CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
A. Object of the Study
The object that the writer uses in this study is When The Pelican Laughed, written by Alice Nannup with Lauren Marsh and Stephen Kinnane, first published
in 1992 by Fremantle Arts Centre Press, and reprinted in 1993, 1996, 2000. The city of publication was in Western Australia. The genre of this novel is
biographical novel. It provides a fictional person‟s life. This novel tells the experiences of a person during hisher lifetime. This is a novel that consist the
biography of the writer itself. The writer tells her true story of her life. She is also helped by her two best friends in making the novel. This novel consists of four
parts. Part one is about Alice with her identity as Aborigine child Wari, as a young girl. It includes her story since 1911-1925. Part two is Alice Basset, a
young woman 1925-1932, part three is Alice Nannup Ngangka 1933-1965,
and the last part that is part four is Nan, a great grandmother 1968-1991.
This novel is about the personal life story of Alice Nannup, deeply informed by Alice‟s battling spirit and her particular voice. It is a story of learning
to be strong in who you are. Alice was born on a Pilbara station in 1911 of an Aboriginal mother and
European father. She is taken to the south at the age of twelve. She is being discriminated by the whites since she was child until she gives birth to her
children. After a full and eventful life, including many battles with the authority and raising ten children, she returns home sixty-
four years later “to make peace
with her country”. Alice‟s life story, When The Pelican Laughed compellingly
illuminates many aspects of the experience of Aboriginal people taken from their family community in the nineteen twenties and thirties.
B. Approach of the Study
To have a deep understanding about literary work, the writer uses a certain approach to analyze it. This study is related to the colonized people and their land
done by the superior one. The writer needs an approach to analyze this kind of phenomenon. To help the writer understands about colonized and colonizer,
Postcolonial study is suitable. Postcolonial is the approach in which colonialism is the object of discussion. It talks about the one who colonizes and the one who is
being colonized. In this case, the whites Australian and the blacks Aborigines are the example of colonizer and colonized. This approach is very suitable with
the literary work that the writer uses in this study. The work that the writer used is talking about Aborigines who are discriminated by the whites. This is a story that
describes about the effect of Colonialism to Aborigine people such as the experience of migration, slavery, difference, and race. So, this approach is chosen
in analyzing the novel for this study. Postcolonial criticism is a theory that discuss about European colonization
of the Americas, Africa, Asia, and South pacific which carried out in the seventeenth through twentieth century‟s Guerin, 2011:361.
According to Homi Bhabha, Postcolonial theory involves analysis of nationality, ethnicity, and politics with poststructuralist ideas of identity and
indeterminacy, defining Postcolonial identities as shifting, hybrid constructions. Guerin, 2011:364.
Postcolonial characteristic includes give the positive effects to the one who is being colonized by the colonizer. The colonized orient can be free and
independent after the colonization that heshe experiences.
C. Method of the Study
The method of the study in analyzing the work and answering the problem formulation was library research. Library research is a method that the writer
needs to find the books and some sources in the internet. The writer searched for the object for the study first, and then looked for some other books to support the
primary source of this study. The primary source of this study is the When The Pelican Laughed
novel, while the second source is the theories. The theories are theory of character and characteristic, theory of Racism, and theory of
Postcolonial. After finding the primary source of this study, the writer searched for
books, articles, journals, or eBooks that is related to the writer‟s discussion. After that, the writer looked for the books that are related to the approach that the writer
wanted to use in this study. It is used in analyzing the novel and strengthens the writer‟s analysis. After the writer found which approach that was suitable for the
writer‟s work, then the writer picked one approach to be applied as the primary theory in analyzing the novel. After that, the writer made the analysis which
contains the answer of the three problem formulations. After making the analysis,
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