The Data Description The Hypothesis of the Research

S tudents Control Class S tudents Experiment Class Pre-Test Score Post-Test Score Gained Score Pre-Test Score Post-Test Score Gained Score 6 40 56 16 6 52 76 24 7 44 64 20 7 48 56 8 8 24 36 12 8 28 40 12 9 60 68 8 9 52 64 12 10 44 52 8 10 48 56 8 11 36 44 8 11 56 72 16 12 48 68 20 12 36 64 28 13 48 56 8 13 56 72 16 14 28 40 12 14 36 56 20 15 44 52 8 15 28 60 32 16 48 64 16 16 48 76 28 17 48 64 16 17 40 56 16 18 28 40 12 18 32 52 20 19 44 56 12 19 44 56 12 20 44 48 4 20 52 72 20 21 44 60 16 21 32 60 28 22 48 60 12 22 48 72 24 23 36 48 12 23 32 44 12 24 52 72 20 24 44 60 16 25 32 48 16 25 40 52 12 Σ 1044 1336 292 Σ 1100 1548 448 X 1044 25 . 1336 25 . 292 25 . X 1100 25 1548 25 . 448 25 . Based on the description of data in both control class and experiment class above, it can be concluded that the result of pre-test in control class; the lowest score is 24 and the highest score is 60. Meanwhile, the result of post- test in control class; the lowest score is 28, and the highest score is 72. On the other hand, the result of pre-test in experiment class; the lowest score is 28 and the highest score is 56. Meanwhile, the result of post-test in experiment class; the lowest score is 40 and the highest score is 72. Therefore it can be summarized that the lowest score and the highest score in the post-test is higher than in the pre-test of both control class and experiment class. The writer gave pre-test first to the students before doing a treatment for both control class and experiment class. And then he got the result that the average score of pre-test in both control class and experiment class were 41.76 and 44. After that, the writer did the treatment with teaching degree of comparison without using picture in control class and by using picture in experiment class for three meetings. And then he got the result that the average score of post-test in both control class and experiment class were 53.44 and 61.92. It means that there was a significance difference of students’ achievement in pre-test and post-test after the writer conducted the treatment with teaching degree of comparison without using picture in control class and by using picture in experiment class. Chart 4.1 The Graphic of Pre-test, Post-test, and Gained Score of Classes 41.76 44 53.44 61.92 11.68 17.92 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Control Class Experiment Class Pre-Test Post-Test Gained Score Table 4.2 The Gained Score Interval in Control Class No Gained Score Interval Frequency f 1 1-5 3 2 6-10 7 3 11-15 7 4 16-20 8 Total 25 The table 4.2 above describes that the highest frequency is no. 4, where there are eight students who have gained score in interval 16 – 20. On the other hand, the lowest frequency is no. 1, where there are only three students who have gained score in interval 1-5. Meanwhile, the frequency no. 2 and no. 3 are in the same rank, where there are seven students who had gained score in interval 11-15 and in interval 16-20. Chart 4.2 The Graphic Frequency of Gained Score in Control Class 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1-5 6-10 11-15 16-20 Frequency f Score Interval Table 4.3 The Gained Score Interval in Experiment Class No Gained Score Interval Frequency f 1 6-10 3 2 11-15 6 3 16-20 9 4 21-25 2 5 26-30 4 6 35-40 1 Total 25 The table 4.3 above describes that the highest frequency is no. 3, where there are nine students who have gained score in interval 16-20. On the other hand, the lowest frequency is no. 6, where there is only one student who has gained score in interval 35-40. Meanwhile, there are three students who have gained score in interval 6-10, six students who have gained score in interval 11-15, two students who have gained score in interval 21-25, and four students who have gained score in interval 26-30. Chart 4.3 The Graphic Frequency of Gained Score in Experiment Class 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 6-10 11-15 16-20 21-25 26-30 35-40 Frequency f Score Interval

2. The Data Analysis

In analyzing the data, the writer uses the comparative technique. He compares the gain score of both experimental class and controlled class. This technique is useful to prove statically whether there is any effectiveness of the two variables, in this case, between using pictures and without using pictures in teaching degree of comparison. The writer calculated them based on the steps of the t – test formula, as following below: 1. Determining Mean of Variable X, the formula is: M 1 = X N 1 = 448 25 = . 2. Determining Mean of Variable Y, the formula is: M 2 = Y N 2 = 292 25 = . 3. Determining Standard of Deviation Score of Variable X, the formula is: SD 1 = X 2 N 1 = 17.92 2 25 = 321.12 25 SD 1 = 12.84 = . 4. Determining Standard of Deviation Score of Variable Y, the formula is: SD 2 = X 2 N 2 = 11.68 2 25 = 136.42 25 = 5.45 = . SD 2 = 5.45 = . 5. Determining Standard Error of Mean of Variable X, the formula is: SE M 1 = SD 1 N 2 − 1 = 3.58 25 − 1 = 3.58 24 = 3.58 4.89 = . 6. Determining Standard Error of Mean of Variable Y, the formula is: SE M 2 = SD 2 N 2 − 1 = 2.33 25 − 1 = 2.33 24 = 2.33 4.89 = . 7. Determining Standard Error of Difference of Mean of Variable X and Variable y, with formula: SE M 1 −M 2 = SE M 1 2 + SE M 2 2 SE M 1 −M 2 = 0.73 2 + 0.47 2 SE M 1 −M 2 = 0.5329 + 0.2916 SE M 1 −M 2 = 0.8245 �� � −� = . 8. Determining t with formula: t = M 1 −M 2 SE M1 −M2 t = 17.92 − 11.68 0.908 t = 6.24 0.908 � = . 9. Determining degree of freedom df, with formula: df = N 1 + N 2 − 2 df = 25 + 25 − 2 df = 50 − 2 �� = df = 48 see the table of “t” values at the significance level of 5 = 2.011. The value of df 48 at the degrees of significance 5 or t table is 2.011