2 c. 3 4 The following sentence can be inserted into the passage:

Chapter 5 Writing C ollege success depends on your ability to express your- self clearly and accurately in written English. At the university level, you will receive numerous writing assign- ments—term papers, essay exams, lab reports—and you will need to show you can organize and develop your thoughts through writ- ing. The writing section is a required part of the computer-based TOEFL exam; everyone must complete an essay on the day of the test. The paper-and-pencil version of the TOEFL exam does not include a writing section. The writing test is a separate exam called the Test of Written English TWE, which is offered in the United States five times a year. Both the writing portion of the TOEFL exam and the TWE exam test your ability to generate ideas and support them through details and evidence. They measure how effectively and logically you organize your thoughts, using correct grammar, appropriate word choice, and varied sentence structure and vocabulary. In both 113 114 TOEFL EXAM ESSENTIALS tests, you will be given 30 minutes in which to compose a short essay about four to five paragraphs long about a given topic. The topics are designed to be general so that you do not need any spe- cialized knowledge to respond to them. COMPUTER TEST VS. PAPER TEST The writing section of the computer-based TOEFL exam differs from the paper-based TWE exam. Although the types of writ- ing prompts are the same, the TWE exam is offered separately from the paper-based TOEFL exam and at limited times, whereas the computer-based test requires that you write an essay on the same day as the rest of the TOEFL exam. Both tests give you 30 minutes to respond to one pre-selected topic. The following chart compares the two tests: Paper-and-Pencil: Computer Test: Test of Written English Writing TWE Mandatory part of the Separate test not part of computer test. the paper-and-pencil TOEFL exam. Offered whenever the Offered only five times a computer test is given. year. If you need to take the TWE exam, select a TOEFL exam date when the TWE exam is also offered. There is no additional cost. WRITING 115 TYPES OF WRITING PROMPTS The computer test and the TWE exam use the same type of writ- ing prompt—a general topic and a question about that topic. Most prompts present a statement, situation, or scenario and ask you to take a position and explain it. They can be broken down into three parts:

1. a statement or situation to consider 2. a question

3. directions

Note the three parts in this example: Essay topic randomly All test-takers respond to selected by computer. same essay topic. Other test-takers may have different topics. Essay topics posted on No published list of TWE www.toefl.org. exam essay topics. You may handwrite your You must handwrite your essay or type it on the essay. computer. Your writing score is com- Your TWE exam essay score bined with your score on is reported separately from the structure section. It your TOEFL exam score. counts as 50 percent of your total structurewriting score.