J: Do you know the song of iKON? The tittle is
Wait for Me.
K: Yes, of course I know. J: Please tell me the lyric of the song before this part.
gidaryeo jigeum neoegero gal tenikka, eodie itgeon gal tenikka.
K: Ah, that part.
Oh neowa na gateun haneul arae isseodo mannal sun eobtjiman nareul mideojwo
I’ll be there for you.
The poetic function of the conversation occurs two times here. The first one is when J sang the song in order to ask K about the part before that part. The second
one is when K sang the lyric before the part that J asked before.
B. Theoretical Framework
This section briefly describes the summarized and synthesized theories which are used to answer the research questions. As this research has two research
questions, which are related to the types of code switching and the speech functions of code switching, there are also two theories which are used. The first
research question will be analyzed by using Poplack’s theory. The second question wi
ll be analyzed by using Appel and Muysken’s theory. The researcher used a theory which is proposed by Poplack in 1980 to
answer the first research question. According to Poplack 1980, there are three types of code switching. The first one is called as tag switching; the second one is
inter-sentential code switching; and the last one is intra-sentential code switching.
1. Tag switching is code switching which includes the use of a tag, for example
I mean, yeah, you see, anyway,
etc.
2. Intra-setential switching is code switching which is usually in the form of a
word or a phrase within a single sentence. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
3. Inter-sentential switching is code switching which happens between
sentences and is usually in the form of a clause or a sentence.
In analyzing the speech functions of code switching, the researcher used a theory from Appel and Muysken 1987. According to Appel and Muysken
1987, there are six speech functions of code switching. They are referential, directive, expressive, phatic, metalinguistic, and poetic functions.
1. The referential function is oftenly mistaken by people as the result of
lacking in mastering and understanding languages.
2. The directive function is aimed to include or exclude a person from the part
of conversation or discussion.
3. The expressive function is used to express the speakers feeling, whether it is
joy, sadness, anger, excitement, etc.
4. The phatic function is used when the speakers want to stress or emphasize
some words which are considered as important things.
5. The metalinguistic function is used when someone wants to show off his or
her linguistic skills in order to impress other people.
6. The phatic function is used to quote or tell stories, songs, jokes, which are
originaly in foreign language. It is usually used as entertainment purposes. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
26
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter provides the methodology used by the researcher in conducting this research. There are four sections in this chapter. The first section
is research method, which describes the method used in this research. The second section is source of data, in which it provides the source used in gathering the data
of the research. The third section provides the instruments and data gathering techniques. The last section describes the technique used in analyzing the data.
A. Research Method
In this research, the researcher used qualitative research. According to Hancock 2002, p. 6, “qualitative research is concerned with developing
explanations of social phenomenon”. In addition, Taylor and Bogdan 2000 state that qualitative research aims to present rich descriptions of phenomena. Besides,
qualitative research also “aims to help us to understand the social world in which we live and why things are the way they are” Hancock, Ockleford, and
Windridge; 2009, p. 6. Mayring in 2014 also adds that qualitative research is an open, explorative, descriptive, and interpretive conception. As addition, Grix
2004 states that qualitative research usually involves in-depth investigation of knowledge, such as archival or other documentary analysis. As the explanations
