conducting some interviews with the participants and editors related to the positive effects of this study.
5.
The dialogic validity is the process of peer review that is commonly used in the academic research. This validity was completed by discussing the research
finding with collaborator. To obtain the trustworthiness, the triangulation technique proposed by
Burns 1999: 164 was implemented. There were two forms of triangulation used in this research:
1. Time triangulation
Time triangulation is about the period of time needed in collecting the data. In this study, the data were collected from 17
th
November 2014 to 1
st
December 2014. During that period of time, constant data about the implementation of tiered activities to improve the writing skills were presented.
2. Investigator triangulation
There were two observers involved in this study. They were the researcher himself and an editor as collaborator. It was aimed at avoiding bias observations
to have clear data for the data they collected were compared.
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter presents the process of the study conducted in Cycle I and Cycle II. Each cycle consisted of planning, actions and observations, and
reflection. This chapter also presents the results of the study in quantitative data gathered during the research to support the qualitative data. The details of the
process are presented as follows.
A. Reconnaissance
1. Identification of the Problems
In identifying the problems, there were some actions done by the researcher. The first action was by doing some interviews with editors and
participants. The interviews were conducted on 7
th
of November 2014. From the interviews with editors, some problems related to both participants and editors
were found. Related to the participants, the editor said that grammar mistakes were frequently found. This problem was because some of the participants did not
have good writing skill, especially in using grammatical systems. Besides, some participants did not check their articles before submitting them.
R “Yang pertama, apakah menurut Mbake tulisan writer-writer itu
cukup memuaskan?”
First, do you think that their writings are good enough? ED3
“Ya ada yang bagus, ada yang cukup bikin kesel Mas. Kadang ada yang hampir tidak ada kesalahan, tapi kadang ada juga yang terlalu
banyak salahnya.”
“Some writers did well, but some others had some terrible
articles. Some writers wrote with almost no mistakes, but some others had a lot of mistakes”
R “Biasanya, permasalahan apa aja yang kamu temui di hasil tulisan
mereka Mbak?”
“What kind of mistakes that you used to find?” ED3
“Sebagian besar sih di grammar Mas. Ada yang memang belum paham, ada juga yang sebenarnya sudah paham tapi malas cek ulang
sebelum dikirim ke editor.”
“I used to find some grammar mistakes. Some of the writers did not understand about grammar use and some others actually
understood but they were lazy editing their articles before being
sent”
R “Biasanya kesalahan grammarnya dimana Mbak?”
“What kind of grammar mistakes that you commonly find?”
ED3 “Emmm.. Apa aja ya? Yang biasanya editor sering temui itu adalah
permasalahan yang cukup simple seperti subject-verb agreement Mas. Biasanya kalau subjectnya berupa frasa atau klausa, verbnya gak
sesuai. Terus, tentang passive voice. Ada beberapa penulis yang masih salah dalam menuliskan kalimat pasif. Sama parallelism. Makanya
kita menyarankan mereka untuk menulis kalimat-kalimat sederhana, daripada
salah.”
“Emmm.. Editor commonly find some simple mistakes such as one related to subject-verb agreement. It is found when writers
write a noun phrase or noun clause for the subject and the verb does not meet the subject. Some writers still make some mistakes
in delivering passive meaning. And the last is about parallelism. That is why editors suggest the writers to write simple sentences to
avoid more mistakes.” Interview Transcript 1
Related to the editors, the first problem was about how they checked articles. They used a simple assessment rubric and only checked the content, the
use of grammar, and the technical writing of the articles. In this case, the term “technical writing” coped with the rule of PLUSWRITER Company for the
writers in selecting certain keyword and to write down the keyword in the article. The following interview transcript can give more evidence.
