45
2. Planning
In developing of planning of the study, the data from research and information collecting would be used as basis. The process of planning consisted
of five steps. The first step explored the syllabus. The second step contained the explanation of topics, competency standard and basic competencies. The third
step presented the indicators of learning. The fourth step performed the subject contents of the designing materials. The fifth process explained the teaching
learning activities and the source of the materials.
a. The Syllabus
The syllabus provided in Seminari Pius XII Kisol accommodated the school based curriculum. In developing the syllabus for writing, the learning
materials of writing for students of grade XI basically based on the materials provided in school based curriculum. The materials related to the genres of
writing. The genres of writing that are taught to students of grade XI were report, narrative, analytical exposition, news items, spoof, and hortatory exposition texts.
The materials were given in two semesters. The allocation of time for learning and teaching the materials were 16 contact hours. In designing the syllabus the
competency standard and basic competencies were stated. Based on the need analysis, the descriptive and argumentative texts should
be accommodated in designing the materials. The two genres of writing did not only answer students’ need but also accommodated the internal curriculum of
Seminari Pius XII Kisol. The two genres were stressed specifically in internal curriculum of seminary.
46
b. Skill, Topics, Competency Standard and Basic Competencies
The skill that would be developed in the designing process was writing skills. Besides to fulfill school based curriculum, the writing skill was chosen to
fulfill the specific demand of the internal curriculum in seminary; to prepare students to finish an English paper when they were in grade XII. The process of
teaching and learning writing for the students of grade XI was the preparation to fulfill the specific demand. Before writing an English paper, the students had
already got background knowledge about writing, especially about the process of writing and the genre of writing. By providing the specific writing materials, the
students would be competent to write an English paper. All the materials in design process were taken from books, magazines,
news paper, website and private writing. The materials were developed based on the topics. The topics were chosen from students’ need analysis. The competency
standard and basic competencies were formulated from school based curriculum. The proposed materials consist of eight units. Every unit developed one topic. The
following table presented the units of learning, topics, competency standard and basic competencies.
Table 4.1 Table of Topics, Competency Standard and Basic Competencies Unit Topics
Competency Standards Basic Competencies
1 Pollution
To express meaning of essay text in the form of
report in
daily life
context To express meaning and
rhetorical steps in essay by using written language
manner accurately,
fluently and acceptably in daily life context in the
Continued to page 47
47 form of report text.
2 Funny Story
To express meaning of short functional text and
essay in the form of spoof
in daily
life context
To express meaning and rhetorical steps in essay
by using written language manner
accurately, fluently and acceptably in
daily life context in the form of spoof text.
3 Environment
To express meaning of short functional text and
simple essay in the form of descriptive in daily
life context To express meaning and
rhetorical steps in essay by using written language
manner accurately,
fluently and acceptably in daily life context in the
form of descriptive text.
4 City Life
To express meaning of short functional text and
simple essay in the form of news items in daily
life context To express meaning and
rhetorical steps in essay by using written language
manner accurately,
fluently and acceptably in daily life context in the
form of news item text.
5 Story Telling
To express meaning of short functional text and
essay in the form of narrative in daily life
context To express meaning and
rhetorical steps in essay by using written language
manner accurately,
fluently and acceptably in daily life context in the
form of narrative text.
6 Global Warming
To express meaning of essay text in the form of
analytical exposition in daily life context
To express meaning and rhetorical steps in essay
by using written language manner
accurately, fluently and acceptably in
daily life context in the form
of analytical
exposition text. 7
Smoking To express meaning of
short functional text and essay in the form of and
To express meaning and rhetorical steps in essay
by using written language
Continued from page 46
Continued to page 48
48 hortatory exposition in
daily life context manner
accurately, fluently and acceptably in
daily life context in the form
of hortatory
exposition text. 8
People Today To express meaning of
monolog written text in the
form of
discussionargumentative in daily life context.
To express meaning and rhetorical
steps in
monolog text by using written language manner
accurately, fluently and acceptably
in daily
context in the form of discussion
argumentative text.
c. The indicators
Kategori