Furthermore, it is to provide the audience with a description of what occurred and when it occurred.
12
It shows that the purpose of recount text is to give the explanation about the process and time of events that happened.
2. The Schematic Structure of Recount Text
The schematic of recount text consists of three parts, namely orientation, event, and reorientation. The further explanation is as follows:
13
a. Orientation, a first paragraph that gives background information about who, what,
where, and when. b.
Event is a series of paragraph that retell the events in the order in which they happened.
c. Reorientation is a concluding paragraph of all the events that had been told. not
always necessary Hence, the schematic structure of recount text has three sections which the
first paragraph, called orientation, tells the characters who involved in story; what happened in general, the place where the events happened, and the time of the events.
Next, event tells what happened in sequence. The last is re-orientation as an ending paragraph.
3. The Language Features of Recount Text
According to Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson the language features of recount text are:
14
a. Proper noun to identify those involved in the text.
b. Descriptive words to give details about who, what, when, and where.
c. The use of the past tense to retell the events.
d. Words that show the order of events for example: first, next, then, etc.
12
Anderson and Anderson, loc. cit.
13
Ibid., p. 50.
14
Ibid.
4. The Sample of Recount Text
This is one example of recount text:
15
„The X Files‟ „The X Files‟ is one of television‟s most popular shows,
watched each week by millions of people in over sixty countries. The show was created by Chris Carter, a former magazine
editor, who always wanted to make a cool and scary television series. His idea for „The X Files‟ came after he saw the results of a
survey that said three out of every hundred Americans believed that aliens had captured them.
Carter‟s next step was to produce a pilot episode, which was to be the beginning of the series. When it was shown on
American television it received poor reviews. After a while the audience grew and „The X Files‟ became
popular with both adults and teenagers. By this time Carter was able to spend more on production.
„The X Files‟ has been nominated for many awards and continues to attract a growing audience.
C. Computer-Assisted Language Learning CALL
1. Definition of CALL
Computer assisted language learning CALL is both exciting and frustrating as a field of research and practice. It is exciting because it is complex, dynamic and
quickly changing – and it is frustrating for the same reasons. CALL expanded in
1980‟s and 1990‟s with accessibility of personal computers for language learners.
16
15
Ibid. p. 50.
16
Omer Eren, “Students‟ Attitudes towards Using Social Networking in Foreign Language Classes: A Facebook Example”, International Journal of Business and Social Science 3, No. 20
Special Issue – October 2012, p. 288.
ORIENTATION
RE- ORIENTATION
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
CALL is defined by Davies as “an approach to language teaching and learning in which computer technology is used as an aid to the presentation, reinforcement, and
assessment of material to be learned, usually including a sustainable interactive element.
17
In addition, Maley stated that CALL is the newest in the several of
modern language learning aids which began with gramophone.
18
So, CALL is a process that uses a computer and, as a result, it improves l
earner‟s language.
2. Types of CALL
Types of CALL programsmaterials include from ICT4LT Module 1.4
19
: a.
CALL-specific software: applications designed to develop and facilitate language learning, such as CD-ROMs, web-based interactive language learning
exercisesquizzes see CD-ROM examples for language learning b.
Generic software: applications designed for general purposes, such as word- processors Word, presentation software PowerPoint, see an e-book made by
students Many Moons, and spread sheet Excel, that can be used to support language learning see examples of using Excel for language learning
teaching Also see Microsoft Office Online Templates c.
Web-based learning programs: online dictionaries, online encyclopaedias, online concordances, newsmagazine sites, e-texts, web-quests, web publishing, blog,
wiki, social networking sites, etc. d.
Computer-mediated communication CMC programs: synchronous - online chat; asynchronous - email, discussion forum, message board, etc.
17
Mahdi, op.cit., p.192.
18
David Herdisty and Scott Windeatt, CALL: Resource Books for Teachers, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989, p. 3
19
Davies G., et al., “Introduction to Computer Assisted Language Learning CALL; Module
1.4 in Davies G. ed.”, Information and Communications Technology for Language Teachers
ICT4LT. Slough: Thames Valley University. 2012. Available at: http:www.ict4lt.orgenen_mod1- 4.htm, accessed on 23-01-2014.
