The modal which is employed in 10 is will. This modal is followed by the verb bring. However, this sentence is quite different to the previous sentences.
The modal will in this sentence shows something that enables the speaker and the audiences to achieve something. In this case, this modal is not used to show
someone‟s ability, but something else that enables someone to do something. In 14, it is kindness, love, and compassion that enable Melania Trump and the
audiences achieve togetherness.
c. Obligation
The obligations of Mel ania Trump‟s speech are summarized as below.
Table. 4.5 Summary of Obligation in Melania Trump Campaign Speech No Code
Sentence Level
Meaning
1 M.13
We should not be satisfied with the stagnation.
Mid Supposed
2 M.14
There has to be a plan for growth only then will fairness result.
High Required
The next type of modality which is used in Melania Trump‟s campaign speech is obligation. It has already been explained in the theoretical chapter that
obligation shows something that is required, supposed, or allowed. Even though several scientists suggest different levels of obligation, the main point of
obligation is to show the urgency and the importance of something to be done. There are two sentences in Melania Trump‟s speech that use modal with the type
of obligation. Those sentences are discussed below. In 1, the modal which is used is should. Based on the theory, this modal
is included in mid level of obligation which indicates something that is supposed
to do. The modal is followed by auxiliary verb be and an adjective satisfied. However, there is a negation not in the sentence. The sentence means that the
subject we is supposed to be unsatisfied with the stagnation. Supposed, based on the level of obligation, is a degree which is still negotiable. It is different if it is
compared to the high level which insists something obligatory. The example of high level of obligation can be seen in 2.
In 2, modal adverb has to is employed. This modal is categorized in high level of obligation which means something that cannot be negotiated. In the other
words, it can be insisted as a must. The modal is followed by auxiliary verb be and a noun phrase a plan. Melania Trump means that a plan is a must in order to
achieve the fairness. In the other words, Melania Trump means that the fairness will be achieved only if there is plan for that.
d. Probability
There are only two modals in Melania Trump‟s speech which are included in probability. Based on the theory, probability is the condition or state when
something possibly happens. Below, the table provides the sentences that contain modal type probability as found in Melania Trump‟s campaign speech. The
discussion also follows.
Table. 4.6 Summary of Probability in Melania Trump Campaign Speech No Code
Sentence Level
Meaning
1 M.18
The race will be hard-fought, all the way to November.
Mid Probable
2 M.19
There will be good times and hard times and unexpected turns.
Mid Probable
The modal type probability in 1 is will. According to the theory, will is included in mid level. The modal is used to show something that probably
happens. Melania Trump predicts that all the way to November is probably hard- fought. This modal is used because Melania Trump can be unsure with the future
condition. Nevertheless, she still has belief that it will be hard-fought. This explanation is also able to be applied in the last example, 2. The
modal used is also will. This modal is also included in mid level of probability. Melania Trump uses this modal to express her belief that in the future, there exist
good times, hard times, and unexpected turns. However, it is still appropriate to be called as prediction because Melania Trump still not sure about something that
may happen in the future time. That is why this modal is included in type probability in mid level.
2. Types of Modality in Ivanka Trump’s Campaign Speech
After the writer reads the script of Ivanka Trump‟s campaign speech, the writer finds out 35 sentences which contain modality. All of the sentences are
served in table of Modality in Ivanka Trump‟s Campaign Speech in the appendix.
There are five types of modality which are employed by Ivanka Trump. Those are inclination, potentiality and ability, usuality, obligation, and obligation. The
distribution of each type of modal in Ivanka Trump‟s campaign speech will is presented in the table below.
Table 4.7 Distribution of the Types of Modality in Ivanka Trump’s
Campaign Speech Type of Modal
Total Number
Level Percentage
High Mid
Low
Potentiality and Ability 12
9 -
3 34.3
Inclination 11
9 2
31.5 Usuality
7 2
5 -
20 Obligation
3 -
2 1
8.5 Probability
2 -
2 -
5.7 The table above shows that modal type inclination occurs 11 times. Two of
them are categorized as mid level and two of them are mid level. The percentage of inclination is 31.4. The type of potentiality and ability occurs 12 times. The
percentage of potentiality and ability is 34.4. The next type that appears in Ivanka Trump‟s speech is obligation. It occurs three times. Two of them are
included in mid level and the rest is low level. The percentage of obligation is 8.5. Type probability occurs twice. Both of them are included in mid level. The
percentage of probability is 5.7. The last type of modality found in Ivanka Trump‟s campaign speech is usuality. There are 7 modals found. Two modals
belongs to the high level and five modals to the mid level. The percentage of this type is 20. Each of the type will be discussed below.
a. Inclination
Inclination, like what have been discussed in the previous part, shows certain desire to do something. In the discussion of Melania Trump‟s type of
modality, it has been discussed that inclination shows certain willingness,
intention, or plan to do something. In Ivanka Trump‟s speeches, it is also found 11 modals, inclination. Below are the summary of those sentences.
Table. 4.8 Summary of Inclination in Ivanka Trump’s Campaign Speech
No Code Sentence
Level Meaning
1. I.14
As president, my father will change the labor laws that were put into place at a
time when women are not a significant portion of the workforce.
High Determination
2. I.15
And he will focus on making quality childcare affordable and accessible for
all. High
Determination 3.
I.17 He will fight for equal pay for equal
work. High
Determination 4.
I.18 And I will fight for this too, right along
side of him. High
Determination
5. I.19
A Trump Presidency will turn the economy around and restore the great
American tradition of giving each new generation
hope for
brighter opportunities
than those
of the
generation that came before. High
Determination
6. I.20
When my father says that he will build a tower, keep an eye on the skyline.
Mid Intention
7. I.22
When my father says that he will make America great again, he will deliver.
Mid Intention
8. I.24
As president, my father will take on the bold and worthy fights.
High Determination
9. I.27
He will fight for you all the time, all the way, every time.
High Determination
10. I.30
Only my father will say, I will fight for you.
High Determination
11. I.31
My father will call upon the best and brightest people from all spheres of
industry and both side of the aisle. High
Determination In 1, modal which is used is will. This modal is included in high level of
inclination which reflects determination. This modal is followed by the verb change. This modal is used to explain the subject my father which refers to
Donald Trump. Melania Trump, through this utterance, means that Donald Trump
