B. Approach of the Study
In this research, the writer will apply psychoanalytic approach. This research focuses on the influence of the absence of father on Ronnie‟s behavior.
“Psychoanalytic criticism is a form of literary criticism which uses some of the techniques of psychoanalysis in the interpreta
tion of literature” Barry, 2002:69. The influence of the absence of father on Ronnie‟s behavior can be revealed by
this approach. There is theory of repression which can help to understand why Ronnie‟s
characteristics after her parent‟s divorce can be different from her behavior before the divorce. From this theory, the writer knows how bad experience of someone
can affect their behavior.
C. Method of the Study
The writer of this research used library research. The definition of library research is the source that is used in this research is taken from printed materials,
such as books or journal in the internet. The primary source of this research is a novel from Nicholas Sparks, The Last Song.
The secondary sources are literature theories. Among others are An Introduction to Fiction
by X J Kennedy and Dana Gioia, Reading and Writing about Literature
by Mary Rohrberger and Samuel H. Woods, Psychology of Learning and Behavior
by Barry Schwartz, Understanding Unseens by M J Murphy, Family in Transition: Rethinking Marriage, Sexuality, Children Rearing
and Family Organization by Arlene Skolnick and Jerome H. Skolnick,
Adolescence, A Developmental Transition, When Divorce Happens and many
more. There are some steps to analyze this novel. The first step, the writer read the
whole story of the novel. Then, the writer read again the novel to go deeper in understanding the story of the novel. The second step, the writer tried to find the
most appropriate approach to this research. The writer chose psychoanalytic approach because this research discusses about human‟s behavior. The third step,
the writer tried to find several studies that are related to this research. In addition, the writer tried to find some theories. In this research, the writer used six theories.
The writer used theory of character and characterization, theory of behavior, theory of parent‟s role in child development, theory of adolescence and theory of
repression in psychoanalytic. The last step to write this research was the writer collected the data. The data is consisted many data from novel, related studies,
related theories, and the approach. By using all the data, the writer could analyze the novel and made conclusion of the research.
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CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS
In this part, the whole discussion in this research will be presented; the analysis is to discuss the theory and the evidence in the novel The Last Song to
answer two questions in the problem formulation. In the first part of the analysis, the writer will explain characteristics of Ronnie and Steve as the answer of the
first problem formulation. Therefore, the writer need the theory of character and chara
cterization to explain about how Ronnie‟s characteristic when there is her father‟s figure and when her father‟s figure loses. The writer also needs that
theory to explain Steve‟s characteristics. In the second part of the analysis, the writer will answer the second problem formulation. The writer will reveal the
influence of the absence of father figure on Ronnie‟s negative behavior. To answer this question in the problem formulation, the writer will use
psychoanalytic approach and many other theories that have been provided in the previous chapter.
A. Analysis of the characteristics of Ronnie and Steve
In this part, the writer will explain characteristics of Ronnie and Steve.
1. The Characteristics of Ronnie
Ronnie is a seventeen years old girl. First, she lived happily with her family before the divorce happened. After the divorce, Ronnie loses her father figure
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