Problem Formulation Objectives of the Study

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE

A. Review of Related Studies

This research focuses on the main character‟s characteristic towards the discrimination done by the white people. The writer needs to know the development of the character along the story. The writer finds other researches that have been done, which also uses Alice Nannup‟s When The Pelican Laughed. The writer sees the comparison of the writer‟s idea and others writer‟s idea from the researches. The first research that the writer uses entitled “Racial Discrimination towards The Aborigines in Australia s een through The Conflict in Alice Nannup‟s When The Pelican Laughed ” written by Refrita Indraswara. Indraswara‟s research is about the issue of racism towards the aborigines by the white people in Australia. Indraswara focuses on what conflict happens in the novel and how the conflict in this novel reveals the racial discrimination towards the aborigines in Australia. There are two objectives of the study. First, the writer focuses on the conflicts that happen in the novel. Second, the writer focuses on how the conflicts in Alice Nannup‟sWhen The Pelican Laughed reveal racial discrimination towards the Aborigines that is practiced by the The Whites in Australia Indraswara, 2013:xii. Indraswara discusses the conflict in the novel which is related to the racial discrimination by using Social-Cultural Historical approach. The theory that Indraswara uses is different from theory that the writer uses in this research, yet it is still very helpful for the writer, since the idea in Indraswara‟s research is almost the same to the writer ‟s idea in this research, so the writer may find any references related to the writer‟s research. Indraswara talks about the conflict, while the writer in this research talks about the treatment that the aborigines received from the whites where Alice, the main character is the representation of the aborigines. Another research that also di scusses Alice Nannup‟s When The Pelican Laughed is “The Indigenous Struggle of Aborigines in Western Australia in the 19 th Century as Reflected in Alice Nannup‟s life in When The Pelican Laughed” written by Risang Baskara. Baskara discusses the struggles of Aborigines because of discriminations by the the whites. Alice has to struggle with the white people that she works for. This part also presents how the Aborigines struggle against al l forms of white‟s oppression. The struggle is represented by their view and attitude toward the unequal treatment by the white. Alice‟s awareness to rebel and fight back to the colonizer is indigenous struggle that done by Alice Baskara, 2010:74. The idea in Baskara‟s research is almost the same with the idea in Indraswara‟s research. Both of them discuss the discrimination towards the aborigines, but Indraswara focuses on the racial discrimination. In analyzing it, they both use different approach. Indraswara uses Social-Cultural Historical approach, while Baskara uses theory of Postcolonial criticism and Indigenous struggle. The theory that those two writers used is different with the writer‟s theory, but both of them talk about the discrimination towards the aborigines by the whites as the superior.