B.
Place and Time
This research was conducted to 8
th
grade of SMPN 166 South Jakarta in which located at Jl. Kedondong No. 5 Jagakarsa South Jakarta on November
2016. This research was done for 6 meetings both in experimental and controlled
class. First meeting is used for pretest. And second, third, four and five meetings were used for treatment. Therefore, the last meeting was used as posttest to both
experimental and controlled class.
C. Population and Sample
The population of this study was students of eighth grade in SMPN 166 Jakarta. The eighth grade was divided into seven classes, a number of each class
was 36 students. They were VIII.1-VIII.7. Purposive sampling was sampling technique used in this research.
Purposive sampling is technique sampling that select sample based on personal judgment of previous knowledge and purpose of research.
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This technique was used because it was appropriate to the research. The information and the data from
teacher was used to choose which classes that have homogeny type. Based on data and judgment from the teacher of two classes were chosen
as sample of this study. They are VIII-4 and VIII-5. Moreover based on pre-test, both classes were homogenous. VIII-5 was chosen as experimental class and VIII
4 as Controlled class. The class of VIII-5 consists of 36 students but there is 1 student who cannot join the research, so there are 35 students in Experimental
class.in addition, the class of VIII-4 consisted of 36 students but there was 1 student who could not join the research, so there were 35 students in controlled
class.
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Ibid., p. 100.
D. Instrument of the Study
The instrument of this research was test. The test was reading test passage. The tests consist of 17 multiple choice items taken from some reading book and 8
matching question items. The score was 1 for each correct item and 0 for incorrect item. The stud
ents‟ total correct answer timed with four in order to get perfect score, a hundred. It was held before treatment and after treatment. In addition the
test should be valid and reliable.
1. Validity
A good instrument in research has to be valid. A test is valid if it measure what should be measure.
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PEARSON analytic through Ms Excel program was used to know validity of the test which consists of 25 multiple choice items and
10 matching task items. Therefore 17 multiple choice items and 8 Matching task items had been valid both of pre-test and Post-test. Each of test items reaches
above 0, 48 based on r Person Correlation table.
2. Reliability
Beside valid, a good instrument in research has to be reliable. A test is reliable if it is consistent and dependable. It means if the test is given to the same
students or matched students on different occasion the result of the test should be similar
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. By using SPSS the pre- test reach Conbrach‟s Alpha 0.89 and the Post-
Test reach Conbrach‟s Alpha 0.92. It meant both of the tests were reliable.
E. Technique of Data Collection
The research technique for collecting data used was pretest and post-test:
1. Pretest
Pretest was given before treatments are conducted. In addition, the purposes of pretest were not only to know the homogeny ability of experimental
class and controlled class but also to know students‟ basic reading comprehension.
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Arthur Hughes, Testing for Language Teachers, New York: Cambridge, 1989, p. 22.
44
H. Douglas Brown, Language Assessment principle and classroom practices, New York: Longman, 2004, p. 20.
