Functional Structure a Analysis

15 relationship with Luke O’Maley. Transformation, the first is qualifying test. Luke asks her to tell their relationship to her parents. The second is main test. Lata does not have a braveness to be honest with her parents. Then, Luke breaks off their relationship. The third is qualifying test. Lata apologizes to Luke because she does not able to keep their love, it caused of Supriya’s comment which realizes her to do that. The Ending Situation: Luke perceives her by words that imply the meaning of hope or regret in their next relationship. b Bangles 1 The Functional Structure 1 The schema of actant 1 and 2 are related to develop story and make the functional structure, as follow: The Beginning Situation: Arundahti who is sixty years old lives in America with her son family after her husband died. Transformation, the first is the qualifying test. Venu and Kamlesh, his wife, requests Arundhati to take care of Rahul. The second is the main test. Arundhati cannot speak English well. Tara and Rina, her granddaughter, help her. The third is glorifying test . Rahul begins cries when he asking the juice to her. After that, Tara who wants buy it forbiden by Arundhati, and then Venu and Kamlesh go home. The Ending Situation: Tara apologizes to Arundhati and Arundhati apologize to Tara too because she does not know everything in the Lexingthon. 2 The Functional Structure 2 The schema of actant 3, 4 and 5 are related and form the functional structure, as follow: The Beginning Situation: Arundhati with Venu’s family go 16 to The Sri Laksmi Temple at Asland to do a puja for Arundhati’s husband who had died. Unfortunately, the Brahmin cannot do a puja today and he asks her to come back tomorrow but Venu will not want to accompany her tomorrow. After that, Rukmini offers her to go the temple together every Saturday. Arundhati accepts her offering. Transformation, the first is the qualifying test. Arundhati sees Rahul who acts disrespectful to the goddess. Immediately, Arundhati catches and pulls him toward Venu. Kamlesh blames Arundhati’s act, on the contrary Venu assists Arundhati’s act and he forbids Kamlesh to blame. The second is the main test. One day, Rahul makes Arundhati becoming shy in the front of Rukmini and Venu’s friend. This situation makes Arundhati deciding go back to India. The third is glorifying test. Venu refuses her request. Then, she requests to Rukmini selling her bangles. The Ending Situation: Rukmini wraps Arundhati’s bangles and put them inside her purse. c Devadasi 1 The Functional Structure 1 The schema of actant 1, 2 and 3 are related to form the development of story and make the functional structure, as follow: The Beginning Situation: Uma refuses her father’s asking to go to India. Then, she makes a deal with her parents to exchange her trips with the dancing lesson in India. Transformation, the first is qualifying tets . After a few days living in India, her mother asks her argument about India. The second is main test. She goes to learn a dance in Guru-ji home accompanied by Hafeez. The third is glorifying test. Uma remembers how to dance Allaripu in Guru- ji’s home. The Ending situation: When she dances, for the 17 first time since arriving in India, she feels free. And then Guru-ji praises her dancing. 2 Functional Structure 2 The schema of actant 4 and 5 are related to form the functional structure, as follow: The Beginning Situation: In causin father’s wedding ceremony, Uma talks together with Hafeez as if they are equals. Transformation, the first is the qualifying test. Her parents become angry when they see Uma’s attitude. In the next morning, she decides learning her last dance at Guru- ji’s home. The second is main test. Hafeez advices her to cancel her wishing because in the Old City where Guru-ji and her husband live ther e are Muslim and Hindu’s riot but Uma ignores him. The third is glorifying test. On the way to Guru- ji’s home, there are the gangs of men who are Muslim gather their car. Hafeez immediately asks her to remove her bindi. The Ending Situation: Uma confuse about her identity and where place herself in her home or in the world. So she faces identity crisis in herself.

3. The Relationship Between Actans and Functional Structure a The Validity of Love

1 Actans The main of actantial schema in the story of The Validity of Love can be described as follows: Obligation Love Lata Supriya Lata Parents and Indian custom 18

2 Functional Structure

The Beginning Situation: Supriya decides to get married with Sameer and Lata does not agree with Supriya’s decision. Transformation, the first is qualifying test . Supriya wants to repair her attitudes in the past time when she cannot keep her love with Luke and she also want to apologize to Supriya. The second is main test. Lata is afraid to tell about Luke to her parents because her parents want to marry her with Indian. The third is glorifying test. Supriya’s comments makes Lata realized that she must brave to face all her problem in order that she can get her object . A month after Supriya’s engagement ceremony, Lata meets unconsciously with Luke in the grocery store. The Ending situation: Lata says sorry to Luke. b Bangles 1 Actants The main schema of actant in Bangles story, can described as follows: Venu and Kamlesh Rahul and Kamlesh Take care of grandchildren Go back to India Arundhati Venu Rukmini Arundhati Rahul and Kamlesh Venu 2 Functional Structures The Beginning story: Arundhati lives with his son’s family in Lexington after she has been a widow. Transformation, the first is the qualifying test. Venu and Kamlesh’s request Arundhati to take care of Rahul. At the first time, she helped by Venu’s family member to take care of Rahul. But after that, Rahul