Example: Direct question: She says to me, ‘Are you a student?’
Reported question: She asks me ifwhether I am a student.
C S V
3. Command or Imperative
Direct commands are usually expressed by the imperative Thomson Martinet, 1980. Thus, reported command also refers to reported imperative. To convert direct
command into reported command, the form of to-infinitive is used here. There are two commands discussed in this part. They are positive command and
negative command. Positive Command
Positive command of reported speech is expressed by subject S + imperative verb + object O + to- infinitive.
Example: Direct command: She says to me, ‘Come here’
Reported command: She asked
me to come
there. S
imperative verb O
to -infinitive
Negative Command Negative command of reported speech is expressed by subject S + imperative
verb + object O + not to-infinitive. Example:
Direct command: ‘Don’t wait’ he said. Reported command: He
asked me
not to wait. S
imperative verb O
not to -infinitive
13 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
4. Request
When somebody wants to report someone else’s request, the reporting verb a verb of request should match the function of the request, for example:
Direct request: ‘Would you like to come for a drive with me?’ said Andrew.
Reported request: Andrew askedinvited me to come for a drive with him.
a verb of request O
infinitive
Indirect request is usually expressed by a verb of request + object + infinitive Thomson Martinet, 1980.
5. Advice and Suggestion
Indirect advice or reported advice is expressed by a verb of advice + object + infinitive Thomson Martinet, 1980, for example:
Direct advice: ‘Why don’t you take off your coat?’ he said. Reported advice: He
advised
me to take off my coat.
a verb of advice O
infinitive
Different from reported advice, reported suggestion does not use infinitive structure after suggest Swan, 1995. Reported suggestion can be expressed by, for
example: Direct suggestion: ‘We should meet at the theatre,’ Donn said.
Reported suggestion: Donn suggested meeting at the theatre. or
Donn suggested that we should meet at the theatre.
6. Exclamation
A direct exclamation must become a statement in reported speech Thomson Martinet, 1980. When someone reports the exclamation, he or she does not always
apply the rule mechanically as he or she reports statement, question, command, request, advice, and suggestion.
Examples: 14
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