He doesn’t have time to help Sam today. c. He will help Sam, if Sam does his homework for him. He is promising to help.

36 TOEFL EXAM ESSENTIALS Question: Choose the map that best represents the areas negatively affected by acid rain. [Click on a map.] Answer: You would choose a map that highlights eastern North America, Europe, Japan, China, and Southeast Asia. ■ Sequence questions. You will put information or events into order so that they form a process. Question: Summarize what happens to acid-rain pollutants by placing the stages in the proper order. [Click on a word. Then click on the space below where it belongs. Use each word only once.] form fine particles carried by wind mix in atmosphere return to ground in rain 1. _____________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________ 3. _____________________________________________ 4. _____________________________________________ Answer: 1. mix in atmosphere; 2. form fine particles; 3. carried by wind; 4. return to ground in rain. ■ Matching questions. You will match up or pair images, words, or phrases. LISTENING 37 Question: An instructor describes the formation and effects of acid rain. Match each term with its definition. [Click on a sentence. Then click on the space where it belongs. Use each sentence only once.] precipitation fossil fuel pollutant something that contaminates the environment condensed vapor that falls to earth as a deposit like rain or snow a fuel formed in the earth from plant or animal remains Answer: precipitation fossil fuel pollutant condensed vapor a fuel formed in something that that falls to earth the earth from contaminates the as a deposit like plant or animal environment rain or snow remains WHAT’S UP WITH IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS You probably won’t see the greeting “What’s up?” in the reading portion of the TOEFL exam, but you might hear it—or another idiom—on the listening test. Idioms are words or phrases used in a particular region. Idiomatic expressions often have unusual grammatical structures or have a meaning that does not make sense when you add up the meanings of each word. Here’s an example of a test question that will ask you to identify the meaning of an idiomatic expression: Woman: The astronomy midterm is tomorrow Man: I know. I’m not ready. It’s going to be an all-nighter