27
Indicator Questions Number
Total Questions
inferences of events in the story and finding
the synonym
and antonym.
Inference: 9, 12, 18, 25, 48
Synonym: 3, 7, 13, 17, 21
Antonym: 26, 30, 40, 41, 44
Inference: 5 Synonym : 5
Antonym : 5
3. Determining the story organization.
15, 19, 36, 47, 49 5
Total Questions
50
G. Data Collection Technique
In this research, there are three steps on the experiment. The pre-test where the students read some narrative texts and answer sets of question regarding the
texts. Then, the class had a treatment that is playing the video game and taking notes about their feelings on learning English through the game. Last, the post-test
is a narrative text too with its set of question and same level as the pre-test. Before conducting pre-test and post-test, the researcher needed to determine
which questions is valid and reliable. Therefore, the researcher conducting validity test and reliability test on the same school but in four different classes.
The researcher using class VIII-1, VIII-4, VIII-5, and VIII-6 to determine the validity and reliability of the test, by providing 70 questions of multiple choices.
To analyze the test, there are four steps to determine the validity and reliability, they were:
1. Validity Test
The researcher used anatest software version 4.0.9 developed by Drs. Karnoto, M.Pd. and Yudi Wibisono, ST., to test the validity of the instrument. A
valid test is a test that measures accurately on what it is intended to measure.
6
6
Athur Hughes, Testing for Language Teachers, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003, p. 26.
28
The criteria of validity:
7
r_xy = 0.91
—
1.00 = very high r_xy
= 0.71
—
0.90 = high r_xy
= 0.41
—
0.70 = enough r_xy
= 0.21
—
0.40 = low r_xy
= 0.21 = very low
After calculating, the validity value of the instrument was 0.75. This means that the test had high validity, from 70 questions there are 63 questions were valid
and the other questions are not valid.
2. Reliability Test
Reliability test used to measure the consistency of the test result. According to Arikunto, reliability used to measure instrument that provides consistency of the
indicators in the research.
8
Then, the researcher using anatest software version 4.0.9 developed by Drs. Karnoto, M.Pd. and Yudi Wibisono, ST. to determine the reliability value of the
instrument. From the calculation using anatest, the reliability value
r was 0.87 and 0.67. Then,
r should be compared with the r
t le
r
t
of product moment. The students participated on this test was about 144 students, and based on the
r
t le
r
t
of product moment, it showed r
t 5
is 0.16. An instrument is reliable if the reliability value is higher than
r
t le 9
. From the calculation, it can be concluded that the reliability value 0.87 and.0.67 were
7
Suharsimi Arikunto, Dasar-Dasar Evaluasi Pendidikan, Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 2012, p. 89.
8
Ibid., p. 101.
9
Suharsimi Arikunto, Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktik, Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2013, p. 228.
