The Use of PWIM in Writing Narrative Texts

C. Conceptual Framework

This study began with the problem that occurred in English teaching and learning process. The problem was the low written ability of the VIII grade students at SMP N 3 Mlati. Most students found it difficult to generate ideas to start their writing. They also failed to choose the appropriate words for their writing. Moreover, it was confusing for them to organize ideas. Their grammar mastery can be said as low since most of them cannot use the right form of grammar. They also made many errors of spelling, punctuation, and capitalization. Based on the information obtained in the observation on the English teaching and learning process at VIII D class, the students had bad attitude towards learning. They tended to be passive and they got bored easily. Therefore, the use of teaching technique which can improve the students’ ability and motivation to write is needed. Among the various techniques, PWIM Picture Word Inductive Model is one alternative technique that is applied in writing. PWIM is good to improve the students’ ability in writing narrative texts due to some reasons. First, PWIM is very useful to engage students in writing activities. This technique helps them to generate ideas for their writing. Students should identify picture and label some provided pictures. They should write words around the pictures. Through the words that they write, they can find ideas for their writing product. Secondly, PWIM is beneficial to help the students understand narrative texts better. The picture word chart as a media in PWIM help the students to organize their ideas chronologically. PWIM also can be designed into several activities such as vocabulary building and grammar exercise so the students can learn about the language use in narrative texts. Furthermore, PWIM can be used in the teaching and learning process to improve the students’ motivation in writing. This technique requires the students to actively participated and involved in the teaching and learning process. Through the given activities, they are stimulated to write words, sentences, and paragraphs. Considering the benefits of the use of PWIM, in this research, the researcher decided to implement PWIM to improve the students’ ability in writing narrative texts in terms of content, organization, vocabulary, and language use. The researcher also used this technique to improve the students’ motivation in writing narrative texts. The framework of this study can be seen in the following scheme: