T
1
= Pre-test T
2
= Post-test X
= treatment by using Fan-N-Pick Technique O
= treatment by using translation Technique.
2
In this research, the students were given pre-test to know their basic skill in vocabulary mastery. The result of the pre-test were used to indicate students’
vocabulary to measure their previous ability before treatment X. At the end of the research, students were given post-test in order to know their achievement after the
treatment using Fan-N-Pick technique.
B. Variable of The Research
A variable is a characteristic or attribute of an individual or an organization that a researcher can measure or observe and varies among individuals or organization
studied.
3
There are two variables in research namely: independet variable and dependent variable. Independent variable is the major variable which is investigated.
It is the variable that is selected, manipulated and measured in the research. While the dependent variable is the variable which is observed and measured to determine the
effect of the independent variable.
In this research, there are two variables namely: 1. The independent variable of the research is the use of Fan-N-Pick technique X
2. The dependent variable of the research is the students’ vocabulary mastery Y
2
Bambang Setiyadi, Metode Penelitian untuk Pengajaran Bahasa Asing Pendekatan Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif, GrahaIlmu: Yogyakarta, 2006, p.142
3
Ibid. p.112.
C. Operational Definition of Variable
The operational definition of variable is the characteristic of variable used investigation the research. The operational definition of variables in this research,
there are:
1. Independent Variable X
Fan-N-Pick is new technique in cooperative learning and this is one of the technique that helps engage all students in the learning process. In Fan-N-Pick, the teacher can
make all of students work together in small group and share with their friend, but each student have the responsibility to play a role such as, some students who is
fanning the cards give it to another students, then the students read it to the next students and then the next students answer the questions
2. Dependent Variable Y
Vocabulary mastery is the students’ ability to use or to understand the properties of words in English including noun, consist of single word, compound word and
complex word by themes animal, place and bulding, and occupation.
D. Population, Sample and Sampling Technique 1. Population
A population is a group of individuals who have the same characteristic.
4
The populations of the research is all the eighth grade students at MTs Al-Hidayah
Srikuncoro at the first semester in the academic year of 20152016. The total number
4
Ibid. p.142.
