A written record of classroom events related to the research question e.g. physical set up of classroom, students groupings, students movement, and
teacher-student interaction. 3
Interview Face-to-face interactions conducted by the researcher in a structured, semi-
structured, or unstructured format with teachers, administrators, librarians, aides and parents.
4 Questionnaire
A set of written questions to research that the teacher asks participants e.g. students, other teachers, administrators, librarians, parents to answer.
I use action research procedures for collecting the required data. I teach XI IPS 2 by using ‘Look Ahead 2’ textbook as the source of narrative text reading
material. First, the students will be given a pre-test, the next meeting, they will be given a formative test after the teaching learning process and at the end of the
research, and they will be given a post-test and questionnaire.
3.6 Procedure of the Study
This action research is carried out through five activities in two cycles. Before the data collecting test and questionnaire are given, firstly, the test and
questionnaire are tried out to the students in other class of SMA N 1 Kaliwungu, which is XI IPS 3 class. After getting the score of the try-out test, then I analyze
them to know the validity and the reliability. All of them will be used to decide which items which items should be tested in making the instrument. The first
cycle is pre-test and it is continued with formative test after I give the first treatment in teaching and learning activity to the students. In the second, I conduct
the last treatment. In the end of this action research, the post-test and questionnaire are given to the students.
The following is the elaboration of the whole activities for the group: 1
The First activity Pre-test Before getting the first treatment, the students have gotten the teaching of
narrative text from their teacher traditionally. The first treatment is Pre-Test. It is the first activity before I do the teaching and learning activities. The aim of this
test is to measure the ability of the students in understanding narrative text. The pre-test is given on 14
th
May, 2009. 2
First Cycle The first cycle consists of two; they are the first treatment and the formative
test. I give the first treatment and the formative test on 18
th
May, 2009. Here are the steps of the first treatment:
a. Planning
1 Preparing the teaching material: Unit 2 of ‘Look Ahead 2’ textbook.
2 Choosing one text of the Unit, which the title is “Why Do the Sun and the
Moon Live Together in the Sky?” 3
Arranging a lesson plan based on the teaching material. 4
Preparing the test instrument. 5
Preparing teaching facilities the copies of the text, textbook, eraser, etc. 6
Preparing field notes. 7
Preparing students’ attendance list. b.
Acting
1 Students are asked about the folktales they like.
2 Students are asked about their knowledge of narrative text.
3 Students are given the copies of “Why Do the Sun and the Moon Live
Together in the Sky?” to each student. 4
Students read the text. 5
Students make notes of the difficult words. 6
Students discuss the meaning of the difficult words. 7
I read the text 8
Students are taught narrative text. 9
Students analyze the text based the generic structure, the social purpose and the lexicogrammatical features.
c. Observing
1 I observe the teaching learning process.
2 I observe the advantages of the book.
3 I observe the students’ interest of the book.
d. Reflecting
In this step, I evaluate the steps in first treatment and discuss the results of the observation for the improvement of students’ ability in reading narrative text.
After giving the first treatment, I give the formative test to know how far the students understand the narrative text. The test consists of 15 multiple-choice
items and 10 essays. 3
Second Cycle
It is the second cycle of the study. After I observe the first treatment, I give the second treatment to the students to solve the problems face in the first
treatment. The treatment is given on 21
st
May, 2009. Here are the steps of the first treatment:
a. Planning
1 Preparing the teaching material from ‘Look Ahead 2’ textbook: a text
which title is “Why Do Hawks Hunt Chicks?” 2
Arranging a lesson plan based on the teaching material. 3
Preparing teaching facilities the copies of the text, textbook, eraser, etc. 4
Preparing field notes. 5
Preparing students’ attendance list. b.
Acting 1
Students are asked about the problems they faced on the previous lesson. 2
Students are helped to solve the problems. 3
Students are given the copies of “Why Do Hawks Hunt Chicks?” to each student.
4 Students read the text.
5 Students discuss the text in pairs.
6 Students retell the text they have read.
c. Observing
1 I observe the teaching learning process.
2 I observe the advantages of the book.
3 I observe the students’ interest of the book.
d. Reflecting
In this step, I evaluate the steps in second treatment and discuss the results of the observation for the improvement of students’ ability in reading narrative text.
4 Post-Test
In the end of the whole activities, the students do a post-test. It is used to measure the students’ achievement of the whole teaching and learning process.
The test is the same as the pre-test and the formative test, which consist of 15 multiple-choice items and 10 essays. I give the test after giving the last teaching
and learning activity.
3.7 Instrument of the Study
