C. Operational Definition of Variable
The operational definition of variable is the characteristic of variable used investigation the research. The operational definition of variables in this research,
there are:
1. Independent Variable X
Fan-N-Pick is new technique in cooperative learning and this is one of the technique that helps engage all students in the learning process. In Fan-N-Pick, the teacher can
make all of students work together in small group and share with their friend, but each student have the responsibility to play a role such as, some students who is
fanning the cards give it to another students, then the students read it to the next students and then the next students answer the questions
2. Dependent Variable Y
Vocabulary mastery is the students’ ability to use or to understand the properties of words in English including noun, consist of single word, compound word and
complex word by themes animal, place and bulding, and occupation.
D. Population, Sample and Sampling Technique 1. Population
A population is a group of individuals who have the same characteristic.
4
The populations of the research is all the eighth grade students at MTs Al-Hidayah
Srikuncoro at the first semester in the academic year of 20152016. The total number
4
Ibid. p.142.
of all the students is 120 students that consisted of 4 classes. Based on the statement above, all the clases is the population in this research. The total number of the
students at the eighth grade of MTs Al-Hidayah Srikuncoro in the academic year of 20152016 can be seen from the table below:
Table 2 The Population at the Eighth Grade of MTs Al- Hidayah Srikuncoro Semaka
Tanggamus 2015 2016 academic year No
Class Gender
Number Male
Female 1
VIIIA 9
21 30
2 VIIIB
9 21
30
3
VIIIC 6
24 30
4 VIIID
10 20
30
The total number of students
34 86
120
Source : English teacher at MTs Al- Hidayah Srikuncoro Semaka Tanggamus.
2. Research
Sample is a subgroup of the target population that the researcher plans to study for generalizing about the target populations.
5
It can be elaborated that sample is a group of individuals as a part of population which is chosen as representative data of the
whole population. From the population above, the researcher took one class as experimental class and the other class as control class.
5
Ibid. p. 142.
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