semester, which means the play performance was conducted in 2015. There were 64 students as the respondents of the research.
Spradley 2008 in Basrowi explains that research subjects are the people who become the information resources. In this research, the research subject would
be some of the students of English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta batch 2012 who has taken Play Performance course in sixth
semester. There were 5 persons as the respondent. The researcher chose 5 students because 5 students could represent the whole population.
In conducting research, related to collaborative learning process, selecting sample is very important, because when the sample is right, the researcher can get
the valid data. In order to collect the sample, the researcher used simple random sampling. According to Kerlinger 2006, simple random sampling is a method
where the researcher chooses people randomly based on the whole population, and every individual has the same chance to be chosen as the sample. Margono 2004
also states that simple random sampling is a technique to get sample directly from the unit sampling. It is possible if the members are homogeny. This technique is
very good to be conducted if the population is not too big.
D. Research Instruments
There were two instruments that were used by the researcher to get the data. Those were interview and questionaire The researcher used them because both of
them can support each other in completing the data. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
1. Questionnaire
According to Walgito 2010, questionnaire is a list of questions or statements that are distributed and to be answered by particular people. In making
questions or statements for questionnaire, the researcher should ensure that it is “valid, reliable and unambiguous” Richards Schmidt, 2002. It can be said that
questionnaire is a list of formal, valid, and reliable questions or statements that are spread to gain information from the respondents.
The researcher uses google form in gathering the data. The researcher created the questionnaire in the google form and then, the researcher distributed the
link to some chatting groups. There are about 3 main goals of using questionnaire as the data instrument
as stated by Malholtra 2005. First, to gather the information needed into a set of specific questions that respondents are willing and capable to answer. Second, the
questionnaire must be able to facilitate the respondents to be actively participating, and cooperative. Third, the questionnaire must be able to minimize wrong answer.
The researcher used Likert scale in making the questionnaire. Sugiono 2010 states that likert scale is used to measure the attitude, opinion, and someone
’s perception, or a group of people related to social phenomena.
2. Interview
Esterberg 2002 in Sugiyono states that interview is an interaction between two people to get information and ideas through questioning and answering, in
order to construct meaning related to certain topic. In this research, the researcher PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
uses open-ended question technique. Open-ended question technique is an interview where the answer is not directly pointing to certain answers, but the
interviewee gives explanation to the answer. Commonly, using this technique will get more detailed result.
In conducting the interview, the researcher made an appointment with the chosen respondents. The interview highlighted on how the students obtain their
experience during the group dynamic in Play Performance. The questions of the interview can be seen on the appendix A.
In conducting the interview, the researcher used tape recorder smartphone for recording the interview process. It was used to avoid missed information and
get the more accurate data.
E. Technique of Data Analysis
In conducting the research, the researcher puts himself as neutral party, so the data analysis would not incline to one side. As mentioned previously, this
research is explanatory sequential design, where on the first step, the researcher uses quantitative approach to analyze the data, then on the second stage, the
researcher uses qualitative approach. In analyzing the data, the researcher calculated the collaborative learning
elements in general and make them into percentages. After that, the researcher went deeper by calculating each element based on the statements of the questionnaire. In
processing the data, the researcher used the formula below. X N x 100
