Implications Suggestions CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

McNiff, Jean and Whitehead. Jack. 2006. All You Need To Know About Action Research. Great Britain: The Cromwell Press Ltd Nation, I. S. P. 2009. Teaching ESLEFL Reading and Writing. New York: Routledge. Pattel, M.F and Praven, M. Jain. 2008. English Language Teaching: Methods, Tools and Techniques. Jaipur: Sunrise Publisher. Phillips, Deborah. 2001. Longman Complete Course for the TOEFL Test. New York: Pearson Education Company. Richards, J. C. and Renandya, W. A. 2002. Methodology in Language Teaching. USA: Cambridge University Press. Sakolik, Maggie and Nunan, David ed. 2003. Practical English Language Teaching. San Fransisco: The McGrane Hill Companies. Sorenson, Sharon. 2010. Webster’s New World Student Writing Handbook. Canada: Wiley Publishing, Inc. Suharto, G. 2006. Pengukuran dan Penilaian Hasil Belajar Bahasa Inggris. Yogyakarta: P3B UNY Tomlinson. 1999. The Differentiated Classroom: Responding The Needs of All Learners. Alexandria: VA: ASCD Ur, P. 1999. A Course in Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Weigle, Sara Cushing. 2007. Assessing Writing. New York: CUP. Westwood, Peter. 2008. What Teachers Need To Know About Reading And Writing Difficulties. Australia: ACER Press. APPENDICES APPENDIX A: COURSE GRIDS 102 COURSEGRID DESIGN OF ENGLISH ARTICLE WRITERS’ TRAINING Theme Language Skill Indicators Learning Materials Activities Time Allocation Sources and Media Luxury log home Writing a. Use relevant vocabularies. b. Use correct social function, language features and generic structures of short article correctly. c. Use correct grammar including subject-verb agreement, passive voice and parallelism. d. Arrange sentences into paragraph of short article. a. Vocabularies: log home, beach panorama, wood material, wooden furniture. b. Descriptive text: Elegant Luxury Log Home Designs and Plans. c. Generic structures: identification and description. d. Language features: adjective and adverb e. Grammar: subject-verb agreement, passive voice, Pre-activity a. Greeting b. Checking who is present and absent c. Informing the purpose of study Whilst-activity Building Knowledge of Field a. Participants analyze some pictures given by trainer. b. Participants arguegive opinions about the pictures. c. Trainer and participants collect vocabularies related to the pictures. Modelling of Text a. Trainer distributes an example of short article. b. Trainer and participants analyze the text. c. Participants answer some trainer’s questions so that they: are able to find and to decide the generic structure of short article. study more about language features applied in short article. study more about grammar use. 7 x 30 minutes 4 meetings 1. Complete Course for The TOEFL Test 2. Pictures 3. Laptop 4. LCD 103 e. Arrange some paragraphs into a short article. and parallelism. f. Content: examples of sentences and pictures d. Participants find and identify some new vocabularies found in the example of short article. Joint Construction of Text a. Guided by trainer, participants do some tiered activities to understand the concept of language feature used in short article. b. Trainer and participants discuss the activities. c. Guided by trainer, participants write a paragraph. Independent Construction of Text Individually, participants practice to: a. Find an idea and develop it. b. Make a list of some points to write. c. Make a short article applying good generic structures and language features of short article. Closing a. Trainer reviews the material. b. Trainer gives feedback c. Trainer ends the class. 104 COURSEGRID DESIGN OF ENGLISH ARTICLE WRITERS’ TRAINING Theme Language Skill Indicators Learning Materials Activities Time Allocation Sources and Media Home architect ure and design Writing a. Use relevant vocabularies. b. Use the social function, language features and generic structures of short article correctly. c. Use correct grammar including subject-verb agreement and clause. d. Arrange sentences into paragraph of short article. e. Arrange some paragraphs into a short a. Vocabularies: home facade, recycled wood, shutter, airy room, beach view. b. Descriptive text: House Design Architecture with Rustic Texture Applied. c. Generic structures: identification and description. d. Language features: adjective and adverb. e. Grammar: subject-verb Pre-activity a. Greeting b. Checking who is present and absent c. Informing the purpose of study Whilst-activity Building Knowledge of Field a. Participants analyze some pictures given by trainer. b. Participants arguegive opinions about the pictures. c. Trainer and participants collect vocabularies related to the pictures. Modelling of Text a. Trainer distributes an example of short article. b. Trainer and participants analyze the text. c. Participants answer some trainer’s questions so that they: are able to find and to decide the generic structure of short article. study more about language features applied in short article. study more about grammar use. 7x 30 minutes 4 meetings 1. Complete Course for The TOEFL Test 2. Pictures 3. Internet: http:freshome.co m20141031mo dern-greek- house-design- exploring- traditional-and- up-to-date- design 4. Laptop 5. LCD 105 article. agreement and clause. f. Content: examples of sentences, pictures, and http:freshome. com20141031 modern-greek- house-design- exploring- traditional-and- up-to-date- design d. Participants find and identify some new vocabularies found in the example of short article. Joint Construction of Text a. Guided by trainer, participants do the activity to understand the concept of language feature used in short article. b. Trainer and participants discuss the activity. c. Guided by trainer, participants write a paragraph. Independent Construction of Text Individually, participants practice to: a. Find an idea and develop it. b. Make a list of some points to write. c. Make a short article applying good generic structures and language features of short article. Closing a. Trainer reviews the material. b. Trainer gives feedback c. Trainer ends the class. APPENDIX B: LESSON PLANS LESSON PLAN 1

A. THEME

Luxury Log Home

B. LANGUAGE SKILLS

Writing

C. INDICATOR

a. Identify the social function, language features and generic structures of short article. b. Use subject-verb agreement, passive voice and parallelism correctly in a sentence. c. Arrange sentences into paragraph of short article. d. Arrange some paragraphs into a short article.

D. LEARNING MATERIALS

1. Short article Elegant Luxury Log Home Designs and Plans Living in natural environment is what most people currently want, such as living in luxury log home with high tranquility inside. Wooden home with beautiful landscape and forest, mountain and beach panorama is the right place to have peaceful and serene life. The home is designed with dominant wood material giving impressive image and warm atmosphere inside. Luxury Log Home Designs As mentioned before, the concept of log home is to give environmental living to the homeowners and the occupants. The house is built with wood home material and featured with some pieces of wooden furniture inside to give warm living and to offer comfort nuance. The home is also commonly decorated with some plants and garlands to give strong accent of natural sense. With beautiful landscape surrounding the log home, the image of the home is much more beautiful. Then, some large luxury log home ideas are also needed to complete the design. Inspirational Luxury Log Home Plans Home plans and home designs are indeed can’t be separated since they complete each other and work together for a fascinating result. For a luxury log home which is usually in duplex house design, a clear plan for the first and second floors is needed. Besides the need to decide where to manage the rooms and to determine which rooms are for the first floor and which are for the second floor should also be completed. Based on the concept of log home, the design will make the home have strong natural effect with wood material constructing the home, the natural home decorations and the beautiful landscape which can be enjoyed from inside. Completing the design, clear floor plans describing how to manage the rooms. Some images of large luxury log homes tell more about the luxury log home designs and plans are required. Note: Blue : keyword Green : agreement Orange : passive voice Red : parallelism 2. Generic structures a Title is with keyword. b There are four paragraphs. c There are two subheadings. d Keyword occurs seven times in article for title, two subheadings and each paragraph. e Keyword is in each paragraph. For the first paragraph, keyword is in the first sentence while for the fourth paragraph, keyword is in the last sentence. Keyword can be anywhere in second and third paragraph. 3. Language features a Subject verb agreement b Passive voice c Parallelism

E. ACTIVITIES

1. Pre-activity [5’] a. The trainer greets participants. b. The trainer checks who is present and absent. c. The trainer leads a prayer. 2. Whilst-activity [50’ + 30’ last meeting of cycle I] a. Building Knowledge of Field [5’] i. Participants analyze some pictures given by the trainer. ii. Participants arguegive opinions about the pictures. iii. The trainer and participants collect vocabularies related to the pictures. b. Modelling of Text [15’] i. The trainer distributes an example of short article. ii. The trainer and participants analyze the text. iii. The trainer gives explanation to participants so that they: are able to find and to decide the generic structure of short article. study more about language features applied in short article. study more about grammar use. iv. Participants find and identify some new vocabularies found in the example of short article. c. Joint Construction of Text [30’] i. Guided by the trainer, participants do the activity to understand the concept of language feature used in short article. ii. The trainer and participants discuss the activity. iii. Guided by the trainer, participants write a paragraph based on the picture. d. Independent Construction of Text [30’-last meeting of cycle I] Individually,participants practice to: i. find an idea and develop it. ii. make a list of some points to write. iii. make a short articleapplying good generic structures and language features of short article. 3. Closing [5’] a. The trainer gives feedback. b. The trainer reviews the material. c. The trainer ends the class.

F. TIME ALLOCATION

7 x 30 minutes

G. SOURCES AND MEDIA

1. Complete Course for The TOEFL Test 2. Pictures 3. Laptop 4. LCD

H. EVALUATION

Writing rubric Aspect of Writing Level Score Criteria Organization Excellent to Very Good 18-20 - The text structure is well organized Good to Average 15-17 - Loosely organization of the text but main ideas stand out Fair to Poor 12-14 - Confusing ideas or disconnected Very Poor 9-11 - No organization Content Excellent to Very 23-25 - Relevant to assigned topic and give detail information Good - Matches the social purpose of the text Good to Average 20-22 - Mostly relevant to topic but lacks of detail information - Matches the social purposes of the text but lacks of detail Fair to Poor 17-19 - Inadequate development of topic - Almost matches the social purpose of the text Very Poor 14-16 - Not related to the topic - Does not match the social purpose of the text Language Use Excellent to Very Good 23-25 - Few errors of agreement, tense, word order, articles, pronoun, and preposition Good to Average 20-22 - Several errors of agreement, tense, word order, articles, pronoun, and preposition - Meaning seldom obscured Fair to Poor 17-19 - Frequent errors of agreement, tense, word order, articles, pronoun, and preposition - Meaning obscured Very Poor 14-16 - Dominated by errors of agreement, tense, word order, articles, pronoun, and preposition - Does not communicate or not enough to evaluate Vocabulary Excellent to Very Good 18-20 - Uses effective words - Word form mastery Good to Average 15-17 - Occasional errors of word form, choice, or usage but meaning not obscured Fair to Poor 12-14 - Frequent errors of word form, choice, or usage and meaning not obscured Very Poor 9-11 - Little knowledge of English vocabulary and word form, choice or usage Mechanics Excellent to Very Good 9-10 - Demonstrates mastery of convention - Few errors of spelling, punctuations, capitalizations, and paragraphing Good to Average 7-8 - Occasional errors of spelling, punctuations, capitalizations, and paragraphing