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CHAPTER I I. INTRODUCTION
A. The Background of the Study
A language plays a great part in our life. We need to learn language because of its importance. Therefore, language is used in almost every aspect
of human life, such as communication, politics, economy, education, science and technology.
English is a language of power because it provides the means for social, economic and academic upward mobility. As every body knows, English is
becoming more and more important in the world. Furthermore, it is considered as an international language. English is one of the compulsory
subjects which are taught in all education levels, namely elementary school, junior high school and senior high school, and all department of university.
Hence, the Indonesian government always makes effort to improve the quality of society especially adult generation in order to be to confront in era
globalization era. In this globalization era, due to the rapid development of science and
technology, one is more demanded to be able to communicate with others, either with the development in his own country or that which happens in other
countries, a language is needed. Therefore, a foreign language, especially English is very much needed by people for communication or cooperation
with others because English is an international language. Considering the importance of English in communication among nation,
the widespread need of English as a second or foreign language is spreading extremely rapidly across the world as well as in Indonesia. Many countries
develop English which has economical, political, and social power within their educational programs because they are aware of the value of the knowledge of
English. Much of the growing awareness can be seen by the fact that many countries take education as an appropriate setting for developing English.
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Therefore, the existing needs for more good teaching of English grow day by day.
The Indonesian government via the Ministry of National Education decided to take English subject within Educational programs. English is taken
as the first foreign language in Indonesia and established as an obligatory subject to learn. English teaching is held from primary to tertiary level of
students. In Indonesia, English is learned as the obligatory subject started from primary school. It is intended for helping learners acquiring a language needed
for wider. In fact, there are two types of children, those are: normal and exceptional
children. The normal children usually get education in public school whereas the exceptional children get education in Exceptional School SLB.
In this case, there are two kinds of exceptional children, those are: intellectual physical, emotionally and multi handicaps exceptional. The
intellectual exceptional is related with intellectual development. The iIntellectual development is affected by such factors as inherent capacity, the
emotional climate, whether one has a strong intellectual drive, and whether one has oppurtunies for experiences and learning. Then, the physically
exceptional is related with physical development. It depends partly on hereditary potentials and partly on such environment factors as food, general
health, sunlight, fresh air, climate, emotions and physical exertion, for example: visual impairment, hearing impairment. Emotionally exceptional is
related with personality development, which is influenced by genetic factors as well as by attitudes and social relationship both in the home and outside.
The exceptional children also have the right to get education because in fact they have the same potency with people in common. A constitution about
human right article 54 states that” setiap anak cacat fisik dan atau mental berhak memperoleh perawatan, pendidikan, pelatihan dan bantuan khusus
atas biaya Negara, untuk menjamin kehidupannya sesuai martabat kemanusiaan, ,meningkatkan rasa percaya diri dan kemampuan
berpartisipasi dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara”.
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The impelementation of Exceptional School SLB is based on the Basic Constitutions knows as Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia
1945 pasal 31 ayat 1 and Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No.20, 2003 about National Education System. It is based in Pasal 3” bahwa pendidikan
nasional berfungsi mengembangkan kemampuan dan membentuk watak serta peradapan bangsa yang bermartabat dalam rangka mencerdaskan
kehidupan bangsa, bertujuan untuk berkembangnya potensi peserta didik agar menjadi manusia yang beriman dan bertaqwa kepada Tuhan Yang
Maha Esa, berakhlak mulia, sehat, berilmu, cakap, kreatif, mandiri dan menjadi warganegara yang demokratis serta bertanggung jawab. In Bab IV
pasal 5 ayat 1” bahwa setiap warganegara mempunyai hak yang sama untuk memperoleh pendidikan yang bermutu. Warganegara yang memiliki kelainan
fisik, emosional, intelektual atau sosial berhak memperoleh pendidikan khusus”. Then, pasal 32” pendidikan khusus merupakan pendidikan bagi
peserta didik yang memiliki tingkat kesulitan dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran karena kelainan fisik, emosional, mental,sosial atau memiliki
potensi kecerdasan dan bakat istimewa. This shows that children who have the disorder or have the potential of intelligence and special talent is also
entitled to obtain the same opportunities as other children normal children in education.
So far, education for children who have the disorder or has the potential of intelligence and special talents or special needs children are provided in
three different educational institutions, namely exceptional school SLB, Extraordinary Primary School SDLB and Inclusive Education. The SLB as
special education institutions to accommodate children with special needs with the same type of disorder. Therefore, there are visual impairment, deaf,
tunagrahita,and quadriplegic SLB. The SDLB while accommodating various types of special needs children so that in it there are visual impairment
children, deaf, quadriplegic, tunagrahita. Meanwhile, inclusive education is a normal school that also accommodates children with special needs with
teacher curriculum, a means of the same of teaching and learning activities.
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In Klaten there is a SLB that accommodates special needs of children with visual impairments. There are three grade of education, such as,
Kindergarten, Elementary School and Junior High School. The name is school is SLB- A YAAT. This school is equipped with educational support
facilities, for example; computer rooms, living skills, early detection, library, auditorium and special service units. Moreover, this school has a good image
because of his good English lesson. In order to this school can create an intelligent student in the field of English.
Teaching children with visual impairment is different from teaching children with normal children. The teaching children with visual impairment
is more difficult than teaching “normal” children. Therefore, the researcher is interested in conducting a research about teaching learning process English to
children with visual impairment. The researcher wants to know the teaching learning process of English to children with visual impairment. So, the
researcher choose the title that is “
A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF THE ENGLISH TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS OF CHILDREN WITH
VISUAL IMPAIRMENT IN SECOND GRADE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL AT SLB A YAAT KLATEN IN ACADEMIC YEAR 20092010
”.
From the brief explanation above, it is interesting to describe the teaching learning process of the English. The purposes of this thesis are to look at some issue
and ways in English can be exploited in the classroom.
B. The Identification of the Problem
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