How could the Picture Word Inductive Model PWIM technique be implemented to improve the Grade VIII D students’ ability in writing narrative
texts at SMP N 3 Mlati?
E. Objective of the Research
This research aimed at improving the grade VIII D students’ ability in writing narrative texts through the use of Picture Word Inductive Model PWIM
at SMP N 3 Mlati in the academic year of 20142015.
F. Significance of the Research
It is expected that the research could give the theoretical and practical benefits.
1. Theoretically
a. For English Department of Yogyakarta State University, the researcher expects that the result of this study can be a reference related to the
topic of writing ability and the use of Picture Word Inductive Model PWIM to improve writing ability.
b. For the future researcher who will conduct similar study, the results of this research study can hopefully be a beneficial reference for them in
conducting their study. 2.
Practically a. For the teacher, especially the English teachers in SMP N 3 Mlati the
results of this research study are expected to help them in improving the students’ writing ability.
b. For the Grade VIII D students of SMP N 3 Mlati, this study is expected to give them a way to improve their writing ability.
c. For the researcher herself, this study is expected to improve her awareness of the importance of writing and to give experience in doing
a research in writing aspect and in working together with other people as well.
9
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
In the previous chapter, it was mentioned that the purpose of this study was to improve the grade VIII D students’ ability in writing narrative texts at SMP
N 3 Mlati through the use of PWIM. Hence, in this chapter, the researcher presents the theoretical review, review of related studies, and conceptual
framework. Theoretical review presents some theories that become the frames of thoughts of the study. Relevant studies present some reviews of previous studies
taken by several researchers. Conceptual framework presents the relation of theories and the study.
A. Theoretical Review
1. The Nature of Writing
a. Definitions of Writing
According to Langan 2008:13, writing can be defined as a skill. He states that a concept about writing must build on the idea that writing is a skill, not a
“natural gift”. People often imply that they simply do not have a talent for writing, while others do. Actually writing is a process of discovery involving a series of
steps. Those steps are very often a zigzag journey. It means that writers do not directly discover what they want to write until they explore their thoughts.
Furthermore Langan 2008:15 adds that writing can be defined as a way to communicate with others. To communicate effectively, people must constantly
adjust their writing to suit their purpose and audience. It means that before writer
