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2 Spelling
This act involves specific sound symbol conventions to discriminate among various sounds.
3 Writing Practice
It involves a graphic form, according to the system accepted by educated native speakers, combination of words, which may be spoken to convey a
certain meaning in specific circumstance. 4
Composition It is the most highly developed form. In this form, writing refers to the
expression of ideas in consecutive way, according to the graphic conventions of the language. The ultimate aim of a writer at this stage is in a polished
literary form, which requires the utilization of a special vocabulary and certain refinements of structure.
2.2.1 Definition of writing
Writing is difficult enough to learn. When the students eager to write a text, they have to be able to write a word, phrase, clause, sentence, paragraph and then text.
By writing they can express their idea and feeling in order to communicate with others.
Because of the importance of writing, it is taught in schools. By learning writing they can get knowledge how to write correctly so that their writing can be
accepted by others. White 1980: 8 suggests three points about the importance of writing.
They are:
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1 The linguists had become interested in studying the characteristic of written
language as well as spoken language. 2
Teacher of English had become increasingly concerned with the need to teach writing to students of science and technology, for whom ability to use the
spoken language might be secondary or even irrelevance. 3
Coinciding with the increased interest in written language by both linguists and English teachers had been a considerable growth in the study of language
beyond the sentences that was in discourse.
In conclusion, writing is very complex in which we have to work harder in producing a good writing. A good writing will be easy understood and more
enjoyable when the readers read that. Although how to make a writing is difficult, it could be solved by using media too. That media should be appropriate for the
writer itself. Here the writer is a Junior High School student in which he needs to understand how writing could be very important. Because of that importance, the
writer itself has to try to produce a good writing by learning the writing through the media. It is hoped that the students will get easier in writing and have the
ability of writing well.
2.2.2 Technique of Teaching Writing
Technique of teaching writing is very important both for the teacher and also the students. Writing is an important form of communication. Good writers use
different writing techniques to fit their purpose for writing. Taken from http:www.how-to-study.comstudy-skillsenlanguage-arts18writing-
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techniques
,
to be a good writer, we must master each of the following writing techniques. They are:
1 Description
Through description, a writer helps the reader use the senses of feeling, seeing, hearing, smelling, and tasting to experience what the writer
experiences. Description helps the reader more clearly understand the people, places, and things about which the writer is writing. It is the most common
form of writing. You will find descriptive writing in newspapers, magazines, books, and most other forms of written communication.
2 Exposition
Through exposition, a writer informs, explains, and clarifies hisher ideas and thoughts. Exposition goes beyond description to help the reader understand
with greater clarity and depth the ideas and thoughts of the writer. Expository writing, like descriptive writing, is commonly found in newspapers,
magazines, books, and most other forms of written communication. 3
Narration Through narration, a writer tells a story. A story has characters, a setting, a
time, a problem, attempts at solving the problem, and a solution to the problem. Bedtime stories are examples of short stories while novels are
examples of long stories. The scripts written for movies and plays are further examples of narrative writing.
4 Persuasion
Through persuasion, a writer tries to change a readers point of view on a topic, subject, or position. The writer presents facts and opinions to get the
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reader to understand why something is right, wrong, or in between. Editorials, letters to the editor in newspapers and magazines, and the text for a political
speech are examples of persuasive writing. 5
Comparison and contrast Through comparison and contrast, a writer points out the similarities and
differences about a topic. Comparison is used to show what is alike or in common. Contrast is used to show what is not alike or not in common.
Describing living conditions in 1900 and living conditions today would allow for much comparison and contrast.
By using the writing technique that fits your purpose, you will be able to communicate your ideas effectively. When the ideas appear, it will be easy to
write and finally produce a good writing.
2.2.3 Definition of Text
