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reader to understand why something is right, wrong, or in between. Editorials, letters to the editor in newspapers and magazines, and the text for a political
speech are examples of persuasive writing. 5
Comparison and contrast Through comparison and contrast, a writer points out the similarities and
differences about a topic. Comparison is used to show what is alike or in common. Contrast is used to show what is not alike or not in common.
Describing living conditions in 1900 and living conditions today would allow for much comparison and contrast.
By using the writing technique that fits your purpose, you will be able to communicate your ideas effectively. When the ideas appear, it will be easy to
write and finally produce a good writing.
2.2.3 Definition of Text
The definition of text is stated by Anderson 1997: 1 that we live in a world of words. When these words are put together to communicate a meaning, a piece of
text is created. It means that when we produce words, we have created a text. Creating a text requires us to make choices about the words we use and how we
put them together. If we make the right choices then we can communicate with others, our choices of words will depend on our purpose and our surrounding.
According to Anderson 1997: 1 that there are two main categories of texts-literary and factual. Within these are various text types. Each text type has a
common way of using language. Those text types are shown in this figure below.
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TEXT TYPES
LITERARY FACTUAL
Narrative Recount
Poetry Explanation
Drama Discussion
Information report Exposition
Procedure Response
Figure 2.1 The Category of Text Types
Literary texts include Aboriginal Dreaming stories, movie scripts, limericks, fairy tales, plays, novels, song lyrics, mime and soap operas. They are constructed
to appeal to our emotions and imagination. Literary texts can make us laugh or cry, think about our own life or consider our beliefs.
Factual texts include advertisement, announcements, internet web sites, current affairs shows, debates, recipes, report and instructions. They present
information or ideas and aim to show, tell or persuade the audience. The main text types in this category are recount, response, explanation, discussion, information
report, exposition and procedure. Here the writer concludes that a text is divided into Literary and Factual
Text. Both can be a spoken or written form. Those texts can be learned in schools
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including Junior High School and Senior High School. Teaching writing itself also needs strategies and one of them is using a media. That media should be
appropriate, so it will be easier in teaching and also producing writing.
2.3 Media
