E. The Technique of Data Collecting
The technique of data collecting explains what technique which is used by the writer to obtain the data about the variable or focus of the research; in the
quantitative research, the technique of data collecting is divided into test and non test.
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The technique of the test such as: achievement test, potential test and IQ test. Meanwhile, technique of non test is used to measure the
performance of individual typical, for example: the questioner about the kind of jobs, religion, hobby, etc, interview, observation, and documentation.
The technique of data collecting that was used in this research are test which is divided into:
a. Pre-test The writer gave a pre-test to the students before the treatment was done for
both experiment and control class. As the writer have discussed in the instrument of the research, the form of the test that was given to the
students was multiple choices that consist of 25 questions. The objective of giving pre-test is to know the basic knowledge of the students before
the treatment was done.
b. Post-test The last step was giving post-test to the students after the treatment is
given for both experiment class and control class. The test that was used for post test were the same as the test that was used for pre-test. It was
multiple choices that consist of 25 questions. The objective of giving post- test is to know
students’ learning achievement after the treatment is given.
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Kadir. op. cit., p. 65.
F. The Technique of Data Analysis
Data analysis was the last step of the research that was done as one of the procedures of experiment. In this case, the writer calculated the data which
was obtained from the research. The objective of data processing is to know students’ learning achievement of both experiment class and control class.
After getting the data from pre-rest and post test of both experiment class and control class, the writer compared the result of both class to know the average
score of each class. This technique is used to know whether there is significant difference of students
’ achievement that are taught degree of comparison through pictures and
students’ achievement who are taught degree of comparison without using picture or through conventional teaching method.
Anas Sudijono highlighted, to test the difference between two means is used t-test formula as following below.
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t =
M
1
−M
2
SE
M 1 −M2
�
1
: Mean of the Difference of Experiment Class �
2
: Mean of the Difference of Control Class ��
�1
: Standard Error of Experiment Class ��
�2
: Standard Error of Control Class
The Procedur of calculation were as follows: 1. Determining Mean of Variable X, the formula is:
M
1
= X
N
1
2. Determining Mean of Variable Y, the formula is: M
2
= Y
N
2
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Anas Sudijono, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2005, p. 324-235.
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