Based on the example, we know that Diana tells to Sonia that the time is 07.00 a.m. So, the meaning of illocution is the time is 07.00 a.m. because
locutionary only focuses on the meaning of utterance.
2. Illocutionary
Pragmatics considers the language in a more concrete level than grammar. In short, speech is considered as a form of activity or a speech acts. In Austin’s
opinion, Illocutionary is doing something that had the purpose and function or power of speech.
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So, it means the utterance of speaker has hope to the hearer to do something.
Illocutionary acts are speech acts that serve to tell or inform something and used to do something. For examples of illocutionary act is hot air. This
utterance has purpose that the speakers asked the hearer to open the door immediately, or turn on the fan. So it is clear that the speech contains a specific
intent addressed to the hearer. For example in a dialogue: Diana: the time now is 07.00 a.m. Sonia
Sonia: Ok. Let’s go to school. Based on example above, we know that Diana tells to Sonia that time is 07.00
a.m. But, based on illocutionary acts’s meaning that Diana invites to Sonia to go to school because the study in school will begin on 07.10 a.m. This explaining
shows that illocutionary acts and locutionary acts are different.
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Stephen C. Levinson, Opcit., p. 236.
3.
Perlocutionary
The utterances of speakers often have an effect or influence power. The effect produced by the utter something that is by Austin called perlocutionary.
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The effect or reaction of the hearer from the utterance of the speaker is an act of perlocutionary. There are some verbs that can be sign of perlocutionary act. They
are persuading, receiving, pushing, annoy, frighten, delight, embarrassment, attract attention, and others. Examples:
Diana: the time now is 07.00 a.m. Sonia Sonia: Ok. Let’s go to school
Based on the example, the answer of Sonia is the effect from the utterance of Diana or known as perlocutionary acts.
Sometimes, in the conversation, we face an illocutionary acts which has a different perlocutionary acts. It happens because a factor, situation and social
relationship of the hearer. Example: Sealer: cookies for sale
Jony: I am sorry. I have a bunch of bread In other situation with different person:
Sealer: Miss, we made cookies. Do you want buy them? Rosy: Hmmm…the smell is good. I take all them.
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Joshua c. Stone, Triadic to Trinitarian: Kevin J. Vanhoozer’a Application of J.L. Austin’s Speech
Act Theory, Eleutheria: A Graduated Student Journal. Vol. 1. 2010. P.63.
