mander (conductor-pianist knighted
ville) Wodehouse
Skowse Liverpool seaman for his services at Covent
Sir Ralph Sir Ralph Richard-
skunk nickname of a potent va- Garden where he conducted
son (actor)
riety of marijuana from 1961 to 1971)
Sir Thomas Sir Thomas Bee-
Skunk’s Misery former name Sir George Sir (Isador) George
cham (composer-conduc-
of Scranton, Pennsylvania Henschel (baritone-com-
tor-founder of the London
Skunk Works nickname of Air poser-conductor, founder of
Philharmonic Orchestra and
Force Plant 42 at Palmdale, the Scottish Symphony Or-
the Royal Philharmonic Or-
California chestra)
chestra)
Skybright Axe Paul Bunyan Sir Granville Sir Granville
Sir Victor Sir V S (Victor Saw-
Sky City Pueblo Acoma near Bantock (composer-conduc-
don) Pritchett (short-story
Alburquerque, New Mexico tor-teacher)
writer, novelist, critic and
Sky Crane Sikorsky crane heli- Sir Guatteral (Hobson-Job-
travel writer)
copter designated CH-54 or son—Sir Walter Raleigh)—as
Sir Wilfred Sir Wilfred Pelle-
S-64 known to many Spaniards in
tier (conductor)
Skymaster Douglas DC-4 44- colonial times
Sir William Sir William Her-
passenger transport also Sir Hamilton S i r H a m i l t o n
schel (astronomer-mathema-
tician-musician); Sir William
called Dakota
Harty (conductor) Skyscraper Capital New York
Walton (composer)
Sir Henry Sir Henry Bessemer City
Sir Winston Sir Winston Le-
onard Spencer Churchill
Skyscraper Port of the Orient
(engineer-inventor-metallur-
Hong Kong gist remembered for besse-
(former Prime Minister of
Skyservant Dornier utility air- mer steel); Sir Henry Wood
Great Britain)
(conductor) craft also designated DO-27
Sissy Cecilia; sister
Sir Hubert Sir Hubert Parry and DO-28; both built in Ger-
Sitting Bull Tatanka Iyotanka
(composer and musicologist) many
also known as Sitting Buffalo
Skytrain Douglas DC-3 21- Sir Isaac Sir Isaac Newton
Bill
passenger transport also (mathematician and natural
Six Counties Northern Ireland
called Dakota philosopher)
or Ulster’s counties of
Skyvan turboprop transport Sir John Sir John Barbirolli
Antrim, Armagh, Derry,
built by Short in Great Britain (conductor-violincellist); Sir
Down, Fermanagh, and Ty-
Skywagon Cessna 185E utility John Betjeman (poet laure-
rone
aircraft ate); Sir John Gielgud (actor)
Six-Day War June 5–10,1967,
Slabsides rustic cabin built by Sir John A Sir John Alexander
war between Israel and Arab
John Burroughs near Esopus, Macdonald (Canada’s first
forces
New York and third Prime Minister)
Six Nations Five Nations plus
slaked lime calcium hydroxide Sir John Mandeville Jehan de
the Tuscaroras (see Five Na-
(Ca[OH] 2 ) Bourgogne
tions)
slanguage slang language Sir John Retcliffe pseudonym
Six-Shooter Junction o l d
Slava Mstislav; Mstislav Ros- of author Hermann Goedsche
name of Harlingen, Texas
Sixteenth State Tennessee
tropovich’s nickname
Eponyms, Nicknames
Slave Capital of the South
Soccer War El Salvador’s in- Charleston, South Carolina
Smiling Stan Stan Hack
vasion of Honduras, 1969 before the Civil War
Smithy Ian Smith
soda ash sodium carbonate Slave Coast We s t A f r i c a n
Smog Capital of California
(Na 2 CO) 3 coastal area of Togo, Daho-
Los Angeles
Sodaks South Dakotans mey, and Nigeria
Smoke the Smoke (nickname
Sodoma (Italian—Sodomite)— Slave States former slave-hold-
for London)
Giovanni Antonio Bazzi ing states (Virginia, North and
Smokeless City R ey k j av i k ,
(1477–1549) South Carolina, Georgia,
lceland—heated by natural
Sofia Loren Sofia Scicoloni Florida, Alabama, Missis-
hot springs
Sofu-gan Japanese equivalent sippi, Louisiana, Texas, Ar-
Smokeless Coal Capital
of Lot’s Wife—volcanic islet kansas, Tennessee, Delaware,
Beckley, West Virginia
resembling a pillar of salt in Maryland, Kentucky, Mis-
Smoke that Thunders Victo-
the North Pacific between souri
ria Falls (Zambia)
Iwo Jima and Yokohama Sledge and Hoe official sym-
smokies smoked haddocks
Soho London’s avant-garde bol of Zaire The Sleeping Prophet E d g a r
Smoking Moses S h i s h a l d i n
district in the West End just Cayce
Volcano on South Umiak Is-
north of Trafalgar Square Sojourner Truth I s a b e l l a Sleep Personified H y p n o s
land off southwestern Alaska
Smoky City Pittsburgh. Penn-
Baumfree Solar Energy Capital L o s brother was Thanatos or death
(Greek—sleep) whose
sylvania before its Renais-
Angeles Sleepy Hollow New Jersey’s
sance Plan
Solar Energy State Arizona Trenton Prison
Smörgåsbordland S w e d e n
Sol de Mayo (Spanish—Sun Sleepy Joe Attorney General
(famous for its cold-table
fare)
of May)—symbol of indepen- Philander C Knox
snail mail mail sent through
dence appearing on the flags Sleepy John Estes John Ad-
and seals of Argentina and ams Estes
the postal service; non-elec-
Uruguay Slick Willie Bill Clinton, forty-
tronic mail Snapper Soviet antitank mis-
solder 50% lead, 50% tin (common solder) United States
second president of the
sile
soldier’s heart D a C o s t a ’s Slim Harpo James Moore
Snapper Capital of the World
syndrome Soledad Correctional Training Smuts
Pensacola, Florida
Slim Jannie J a n C h r i s t i a n
Snapshot City Rochester, New
Facility of the State of Cali- Slim Pickens Louis Lindley
York
fornia at Soledad Slinging Sammy S a m ( u e l )
snowbirds people who winter in
Solid City St Louis, Missouri (Adrian) Baugh of baseball
temperate areas
Solid South Southern United and football fame
Snow City Aspen, Colorado
States usually voting as a slop-jar used at night instead of
Snow-covered Continent
solid bloc: Alabama, Florida, bathroom or outhouse
Antarctica
Georgia, Louisiana, Missis- Slugger U.S.-made tank de-
Snow King Gustavus Adol-
sippi, South Carolina stroyer designated M-36
phus of Sweden
Snow Moon full moon in Feb-
Solina South Carolina
Slumbering Giant of Capitol
Solomon British pianist Hill The Library of Con-
ruary and November
Solomon Islands Port H o n i - gress
Snow Queen C h r i s t i n a —
ara on Guadalcanal Island Slumberjay Schlumberger
Queen of Sweden
Solomon seal six-pointed star Slut of the North E m p r e s s
snubbies snub-nosed handguns
consisting of two interlocking Elizabeth of Russia so nick-
Soap Box Derby Center A k -
triangles; sometimes called named by Frederick the Great
ron, Ohio
the shield of David of Prussia who called her la
soapstone saponite (hydrous
magnesium aluminum sili-
Solon of French Prose J e a n
Louis Guez de Balzac Sly Fox of Kinderhook M a r-
Catin du Nord cate)
Somalian Port Berbera tin Van Buren
Soapy G Mennen Williams
Somers’ Islands Bermuda smack nickname for heroin
Soapy Sam Samuel Wilber-
force, Bishop of Winchester,
Somnolent City of the Sahara
Smack Henderson F l e t c h e r
Timbuktu Henderson
who debated Darwin’s theory
Song of Songs The Song of Small Islands (see Microne-
of evolution with Professor
Solomon sia)
Thomas Henry Huxley, pres-
Son House Eddie James House Smelly Place Hong Kong (also
ident of the Royal Society
Son of Sam David Berkowitz called Fragrant Harbor)
Socialist Pope Daniel De Leon
Son of Nature Henry David Smelter City Anaconda, Mon-
Society Capital N ew p o r t ,
Thoreau tana
Rhode Island
Son of the Ocean Ya n g t s e Smiling Jim James A Farley
Society of Friends the Quak-
ers
River
Eponyms, Nicknames
Son of the Star Bar Kochba—
osa ) ; S p a n i s h fl y military leader of the Jews
The Southern Valley of Medic-
(cantharides); Spanish grippe who revolted against the Ro-
inal Plants Bhutan (its origi-
(influenza); Spanish heel mans in the year 132 A.D.
nal name)
(woman’s high heel); Spanish Son of Valladolid José Zorilla
South Jersey Coast A t l a n t i c
influenza (highly infectious Sonny Boy Williamson Aleck
City to Cape May
respiratory viral disease); Miller
southpaw left-handed baseball
Spanish lime (genip); Spanish Sonny Terry Saunders Terrell
pitcher
mackeral (Jack mackeral); Sonya Sophia
South Pacific between Austra-
Spanish Moss (epiphytic Sonya (Russian nickname—
lia and South America con-
plant growing in long fes- Sophia)
taining South Sea Islands;
toons on the branches of live Soo Sault Ste Marie (canal and
South Pacific Ocean
oak trees in the southern locks)
South Pole 90 degrees South
latitude; zero degrees longi-
United States); Spanish ome- let (made with green peppers,
Soo Bridge Sault Ste Marie In-
tude; southernmost point on
tomatoes, and seasoning); ternational Bridge
the earth; discovered by Nor- w eg i a n ex p l o r e r R o a l d
Spanish rice (made with cay- Soo Canals Sault Ste Marie
enne pepper, chopped onions, Canals
Amundsen in 1911
and tomatoes); Spanish topaz Soo Line Minneapolis, St Paul
South River old name for the
(citrine); Spanish trefoil (al- & Sault Ste Marie (railroad)
Delaware River
falfa) Sooner State Oklahoma
South Seas S o u t h Pa c i fi c
Spanish Africa cities of Ceuta Sopac Southern Pacific Rail-
Ocean
and Melilla; term formerly in- road (stock exchange nick-
South Seymour Island, Galá-
cluded Spanish Guinea, name)
pagos Baltra
Spanish Morocco, and the Sophia Loren Sofia Scicolone
Southwest southern California
Spanish Sahara Sophie Tucker Sophia Abuza
and Nevada, Arizona, New
Spanish America S p a n i s h - Sorbonne University of Paris
Mexico, and western Texas
speaking countries of Latin Sorebacks Virginians
South-West Africa f o r m e r l y
German South-West Africa;
America
Sorghum Capital of the
Spanish Film Pioneer L u i s World Hawesville, Ken-
Namibia
Buñuel tucky
Southwest Border b e t w e e n
northern Mexico (Tijuana to
Spanish Founder of the Secu-
Soul of American Law C l a r-
lar School System F r a n - ence Darrow
Matamoros) to southern
cisco Ferrer Soul City Harlem district of
United States (California, Ar-
Spanish Guinea former West New York City
izona, New Mexico, Texas)
African colony on the Gulf of Soul Man Bobby Blue Bland
Southwest Sun Belt Arizona,
Guinea; included Fernando Soupy Sales Milton Hines
California, Hawaii, Nevada,
New Mexico, Ohlahoma, and
Po, Rio Muni, and offshore
Southern Gateway of New
islets England Rhode Island
Texas
Soybean King D wa y n e O r-
Spanish Honduras Republic of Honduras in Central Amer-
Southern Hemisphere t h e
ville Andreas
ica world south of the equator
Space Capital of the United
Spanish Main Spanish-speak- Southern Ireland Republic of
States Colorado Springs
ing Latin America and north- Ireland
Space City Houston, Texas
ern South America bordering southern lights aurora austra-
(NASA headquarters)
the Caribbean from Mexico to lis
Space Coast Florida’s Cape
Venezuela, including Guate- Southern Ocean A n t a r c t i c
Canaveral area
mala, Honduras, Nicaragua, sections of the Atlantic, In-
Space Needle City S e a t t l e ,
Costa Rica, Panama, and Co- dian, and Pacifc oceans
Washington
Space Scientist Premier Kraft
lombia
Southern Part of Heaven
A Ehricke (1917–1984)
Spanish Monastic Painter
Francisco de Zurbarán Southern Poet Sidney Lanier
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Spain’s Forgotten Forest E x -
Spanish Morocco formerly all (The Marshes of Glynn, The
tremadura
of coastal and northwestern Song of the Chattahoochee,
Spain’s Largest Port B a r c e -
Morocco but now only Al- Sunrise)
lona
hucemas, Ceuta, the Chafari- Southern Rhodesia Z i m b a -
spam bulk unsolicited elec-
nas islands, Melilla, and bwe
tronic mail
Peñon de Vélez Southern States Vi rg i n i a ,
Spaniola(s) British slang for
Spaniards(s)
Spanish National Composer
Manuel de Falla Georgia, Florida, Alabama,
North and South Carolina,
Spanish S p a n i s h b a y o n e t
(Yucca); Spanish cedar (fra-
Spanish Naturalist Painter
Mississippi, Tennessee, Ar-
Diego Rodriguez de Silva y kansas, Louisiana, and Texas
grant neotropical wood);
Spanish dagger (Yucca glori-
Velásquez
Eponyms, Nicknames
Spanish Netherlands a l l t h e
Sport of Kings (horseracing— Lowland Countries (Belgium,
Spartans of the Prairies Com-
a sport only kings can afford) Luxembourg, and the Nether-
manche Indians
Sportsman’s Paradise Louisi- lands) when they were under
Speaker’s Corner n o r t h e a s t
ana Spanish rule
corner of London’s Hyde
Sports Town, U.S.A. San Di- Spanish Ports Pasajes, San Se-
Park
ego, California bastian, Zumaya, Santurce,
Special K Larry Kenon (bas-
Spree River City Berlin Portugalete—Bilbao, Las
ketball player); Kermit Wash-
spring onions scallions Arenas—Bilbao, El Desi-
ington (basketball player)
Spruce Goose n i c k n a m e o f erto—Bilbao, Castro Urdi-
Specie-Payment President
Howard Hughes’ Hercules ales, Santander, Gijón, Musel,
James Abram Garfield
H4 319-foot-wingspan flying Aviles, San Esteban, El Ferrol
speed nickname for metham-
boat powered by eight wing- del Caudillo, La Coruña, Vil-
phetamine drugs
mounted engines legarcia, Pontevedra, Marín,
Spencer Spiridione
Spud Island Prince Edward Is- Vigo, Santa Cruz de Tenerife
Sphinx of Concord R a l p h
land and La Luz Gran Canaria (on
Waldo Emerson
Square Deal n i c k n a m e f o r the Canary Islands), Huelva,
Spica Swedish-built patrol boat
economic and political phi- Bonanza, Coria del Río,
carrying a 57mm gun and six
losophy of Theodore Sevilla, Rota, Cádiz, Al-
torpedo tubes
Roosevelt geciras, Málaga, Motril,
Spice Island Grenada (noted
Square Grouper floating bales Adra, Almería, Cartagena,
for nutmeg, cloves, and mace)
Spice Islands I n d o n e s i a ’s
of marijuana
Square Mile London’s finan- celona, Palamós, (and on the
Alicante, Valencia, Castellon
de la Plana, Tarragona, Bar-
Moluccas; West Indian is-
cial center Balearic Islands— lbiza,
lands of Grenada and the
Square Mile of Vice L o n - Palma, Mahon)
Windwards
don’s Soho and East End Spanish Presidios Ceuta and
Spider of Florence M a c h i a -
Squaresville area inhabited Melilla on the Alboran coast
velli
mainly by citizens who frown Spanish Riviera Spain’s Med-
Spike Jones L i n d l ey A r m -
on all types of criminal activ- iterranean resorts
strong
ity and cooperate with the po- Spanish Sahara former col-
Spillionaires those who make
lice ony on Africa’s northwest
money from oil spills
squash box accordion coast where it included Río de
Spinach Capital of the World
Squatter State Kansas Oro and Saguia el Hamra un-
Crystal City, Texas (replete
Squid Sidney Moncrief (base- til 1976 when it was ceded by
with a statue of Popeye)
ball player) Spain and divided between
Spindle City Lowell, Massa-
Squire of Hyde Park F r a n k - Mauritania and Morocco
chusetts
lin D Roosevelt Spanish-speaking Places A n -
Spindrift Ernest Toone
Squire of Monticello Thomas dorra, Argentina, Balearic Is-
Spine of South Africa D r a k -
Jefferson lands, Bolivia, Canary Is-
ensberg Mountains
Spirit of Freedom State Mas-
Squire of Warm Springs
lands, Ceuta and Melilla,
Franklin D Roosevelt Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,
sachusetts
Sri Lankan Ports C o l o m b o , Cuba, Dominican Republic,
spirits of hartshorn ammonia
Galle, Trincomalee Ecuador, El Salvador, Equa-
water (NH 4 OH)
spirits of salts hydrochloric
Sri Lanka’s Principal Port
torial Guinea, Guam, Guate-
Colombo mala, Honduras, Mexico,
acid
S S Van Dine Willard Hunt- Morocco, Nicaragua, Pan-
Spiritual Father of the French
ington Wright (1888–1939) ama, Paraguay, Peru, Philip-
Revolution Rousseau
Stagecoach Town Fort Worth, pines, Puerto Rico, Spain,
Splendid Splinter Ted Will-
Texas Spanish Sahara, United
iams (baseball player)
Stagirite Aristotle the Stagir- States, Uruguay, Venezuela,
Spoils-System President A n -
ite—so named as he was born etc.
drew Jackson
in Stagira, Macedonia) Spanish State New Mexico
Spokesman for the Negro
Stagville nickname for West Spanish Town Jamaican re-
Booker T Washington
Hollywood, California’s sort; Tampa, Florida
Spokesman for the Oppressed
Santa Monica Boulevard Spanish West Africa Sidi Ifni
George Meany
Stalin (Russian—steel)—losif Spanky George McFarland
Sponge City Tarpon Springs,
Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili Sparrow McDonnell-Douglas
Florida
Stalingrad former name of air-to-air missile
Spoon River Edgar Lee Mas-
Tsaritsyn now called Volgo- sparrow grass asparagus
ters, poetic appellation for
grad Sparse Grey Hackle A l f r e d
Lewistown, Illinois
Standard Arm General Dy- Waterbury Miller’s pen name
Spoon River Poet Edgar Lee
Masters
namics anti-radar missile
Eponyms, Nicknames
Standard Oil King J o h n
St Luke’s Summer f i n e D(avison) Rockefeller, Sr
State of the Thousand Islands
weather that occurs around Stanislavski Konstantin Ser-
Maldive Islands
October 18, St Luke’s Day geevich Alekseev
Statia Saint Eustatius (Nether-
St Martin’s evil dipsomania Stan Laurel Arthur Stanley
lands Antilles)
St Martin’s Summer f i n e Jefferson
St Dymphna’s disease insan-
weather that occurs around Stanley Sir Henry Morton
ity
November 11, St Martin’s Stanley whose original name
Steak Center K a n s a s C i t y,
Day was John Rowlands
Missouri
St Mathurin’s disease e p i - Stanley Ketchell S t a n i s l a u s
stealth bomber B-2 advanced
lepsy Kiecal (boxer)
technology bomber
Stoky L e o p o l d S t o kow s k i Stanleyville former name for
Steel Baron Andrew Carnegie
(conductor-impressario-tran- Kisangani, Zaire
Steel Center of the South
scriber—originally named Stan the Man Stan Musial
Birmingham, Alabama
Antoni Stanislaw Bolesla- Stanton Forbes pseudonym of
Steel City Bethlehem, Penn-
wowics—later adopted name De Loris Stanton Forbes
of Leo Stokes but since early Star City Lafayette, Indiana
sylvania; Pittsburgh, Pennsyl-
vania
Steelmaker Joe Magarac
1900s appeared as Leopold
Star City of the South
Stokowski) Roanoke, Virginia
Stomach Steinway accordion Star and Crescent M o s l e m
Steel-Master Philanthropist
(attributed to Mark Twain) symbol appearing on arms and flags of Algeria, Libya,
Andrew Carnegie
Stone Age prehistoric era when implements and weapons Malaysia, Mauritania, Paki-
Steel State Pennsylvania
Stegners Stegner Fellows at
were made from stone—age stan, Singapore, Tunisia, Tur-
Stanford University (for writer Wallace Stegner)
divided into paleolithic, me- key
solithic, and neolithic periods Star of David Judaic symbol
Stein and Toklas G e r t r u d e
Stone of Heaven jade consisting of two superim-
Stein and Alice B Toklas
Stonewall Jackson G e n e r a l posed equilateral triangles
Steiny Charles Proteus Stein-
Thomas Jonathan Jackson of forming a six-pointed star;
metz
the Confederate Army device also called the Seal of
Stella Maris ( L a t i n — S e a -
Storm Norwegian high-speed Solomon or the Shield of
man’s Star)—(see Polaris)
motor gunboat David
Stendhal pseudonym—Marie-
Stormalong Arthur Bulltop Star of the East Vladivostok
Henri Beyle
Storm King American meteo- Starfighter Lockheed single-
Stepin Fetchit Lincoln Perry
rologist James Pollard Espy engine jet-fighter aircraft
step sister of religion s u p e r-
Story Teller of the Sea sobri- built in Belgium, Canada,
stition
quet shared by Conrad, Coo- Germany, Italy, and the Neth-
sterling silver 92% silver, 8%
per, de Hartog, Forester, erlands
copper
Stevie Wonder Stevland Mor-
Innes, London, McFee; Mar-
Star of the Indian Ocean
ryat, Masefield, Melville, co- Mauritius
ris
authors CB Nordhoff and Starlifter C-141 Lockheed
Stewart Granger James Stew-
JN Hall, and Verne cargo and troop transport
art
St Paddy Saint Patrick Star of the North King Gusta-
stick baton’s nickname
St Paddy’s Day Saint Patrick’s vus Adolphus of Sweden;
Sting Gordon Sumner
Day (March 17) Minnesota
Stinkstein (German—stink-
Strabolgi Joseph Montague Stars and Bars fl a g o f t h e
stone)—coal-black limestone
Kenworthy Confederate States of Amer-
or marble giving off a fetid
Strangler wrestler Ed (Stran- ica
odor when rubbed because of
gler) Lewis originally named Star Spangled Banner anthem
its bituminous or carbon-
Robert H Friedrich of the United States of Amer-
aceous inclusions; also called
Stratford Will William Shaks- ica and nickname of its flag
anthraconite
pere Starspeak Star Wars lang-
Stirville S i n g S i n g p r i s o n
Stratofreighter Boeing 707/ guage
(Ossining, New York)
720 transports adapted for Stars and Stripes flag of the
St-Jean-des-Puces (French—
military service and desig- United States of America
St John of the Fleas)—nick-
nated C-135 Star Wars Strategic Defense
name of the Franco-Spanish
Stratotanker Boeing jet tanker Initiative
border town of St-Jean-de-
designated KC-135 State of Excitement Western
Luz (St John of Light or St
Strawberry Bill Bill Bernhard Australia
John of the Marshes)
Strawberry Capital H a m - States the United States of
St-John Perse Alexis Saint-
mond, Louisiana America
Leger’s pen name
Strawberry Moon full moon in State of Spain New Jersey
St John’s evil epilepsy; old
nickname for epilepsy
June
Eponyms, Nicknames
Stream of Pleasure T h a m e s
vincible)—Romans short- River above London
Sudanese Port Bur Sudan
ened this to Sol; Surya The Street Wall Street
Sudanese Sister Cities K h a r-
(Hindu) Street Haven To r o n t o , O n -
toum and Omdurman
Suds City Milwaukee, Wis-
Sunken Continent of the
tario’s center for the rehabili-
Atlantic Atlantis tation of prostitutes
consin—famous for beer
Sue Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton
Sunken Continent of the
Street of Ink F l e e t S t r e e t ,
Pacific Lemuria London with its many news-
dug from a cliff in South Da-
Sun King Louis XIV (Le Roi paper offices
kota in 1990
Soleil ) Street of Sorrows New York
Sugar Bowl N ew O r l e a n s ,
Sun of May El Sol de Mayo— City’s Wall Street; old-fash-
Louisiana
revolutionary symbol on the ioned nickname for any thor-
Sugar Country Queensland,
great seals of Argentina, Ec- oughfare frequented by
Australia
uador, and Uruguay; standing street-walkers
Sugar Islands L e ewa r d I s -
for national emergence in the S-town Spanishtown
lands of the West Indies
fight for freedom Strikemaster British BAC 167
Sugar King Claus Spreckels
sunnie(s) sunfish(es) ground-attack jet aircraft
sugar of lead lead acetate
Sunny Alberta Canada’s Prov- Strix Peter Fleming
Sugar State Louisiana
ince of Alberta Stub Toe State Montana
Suicide Capital of the United
Sunnyside Washington Irv-
Student of Democracy B r i t -
States San Francisco
ing’s home near Tarrytown, ish Ambassador James Bryce- author of The American Com-
Suicide Capital of the World
Budapest
New York Sunny South southern United
States Studioland Hollywood, Cali-
monwealth
Suliman seal five-pointed pen-
tagrammic star; symbol of
Sunrise Poet Sidney Lanier fornia
Morocco and other Islamic
Sunset Land Arizona August
Sturgeon Moon full moon in
lands
Sunset State Arizona; Oregon St Valentine’s disease e p i -
Sulphur King Herman Frasch
Sultan of Brunei Sultan Has-
Sunshine Capital of the United
States Yuma, Arizona St Vitus’ dance epilepsy
san Bolkiah
Sunshine City Saint Peters- Styx Soviet surface-to-surface
lepsy
Sultan of Swat George Her-
burg-Tampa, San Diego, Tuc- naval missile
man (Babe) Ruth
son, Yuma, and Durban, Subbotnik (Russian—Little
Summerless Southland
South Africa—City of Sun- Saturday)—Red Saturday—
southernmost New Zealand
shine annual holiday when people
on its South Island south of
Sunshine Coast British Co- clean up factory sites and
Dunedin
lumbia from Lund to Vancou- neighborhoods as well as
Summit City Akron, Ohio
ver; Queensland’s coast from parks and other public places
Sun Belt s o u t h e r n U n i t e d
Brisbane to Noosa Subcontinent of Asia India
States extending from Florida
Sunshine Continent Australia Sublime Porte nickname for
to Hawaii
Sunshine Province A l b e r t a , the government of the Turkish
Sun Bowl El Paso, Texas
Canada Empire in the times of the sul-
Sun City St Petersburg, Flor-
Sunshine State Florida, New tans
ida; Yuma, Arizona
Mexico, and South Dakota; Submarine Capital G r o t o n ,
Sun Flag Hi-no-maru—sun
Queensland, Australia; offi- Connecticut
flag of Japan—Land of the
cial nickname of Florida Subtropical Siberia Castro’s
Rising Sun—red sun on a
sunshine vitamin Vitamin D Cuba
white field
super aspirin Cox-2 inhibitors subversive delinquents politi-
Sunflake City Grand Forks,
(anti-inflammatory drugs) cal prisoners
North Dakota
Super Constellation L o c k - Subway City New York
Sunflower(s) Kansan(s)
heed transport carrying 99 Successor of Saint Peter t h e
Sunflower State Kansas
passengers Pope
Sun God Adonis (Syrian);
Superdome City New Orleans, Sucker State I l l i n o i s n i c k -
Apollo (Roman); Apollon
Louisiana name dating from pioneer
(Greek); Baal (Chaldean);
Super Falcon Hughes air-to-air days when settlers sucked wa-
Helios Hyperion (Greek in
missile also called Nuclear ter from underground springs
Homer’s time); Horus (sym-
Falcon with long hollow tubes called
bolized in Upper Egypt by a
Super Frelon Sud antisubma- suckers
hawk); Mithras (Persian);
rine helicopter developed in Suckers Illinoisans
Moloch (Canaanite); Osiris
France Sudan Sudan Desert of the
(Egyptian); Ra or Re (sym-
Super G super giant slalom north-central Libyan and Sa-
bolized in Egypt’s Old King-
dom by an obelisk); Sol In-
Superman Philosopher
hara deserts
victus (Latin—Sun In-
Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche
Eponyms, Nicknames
Superman of the Prize Ring
Swedish Ports Lysekil, Udde- Joe Louis
Sverdlov Soviet class of light
valla, Göteborg, Varberg, Super Mystere D a s s a u l t
cruisers
Falkenberg, Halmstad, Hoga- fighter-bomber and jet inter-
Sverdlovsk formerly Ekaterin-
nas, Viken, Halsingborg, ceptor built in France
burg where the Soviets mur-
Landskrona, Malmö, Lim- Super Sherman U . S . M - 4
dered the last of the czars and
hamn, Klagshamn, Trelle- Sherman tank modernized
his family; terminus of the
Trans-Siberian railroad and
borg, Ystad, Simrishamn,
Superstition Personified
A h u s , S o l ve s b o rg , Abessa who sought sanctuary
place where Asia is said to
Karlshamn, Ronnebyhamn, behind convent walls shield-
look at Europe
Karlskrona, Kalmar, Oskar- ing her from truth, according
Swamp Fox sobriquet shared
shamn, Slite, Farosund, to Spenser’s Faerie Queene
by Revolutionary War general
Visby, Vastervik, Mem, Nor- Supertenor Luciano Pavarotti
Francis Marion as well as by
Confederate generals Nathan
rkoping, Oxelosund, Nykop-
Supporter of the Universe
ing, Sodertaije, Nynashamn, Atlas, in the Rornan mythol-
Bedford Forrest and Philip
Stockholm, Vasteras, Oregr- ogy; the ash tree Ygdrasil in
Dale Roddey
und, Skutskar, Kastet, Gavle, Norse mythology
Swamp State South Carolina
Vallvik, Ljusne, Sandarne, Supreme Buffoon A l f r e d
Swan of Avon Ben Jonson’s
Soderhamn, Hudiksvall, Jarry (1873–1907)
name for Shakespeare
S u n d s va l l , H a r n o s a n d , Supreme Genius Leonardo da
Swan City P e r t h , We s t e r n
Gustavsvik, Ornskoldsvik, Vinci
Australia
Swanland southwestern Aus-
Pitea, Lulea, Haparanda
Supreme Genius of Spanish
Swedish West Indies St Barts Painting Diego Rodríguez
tralia
Swan of Mantua Virgil
(St Barthélmy now a French
de Silva y Velázquez
colony)
Supreme God of the Hindus
sweetening adding new sound Brahma
Swan of Meander Homer
Swan of Pesaro G i o a c c h i n o
Supreme Governor of the
Antonio Rossini who was
after movie soundtrack is fin-
Church of England t h e
born in Pesaro, Italy
ished
sweet leaf stevia King or Queen
Swan River Colony P e r t h
Sweet Singer of the Sierras Supreme Pontiff of the Univer-
built around the River Swan
Joaquin Miller Sure Shot Fred Dunlap (base-
sal Church the Pope
in Western Australia
Swanside Perth, Western Aus-
Sweyn Forkbeard King Svend
of Denmark ball player)
tralia
Swing Era big-band era of Dr José Pedro de Freitas
Surgeon of the Rusty Knife
Swansider(s) inhabitant(s) of
1930s and ’40s Arigo of Congonhas do
Perth on the Swan River estu-
Swingfire British BAC air- Campo, Brazil
ary of Western Australia
launched or ground-launched Suriname Ports Nieuw Nicke-
Swatow mainland-China-built
antitank missile rie, Paramaribo, Paranam,
fast patrol craft
Swiss Swiss chard (beetlike Moengo, Albina
Swatter Soviet antitank missile
herb used in stews); Swiss Surveyor American program
Sweden’s Most Popular Sculp-
cheese (Emmenthaler cheese for lunar surface and subsur-
tor Vi l h e l m C a r l E m i l
characterized by its pale-yel- face exploration
Milles (originally surnarned
low body and many holes); Survivor syndrome symptoms
Anderson)
Swiss lapis (imitation lapis la- of insomnia, nightmares, anx-
Sweden’s Principal Port
zuli); Swiss muslin (curtain iety, et cetera first described
Göteborg (Gothenburg)
material); Swiss steak (thin in Nazi concentration camp
Swedish Swedish massage
slice of steak doused in flour survivors
(based on Swedish-type phys-
and vegetables); Swiss watch Susan Hayward Edythe Marr-
iotherapeutic movements);
Swedish mile (10 kilome-
Swiss Cheese Capital of the
U.S.A. Monroe, Wisconsin Susan Sarandon Susan Toma-
ener
ters); Swedish movements
Swiss Day Independence Day ling
(physiotherapeutic exer-
(August 1) Susie Susan; Susannah; Su-
cises); Swedish putty
(spackle + spar varnish water-
Swiss Family of Mathemati-
zanne
proofing mixture); Swedish
cians and Scientists t h e
Sussex Seaport Garden
Bernoullis Resort Felixstowe
turnip (rutabaga)
Swiss Family of Painters t h e Suzy Susan; Susan B Anthony
Swedish Film Pioneer I n g -
Fuesslis dollar; Susanna; Susanne
mar Bergman
Swiss Riviera northern shores Svengali Squad Los Angeles
Swedish Hanseatic Port City
of Lake Lucerne Police Department’s hypnosis
Visby on the island of Got-
Switzerland of Africa Zimba- squad
land
bwe, because it was stable, Svensker(s) Swedish sailor(s)
Swedish Nightingale J e n ny
Lind
quiet, and prosperous
Eponyms, Nicknames
Switzerland of America C o l -
Teacher President J a m e s orado, Maine, New Hamp-
tangs tangerines
Abram Garfield—twentieth shire, New Jersey, West Vir-
Tangerine Bowl Orlando, Flor-
President of the United States ginia; Eagle Cap Wilderness,
ida
Teachers Day September 28 in Oregon
Tank Bob Brannum (basketball
many Oriental lands where it Sycamore Bristol four-place
player)
is also the birthday of Con- helicopter
Tanya (Russian nickname—
fucius Sycamore City Terre Haute,
Tatiana, Tatyana)
Teague (nickname for an Irish- Indiana
Tanyu Morinobu Kano (see
man); Terence symbol of suffering the Chris-
Kano)
The Team of the ‘90s Atlanta tian cross
Tanzanian Ports Lindi, Dar es
Salaam, Tanga, Chake Chake
Braves (baseball)
Synthesizer of Adrenalin
Teapot Dome U.S. Navy’s pe- Jokichi Takamine
and Zanzibar
troleum reserve near Casper, Syrian Ports Latakia and Ban-
Tapatios Mexicans from the
Wyoming and name of a po- iyas
state of Jalisco or from Guad-
litical scandal during the ad- Taco Town San Diego, Califor-
alajara—its capital
ministration of President Har- nia
Target Island Kahoolawe, Ha-
ding Tadpoles Mississippians
waii
tear gas chloroacetophenone; Taffie(s) Welsh person(s)
Tarheeler(s) North Carolin-
irritant gas that causes tempo- Taffy diminutive of David the
ian(s)
rary blindness as well as irri- tutelar saint of Wales; nick-
Tar Heel State North Carolina
tation of the mucous mem- name for a Welshman
Tartar General Dynamics na-
branes and the skin Taig Terence
Tear-jerking Giacomo G i a - Tailhook term for Navy and
val surface-to-air missile
tartar emetic potassium anti-
como Antonio Domenico Marine Corps aviators’ sex-
mony tartrate
Michele Secondo Maria Puc- ual-harassment scandal fol-
cini (1858–1924) lowing 1991 Tailhook Asso-
Tartu Dorpat
teathers ringworms ciation convention in Las
Tasha (Russian nickname—
Telman Malaysian name for Vegas, Nevada
Natasha)
t h e C L - 4 1 Wa s p a t - Taiwan (Chinese—Terrace Bay)—island of Formosa—
Tasmania modern name for
tack-trainer aircraft Teche Country Bayou Teche the Republic of China
Van Diemen’s Land
Tassie(s) Tasmanian(s)
county, Louisiana Taj Mahal Henry Sainte Claire Fredricks
Tassy Tasmania Tassyland Tasmania (Austra-
Technion Israeli Institute of Technology Takla Makan Takla Makan
lian slang)
techno-baby test-tube baby Desert of northern China
Tat Tatshenshini River, British
Tecumseh Girls’ Town correc- talking cure psychoanalysis
Columbia, Canada
tional facility at Tecumseh, Tall Boy Gouverneur Morris—
Tatertown Gleason, Tennes-
Oklahoma amanuensis of the Constitu-
see—shipping point for pota-
Teddy Teddy Roosevelt (The- tion of the United States
toes grown in the region
odore Roosevelt) Tall City Midland, Texas
Tavern of Europe Paris
Ted(dy) Edward; Theodore; Talleyrand Charles Maurice de
Taxachusetts Massachusetts
Theodosia Talleyrand-Périgord
Taxassee Tallahassee
Ted (Kid) Lewis G e r s h o n Tallinn ( E s t o n i a n — D a n e ’s
Tax Day U.S. federal taxes due
Mendeloff (boxer) Town)—formerly Reval
April 15
Ted Morgan Sanche de Gra- Tall Tactician Connie Mack
Tax-Reform President Ronald
mont (baseball player)
Wilson Reagan
teenie one-sixteenth (stocks) Talos Bendix long-range sur-
Taycheedah Wisconsin Home
Teenie Christina face-to-air missile
for Women at Taycheedah
Teflon President Ronald Wil- Tamaulipas formerly Pánuco
Tay Pay Irish journalist Tho-
son Reagan Tammany Boss Wi l l i a m M
mas Power O’Connor
Tegoose Tegucigalpa (Hondu- Tweed
T-bills Treasury bills
ras) Tammies Tamburitzans
T-bonds Treasury bonds
Tegusi Tegucigalpa’s nickname Tam(my) Thomas; Tom(my)
T-Bone Walker A a r o n T h i -
Tehachapi Institution C a l i - Tanana River City Fa i r-
beaux Walker
fornia Correctional Institu- banks, Alaska
Tchad Chad
tion at Tehachapi Tanami Tanami Desert of Aus-
T Dorp Schenectady, New
teledeserts countries with only tralia’s Northern Territory
York
a few telephone lines per hun- Tandjungpriok D j a k a r t a
Teacher of Doctors Sir Will-
dred population (Jakarta)—formerly Batavia
iam Osler
Telemaque Denmark Vesey Tanganyika the mainland of
Teacher of Germany Philipp
Television City H o l l y wo o d , Tanzania
Melanchthon (collaborator of
Luther)
California
Eponyms, Nicknames
Teller of Sea Tales J o s e p h
Texas Tommy T h o m a s A n -
Third Viennese School of Psy-
chotherapy theories prof- Teller of Tall Tales Nathaniel
Conrad
drew Dorsey
ferred by Viktor E Frankl Hawthorne, E T A Hoffmann,
Thailand’s Principal Port
Third World e m e rg i n g n a - Washington Irving, Baron
Krung Thep (Bangkok)
tions, often former colonies, von Munchausen, Edgar Al-
Thais Thailands
outside industrialized com- lan Poe, Aleksander Ser-
That Man Franklin Delano
munist and Western nations; geevich Pushkin, and Mark
Roosevelt
poorer nations Twain
Theda Bara Theodosia Good-
Thirstland waterless country Tell Town Altdorf, Switzer-
man Theory X managerial assump-
north of Bechuanaland land—reputed home of Will-
Thirteen Colonies B r i t i s h iam Tell
tion that employees dislike
North American colonies that Temple of Culture T h o m a s
work and must be coerced,
became the original thirteen Jefferson’s home, Monticello
controlled, or threatened to
states of the United States Temple Mount J e r u s a l e m ’s sobriquet
motivate them
Theory Y managerial assump-
Thirteen States New Hamp-
shire, Massachusetts, Rhode Temple of Music N ew Yo r k
tion that employees do not
Island, Connecticut, New City’s Carnegie Hall, also
dislike work and under proper
York, New Jersey, Pennsylva- called the Cathedral of Music
conditions will accept and
nia, Delaware, Maryland, Vir- Tennessee Williams T h o m a s
seek out responsibilities to fulfill their esteem, self-actu-
ginia, North Carolina, South Lanier Williams
Carolina, Georgia Tenth Muse Sappho, accord-
alization needs, and social
Thirteenth Apostle Constan- ing to Plato, who esteemed
needs
tine, the Roman emperor who the lyric poetess of Mytilene
Theory Z an organization with
built Constantinople (now Tenth State Virginia (see First
on the island of Lesbos
a record of long-term employ-
Istanbul) State)
ment, shared decision mak-
ing, slow promotions, and
Thirteenth State Rhode Island (see First State)
Te Rangi Hiroa S i r P e t e r
non-specialized but varied job assignments
Thirteenth Tribe K h a z a r s Buck
converted to Judaism (see Teri Teresa; Theresa; Therese
the pill oral contraceptive for
Twelve Tribes) Terrace Bay Ta i wa n ( Fo r-
women
Thirtieth State Wisconsin mosa)
The Terrible Ivan IV—Czar of
Thirty-eighth State Colorado Terrapin State Maryland
Russia 1547 to 1584
Terre Haute U.S. Penitentiary
third age old age (the first age
Thirty-fifth State We s t Vi r- ginia
at Terre Haute, Indiana
is infancy through adoles-
Terrier General Dynamics na-
Thirty-first State California val surface-to-air missile
cence, the second age is
Thirty-fourth State Kansas Terry Terence; Teresa; Terrell;
post-adolescence through
Thirty-ninth State North Da- Terrill; Theresa; Therese
middle age)
kota Tess(ie) Theresa
Thermaie Gulf Gulf of Salon-
Thirty Rock nickname of the Texarkana Institution F e d -
ika in the Aegean
National Broadcasting Com- eral Correctional Institution
Thespian Maids t h e N i n e
pany (NBC) at Thirty Rock- at Texarkana, Texas
Muses
efeller Center in New York Texas Alexander Alger Alex-
Thief of Bad Gags M i l t o n
City ander
Berle (Mendel Berlinger)
Thirty-second State M i n n e - Texas Babe Mildred Didrikson
Thiefrow nickname for Lon-
sota Zaharias
don’s Heathrow Airport
Thirty-seventh State Nebraska Texas Cow Town Fort Worth
thieves of time procrastinators
Thirty-sixth State Nevada Texas Guitar Slim J o h n ny
Thin Man Red Rocha (basket-
Thirty-third State Oregon Winter
ball player)
This Is the Place S a l t L a ke Texas Mix sodium pentothal,
Third Estate The Commons—
City, Utah’s sobriquet repeat- Pavulon, and potassium chlo-
the legislature
ing the words of its founder— ride (solution for fatal injec-
third-generation money elec-
Brigham Young tions for death-row prison in-
tronically controlled funds
thistle symbol of Scotland and mates)
Third International L e n i n ’s
the Scots Texas Nightingale Sippie Wal-
organization of communists
in Moscow in 1919
Thomas Jefferson and Abra-
lace
Third Reich Nazi Germany
ham Lincoln of American
Texas Raj Upper-class Texans
Music Charles Ives, accord- with ties to East Coast elite
ing to Leonard Bernstein Texas tea crude oil and natural
Third Republic France from
1871 to 1940
Thomas Jefferson Snodgrass
pseudonym—Samuel L Cle- Texas television campfire
gas
Third State New Jersey (see
First State)
mens
Eponyms, Nicknames
Thomas Kyd Alfred Bennett
Timesqueer New York City’s Harbage’s pseudonym
Thunderbolt Republic fighting
Times Square Thomas of London Saint Tho-
aircraft F-47; Swedish Viggen
Time of the Troubles R u s s i a mas á Becket
jet fighter J-37
between 1604 and 1613, from three-B’s Bach, Beethoven,
Thunderchief Republic single-
the reign of Boris Godunov to Brahms
engine fighter-bomber jet air-
that of Michael Romanov Three Baltic Duchies E s t o -
craft (F-105)
Timur the Lame Tamerlane nia, Latvia, Lithuania
Thunderjet Republic fighter-
bomber F-84
Tina Albertina; Christina;
Three Capitals and Five Ports
Clementina; nickname for Japanese numerical catego-
Thunder Moon full moon in
former British Prime Minister ries comprising the ancient
July
Margaret Thatcher (stands and modern capitals—Kyoto,
Tib(by) Isabel(la); Ishbel(le)
for: There is no alternative); Osaka, and Tokyo plus the
Tiber River City Rome
Valentina ports of Hakodate, Kobe, Na-
Tico Costa Rican; Ticond-
Tina Turner Annie Mae Bul- gasaki, Niigata, and Yoko-
lock hama
eroga; USS Ticonderoga (at-
Tin Can Island N i u a f o ’ o u , three-C’s C e n t r a l C r i m i n a l
tack aircraft carrier)
Tonga Court three D’s dementia, dermatitis,
Ticos Costa Ricans
Tidewater States M a r y l a n d ,
Virginia, North Carolina,
Tin Islands Indonesia’s Banka
and Belitung diarrhea (symptoms of niacin
Tin King Simón Ituri Patiño deficiency)
South Carolina, Georgia
Tin Lizzie Model-T Ford’s Three Finger Mordecai Brown (baseball)
Tien Percent Tien Suharto,
nickname Tinseltown Hollywood, Cali- Three F’s friends, family, fools
wife of Indonesian President
Suharto, so called for her per-
fornia Tintoretto Jacopo Robusti Norway, Sweden
centage take of business with
Three Kingdoms D e n m a r k ,
Indonesia
Tip Thomas Phillip O’Neill, Jr; Three Little S’s S a b a , S i n t
Tierra del Fuego (Spanish—
Timothy Tip of Canada E l l e s m e r e Maarten (Dutch Windward
Land of Fire)—originally the
Eustatius (Statia), Sint
fires of Patagonian Indians
Land Islands—Netherlands Anti- lles)
but more recently the burning gases from oil rigs in south-
Tippecanoe William Henry Harrison Three Poisons of the Mind ig-
ernmost South America
Tipper Gore Mary Elizabeth norance (misperception of the
Tiger II Northrup F-5 twin-jet
Aitcheson Gore Tipton Center State Correc- phenomena), craving, hatred
fighter aircraft
true nature of the self and all
Tigercat Short and Harland
tional Center at Tipton, Mis- (Buddhism)
surface-to-air missile
souri Three Poles Mount Everest,
Tiger of France G e o rg e s
Tiradentes ( P o r t u g u e s e — North Pole, South Pole
Clemenceau (1841–1929)
Tooth Puller)—nickname of three-R’s reading, writing,
Tigers of the Sun Sherpas of
J o s é J o a q u i m d a S i l va arithmetic (colloquially: rea-
northern India and Nepal
X av i e r — fi r s t B r a z i l i a n din’, ’ritin’, ’rithmetic)
Tight Little Island Great Brit-
fighter for independence from Three Rivers T h r e e R ive r s
ain
Portuguese rule—a dentist Stadium, Pittsburgh
Tightrope Walkers Extraordi-
Tire City Akron, Ohio Three Sisters Earth, Mars, Ve-
naire Charles Blondin who
Tirso de Molina pseudonym nus
crossed Niagara Falls in 1855
of Gabriel Tellez The Three Tenors Placido Do-
on an 1100-foot (336-meter)
Tish Letitia mingo, José Carreras, and Lu-
tightrope suspended 160 feet
Titan two-stage intercontinen- ciano Pavarotti
(48 meters) above the falls
tal ballistic missile (Martin) Three Virgins St Croix, St
and five years later carried his
Titian Tiziano Vecellio John, St Thomas (United
agent across piggyback; in
Tito Josip Broz(ovich) States Virgin Islands)
1974 Philippe Petit crossed
Tito Schipa Raffaele Attilio Throne of Solomon Ethiopia
between the twin towers of
Amadeo Schipa thruppence threepence
the World Trade Center in
Titta Ruffo Ruffo Cafiero Titta Thumper Ted Williams (base-
New York on a tightwire 1350
Titulescu James T(homas) Far- ball player)
feet (412 meters) above the
rell Thunder Bay modern name
city sidewalk
Tobacco Capital D u r h a m , for the Canadian twin cities
Tigres River City Baghdad
North Carolina of Fort William and Port
Tilda Mathilda
Tobacco City Winston-Salem, Arthur on the northwest shore
Tillie Mathilda
North Carolina of Lake Superior
Tilly Mathilda
Tobacco Road dilapidated and Thunderbird British BAC mo-
Time Personified t h e a g e d
poverty-striken rural areas bile surface-to-air missile
Chronos of the Greeks and
Romans—Father Time
(sociological synonym); to-
Eponyms, Nicknames
bacco-raising areas of the
Toti dal Monte A n t o n i e t t a southern United States (ge-
Toni Morrison Chloe Anthony
Meneghel neric and economic meaning)
Wofford
Tough Guy (stock exchange Tobacco State Kentucky
Tono Tomuelo
nickname for Texas Gulf Sul- Tóbal Cristóbal
Toño Antonio
phur company) Toby Tobyhanuia; Tobias
Tony Anthony; Antoinette
Tourette’s disease convulsive toc tag airline boarding pass
Perry Awards (American The-
facial tic Togo Port Lomé
atre Wing)
Tow Hughes antitank missile To Hell and Back n i c k n a m e
Tony Bennett Anthony Bene-
designated MGM-71A of the Toronto, Buffalo, and
detto
Towel Town K a n n a p o l i s , Hamilton Railway
Tony Curtis Bernie Schwartz
North Carolina where Can- Toinette Antoinette
Tony Martin Alvin Morris
non towels are made Tokaido Corridor urban strip
Tony Randall Leonard Rosen-
The Tower The Tower of Lon- between Kyoto and Tokyo
berg
don (Kyoto, Kobe, Osaka, Nara,
Tony Sarg Anthony Frederick
Sarg
Town of Floating Gardens
Xochimilco, Mexico zuoka, Yokohama, Tokyo)
Nagoya, Hamamatsu, Shi-
tooies tuinal (half amobarbital
Town of Fools C h e l m ( s e e Tokyo (Japanese—Eastern)—
and half secobarbital)
Chelmer) formerly called Edo or Yedo
toonie Canadian two-dollar coin
Town of Merchants Shanghai and now capital of Japan as
Tooth City Florence, South
Town on the Water S t o c k - well as the world’s largest
Carolina
metropolitan area holm
Toothpicks nickname given
Tolliver Tagliafiero Town of Roses Molde, Nor-
early settlers of Arkansas who
Tombs old New York City way
were believed to pick their
teeth with bowie knives
Town Too Tough To Die
Prison on the Lower East
Side, connected to the Crimi- Tombstone, Arizona
Toothpick State Arkansas
nal Courts Building by a Town of the Vikings M a n i -
tootsie roll Mexican-made her-
toba Tomb Town Moscow
oin, also called black tar or
Toy Bulldog Mickey Walker Tomcat F- 14 fighter aircraft
Bridge of Sighs
Mexican mud
Toy Cannon J i m m y Wy n n Tom Cruise Thomas Mapother
Top of Europe northern sec-
(baseball player) Tom, Dick, and Harry t h e
tions of Finland, Norway,
Tracker Grumman S-2 anti- crowd; ordinary people; the
Russia, and Sweden near the
submarine search-and-attack mob; no one in particular
Arctic Circle
aircraft Tom Mix Eugene Blackman’s
Top Ten FBI’s list of the 10
Tracy Theresa motion-picture name
most wanted fugitives from
Trader Horn nickname of Al- Tommy nickname for a British
justice
Top of the World Point Bar-
fred Aloysius Smith soldier; Thomas
row, Alaska
Tragic Patriot Thomas Paine Tommy Atkins nickname for a
Torchbearer of the Revolu-
(imprisoned by the Reign of British Army private
tion Nathaniel Bacon of Vir-
Terror in France and reviled Tommy the Cork T h o m a s
ginia
by the clergy in the United Corcoran
Tor House home of Robinson
States he helped create) Tommy gun Thompson sub-
Tragic Queen M a r i e A n t o - machine gun
Jeffers at Carmel, California
Tornado Alley area between
inette Tom o’Bedlam incurable male
Lawton, Oklahoma and
Tragus Heironymus Bock (a lunatic
Wichita Falls, Texas
founder of modern botany) Toms two-dollar bills bearing
Tortilla Curtain U.S.–Mexi-
Trager Work f o r M i l t o n the portrait of President Tho-
can border area between El
Trager—combines soft-touch mas Jefferson
Paso, Texas and San Diego,
manipulation with movement tom thumb (Cockney—rum)
California; sometimes ex-
exercises to release tension Toña Antonia
tended from Brownsville,
trailing spouses husbands or ‘Tona Daytona Beach, Florida
Texas
wives who follow mates to Tongan Ports Nukualofa Ton-
Tortoise Islands Galápagos
new employment gata, Pangai Haapai, Neiafu
Islands (officially Archipel-
tranks nickname for sedative Vavau
ago de Colón)
drugs (tranquilizers) Tongareva Penrhyn Island in
Toscanini Arturo Toscanini
(outstanding orchestra con-
Transcendental Philosopher
Ralph Waldo Emerson Tongue Troopers C a n a d i a n
the South Pacific
ductor of the first half of the
Transjordan(ia) H a s h e m i t e t e r m f o r g ove r n m e n t ’s
20th century)
Kingdom of Jordan better French-language enforce-
t’ other siders the other siders
known as Jordan ment squads
(nickname given east coast
Transplants J a p a n e s e a u t o Toni Antonia
Australians by their west
coast counterparts)
plants in the United States
Eponyms, Nicknames
Trapper’s Moon full moon in
Trinity of Science E x p e r i -
Trumpeter of the Last Judg-
ment Gabriel trashfish monkfish
February
ence, Observation, and Rea-
Trunk Murderess Winnie Ruth Traven B Traven pseudonym
son
Judd, who in 1931 killed two used by Berick Traven Tors-
Triple Alliance A rg e n t i n a ,
women and shipped their van
Brazil, Uruguay; Austria,
body parts to Los Angeles in Treasure State Montana
Germany, and Italy (before
trunks and a suitcase Tree of Heaven Ailanthus tree
outbreak of World War I)
Trust Buster T h e o d o r e Tree Planter’s State Nebraska
Triple Cities B i n g h a m p t o n ,
Roosevelt—twenty-sixth Trench Town West Kingston,
Endicott, Johnson City, New
President of the United States Jamaica’s ghetto
York (also called Tri-cities)
The Trust Buster Wi l l i a m Trent’s Town Trenton, New
Tripsville Haight-Ashbury dis-
trict of San Francisco
Howard Taft
Jersey’s capital named for its Trust Territory Micronesian original settler—William
Trish Patricia; Tricia
islands of the Pacific (Caro- Trent
Trixie Friganza Delia O’Cal-
lahan
lines, Marianas, Marshalls,
Tres Marías (Spanish—Three Ponape, Truk, Yap, etc.) under Marys)—María Madre,
Trix(ie)(y) Beatrice; Beatrix
American administration María Magdalena, María Cle-
Trojan Johnny Evers (baseball
truth serum sodium pentathol ofás—istands off the west
player); North American T-28
Tsaritsyn czarist name of Vol- coast of Mexico serving as a
trainer aircraft
gograd formerly called Stal- convict colony
Troldhaugen (Norwegian—
ingrad T. rex Tyrannosaurus rex
Troll’s Hill)—Edvard Grieg’s
home near Bergen
Tsarskoe Selo former name of
The Tribune Man p s e u d o - Pushkin near Leningrad
Trondheim modern name of
nym—Henry Ten Eyck White T-town Tarrytown; Tijuana;
Nidaros
Tribune of the People J o h n Trexlertown
Trooper Turned Physician
Thomas Sydenham
Bright
Tuba Player of the Century
Tricia Patricia Roger Bobo of the Los Ange-
Troopship Fokker military ver-
Tri-Cities Florence, Sheffield, les Philharmonic
sion of the 40 to 52-passenger
Tuckahoes Virginians River near Muscle Shoals in
aircraft F-27
and Tuscumbia on Tennessee
Tula Gertrude; Gertrudis northwestern Alabama; Dav-
tropical forests of the sea
Tullahoma Vocational Te n - enport, Iowa—Moline and
coral reefs
nessee State Vocational Rock Island, Illinois
Tropical North n o r t h e r n
School for Girls at Tullahoma Tricky Bob Robert Fulton, who
Queensland, Australia
Tully Marcus Tullius Cicero took credit for the first work-
Tropic of Cracker s o - c a l l e d
north-to-south dividing line
Tum-l’um portly Albert Ed- ing steamboat
along Florida’s interior ridge
ward, HRH the Prince of Tricky Dick President Richard
Wales who later became King M Nixon
Tropic Metropolis Miami, Flor-
Edward the Seventh tricolor flag divided into three
ida
Tropies torrid lands and seas
Tung Tree Capital Picayune, horizontal or vertical stripes;
between Tropic of Cancer and
Mississippi the Tricolor, initially capital-
Tropic of Capricorn
Tunisian Ports Susa, Halq al ized, refers to the Tricolor of
trots diarrhea
Wadi, Tunis, Banzart, Bizerte, France consisting of red,
Trotsky Lev Davidovich Bron-
Sfax, and Gabes white, and blue vertical
stein
tuppenny twopenny stripes
Trucial States ( s e e U n i t e d
Turkestan Desert i n c l u d e s Tri-Lingual Land S w i t z e r-
Arab Emirates)
Kara Kum south of Aral Sea, land, where people often
truck drivers amphetamines
Kyzyl Kum southeast of Aral speak French, German, and
Trudy Gertrude
Sea, Ust Urt between Aral and Italian as well as Romansh
Caspian seas and English
True King of Our Storytellers
Jack London, according to
Upton Sinclair
turista Staphylococcus aureus
Trinidad and Tobago Ports
True Patriot Pen name for Jo-
Turkey Capital of the World
Trinidad—Chaguaramas Bay,
Berryville, Arkansas and Port-of-Spain, Pointe a
seph Warren
Worthington, Minnesota Pierre, San Fernando, La
Truman Capote Tr u m a n
Streckfus Persons
Turkey’s Principal Port
Brea, Brighton, Point Fortin;
Istanbul (Constantinople) Tobago—Canaan, Charlot-
Truman Doctrine d e f e n d
Turkish Turkish bath (steam teville, Scarborough
Greece and Turkey, contain
bath); Turkish delight (fruit- Trinidadians people of the
the Soviet Union in Europe
flavored gelatin candy dusted West Indian island of Trin-
(named for Harry S Truman,
with confectioner’s sugar); idad, close to Venezuela
thirty-third president of the
United States)
Turkish rug; Turkish tobacco
Eponyms, Nicknames
(highly aromatic); Turkish
Twilight of the Gods Gotter-
Ulster Cradle of U.S. Presi-
towel (water-absorbent long-
dents Northern Ireland— nap towel)
dámmerung (German my-
ancestral home of Presidents Turkish Ports Istanbul (Con-
thology); Ragnarok (Norse
Arthur, Grant, Jackson, Mc- stantinople), Hydarpasa,
mythology)
Kinley, Truman, Wilson Izmir (Smyrna), Antalya (Ad-
Twilight Zone the Mexican
Ultima Thule Iceland; Main- alia), Mersin, Iskenderun (Al-
Border
land (largest of the Shetland exandretta)
Twin Cities Bristol on the Ten-
Islands); Norway; or any re- Turkish Towel Actress B r i g -
nessee–Virginia border; Cen-
mote northern place, accord- itte Bardot
tral Falls and Pawtucket,
ing to ancient travellers Turner syndrome f e m a l e
Rhode Island; Champaign
Ulysses fifty-dollar bills bear- genitalia and internal ducts
and Urbana, Illinois; Minne-
ing the portrait of President exist, but there are crude ova-
apolis and St Paul, Minne-
Ulysses S Grant ries; broad chest; short stature
sota; Texarkana on the Arkan-
sas–Texas border; Winston-
Umbrian Historical Painter
Pinturicchio (Bernardino di Turner’s syndrome g e n e t i c
and neck
Salem, North Carolina
Betto) abnormality in females inher-
Twin Maples Farm B r i t i s h
iting only forty-five chromo-
Unabashed Atheist C h a r l e s somes, causes retarded sexual
Columbia facility for treating
Bradlaugh development
women alcoholics
Twin Otter DeHavilland light
The Unashamed Accompanist
Turpentine State North Caro-
Gerald Moore lina
transport (DHC-6)
UN City Vienna, Austria’s In- turquoise hydrargillite (basic
The Twins Minneapolis and St
ternational Center (available hydrated copper aluminum
Paul
to the UN cost free) phosphate)
Twin Sisters North and South
uncle pawnbroker Turtle Bay Bahía de San Blas,
Dakota
Uncle Arthur Arthur Hender- Mexico
Twin States New Hampshire
son Tusitala (Samoan—Teller of
and Vermont
Uncle Billie General William Tales)—Robert Louis Steven-
twister dustwhirl, sandspout,
Tecumseh Sherman, USA son’s nickname
t o r n a d o , o r wa t e r s p o u t
Uncle Dickie a ff e c t i o n a t e Tutor Canadair-built jet-trainer
wherein ascending and rotat-
nickname of British military aircraft designated CL-41
ing movement of air column
hero Mountbatten of Burma, Tuvalu formerly New Hebrides
is especially apparent
Admiral of the Fleet and last in the South Pacifitc between
Two Eyes of Greece A t h e n s
Viceroy of India Fiji and New Caledonia
and Sparta
Uncle Gene Eugene Ormandy Tver czarist name for Kalinin
Two-headed Eagle p o p u l a r
Uncle George George Geist Twelfth State North Carolina
symbol of the Austro-Hungar-
Uncle Ho Ho Chi Minh (see First State)
ian Empire, Imperial Russia,
Uncle Horace Horace Greeley Twelve Apostles twelve Apos-
and the Holy Roman Empire
Uncle Joe U.S. Representative tle Islands in Lake Superior
Tybalt Theobald
Joseph Gurney Cannon also off northern Wisconsin
Tybee Savannah Beach, Geor-
known as the Watchdog of the Twelve-Tone Technician A r-
gia
Treasury nold Schonberg
Ty Cobb Ty r u s R a y m o n d
Uncle Kwesi Jonathan Kwesi Twelve Tribes Twelve Tribes
Cobb—idol of baseball fans
Lamptey of Israel—Reuben, Simeon,
type metal antimony-copper-
Uncle Miltie M i l t o n B e r l e Judah, Zebulun, Issachar,
lead-tin alloy
(Mendel Berlinger) Dan, Gad, Asher, Nephtali,
Typhoid Mary Mary Mallon
Uncle Remus p s e u d o ny m — Benjamin, Ephraim, and
(c. 1870–1938)
Joel Chandler Harris Mannaseh
Ubangi Republic Central Af-
Twentieth State Mississippi
rican Republic
Uncle Robert Robert E Lee;
Twenty-eighth State Texas Robert L Sheppard
U-boat Fiihrer Gross Admiral
Uncle Sam cartoon symbol Twenty-fifth State Arkansas
Karl Doenitz
and nickname for an Ameri- Twenty-first State Illinois
u-dog underdog
can citizen or the United Twenty-fourth State Missouri
Ulan Ude formerly Verkhneu-
States of America Twenty-ninth State Iowa
dinsk
Uncle Sam’s Crib Treasury of Twenty-second State Alabama
Ulster Northern Ireland (for-
the United States Twenty-seventh State Florida
merly an ancient province of
Ireland; now containing the
Uncle Sam’s Pocket Handker-
Twenty-sixth State Michigan
chief Delaware—second Twenty-third State Maine
counties of Antrim, Armagh,
smallest state in the U.S. Twiggy Leslie Hornby
Down, Fermanagh, Lon-
donderry, and Tyrone)
Uncle Sugar FBI’s nickname
Eponyms, Nicknames
Uncle Tom J o s i a h H e n s o n
Upper Palatinate eastern Ba- (slave immortalized in Harriet
Honduras, and Nicaragua—
varia Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s
formerly federated after their
Upper Peninsula n o r t h e r n Cabin); submissive Afri-
liberation from Spain
Michigan between Lake can-American
Universal Genius L e o n a r d o
Michigan and Lake Superior Uncle Whiskers nickname for
da Vinci (anatomist, architect,
Upper Peru former name for Uncle Sam
cartographer, engineer, inven-
tor, musician, painter, poet,
Bolivia
Unconditional Abolitionist
Upper Rhine Rhine River be- William Lloyd Garrison
sculptor, zoologist)
universal time G r e e n w i c h
tween Basel in Switzerland
Unconditional Surrender
and Mainz in Germany Grant General Ulysses Sim-
Mean Time
uppers nickname for stimu- pson Grant, USA
University City C a m b r i d g e ,
Massachusetts
lants
Uncrowned King of Ireland
Upper Silesia northern Silesia Charles Stewart Parnell
Unreconstructed Rebel Sena-
tor George Carter Glass, nick-
once a Prussian provunce
Uncrowned King of the Jews
named by President Franklin
Urga former name of Ulan Ba-
Chaim Weizmann tor
D Roosevelt
Unsainted Anthony San Anto-
Uncrowned Queen of Iraq
Urista Uriel da Costa
Gertrude Bell Ursula Bloom Mrs ACG Rob-
nio, Texas
Unser Fritz ( G e r m a n — O u r
inson’s pen name
Underground Railroad Con-
Ursula Undress Ursula An- ductor Harriet Tubman,
Fritz)—Frederick William III
dress from the South to the northern
of Prussia
who conducted fleeing slaves
Unspoiled Queen Saba
Uruguayan Ports La Paloma,
United States and Canada Maldonado, Montevideo, Pu-
Upper Adige the Italian Tyrol
also called the Southern Tyrol
erto Sauce, Nueva Palmira,
Underworld Statesman and
Fray Bentos, Puerto Con- Patriot Meyer (Little Man)
Upper Alsace Haut-Rhin de-
cepción, Paysandá, Salto Lansky
partment of France
Upper Amazon Amazon River
Uruguay’s Largest Port
Union Jack flag flown at for-
Montevideo ward jackstaff of American
extending from the highlands
Ushant I l e d ’ O u e s s a n t — blue rectangular field with 50
of Peru to Manaus in northern
vessels—consists of dark-
France’s most westerly point five-pointed white stars; flag
Brazil
at the Bay of Biscay entrance of United Kingdom symbol-
Upper Austria northern Aus-
tria bordering Bavaria, the
Czech Republic, and Slovakia
to the English Channel Usonian t h i n g s d i s t i n c t l y
izing union of England,
Upper Burma inland Burma
Lloyd Wright crosses of St George (En-
Northern Ireland, Scotland,
Upper California in Spanish-
American, according to Frank
Utilitarian Philosopher J e r- gland), St Patrick (Northern
a n d Wa l e s — c o m b i n e s
colonial times all of Califor-
emy Bentham; John Stuart Ireland), St Andrew (Scot-
nia north of Monterey but to-
Mill land)
day all of California except
Baja or Lower California
Upper Canada English-speak-
Utopian Author Bacon, Bel-
Union of the Great Islands
panella, Fourier, Huxley, Comoro Islands
ing Ontario and the upper St
lamy, Butler, Cabot, Cam-
More, Morris, Owen, Plato, Unitarian Economist D av i d
Lawrence region during the
Proudhon, Rabelais, Rous- Ricardo
19th century Upper Egypt Egypt from Cairo
seau, Saint-Simon, Wells
Unitarian Quaker Elias Hicks
south to the Sudan
United Arab Emirate Ports Vacation City on Casco Bay
Upper Galilee Israel north of
U-town Uniontown; Uptown
Portland, Maine Dhabi (Abu Zaby)
Ash Shariqah, Dubai, Abu
the Sea of Galilee
Upper Lakes n o r t h e r n m o s t
United Arab Emirates Tr u -
Great Lakes—Huron, Michi-
Vacationland Maine
gan, Superior
Vacationland of Opportunity
cial Sheikdoms (Persian Gulf
Alaska oil-producing country)
Upper Michigan the upper-
Vagen (Norwegian—Bay)— United Arab Republic n a m e
peninsula of northern Michi-
old Bergen and its waterfront referring to the former union
gan between Lake Michigan
along the bay of Egypt and Syria
and Lake Superior
Valencia Conductor-Pianist United Kingdom’s Principal
Upper Mississippi M i s s i s -
José Iturbi (1895–1980) Port London
sippi River from Lake Itaska
Valentine State Arizona, ad- United Nations Capital N ew
in Minnesota near the Cana-
mitted on St Valentine’s York City
dian border to Saint Louis,
Day—February 14, 1912 United Provinces colors b l u e
Missouri
Valhalla Hall of the Slain War- and white displayed in flags
Upper Nile Nile River from its
riors (Norse or Scandinavian of El Salvador, Guatemala,
headwaters in central East Af-
rica to Khartoum in the Sudan
mythology)
Eponyms, Nicknames
Valhalla Girls Women’s Cor-
Vermeer Jan van der Meer van rectional Unit at Valhalla,
Vatican City State Stato della
Delft New York
Città del Vaticano
Vermilionville Lafayette, Lou- valium diazepam
Vautour Sud attack bomber
and interceptor made in
isiana’s old name
Valley Between Two Worlds
Vermillion Sea Gulf of Cali- Rio Grande Valley (between
France
fornia (Mar Bermejo) Mexico and the United
Veecees Vietcongs
Verneur Gouverneur States)
Veenees Vietnamese
Vernon Castle Vernon Blythe Valley of God’s Pleasure Cleve-
Veep Vice President
Vernon Duke Vladimir Dukel- land, Ohio’s suburban section
Vega Alta Industrial School for
sky around Shaker Heights
(criminal) Women at Vega
Vernon Lee Vi o l e t Pa g e t ’s The Valley Island Maui, Ha-
Alta, Puerto Rico
pseudonym waii
Vegas East Atlantic City, New
Veronese Paolo Cagliari Valley Isle Maui, Hawaii
Jersey
Veronica Lake C o n s t a n c e Valley of Opportunity N ew
vegetable cow of Asia tofu
Ockleman York State’s Triple Cities area
vegetable pear chayote squash
Verrocchio Andrea di Michele including Binghampton, En-
veggie libel laws United States
Cione dicott, and Johnson City
agricultural product-dispar-
Vertical Hyphen Johnny Ho- Valley of Rice S i k k i m e s e
agement laws
ran (basketball player) name for state in India known
Vehicle City Flint, Michigan
Ves Sylvester as Denjong
Velvet Breughel Jan Breughel
Veteran Curmudgeon H(enry) Valley of Roses Persia (Iran)
the Elder
L(ewis) Mencken Valley of the Sun A r i z o n a ’s
The Velvet Fog s i n g e r M e l
Vicar of Christ the Pope central valley
Torme
Velvet Revolution Czechoslo-
Vicente Vicente Blasco-Ibánez
Valley of Ten Thousand Hay-
(Spanish novelist) stacks Big Hole, Montana
vakia’s turn from Commu-
Vichy Government France— Valley of Valleys Gudbrands-
nism
1940–1944—which ruled by dalen, Norway
Venerable Nestor of Massa-
collaborationists Marshal Valley of Wonders Ye l l ow -
chusetts John Quincy Ad-
Pétain and Pierre Laval who stone National Park (in Idaho,
ams—sixth President of the
maintained their headquarters Montana, and Wyoming)
United States
in Vichy within unoccupied Vampire De Havilland jet
Venetian Venetian ball (glass
France fighter-bomber aircraft
paperweight containing col-
orful objects); venetian blind
Vicki Victoria
Vampire Capital of America
(horizontally slatted sun cur-
Victim of Religion and Revolt
Northern Ireland also called Van Allen Radiation Belts two
Rhode Island
tain); Venetian glass (orna-
Captive of History belts of charged particles in
mental glassware of the type
Victor letter V radio code; the Earth’s magnetic field—
made in Venice); Venetian red
Handley-Page jet bomber air- discovered in 1958 by J A Van
(dark orange red); Venetian
craft Allen, United States
window (palladian window)
Victor Borge Borge Rosen- Van Cliburn Harvey Lavan
Venetian Family of Painters
baum Cliburn
the Bellinis and the Tintoret-
Victor-Charlie VC; Vietcong Vancoo Vancouver, British Co-
tos
Victoria de los Angeles Victo- lumbia
Venetian red f e r r i c o x i d e
(Fe 2 O 3 )
ria Gomez Cima
Vancouver Island, British
Victoria Holt Eleanor Burford Columbia named for Captain
Venezuelan Poet Laureate
Hibbert George Vancouver
Irma De-Sola Ricardo
Victorian Librettist W(illiam) Van Diemen’s Land Tasmania
Venezuelan Ports Maracaibo,
S(chwenck) Gilbert Vanier Canadian city formerly
Puerto Miranda, Bahía de
Victor Seastrom Vi k t o r called Eastview
Amuay, Puerto Cabello, La
Sjöström Vapor City Hot Springs, Ar-
Guaira, Puerto de Hierro, Pu-
Victor Serge Victor Lvovich kansas
erto Ordaz, Ciudad Bolívar
Kibalchich vaporware p r o m o t e d c o m -
Venezuela’s Principal Port
Victory Personified Nike the puter software that has not
La Guaira
Greek goddess or her Roman been released
Venice of France Strasbourg
counterpart Victoria Varangians ( R u s s i a n — Vi -
Venom British de Havilland jet
video (Latin—I see)—picture kings)—Danes or Norsemen
fighter aircraft
portion of a tv broadcast who sailed to America around
Venus’s curse venereal disease
Vienna Vienna brown (bronze- year 1000
Vera Zorina E va B r i g i t t a
tone gold); Vienna green (em- Vasco Vasco Pratolini (Italian
Hartwig
erald); Vienna lake (carmine); novelist)
Vercors pseudonym of Jean
Bruller
Vienna lime (Magnesialime
Eponyms, Nicknames
polish); Vienna red (vermil-
Voice from the Fo’c’s’le R i - lion); Vienna sausage (short
Violet-crowned City Athens
chard Henry Dana in Two thin frankfurter)
viper’s weed marijuana
Years Before the Mast; Her- Vietnamese Ports Cam Pha,
Virgin Goddesses A r t e m i s ,
man Melville in Whitejacket Hon Gai, Haiphong, Ben
Athena also known as Parthe-
Voice of Israel Abba Eban Thuy, Da Nang (Tourane),
nia, and Hestia
Voice of Liberty T h o m a s Cam Ranh Bay, Saigon (Ho
Virginia named for the Virgin
Paine Chi Minh City)
Queen, Elizabeth I
Virginia Ports A l ex a n d r i a ,
Voice of Northern Industrial-
Vietnam’s Principal Port H o
ism Daniel Webster Chi Minh City (Saigon)
Newport News, Norfolk,
Portsmouth
Voice of Polish Nationalism
Vietnam syndrome r e l u c -
Adam Mickiewicz tance of Americans to inter-
Virgin Island Ports Charlotte
Amalie on St Thomas, Cruz
Voice of the Revolution
vene militarily in a country as
Bay on St John, Frederiksted
Patrick Henry
volatile alkali ammonia feat in Vietnam War
a result of United States’ de-
on St Croix
Volcano Island Hawaii Vieux Carré ( F r e n c h — O l d
Virgin Queen Elizabeth I
Volcano Land Iceland Square)—French Quarter of
Virgins American and British
Volcanos Volcano Islands (one New Orleans
Virgin Islands in the West In-
group in western Pacific and Vieux Carré syndrome pleas-
dies
another off Batangas in the ant distraction
Virgin Superior St Thomas Is-
Philippines) Viggen Swedish Thunderbolt
land, Virgin Islands
Volgograd formerly Stalingrad jet fighter aircraft
Virtuoso Vladimir p i a n i s t
during Stalin’s time and Vigilante N o r t h A m e r i c a n
Vladimir Horowitz (1903–
Tsaritsyn during czarist times Rockwell A-5 bomber aircraft
Volodya (Russian nickname— Viki Victoria; Victorine
Viscount Vi c ke r s m e d i u m
Vladimir) Viking Capital Oslo, Norway
transport aircraft
Voltaire assumed name of Viking Genius John Ericsson
Viscountess Beaconsfield M a r y
François-Marie Arouet (see Viking Land Norway
Anne Disraeli (Mrs Benjamin
Jean Meslier) Viking Program s y s t e m a t i c
Disraeli)
Voltaire of the Unitarians D r investigation of Mars from or-
Viscount Melbourne Wi l l i a m
Joseph Priestley, according to bit and from the surface with
Lamb (former Prime Minister
William Hazlitt emphasis on the search for
of Great Britain)
Volunteer(s) Tennessean(a) life on this planet
Viscount Palmerston H e n r y
Volunteer State Tennessee Vilhjalmur Stefansson Cana-
John Temple
Von Economo’s disease e n - dian-born William Steven-
Viscount Sidmouth H e n r y
cephalitis lethargica son’s adopted name
Addington
von Hofmanns Hugo von Hof- Villa Acuña former name of
Vissarion Belinsky Vissarion
mannsthal Ciudad Acuña
Fondaminsky (1811–1848)
von Reuter Israel Beer Josphat The Village Carmel-by-the-
Vistula River Cities C r a c ow
(founder of Reuters news Sea in California; Greenwich
and Warsaw
agency) Village in New York City; La
Vitalis Erik Sjöberg
Voodoo Canadian-built version Jolla’s shopping district near
Vivazza (Italian—Vivacity)—
of the F-101 jet interceptor San Diego, California
Gioacchino Antonio
Voyager American spacecraft Village of Fools Chelm, Po-
Rossini’s nickname
destined for landings on Mars land
Viveca Lindfors Elsa Viveca
and Venus vinegar acetic acid (CH 3 COOH)
Torstensdotter
V Sirin Vladimir Nabokov Vinegar Joe General Joseph
Vivien Leigh Viv i a n M a r y
V-spot $5 bill Warren Stilwell, USA
Hartley
V-town Valverde (Canary Is- Vinland North American coast
Vladimir Sirin V l a d i m i r
lands) discovered by Leif Ericsson
Nabokov’s pseudonym
Vulcan Hawker-Siddeley jet and Norse sailors in year
The Voice Alex Dreier
bomber aircraft; US-built six- 1000; collective name for
Voice of the American Revolu-
barrel 20mm cannon area extending from Labrador
tion Patrick Henry
Vulcan (Latin—Hephaistos)— to Martha’s Vineyard
Voice of Australia Dame Edna
the blacksmith Vinnie Vincent
Everage, also known as Barry
vulture trust tax-shelter gift Vinny Vincent
Humphries
plan involving third party ex- Vinsanity Vince Carter (basket-
Voice of the Century Marian
pected to die prematurely ball player)
Anderson
W George Walker Bush (to dis- vinyl phonograph records
Voice of Doom Gabriel Heat-
tinguish him from his father, Violet Crown Acropolis Hill,
ter (before and during World
George Herbert Walker Bush) Athens
War II); Ann Watson (in the
uncertain 1970s)
Waddy Walter
Eponyms, Nicknames
Wade Miller pseudonym of
War Fury Bellona—Roman
Watchdog of Central Park
writers Robert Wade and Bill
New York Times publisher Miller
goddess of war whose Greek
Adolph S Ochs Wagon Tongue Bill Keister
counterpart is Enyo
Warhorse of the Confederacy
Watchdog of the Eastern
(baseball player)
Lieutenant General James
Pacific Pearl Harbor
Waistline of the Western
Longstreet, CSA
Watchdog of the Western
Hemisphere I s t h m u s o f
Pacific Guam Panama
War of Independence Ameri-
water methamphetamine Walden Henry David Tho-
can Revolution
Waterfront Philosopher E r i c reau’s hut on the shores of
Warlord Wotan
Hoffer Walden Pond near Concord,
Warlord of the First Reich
Waterfront of the West S a n Massachusetts
Prince Otto von Bismarck
Francisco The Wales The Bank of New
Schönhausen
Watergab Watergate English South Wales
Warlord of the Second Reich
(Nixon-era federalese) walking handbag(s) a l l i g a -
Kaiser Wilhem II
Watergate Potomac River wa- tor(s); cayman(s); gavial(s);
Warlord of the Third Reich
terfront of Washington, DC; crocodile(s)
Führer Adolf Hitler
scandal, involving the Nixon Walking Man Eddie Yost
War of the Pacific Chile vs.
administration, arising from Wallace’s Line separates tropi-
Bolivia and Peru (1879–
the burglary of the Demo- cal Asian flora and fauna from
cratic Party’s national head- that typical of Australia; runs
War of Reparation American
quarters in the Watergate between Bali and Lombok,
Revolution
apartment building Indonesia, to the east (named
warrior’s herb devil’s club
Watergate President Richard for A R Wallace)
War of the Secession S o u t h -
Milhous Nixon Wall of Death drift gill netting
ern synonym for Civil War,
waterglass sodium silicate Walleye Martin-Hughes tv-
War of the Rebellion, War Be-
(Na 2 SiO 3 ) guided glide bomb
tween the States (of the
Waterland the Netherlands Wallows Walla Walla, Wash-
United States)—1861 to 1865
Waterloo battlefield near Brus- ington
The Wash North Sea inlet be-
sels, Belgium, where Napo- Wall Street New York City’s
tween Lincoln and Norwich
leon met his final defeat June financial center
on east coast of England
18, 1815 Wall Street of Canada B a y
Washboard Sam R o b e r t
Brown
Watermelon Capital of the
World Hope, Arkansas Walnut City M c M i n nv i l l e ,
Street in Toronto, Ontario
Washerwoman’s Sprain D e -
water ouzel American dipper Oregon
Quervain’s syndrome (ten-
dinitis of the thumb—once
Walrussia n i c k n a m e f o r
pseudonym Alaska in 1867 when it was purchased from Russia; be-
commonly from wringing out
Waters Wi l l i a m R u s s e l l ’s
water turkey anhinga lieved by critics to have noth-
wash—now from computer
use)
Water Wonderland Michigan ing but walruses
washing soda sodium carbon-
ate crystals (Na 2 CO 3 +
Wat(ty) Walter
W C Fields William Claude Walt Disney J o s é G u i z a o Zamora
10H 2 O)
Washington named for George
Dukenfield (1880–1946) wealth effect outspending in-
Walt Disney of Outdoor
Washington Washington Ports South Bend,
come because stock market Advertising Douglas Leigh
boom makes one feel rich Walter Hampden Wa l t e r H
Raymond, Aberdeen, Ho-
Wealth Personified P l o u t u s Dougherty
quiam, Port Angeles, Port
(Greek); Plutus (Roman) Walter Huston Walter Hough-
Townsend, Olympia, Tacoma,
Seattle, Everett, Anacortes,
Weather Capital of the World
a groundhog hole in Punx- Walter Wanger Wa l t e r
ston
Bellingham
sutawney, Pennsylvania Feuchtwanger
Washington State Funnypark
where groundhog leaves hi- The Waltz King J o h a n n
Washington State Prison near
bernation every February 2 to Strauss, Jr
Walla Walla
Washoe early settler’s name for
forecast winter’s end (if he
Wandering Mathematician
sees his shadow it means six Johannes Kepler (1571–
Nevada during the Comstock
more weeks of ice and snow, 1630)
Lode gold-and-silver rush of
and if he doesn’t then spring War Between the States Civil
is near) War; War of the Secession
Washoe Giant Mark Twain
Wasp Westland naval helicop-
The Web The World Wide Web
Warden of the Honour of the
Webfeet Oregonians North Halifax, Nova Scoria
ter built in Britain
Webfoot State Oregon Warehouse of the East f r e e
WASP Frida Kahlo Emily Carr
Webster Ford Edgar Lee Mas- port of Penang, Malaysia
Watch City Waltham, Massa-
chusetts
ter’s pseudonym
Eponyms, Nicknames
weed nickname for marijuana;
Wheatland home of President grass, pot
West Irian western half of
James Buchanan in Lan- Weegee photographer Arthur
New Guinea formerly Dutch
caster, Pennsylvania Fellig’s nom de voir
or Netherlands New Guinea
Wheat Provinces A l b e r t a , Wee Willie William Keeler
and now part of Indonesia
Manitoba, Saskatchewan Weil’s disease jaundice
West Jersey s o u t h e r n a n d
Wheat State Minnesota; South Weimar Republic G e r m a ny
western New Jersey
Australia between 1919 and 1933—the
West Lothian L i n l i t h g ow,
Wheaty Lincoln wheat-seed Second Reich
Scotland
copper penny Welcher(s) person(s) of Welsh
West Malaysia mainland Ma-
Whelps Tennesseans origin
laysia plus Singapore before
it became independent
Where America’s Day Begins
wellies wellington boots
Guam Wellington Arthur Wellesley
Westminster Abbey C o l l e -
giate Church of St Peter in
Where the Andes Greet the
(Duke of Wellington); British
Caribbean Venezuela Hovercraft class of hovercraft
Westminster
Westminster Palace H o u s e s
Where It’s Springtime All The
Welsh Welsh cob (horse),
Time San Diego, California Welsh corgi (dog), Welsh
of Parliament in London
West North Central States
dresser (cupboard), Welsh
Where Mexico Meets Uncle
main (cockfight), Welsh Sam nickname of Browns-
Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota,
mountain (pony or sheep), ville, Texas
Missouri, Nebraska, North
Dakota, South Dakota
Welsh process (smelting),
Where the Turf Meets the
Welsh rabbit (cheese dish also Surf Del Mar, California
West Point U . S . M i l i t a r y
called Welsh rarebit), Welsh Whirlwind Westland military
Academy at West Point, New
runt (cattle), Welsh springer helicopter built in Britain
York
(spaniel) Whispering Bill Bill Barrett
West Point of the Air S a n
Antonio, Texas
Welsh Cradle of U.S. Presi-
(baseball player) dent Wa l e s — a n c e s t r a l
West Point of Capitalism
Whispering Kid Arthur Dove
home of President Thomas (American painter) Jefferson
Harvard Business School
West Point of Law Enforce-
White Africa South Africa
Welsh Landscape Painter
Whitechapel London’s East Richard Wilson
ment FBI National Acad-
End Welsh Ports Port Dinorwic,
emy at Quantico, Virginia
White City of the North Hel- Holyhead, Caernarvon, Fish-
West Point of the South Vi r-
ginia Military Institute
sinki
White City of the South S u - Llanelly, Swansea, Port Tal-
g u a r d , M i l f o r d H ave n ,
Westport Landing p i o n e e r
cre, Bolivia bot, Barry, Cardiff
name for Kansas City
White Elephant Thailand en- Welsh Wizard David Lloyd
West Side West Side of any
sign bearing a green and red George
city or place
caparisoned white elephant Wessex Westland-built version
West South Central States
White Ensign fl a g o f t h e of Sikorsky utility helicopter
Arkansas, Louisiana, Okla-
Royal Navy and the Royal West Britain Wales
homa, and Texas
Yacht Club—St George cross West Country Southwestern
West Virginie West Virginia
on a white ground with the England—Cornwall, Devon-
Westway New York City’s west
Union Jack in the upper can- shire, Dorset, Somerset
side highway extending
ton corner West End fashionable London
northward from Battery Park
white flag symbol of surrender Western movie or novel featur-
along the Hudson River
or truce ing the Wild West
Westy Westermoreland; West-
white goods bleached cotton Western Hemisphere half of
moreland
and linen fabrics; colorless the world containing North
Wet Tortugas Florida Keys
high alcohol-content drinks America, South America, and
Whaling City New Bedford,
(aguardiente, akavit, brandy, associated islands
Massachusetts
Whangpoo Hwang Pu
cognac, gin, rum, schnapps,
Western Prairie Province
tequila, vodka); large house- Alberta
Wharf of North America
hold appliances (refrigera- Western Samoan Port Apia
Nova Scotia
tors, stoves, washing ma- Western States United States
Wheat Belt prairies in North
chines, etc.) west of the Mississippi River
America where wheat is cul-
Whitehall London’s street of Western Tip of Florida P e n s a -
tivated: Alberta, Canada, to
government offices cola
northern Texas
white horses whitecaps on sea Western Tip of Texas El Paso
Wheat Crescent dry area of
White House executive office West Indies Cuba, Bahamas,
South American pampas
and residence of the President Greater and Lesser Antilles,
where wheat is cultivated
of the United States in Wash- Jamaica, Puerto Rico
Wheat Energy State N o r t h
Dakota
ington, D.C.
Eponyms, Nicknames
White Island Ibiza in the Bale-
Willies Good Will Industries arics
Wilderness Trail Blazer
Willy Wilhelm; William White James Brown Wa y n e
Daniel Boone
Willy Brandt K a r l H e r b e r t Cochran
Wildflower State We s t e r n
Frahm white lead lead carbonate
Australia
Wilma Wilhelmina white light signal indicating
Wild Hoss of the Osage P e p -
Wilmington Women Correc- apparatus, craft, or vehicle
per Martin (baseball player)
tional institution for Women has power and is illuminated
Wild Man of Borneo orangu-
at Wilmington, Delaware White Man’s Grave e q u a t o -
tan (friendliest of the great
Wilt the Stilt Wilt Chamber- rial West Africa
apes)
lain (basketball player) White Metropolis Helsinki
Wild Rose Iowa state flower;
windjammer accordion White Mountain State N ew
Iowa girl’s nickname
Window into Europe P e t e r Hampshire
Wildrose Country Alberta
the Great’s name for what be- white meat breast
Wild West w e s t e r n U n i t e d
came Russia’s seaport city, white plague pulmonary tu-
States
Saint Petersburg berculosis
Wild Wonderful State We s t
Windscale S e l t a fi e l d , E n - White Rat W h i t ey H e r z o g
Virginia
gland’s nuclear reprocessing (baseball player)
Wilhelm Xylander Wi l h e l m
plant White Russia B y e l o r u s s i a n
Holtzmann
Wilkes Land Australian Ant-
Windsurfing Capital of the
World Hood River, Oregon whites thick whitish vaginal
district around Minsk
arctica
Windward Islands Dominica, discharge; synonym for leuk-
Willa Wilhelmina
Grenada, Grenadines, Saint orrhea
Willem De Merode Wi l l e m
Eduard Keuning’s pseud-
Lucia, Saint Vincent—British
White Town of Lake Mjosa
West Indies Gjovik, Norway
onym
Windward Passage o c e a n white vitriol zinc sulfate
William Ashenden W Somer-
passage between Cuba and whitewings white-uniformed
set Maugham
Haiti; connects Atlantic street cleaners
William B Goodrich R o s c o e
Ocean with Caribbean Sea Whittaker Chambers J a y
(Fatty) Arbuckle’s pseud-
Windwards Windward Islands Chambers
onym
Windy City Chicago, Illinois Whizzer White Byron White—
William Bolitho William Bo-
and Wellington on New former football player named
litho Ryall
Zealand’s North Island to United States Supreme
William the Conqueror Will-
Windy Wellington We l l i n g - ton, North Island, New Whoopi Goldberg C a r y n
iam I of Normandy and En-
Court in 1962
gland
Zealand Johnson
William Faulkner Wi l l i a m
Wine-Red Sea the Aegean, ac- Whorez trucker’s nickname for
Cuthbert Falkner
cording to Homer Ciudad Juarez, Mexico
William Haggard R i c h a r d
Winesburg Sherwood Ander- Why Not Town Minot, North
Henry Michael Clayton’s pseudonym
son’s name for Clyde, a small Dakota, nicknamed Why Not
town southwest of Sandusky, Minot?
William Holden Wi l l i a m
Franklin Beedle
William of Nassau Wi l l i a m
Ohio and the title of his
Wickedest Man in the World
play—Winesburg, Ohio Aleister Crowley
Winney Winston; Sir Winston widow-and-orphan any reli-
I—Prince of Orange and
Churchill (1874–1965) able and safe stock
Count of Nassau—founder of
Winnie Sir Winston Churchill— Widow at Windsor Q u e e n
the Dutch Republic; also
British Prime Minister Victoria who was a widow for
called William the Silent
Win(nie) Winslow; Winston the last 39 years of her life
William Penn’s Town P h i l a -
delphia
Winona Ryder Wi n o n a Wigwam Tammany Hall
William Sharp Fiona Mac–
Horowitz Wild Ass of Asia onager
leod’s pseudonym
William the Silent William—
Wintergarden of the East
Wild Bill Wi l l i a m J o s e p h
southern Florida (Wild Bill) Donovan; James
Prince of Orange
William of Stratford William
Wintergarden of the Gulf
lower Rio Grande Valley Wildcat Ferns Clarence Mc-
Butler (Wild Bill) Hickok
Shakspere
William Tell’s Town A l t d o r f
Wintergarden of the West
the Imperial Valley Wilderness of Judah western
Cubbins (boxer)
in Switzerland’s Uri Canton
Winterless Northland n o r t h - shores of the Dead Sea in Is-
William Trevor William Trevor
ernmost New Zealand rael
Cox
Winter Moon full moon in Jan- Wilderness Park N a h a n n i
Willie William; W(illiam)
uary National Park (Canadian
(Willie) Somerset Maugham
Winter Wonderland B r i t i s h Northwest Territories)
Willie Mays Willie Howard
Mays
Columbia
Eponyms, Nicknames
Wisconsin Ports Racine, Mil-
World’s Workshop p r o d u c - waukee, Port Washington,
Wonderland of America Wy -
tive nations such as Germany, Sheboygan, Manitowoc, Stur-
oming
Great Britain, Japan, and the geon Bay, Green Bay, Mari-
wood alcohol methyl alcohol
United States nette, Ashland, Superior
(CH 3 OH)
Wooden Leg Governor Peter
World War Photographer
Wisest Man of Greece S o -
Edward Steichen crates
Stuyvesant of Nieuw Amster-
W R Wi l l i a m R a n d o l p h Wish Book Sears, Roebuck
dam
Hearst’s nickname catalog
Wooden Nutmegs Connecti-
wrapper book dust jacket Witchcraft City Salem, Mas-
cuters
Wreckers Coast E n g l a n d ’s sachusetts
Woodie Woodmansee; Wood-
Cornish coast, Florida’s east Witch of Wall Street H e t t y
row
coast, North Carolina’s Outer Green
Woodland Capital B o i s e ,
Idaho
Banks around Nag’s Head,
Wizard of American Drama
other coasts where wreckers David Belasco
woodpile xylophone’s nick-
profit from shipwrecks Wizard from Vienna F r a n z
name
W-town Watertown Anton Mesmer
Woodstein Bob Woodward and
Carl Bernstein (of the Wash-
Wurst City in the World
Wizard of Kinderhook M a r-
S h e b oy ga n , Wi s c o n s i n , tin Van Buren—eighth Presi-
ington Post, known for un-
where making sausage is a dent of the United States
covering the Watergate
specialty Wizard of Menlo Park T h o -
coverup)
Wyoming Suffragette E s t h e r mas Alva Edison whose re-
Woody W C (William Claude)
Hobart Morris search laboratory was in
Fields; Woodrow; Woody
Xanadu Xamdu (city where Menlo Park, New Jersey
Allen; Woody Guthrie
Kubla Khan lived and name Wizard of the Saddle L i e u -
Woody Allen Allen Stewart
given the Hearst Castle at San tenant General Nathan Bed-
Konigsberg
Simeon, California by Orson ford Foffest, CSA
Woody Guthrie Wo o d r ow
Welles) Wizard of Scotland Sir Walter
Wilson Guthrie
Xanrof Léon Fourneau Scott
Woody Herman Wo o d r ow
Xavante Aermacchi jet-trainer Wizard of Tuskegee G e o rg e
Wilson Herman
ground-attack aircraft also Washington Carver
Wool and Mohair Capital of
designated AT-26 Wizard of Wall Street J P Mor-
the West Del Rio, Texas
Xavier Joseph Xavier Boni- gan
Woolworth Woolworth Build-
face’s nom de plume Wizard War electronic warfare
ing at 233 Broadway in New
Xavier Mayne E d wa r d I r e - Wizard of Word Music Edgar
York City; chain of stores
naeus Stevenson Allan Poe
once called 5-and-10 or five
Xenius Eugenio d’Ors W N P Barbellion Bruce Fre-
and dime
Xenocoj Santo Domingo, Gua- derick Cummings (1889–
The Woolworth’s Touch appeal
temala 1919)
to the common man
Xeres Jerez de la Frontera Wobblies International Work-
Woo Poo cadet’s nickname for
Xers members of the so-called ers of the World (so named
West Point
X generation because Chinese members
Word Jeweler Lafcadio Hearn
Xibaro Jivaro pronounced IWW as I Wobbly
Xipangu Marco Polo’s name Wobbly)
Word King New Zealand-born
for Japan Wolf House J a c k L o n d o n ’s
British lexicographer Eric
X-ray Discoverer Wi l h e l m home in Glen Ellen, Califor-
Partridge
Konrad Roentgen nia
Workers’ Paradise d e r i s ive
Xtet (Swedish—the X)—Sven Wolf Moon full moon in Janu-
nickname applied to the com-
Erixson ary
munist-controlled USSR
XYY syndrome unusually ag- wolfram iron manganese tung-
Workshop of the Orient J a -
gressive male having an extra state
pan
Y-sex chromosome Wolverine nickname for Mich-
World Citizen Thomas Paine
Y2K bug computer problem iganite
World Island African-Asian-
linked to outdated operating- Wolverine State Michigan
European land mass
system clocks Woman with the Whip E v i t a
World’s Biggest Bookend nick-
y and y yin and yang (comple- Perón
name of the Secretariat build-
mentary and contrasting cos- Womb of Nations Scandina-
ing of the United Nations
mic figures/forces/principles) via
World’s First Streamlined
Ferry The Kalakala
Yaacov Agam Ya a c ov G i p -
Wonder City of the World
stein New York
World’s Greatest Bullshit Fac-
Yafo Tel Aviv’s seaport also Wonder State Arkansas
tory Hollywood, according
to John Dos Passos
known as Jaffa or Joppa
Eponyms, Nicknames
Yakumo Koizumi Lafacadio
Zaire Ports Banana, Boma, Hearn’s Japanese name
Yellow Thunder Country
Matadi Yallerhammer State Alabama
around the Dells of the Wis-
Zancle old name for Messina Yankee Athens New Haven,
consin River near Baraboo,
Zane Grey P e a r l G r ey ’s Connecticut
Wisconsin
pseudonym Yankee Clipper Joe Di Mag-
Yemeni Ports Qishn, Al Lu-
zazou (French nickname— gio
hayyah, Kamaran, Al Hu-
zootsuiter) Yankeedom N ew E n g l a n d ;
dayah, Al Mukalla, Perim
Zazul Vera Zazulich Northeastern United States
Harbour, Aden
Yerba Buena former name of
Zbig Zbigniew Brzezinski
Yankee Doodle Dandy
Zedland English shires of De- George M Cohan (born on
San Francisco
von, Dorset, and Somerset July 4)
Yerevan Armenia’s Erevan or
Zeke Ezekiel Yankee Gold ice that was cut
Erivan
Yezo Japanese island of Hok-
zeks (Soviet-Russian slang—
into blocks and shipped to prisoners)
kaido
buyers Zelda Griselda
Yggdrasill tree of the universe,
Yankee Land of the South
according to Norse mythol-
Zen Garden of the Atlantic
Georgia England’s Scilly Isles
ogy
Zenith imaginary Minnesota Yankee State Ohio
Yodelandia Switzerland
city whose leading citizen is Yanko-Spanko Conflict Span-
Yogi Lawrence Peter Berra,
George F Babbitt described ish-American War (so named
known as Yogi Berra
by Sinclair Lewis in his novel, in 1899 by historian Arthur
Yoknapatawpha Wi l l i a m
Babbitt Bird)
Faulkner’s mythical Missis-
sippi county
Zenith City of the Unsalted
Yaptown Cleveland, Ohio
Sea Duluth, Minnesota on Yard(s) Montagnard(s)
Yorkshire Queen of Song Su-
Lake Superior leading to the Yasnaya Polyana (Russian—
san Sunderland
other Great Lakes Clear Glade)—Tolstoy family
York State New York State
Zeppelin Graf von Zeppelin, home near Tula about 177 ki-
Young Hickory J a m e s K
builder of rigid airships bear- lometers (110 miles) south of
Polk—eleventh President of
ing his name Moscow
the United States
Zeppo Marx Herbert Marx Yaz Carl Yastrzemski (baseball
Young Napoleon U.S. General
Zero Mostel Sam Mostel player)
George B McClellan (1826–
Z-grams Admiral Zumwalt’s Yedo Tokyo’s old name (also
policy statements written Edo)
Young Pretender B o n n i e
Zih Zihuatenajo, Mexico Yekké Israeli-born nickname
Prince Charlie (Charles Ed-
Zihua Zihuatenajo, Mexico for German Jews
ward Louis Philip Casimir
Zilia Clara Josephine Wieck Yellow Belly Yo u n g s t ow n
Stuart)—son of the Old Pre-
(later Clara Schumann, the Sheet & Tube’s nickname
tender—James Stuart
Youth Personified J u ve n t u s
wife of the composer-critic
Robert Schumann who gave Yellow Emperor Huang Ti
yellowcake uranium ore (U 3 O 8 )
(Latin—youth)
You’ve Got a Friend State
her that pseudonym)
Zilli Cecilia yellow flag yellow signal flown
Pennsylvania
Yo-Yo Luis Arroyo (baseball
Zinoviev, Grigori Evseevich
when a vessel requests pra-
Hirsch Apfelbaum tique; letter Q or Quebéc in
player)
Zipango Marco Polo’s name the international code; also
Yseult Isolde
for Japan (variant spelling of called the quarantine flag
Y-town Yorktown; Youngs-
Xipangu) Yellowhammer Alabama state
town
zips zipper fruits (easy-to-peel bird; symbolic nickname of
Yucatan Channel ocean pas-
targelos and tangerines) an Alabaman
sage between Cuba and
Zoé (French nickname—au- The Yellowhammer State Al-
Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico;
tomic pile) abama
connects Caribbean Sea with
Zola of America S i r A r t h u r yellowjack quarantine flag;
Gulf of Mexico
Conan Doyle’s nickname for yellow fever; yellow flag
Yucca Country the southwest-
Upton Sinclair Yellow Kid Micky Dugan, a
ern United States
Zonian(s) American(s) of the character in the comic strip
Yukio Mishima K i m i t a ke
Panama Canal Zone Hogan’s Alley
Hiraoka’s pseudonym
Yul Brynner Taidje Kahn, Jr
Zoological Attic of the World
yellow rain biochemical poi-
Australia, New Guinea, New son dropped by enemy air-
Yu-Lin Betty Yü-Lin Ho
Zealand, Tasmania craft; deadly weapon consist-
Yuri Bilstin Youry Bildstein
Zorro Zoilo Versalles (baseball ing of chemicals and
Yves Montand Ivo Livi
player) myotoxins
Yvonne de Carlo P eg g y
Zsa Zsa Gabor Sari Gabor yellows nembutal
Yvonne Middleton
Zagreb Agram
Zsuzsa Zsuzsa Heiligenberg
Eponyms, Nicknames
Zubie Zubin Mehta of the New
Zungaria Dzungaria or Sun- York Philharmonic
Zuinglius Latinization of Ul-
rich Zwingli
garia region between Mongo-
Zulo Ignacio de Zuloaga
lia and Russia
Fishing Port Symbols