appealing, and giving up techniques. Prompting technique appears when the speaker expects that the interlocutor speaks using prompting acts, such
question, offering and asking. Appealing technique which can be a signal or applier for the listener that the speaker needs a response for what has been
conveyed such tag question, all right, ok you know, etc. Giving up technique
occurs when the speaker is talking and feeling no longer being discussed or
when the speaker cannot share any information in herhis mind.
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
This chapter contains some sub chapters namely research method and design, research subject and setting, data source, data collection technique,
data analysis technique, and method of presenting result.
3.1 Research Method and Design
The design of this research was descriptive comparative. The descriptive design was used to describe the turn taking pattern in formal and non-formal
classes at ma‟had Walisongo. Meanwhile, the comparative design was used to
compare the turn taking pattern in the conversation of non-formal and formal classes at
ma‟had Walisongo. Descriptive comparative design can be defined as a research that compares two or more variables. Sukmadinata, 2008: 79.
This design was used by the researcher because she describes turn taking pattern and compares the turn taking pattern in both classes.
Besides descriptive comparative design, the researcher also used a qualitative approach. According to Creswell 1994:145 in qualitative
approach the researcher investigates the context including people, setting, site, or institution to observe or records all behavior in its natural setting. Kothari
2004:2 adds that qualitative approach is concerned with subjective assessment, arguments and behavior and generally used the deeper interviews.
This approach was used by the researcher in making interpretation of the turn taking data in both classes.
