CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
This chapter presents two major topics. The first topic deals with the conclusions drawn from the research result and the data analysis. The second topic
deals with some suggestions to the lecturers, the students, and the further research.
A. Conclusions
Based on the research result and the data analysis, the conclusions which can be drawn by this study are presented as follows:
The fourth semester students mastery on reported speech was considered sufficient according to the academic regulation of Sanata Dharma University.
Their average score the mean was 19.60, which entered the category sufficient and which was 65.33 of the highest possible answer the students could achieve
in the test 30. Even though sufficient, the students achievement was still considered low and unsatisfactory. In the first part of the test which emphasised
the form, the students achieved the average 76.92 of correct answers. While in the second part of the test which assessed the students ability to convert direct
speech into reported speech correctly, they only achieved the average 42.12 of correct answers. This achievement was far below the minimum standard of
mastery 56 of correct answers. Although the fourth semester students had studied reported speech in semester
two, they still made many errors of it. Errors based on the surface strategy taxonomy which were found in the test were 51, errors based on the grammatical
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changes of reported speech were 354, and errors based on the types of reported speech were 33.
Based on the surface strategy taxonomy, the students made 10 errors of omission of major content 19.61, 4 errors of omission of grammatical
morpheme 7.84, 2 errors of double marking 3.92, 17 errors of simple addition 33.33, 5 errors of alternating form 9.80, and 13 errors of
misordering 25.49. It indicates that students had not mastered how to convert direct speech into the correct reported speech.
The fourth semester students still found difficulties in mastering some components of English grammar in reported speech. They made 97 errors of tense
27.40, 29 errors of pronoun 8.19, 154 errors of adverbial time 43.50, 19 errors of adverbial place 5.37, 10 errors of demonstratives this and these
2.82, 1 error of modal verb 0.28, 14 errors of word order 3.95, 2 errors of to-infinitive 0.56, and 28 errors of that-clause 7.91.
The students had difficulties not only in the grammatical changes of reported speech but also in the types of reported speech itself. They still made 11 errors of
reported question 33.33, 17 errors of reported command 51.51, and 5 errors of reported exclamation 15.15.
The errors the students made were influenced by the three main possible causes. The first was the interference of students’ mother tongue, Indonesian
interlingual transfer. Students made many errors of reported speech because they often took the Indonesian transfer by translating the sentence word by word when
they were required to convert direct speech into reported speech. They also often translated the sentence using Indonesian word order. The second was the nature of
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