8 3.
For readers This research will give insights to the readers when they happen to find
sentences containing presupposition. By reading this research, the readers will be able to identify what types of presuppositions and what kinds of presuppositional
triggers of a presupposition they found. Besides, this research can be useful for the readers if they would like to study presupposition as well.
F. Definition of Terms
In this part, the researcher would like to give the definition of terms used in this study. Since the researcher focuses on pragmatics presuppositions which
belong to the linguistics field, in the definition of term, the researcher gives definition of language, pragmatics presuppositions, presupposition triggers and
countries’ slogans and taglines.
1. Language
Since the researcher would like to discuss pragmatics presuppositions, the researcher deals with language used in people
’s daily lives. People deal with language in their existence. People communicate, share idea, even act with
language. Language is defined as a finite system of elements and principles that make it possible for speakers to construct sentences to do particular
communicative jobs Finegan and Besnier, 1989. Thus, language has an important role in
people’s lives.
9 2.
Pragmatic Presupposition In this study, the researcher deals with presuppositions, especially the
pragmatic presuppositions. Presupposition is a background belief of something, meaning that people believe that something does exist. Presuppositions appear
exceedingly often in the sentences uttered every day. A presupposition is an underlying assumption that must be satisfied in order for an utterance to make
sense or for it to be debatable Mihalicek Wilson, 2011. As stated before, there are two major kinds of presuppositions namely semantic presuppositions and
pragmatic presuppositions. The semantic presupposition s’ distinction is drawn
between presuppositions and entailment, while the focus in this research is the pragmatic presuppositions which the distinction is drawn between presuppositions
and assertion Leech, 1974, p. 287.
3. Presupposition Triggers
In order for the researcher to investigate the categorization of presuppositions discovered in
countries’ and states’ slogans into their types, the researcher tried to search for the presupposition triggers of those slogans.
Levinson 1983 says that to be able to know the types of presupposition and what it presupposes, it is needed to construct a list of known presupposition triggers p.
181. Presupposition triggers are words or phrases whose use in a sentence often indicates the presence of a presupposition Glanzberg, 2003. The researcher
would like to find out the presupposition triggers of each presupposition to reveal what it presupposes and also to encourage the researcher to categorize the
presupposition into its type.
10 4.
Countries’ and States’ Slogans Countries’ and states’ slogans are kinds of motto of such countries to show
people in the world that they exist. Slogan is a standard company statement or tagline for advertisements, salespeople, and company employees Bovee Arens,
1982, p. 274. As stated by Shimp 2010, efficient and successful slogans can persuade the consumers with a memory tag for differentiating one brand from
another. Countries’ and states’ slogans can be interpreted in a phrase or sentence.
Generally, countries’ and states’ slogans or taglines represent the identity of such
countries. The purpose of those countries and states slogans is to attract people’s
attention to come to the country. Mostly, countries in this world apply unique words to construct their slogans or taglines to make people or public curious to
come to visit the country.
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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
