36 Radford argues that the maximal projections can function as non head
terms in a rule which maximally generalized by formulating the phrases uniquely in terms of category variables and level variables 1988, p.279. Through those
terms, the internal of constituent structure of phrases can be expanded into an X- bar by the addition of a set of Complements, by the preceding attribute and
following adjuncts, and a specifier phrase. The relationship of those elements can be depicted into the following phrase structure.
As noted in that phrase structure, there are four elements of a phrase to be formulated based on the rules of the phrase formation Dwijatmoko, 2002, p.8.
The phrase rule formations are: a.
X” → YP X’ Specification Rule
b. X’
→ YP X’ Attributed Rule c.
X’ → X’ YP Adjunction Rule
d. X’
→ X YP Complementation Rule XP X”
Specifier X’
X’ Adjunct
Attribute X’
X Complement
37
C. Theoretical Framework
In completion of this chapter, the contribution of each theory is described. Through the theories described, the readers who are interested in the same field
study might know the basic knowledge of this analysis. Basically, this study aims to answer the problem of the study related to the patterns of post-noun
modification employed in Marty Natalegawa’s speeches. In order to answer the problem of this study, the researcher employed several theories described by some
experts including Aarts Aarts 1982, Qurik et al. [1985], 1972, Leech Svartvik 1994, Greenbaum Quirk 1997, Yule 2004, Kolln Funk [2012]
2010. The theories employed are related to the basic definition of noun and noun phrase, types of post-noun modification, and the explicitness of using post-noun
modification in a noun phrase. The types of post-noun modification are described in order to classify the patterns of noun phrases with post-noun modification. In
analyzing the problem, the researcher is going to classify the noun phrases based on its categories.
Through those categories, the syntactic structure of the noun phrases is analyzed based on the theories described by Dwijatmoko 2002 and Radford
1988. From the syntactic structure of each noun phrase pattern, the way of each type of post-noun modification would be determined. This explanation is worth to
define the most frequent types of post-noun modifiers position which is close to the headword. Moreover, the explicitness theory is also presented in this study in
order to provide the detail information on the reduction of noun headword followed by relative clause to prepositional phrase. In addition, the researcher
