Research Objectives Research Benefits

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter describes the theories used in the thesis about compound nouns in The Jakarta Post. This chapter consists of two parts. Those parts are the theoretical description and the theoretical framework. The first part explains the theories which are relevant to the study. The next one talks about the theories which are used to answer the research problems.

A. Theoretical Description

This section contains relevant theories of the study. The researcher provides seven topics which are related to this research. The topics are morphology, compound, noun, compound noun, compounds vs phrases, corpus linguistics, and previous research. 1. Morphology Since compound is a part of Morphology study, it is better for the readers to understand about Morphology before discussing compound. Morphology is a part of linguistics that focuses on words. According to Bauer 2003, morphology is “the study of words and their structure” p.3. Bauer also adds that morphology is a study about the changes of words. Precisely, it focuses on the shapes of the words and the specific units that used to change the words. 11 There are a lot of things that can be learned from morphology. They are morpheme, affixation, inflection, derivation, and word-formation. Morpheme is the single basic unit of meaning O‟ Graddy, 1997. Meanwhile, affixation is the adding of prefix, suffix, or infix in a morpheme. This affixation can cause an inflection which produces the word forms of given lexeme but still in the same lexical, for instance fly becomes flies. Meanwhile, derivation produces the different forms of a lexeme in a different lexical. The example of derivation is lexeme write which is a verb becomes writer which is a noun. As for the word-formation, there are many kinds of word-formation. They are compound, blend, conversion, and many more. Since this study is related to compound, the word-formation that would be discussed is compound. The further explanation about compound can be seen in the next topic. 2. Compound Compound or compounding can be defined as the combination of two or more words which acts as a single lexical item. Katamba 1993 argues that a compound word consists of at least two bases which are words, or root morphemes. He also adds that the bases which form the compound word can occur anywhere as independent words. In another book, Matthews 2009 states that compound is formed by two or simpler lexemes. He chooses the lexeme instead of word or base. It is because he differentiates the word-formation and compounding. In word-formation, a complex lexeme is directly related to a simpler lexeme. On the other hand, the larger unit in compounding is related to at least two simpler lexemes.