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consists of 10 short narrative text with each text contains 5 questions related to the text.
1. Instrument for Reading Comprehension of Narrative Text a. Concept and Operational Definition
1 Concept Definition
a Dutcher in Ulmer et al stating that reading comprehension is a process which the reader background knowledge, the information on the text and the
situation when reading are interacted with each other. b Chatman in his book, state that narrative is a compiled series of events that
ends with conclusion.
2 Operational Definition
While the operational definition of reading comprehension on narrative text includes students understanding in sentences, this includes their understanding of
characters, plot, setting, moral of the story and classifying the text organization.
Table 3.1 Test for Pre-test and Post-test
Indicator Questions Number
Total Questions
1. Determining the
schematic structure: a. Orientation:
Characters, setting, and plot.
Characters : 1, 35, 37, 42, 43
Setting : 2, 14, 34, 39, 46
Plot : 6, 20, 23, 27, 28 Characters: 5
Setting : 5 Plot : 5
b. Complication 11, 16, 31, 45, 50
5 c. Story Sequence
5, 8, 24, 33, 38 5
d. Resolution: moral of the story.
4, 10, 22, 29, 32 5
2. Ability to
make
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Indicator Questions Number
Total Questions
inferences of events in the story and finding
the synonym
and antonym.
Inference: 9, 12, 18, 25, 48
Synonym: 3, 7, 13, 17, 21
Antonym: 26, 30, 40, 41, 44
Inference: 5 Synonym : 5
Antonym : 5
3. Determining the story organization.
15, 19, 36, 47, 49 5
Total Questions
50
G. Data Collection Technique
In this research, there are three steps on the experiment. The pre-test where the students read some narrative texts and answer sets of question regarding the
texts. Then, the class had a treatment that is playing the video game and taking notes about their feelings on learning English through the game. Last, the post-test
is a narrative text too with its set of question and same level as the pre-test. Before conducting pre-test and post-test, the researcher needed to determine
which questions is valid and reliable. Therefore, the researcher conducting validity test and reliability test on the same school but in four different classes.
The researcher using class VIII-1, VIII-4, VIII-5, and VIII-6 to determine the validity and reliability of the test, by providing 70 questions of multiple choices.
To analyze the test, there are four steps to determine the validity and reliability, they were:
1. Validity Test
The researcher used anatest software version 4.0.9 developed by Drs. Karnoto, M.Pd. and Yudi Wibisono, ST., to test the validity of the instrument. A
valid test is a test that measures accurately on what it is intended to measure.
6
6
Athur Hughes, Testing for Language Teachers, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003, p. 26.
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