Obligation Types of Modality in Ivanka Trump’s Campaign Speech

with Donald Trump, feeling that life could be great again. 4. I.7 There have always been men of all background and ethnicities on my father‟s job sites. High Always 5. I.9 Billionaire executive don‟t usually ask the people doing the work for their opinion of the work. Mid Usually 6. I.10 On every one of his projects, you will see him talking to the super, the painter, the eingineers, the electricians. Mid Usually 7. I.11 He will ask them for their feedback, if they think something should be done differently or could be done better. Mid Usually Usuality refers to the state of how often somebody does an activity. Ivanka Trump in her speech employs seven modals which are categorized as usuality. Based on the text analysis, the writer finds out that two of seven modals are high level and five are mid level. In the following paragraph, the writer would like to discuss some of those sentences. The modal employed in 1 is would. This modal is a mid level modal of usuality which means usually. The subject of this sentence is he which refers to Donald Trump. The verb talk follows the modal. Based on the theory, this sentence means that Donald Trump usually talks to them. If it is seen from the whole context, the word them refers to the people who experience injustice and hardship. Sentence 2 has similar explanation to 1. The modal would is also a mid level of usuality which means usually. However, sentence 2 has different subject of sentence which is they. The personal pronoun they refers to the people who experience injustice and hardship. The modal in this sentence tells us that after they meet Donald Trump, they usually feel relief and believe that life could be great again. Sentence 4 employs modal adverb always. Based on the theory, always is a member of high level of usuality. It means that the frequency of doing the activity is often and never absent. In 4, Ivanka Trump means that, in the job sites, Donald Trump includes the men from all background and ethnicity like all the time. It means that they are never absent in a day because Donald Trump always wants them. The modal used in 6 is will. It is similar to the previous modal that it belongs to the mid level of usuality. The verb see follows the modal. The subject of this sentence is you. Based on the context, subject you refers to the audiences. The modal suggests meaning that on every one of Donald Trump‟s project, he usually talks to the super, the painter, engineers, and electricians. Sentence 7 also has similar explanation. Sentence 7 is related to sentence 6. The modal will is employed in this sentence. The subject is still Donald Trump. The verb ask follows the modal. It suggests the meaning that Donald Trump usually asks them super, painters, engineers, and electricians for feedback. At last, it shows that modal will can reflect someone‟s frequency in doing something.

B. Ideologies Reflected from the Use of Modality

After defining the types of modality used in both campaign speeches, the next thing to do was finding out the ideologies reflected from the modality. In this step, minding the degree of modality is important.

1. Ideologies in Melania Trump’s Campaign Speech

There are two ideologies found in Melania Trump‟s campaign speech. Those are commitment and self promotion. Each of them will be discussed below.

a. Commitment

The first ideology, commitment, is shown from the use of inclination. There are 12 inclinations found in Melania Trump‟s campaign speech. In the result of the first research question, the writer finds out that inclination is the most frequent type of modality used by the speaker. The percentage is 46,2. Nine of inclinations that are found are categorized as high level inclination. It has been mentioned that this level shows determination. The writer assumes that the use of determination insists commitment. It can be seen in table 4.4 about the summary of inclination in Melania Trump‟s campaign speech. The sentences that contain the high level of inclination reflect the commitment of both the speaker and the personal pronoun he which contextually refers to Donald Trump. The sentences will be discussed in the following paragraph. M.3table 4.4 I cannot or will not, take the freedoms this country offers for granted The sentence above has I as the subject. I, in the sentence, refers to the speaker, Melania Trump. From the use of modality, it can be seen that the speaker tries to express her commitment to not take the freedoms the country offers for