Subject Matter Approaches Procedure

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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

The methodology employed in this study is described in this chapter. It consists of four primary parts. The first is subject matter which communicates the focus of the study. The second is approaches which explain the steps in acquiring the intended answers in the problem formulation. The third is procedure which exemplifies the manner of the study is conducted. The fourth is sources which states the primary source and secondary sources the study used.

3.1. Subject Matter

Tennessee Williams’ The Glass Menagerie 1945 is the object of this study. The drama script is available in a book by Hans P. Guth and Gabriel L. Rico 1997: 1693-1742. It consists of seven scenes. In 1945, Williams’ The Glass Menagerie won the Drama Critic’s Circle Award and accomplished spectacular commercial success. Additionally, most of Williams works are based on his family atmosphere Hans P. Guth and Gabriel L. Rico, 1997: 1693. There are, at least, four characters in the play that are equally important. They are Amanda, the mother of the family, Laura, Amanda’s daughter, Tom, Amanda’s son, and Jim O’Connor, the gentlemen caller. The four characters are interrelated to one another to form the play story.

3.2. Approaches

The Psychological approach by Rohrberger, and Woods, Jr. 1971: 13 was the approach implemented in this study. According to them, psychological approach is a critical approach that “involves effort to locate and demonstrate certain recurrent patterns”. In this study, it would help to know character’s main reason to do certain thing from her or his thoughts that follow certain patterns. Through this approach, I could analyze more deeply about Tom’s thoughts, manner of behaviors and how he reacted to certain phenomena. Explicitly, the approach helped to analyze Tom’s character development in the play. Moreover, the approach could direct to observe and discover the influences of being in the matriarchal family on him. They were the reasons why the psychological approach was chosen. Since the study was about the matriarchal family, the psychological approach was used to investigating Tom’s reason of behaving. Tom’s reason of behaving must follow his thoughts that follow certain patters. In this study, the approach will be the strong background for analyzing Tom’s reason of behaving.

3.3. Procedure

The method implemented in this study for data gathering was library research. I referred to several books as guidance in doing the study. So as to be able to find the intended answers, I followed several procedures as follows: First, I read the primary PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI source several times. The knowledge gained from reading it would not be valid and credible for readers unless I really understood it and then shared it. By doing so, I believed that the data achieved would be reliable for the study and I could gain enough knowledge to do theoretical study as well as analyses. Second, I was able to find out the noteworthy information related to the Problem Formulation by being assisted with the knowledge after reading the primary source several times. This was done by analyzing the drama script. Third, I had to do theoretical study to reaffirm and confirm my analysis in order to be more reliable. The literature references were also giving new point of view in the analysis. Fourth, the psychological approach was very helpful to analyze the whys Tom’s behaviors. They led to the finding of Tom’s character development in the play. Fifth, I comprehended Tom’s personality traits. Sixth, I had to understand the literature reference about the influences of being in the matriarchal family to Tom. Seventh, assisted with the literature references, Tom’s Personality Traits, the influences of the matriarchal family on Tom, I was to analyze and to discover Tom’s character development under the Influence of being in the matriarchal family. Eighth, I drew conclusion from the answers. 31

CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS