5 Encourages the students to be active participants in discussions
about writing; 6
Builds confidence – the students are all grappling with the same issues;
7 Allows the teacher to give immediate feedback on success and the
opportunity to discuss further areas for improvement.
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c. Purpose of Guided Question
Based on the definition and function of guided questions above, the purposes of using guided questions are:
1 To encourage students in writing by using their own word with the
same instruction each students. 2
To make students easier organize the sentence into a paragraph and the paragraph into a story with the right plot.
3 To build students’ confidents by ask them answer the question.
4 To facilitate the students rewrite the story they already know in the
right feature narrative feature. 5
To ask the students to be active in class by arrange the puzzle of story by asking and arranging the answer
6 The teacher will get the exact result about the ability of the students
by bordering their range with the questions d.
Indicator of Guided Question for Writing There is no exact rule for using guided question in writing text,
especially in writing narrative. Yet, some books had explained clear enough to say that 5W+1H is the key to write the useful information in a passage.
Meanwhile, the generic structure of narrative text can be the indicator in making a series of question, because the generic structure of narrative text is
included the information from the question using 5W+1H. Using wh-question is explored by Raymond. If someone wants to
write about event, the simples question can be used is: “Who?”, “What?”,
18
Primary National Strategy. Improving Writing with a Focus on Guided Writing. Oxford:
Department for children, schools, and Families, 2007
“When?”, “Where?”, “Why?”. These are easily remembered as five Ws. Sometimes, “How?” is added to the list.
19
This statement support by Axelrod when he said in his book that action came from method, the
technique an actor used, it referred to whatever makes thing happen. Each of these points suggests a simple invention question, they are: ‘What Action’,
‘Who Actor’, ‘When and Where Setting’, ‘Why Motive’ and ‘How Method’.
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3. Narrative
a. Definition of Narrative
Sometimes, we could not differ between story and narrative, because these two terms is almost always refer to the same idea, but if we want to
analyze it more, story is wider than narrative. Cambridge dictionary, define narrative as a story or a description of a series of events. It is almost same as
Mattix’s definition of narrative as “the representation of story relates an event or anecdote. The writer often sets the scene first, telling
who or what, when, and where.”
21
Narrative is a story which has a conflict within the event. In a narrative, it could be have one or more event which supports the
plot of the story. The event in narrative usually calls as complication. Narrative is a text that tells a story and in doing so, entertains the audience.
Narrative can be presented as written or spoken text.
22
We always find a narrative from place to place even we do not relies it. Some children usually say to their mother before they sleep to tell them
any story. Some show in television gathering children among an adult role and say, “tell me a story.” That situation requires them to tell a story, and
majority, the story is narrative. Narrative is one of children favorite, but it does not stop the older to enjoy it. This is like what The National Strategy
says,
19
Raymond. Op. cit., p.20-22
20
Cooper. Op.cit., p. 470
21
Betty Mattix Dietsch. Reasoning and Writing Well: A Rhetoric, Research Guide, Reader,
and Handbook, New York: Mc Graw Hill, 2006, p. 86
22
Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson. Text Type in English 3, Canbera: Mac Millan,
1998, p.3
“Narrative is central to children’s learning. They use it as a tool to help them organize their ideas and to explore new ideas and experiences.
Composing stories, whether told or written, involves a set of skills and authorial knowledge but is also an essential means for children to express
themselves creatively and imaginatively.”
23
These definition can be conclude that narrative is a kind of story about particular event, which have particular feature, in written or oral form with
the purpose of amusing the audience. b.
Purpose of Narrative The purpose of narrative is to amuse the reader or listener. This
purpose clearly stated in Text Type in English 3 that the purpose of narrative is providing entertainment, and making the audience think about
the issue, teach them a lesson, or excite their emotion. Barbara Said, “Narrative text is to entertain, to express the feelings, to inform and to
persuade the reader.”
24
These is the simple one, which the entire article, book, and other resource say the same even in different word. Moreover,
considering the various genre of narrative, the purpose may be different depend on the genre itself.
Furthermore, Betty stated that there are two purposes in narrative. First is general purpose, to entertain and establish camaraderie whether the
account is fiction or fact, and specific purpose, is to inform other people and the main idea, fact or event will often stated first.
25
c. Kind of Narrative Story
Kind of narrative is various. It could divide into two big branch, they are fiction and nonfiction. The writer state that because even narrative is a
story which commonly unreal, sometimes, the story is believed real in some faith. More widely than two branch of narrative, it divides to:
26
23
The National Strategies. Support for writing, Fiction. © Crown copyright 2008
24
Barbara Fine, Pattern for Purpose, New York, McGraw Hill, 2003, p. 160
25
Mattix. Op. cit., p. 124
26
Anderson. Op. cit., p. 2-3
1 Legend
Legend is story about parentage of one place or one special event in a particular area. The purpose of legend is to tell someone
about the origin of something and amuse them. The example is the legend of Toba Lake
2 Myth
Myth is genres of narrative which consist of fictional explanation for natural phenomena. Many cultures use myths to
explain the world and its mysteries by handing them down from one generation to the next. Myths can also pass on cultural, religious or
spiritual beliefs and traditions. 3
Fable Fable is story about animal. This story present that animal have
life as human, which in this story consist of moral value and message. The examples of fable are three little pig, the crocodile and deer, and
the lion and the mouse. 4
Adventure Adventure tells us the story about the journey which teaches the
role some special experience. The example is the adventure of Tin Tin 5
Mystery Mystery is one of narrative story which include a horror part and
build curiosity. 6
Science Fiction Science fiction story built its story under the development of
science and technology. It means that in the story we will find some part that tells us about technology; it could be in temporary work or
future.
7 Fantasy
Fantasy story is the story that happened beyond imaginary. It could be about magic and some unusual creature which much of them
do not exist in the real world 8
Historical It is like the term, history is about something happen in the past.
Thus, this story include the past even about something which could be real or not.
9 Dilemma
The story plot is show as about the dilemmas of the role and maybe could influence the audience, and feel like the dilemma is real.
10 Fairy tales
We usually find it in Barbie story. The stories which include a fairy that becomes an important role in the story.
d. Element of Narrative
