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e. The Factors Influencing Reading Comprehension
Dallman 1982: 165 points out the factors influencing the reading comprehension, they are:
1 External Factors a Difficulty of material
Difficult material that is beyond the student‟s level is one of the major causes of lack comprehension.
b Intelligence A students ability to comprehend in reading is sometimes limited by his mental
abilty enabling him to carry. The intelligence of the reader will influence the capacity of the reader in comprehending passage.
c Environment The extent of the environment affects comprehension varies with individuals.
d Teacher‟s method
Methods of teaching that concentrate on the recognation of individual words without neglecting attention to meaning assist the students‟ quality in
comprehending the text. 2 Internal Factors
a Motivation Motivation is one of the important factors of learners in reading
comprehension. b Self-esteem
Sefl-esteem has important role in developing reading comprehension. It is a human being personality that is active, highly confident.
c Self-actualization Self-actualization is one of the basic physical needs, students have a feeling to
create and improve their ability in reading to be best.
f. The Types of Reading
As had already been examined that in real life, the purposes of reading is constantly vary. Therefore, when facing a certain exercise the teacher should
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make a variation of the question and the activities according to the type of the text and the purposes in reading it. For example, reading on a page of certain
advertisement. It would need different skills in comprehending of every single advertisement rather than facing a general book of reading. The different skills of
the reading are related to the ways of reading. Grellet 1981:4 suggests some ways of reading. The main ways of reading are as follows:
1 Skimming Skimming consists of quickly running eyes across the whole text an essay,
article, a chapter to get the guess. Skimming gives the readers advantage of being able to predict the purpose of the passage, the main topic, or message,
and possibly some of the developing or supporting ideas. 2 Scanning
Scanning is quickly going through a text to find a particular peace of information. Scanning exercise may ask students to look for names or dates, to
find a definition of a key concept, or to list number of supporting details. The purpose of scanning is to extract certain specific information without reading
through the whole text. 3 Extensive reading
Extensive reading is reading a longer text, usually for ones own pleasure. This is fluency activity, mainly involving global understanding.
4 Intensive reading Intensive reading means reading a shorter text, to extract some specific
information. This is more an accuracy activity. The different ways of reading are not mutually exclusive. For instance,
someone often skim through a passage to see what it is about before deciding whether it is worth scanning for a particular paragraph for the information that
is looking for. From the explanations above, the researcher concludes that to be a good
reader in reading comprehension, readers must develop and used different reading strategies.
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g. Microskills for Reading Comprehension
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